CN110326492A - A kind of phytobiocoenose construction method - Google Patents
A kind of phytobiocoenose construction method Download PDFInfo
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- CN110326492A CN110326492A CN201910475444.3A CN201910475444A CN110326492A CN 110326492 A CN110326492 A CN 110326492A CN 201910475444 A CN201910475444 A CN 201910475444A CN 110326492 A CN110326492 A CN 110326492A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B79/00—Methods for working soil
- A01B79/02—Methods for working soil combined with other agricultural processing, e.g. fertilising, planting
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G20/00—Cultivation of turf, lawn or the like; Apparatus or methods therefor
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/60—Flowers; Ornamental plants
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of phytobiocoenose construction methods, the phytobiocoenose of this method building is suitable for the weather and soil environment of the Northwest, the following steps are included: (1) soil quality assessment, (2) soil improvement, (3) phytobiocoenose constructs, the design of (4) continuity.Effect of the invention is that: pass through ecological and design tectonics combination, with phytocoenology principle, using Site Design as starting point, propose the basic skills of ground cover plant group group structure under the scale of place, fully consider regional climate, environment and typical project habitat characteristics, and the difference based on the effect of vegetation structure feature and function, innovative proposes structure sheaf+seasonal themes layer+ground storey multi-layer design pattern.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to urban ecology and Scene construction technical fields, and in particular to a kind of artificial ground cover plant in the Northwest
Group's group structure method.
Background technique
Potentiality of the phytobiocoenose with stable raising city species diversity and ecosystem service function, and ground cover plant
Group, which constitutes Urban Biodiversity, has irreplaceability, and ground storey plant and native plants can be effectively improved city
Bio-diversity is simultaneously had a possibility that adapting to the small space in narrow block by phytobiocoenose, is beneficial in urban habitats
Reproducibility and application.Therefore, ground cover plant group group structure can successfully manage attached green space Small and Medium Sized greenery patches unit
Eco-Design.Also, due to inland-types climate characteristics such as the precipitation condition of the Northwest's arid and semi-arid, seasonal rainwater and
The characteristics of natural environments such as species group succession of herbaceous, so that it has natural meadow landscape abundant, it is that ground cover plant group sets
The foundation of meter simultaneously provides prototype.
Currently, structure, species diversity, the investigation of function and evaluation that domestic scholars are concentrated mainly on phytobiocoenose are ground
Study carefully, the phytobiocoenose research for application is simultaneously few.Meanwhile current technology means lack for northwest city built environment
In, the Ecological Design Method of the small scale urban green space of large area fragmentation；Lack for in specific Urban Green Spaces
It reverses the loss of biodiversity or increases the guilding principle of bio-diversity；To the requirement of small scale urban green space landscape aesthetic effect
It is lower, lack the Aesthetic Thoughts to the Northwest ground cover plant winter withering period.
Summary of the invention
In view of the deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention intends to provide a kind of phytobiocoenose construction method, solve
At present without the phytobiocoenose for being directed to the Northwest's urban environment small size the technical issues of.
In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problem, the present invention is realised by adopting the following technical scheme:
The phytobiocoenose of a kind of phytobiocoenose construction method, this method building is suitable for the weather and soil ring of the Northwest
Border, comprising the following steps:
(1) soil quality assessment: to soil quality in terms of Soil Utilization history, present vegetation and the landform hydrology three
It is assessed, soil is generated according to assessment result combination place and is illustrated expression figure；
(2) soil improvement: expression figure is illustrated according to soil and carries out soil improvement；
(3) phytobiocoenose constructs: in the cardinal scales of a phytobiocoenose, on the soil after improvement, according to structure
Layer-seasonal themes layer-ground storey vertical demixing mode construction phytobiocoenose；
Wherein, structure sheaf plants constructive species, and the specific gravity that structure sheaf covers ground is 60%；Seasonal themes layer plants advantage
Kind, the specific gravity that seasonal themes layer covers ground is 40%；Ground storey is located at the bottom, structure sheaf and seasonal themes layer not limiting layer
Height, in the cardinal scales of a phytobiocoenose, structure sheaf and seasonal themes layer are all in uniform plantation.Ground storey using gravel and
Loose age covering.
Wherein, (2) step is illustrated expression figure into Soil Habitat block plan, Soil Habitat block plan packet according to soil
Healthy soil area, soil compression area, soil erosion area and four, weeds area region are included, takes different soil against four regions
Ameliorative measure.Soil compression area covers the Environmental Engineering combined with bark using the mechanical improvement measure digged and turf improvement
Ameliorative measure, weeds area improve the Environmental Engineering ameliorative measure combined with turf with clod cover and clod cover, and soil is invaded
Erosion area is using the mechanical improvement measure vertically arranged.
Wherein, (3) step, phytobiocoenose need to confirm that constructive species and confirmation have Interspecies simultaneously with constructive species when constructing
And the sociales that ecological niche is different.
Preferably, further include (4) step, continuity design: the growth situation of the phytobiocoenose of building is continuously moved
State monitors and carries out suitability evaluation, designs correction scheme according to evaluation result.
Preferably, wherein structure sheaf: any one in the raw habitat plantation eight treasures (choice ingredients of certain special dishes) red-spotted stonecrop of sun or flores aurantii phlomis umbrosa, Yin Shengsheng
Plant any one in liriope platyphylia Wang et Tang or tuber fern in border；
Preferably, seasonal themes layer: the raw habitat plantation wool wood of sun, the wooden spring chrysanthemum, milfoil, Dianthus chinensis, rush, Lao
One or both of valley sedge, wrinkled giant hyssop or bunny Chinese pennisetum；The raw habitat plantation rush of yin, green onion orchid, scouring rush, safflower jealous woman slurry
One or both of grass, jade hairpin, the valley Lao sedge, alum root or the valley Lao sedge.
It is furthermore preferred that seasonal themes layer: if plant hat width, in 18-22cm, planting density is 36 plants/m2If hat width exists
The plant of 23-26cm, planting density are 25 plants/m2；If hat width is about in the plant of 30-40cm, planting density is 16 plants/m2。
Preferably, the cardinal scales of phytobiocoenose are 1m × 1m.
Compared with prior art, the present invention having the following technical effect that
Effect of the invention is that:
It (1) is to set out with Site Design with phytocoenology principle by ecological and design tectonics combination
Point proposes the basic skills of ground cover plant group group structure under the scale of place, fully considers regional climate, environment and typical project
Habitat characteristics, and the difference based on the effect of vegetation structure feature and function, it is innovative propose structure sheaf+seasonal themes layer+
The multi-layer design pattern of ground storey；
(2) scientific control is carried out to group's species quantity, species, advantageously reduces species and ambient moisture, nutrient, light is provided
The intensity of consumption such as source promote group to build up safely；
(3) regional climate, environment and Typical Sites soil characteristic are fully considered, and is planted based on the plant based on group
The typical differences of plant method and traditional implantation methods, and propose the maintenance of Farm Planning+phytobiocoenose planting+phytobiocoenose
With the Trinitarian phytobiocoenose Building surface of management and maintenance management method, meet northwest artificially by phytobiocoenose planting
It is required that；
(4) phytobiocoenose Building surface of the invention, science comprehensively, advantageously reduce later period place maintenance management expense and
The investment of manpower and material resources.
(5) the method for the present invention embodiment is simple, and technical operation is strong, can sufficiently ensure the Northwest, place, city ecology
The building effect of ground cover plant group in design.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is artificially by the layering combination mode figure of phytobiocoenose group structure.
Fig. 2 is artificially by phytobiocoenose group structure A1 A2, B1/B2 plan view.
Fig. 3 is the habitat block plan for being illustrated expression graph evaluation according to south gate garden place soil and generating.
Fig. 4 is south gate garden soil optimisation strategy figure.
Fig. 5 is gardening growing area conceptual design figure.
Explanation is further explained in detail to particular content of the invention with reference to embodiments.
Specific embodiment
In compliance with the above technical solution, specific embodiments of the present invention are given below, it should be noted that the present invention not office
It is limited to following specific embodiments, all equivalent transformations made on the basis of the technical solutions of the present application each falls within protection model of the invention
It encloses.
Phytobiocoenose construction method of the invention, has conducted extensive research early period:
The first step carries out the investigation of synecology method first against the typical big and medium-sized cities of five province of northwest, by a large amount of
To the sample investigation of ground cover plant group under its Different habitats, research is obtained under Different habitats, forms stable community
Ground cover plant type number, vertical structure and its plant height and sociales.
Step 2: determining the constructive species of structure of community layer according to design object function first.The constructive species is carried out primary
The research of natural habitat group, determines its primary Habitat Types.And observation analysis has the sociales of species associatio with it, from
In select the species for being determined as seasonal themes layer, if this kind of ground cover plant does not have production in nursery, then according to corresponding principle
It is replaced.
Third step, according to the multi-layer design pattern method of " structure sheaf+seasonal themes layer+ground storey ", in conjunction with different niches
Constructive species and sociales are carried out ground cover plant group group structure by condition and certain species number and structure of community.
Wherein, the cardinal scales of ground cover plant group need to will be also convenient for weighing in practice with guaranteeing by the integrality of group
It answers and combines, therefore the cardinal scales of ground cover plant group group structure unit are 1m × 1m in the present invention.
By a large amount of natural community's sample investigations, in group's unit of 1m × 1m, plant species number is determined are as follows: the raw nonirrigated farmland of sun
Habitat 3-7 kind, the raw wetland habitat 2-6 kind of sun, the raw dry land habitat 2-5 kind of yin, the raw wetland habitat 3-8 kind of yin.So the present invention exists
When ground cover plant community hight, ground storey is replaced with gravel and loose age, each sample prescription group experimental plant kind number is determined as 3 kinds.
The condition that constructive species need to meet is: (1) must be that can find its primary habitat and natural prototype in the Northwest
Indigenous plant；(2) be aithullium or its winter aspect is withered without falling, and can become the structure sheaf of group；(3) have in nursery
Production has good adaptability to planting environment and has the potentiality promoted and applied.
Trunk structure of the structure sheaf as group should select stem to maintain preferable group's form in winter
Strong plant；The plant to bloom or aspect is clearly demarcated may be selected in seasonal themes layer, creates regular color transformed；Ground storey is normal
It selects short plant or mulch to be completely laid on ground, weeds can also be inhibited while building keynote.
The condition that sociales need to meet is: (1) having benign interspecies relation with constructive species；(2) texture, in terms of
Good landscape effect is formed with constructive species；(3) with constructive species have different ecological niche (including spatial niche, when parabiosis
Position and florescence).
Since the sociales in the nature of part do not have production in nursery, when experiment, is replaced according to following principle:
(1) there is similar form and height；(2) there is similar habit；It (3) is as far as possible indigenous plant.Such as Calamagrostis epigejos is replaced
For sedge or bunny Chinese pennisetum.
It is provided by the invention artificially by phytobiocoenose group structure method, by the way of plant in planting ground cover plant group
Ground cover plant.
Wherein, the specific gravity of covered ground shared by constructive species is 60%, remaining two kinds of sociales accounts for the specific gravity of covered ground altogether
It is 40%.It transplants nursery stock and uses identical specification.
When ground cover plant is planted, hat width is preferably about 36 plants/m in the planting density of 20cm2, hat width is about 25cm's
Planting density is 25 plants/m2, hat width is about 16 plants/m in the planting density of 35cm2。
Signified place Soil Utilization history and soil of the invention, i.e., in the place evolution process of long period, place
Soil may due to Land-Use change and huge change occurs, these using history be in particular in exploitation and construction
Activity, topography reform, heap putting material and building waste, car lane and pavement, soil pollution and landfill etc., these benefits
It is used with the current place of history strong influence or transformation, i.e. the utilization history in place is particularly important to status edaphic condition.
Signified present vegetation and soil of the invention can assist us preferably that is, by the interpretation to present vegetation
Identify the special nature of status soil, for example the sallow variation that may imply soil acidity or alkalinity of plant leaf vein or inorganic elements
It is unbalance, plant growth and development is bad to can be shown that soil has situations such as compacting, arid or impeded drainage etc..
Signified the landform hydrology and soil of the invention, i.e. place hydrologic condition is that water is flowed and is distributed in place and soil
Mode is influenced very greatly by site topography and edaphic condition, therefore can help me with regard to the research of the landform hydrologic condition in place
Be better understood by the soil regime in place.Such as the hydrology phenomenons such as the soil erosion, waterlogging can be communicated to our regions
Edaphic condition is very fragile, waterproof ground is larger, and the permeability that rainwater conflux lasts shorter or the region soil is poor
Etc. information.
Constructive species of the invention signified is the most dominant in sociales, i.e. cover degree is maximum, occupies maximum space, thus
Biological species most outstanding are acted in terms of building group and Environmental change constructive species, it decides the fundamental property of entire group.
Determine the biotype of mainly its constructive species of physiognomy.They are the real victors of struggle for existence in group.Build group
Kind not necessarily has comparative advantage on individual amount, but decides the structure inside group and special environment condition.
Signified sociales of the invention refer to that it influences maximum type to habitat.The sociales of each layer can more than one
A kind i.e. co-dominant species.Basic brief introduction in China's Tropical forests, what the sociales of arborous layer were often all made of various plants
Co-dominant species.
Embodiment 1:
The present embodiment provides one kind artificially by phytobiocoenose planting and establishing method, mainly includes that Farm Planning (comment by soil quality
Valence and improvement), phytobiocoenose planting and continuity design etc. content.
The first step carries out soil quality assessment, plants first to place soil from place land use history and soil, status
It is assessed with soil, the landform hydrology and three, soil aspect, to need to retain the portion with protection in clear place soil
Point, need the part repaired, the part of removal, can be efficiently used or renovation and utilization and unserviceable part, and
The soil information being collected into above is subjected to graphicalization expression, is carried out such as place Soil Habitat block plan, and on this basis
Place soil improvement: (1) place Soil Utilization history and soil, i.e., in the place evolution process of long period, place soil
May due to Land-Use change and huge change occurs, these using history be in particular in exploitation and construction live
Dynamic, topography reform, heap putting material and building waste, car lane and pavement, soil pollution and landfill etc., these utilizations
The current place of history strong influence uses or transformation, i.e. the utilization history in place are particularly important to status edaphic condition (2)
Present vegetation and soil can assist us preferably to identify the particularity of status soil that is, by the interpretation to present vegetation
Matter, for example sallow variation that may imply soil acidity or alkalinity of plant leaf vein or unbalance, the plant growth and development of inorganic elements
It is bad to can be shown that soil has (3) landform hydrology and the soil, i.e. place hydrology item such as the situations such as compacting, arid or impeded drainage
Part is that water flows and distribution pattern in place and soil, influenced by site topography and edaphic condition it is very big, therefore with regard to place
The research of landform hydrologic condition us can be helped to be better understood by the soil regime in place.Such as the soil erosion, waterlogging etc.
The edaphic condition that hydrology phenomenon can be communicated to our regions is very fragile, waterproof ground is larger, rainwater conflux last compared with
The information such as the permeability of short or the region soil is poor.
Second step, improvement:
For place soil there are the soil erosion, compacting, it is exposed and barren the problems such as, mainly change from Site Design, machinery
Good and Environmental Engineering angle, the vertical arrangement of proposition, the solid soil of slope surface, dig respectively, bark, clod cover and turf+pearl
The ameliorative measure of rock+rice chaff soil improvement object.
Third step, the planting of phytobiocoenose, plant setting method and traditional implantation methods based on group exist
Significant difference.Vertical structure of the invention is divided into three layers, is divided into a ground storey and two plantation layers.Ground storey with Song Lin and
Gravel plants layer and uses structure sheaf+seasonal themes layer double-layer structure as ground cover material.Structure sheaf chooses a kind of plant
As the constructive species of group, seasonal themes layer choosing takes 2 kinds of plants as sociales.We using plant layering plant method come
The establishment for carrying out phytobiocoenose, should prepare the planting figure of three layerings in plant work progress, and first figure is main right
The structure sheaf of group is accurately positioned, and second is used to express the location and range of seasonal themes layer, last is used to true
Be colonized object under and surrounding mixed type Land cover plant exact range.And plant species is carried out according to corresponding step
Plant: (1) conscientious displacement structure layer plant (2) arrangement seasonal themes layer (3) is carried out using the ground mulching plant of most basic layer
It fills (4) and fills provisional dynamic layer plant and bulbous plant.
Embodiment 2:
It is artificially designed by phytobiocoenose group structure the present embodiment provides a kind of, when it is implemented, vertical structure is divided into three layers,
It is divided into a ground storey and two plantation layers.Ground storey plants layer and uses structure using Song Lin and gravel as ground cover material
The double-layer structure of layer+seasonal themes layer.Structure sheaf chooses constructive species of a kind of plant as group, and seasonal themes layer choosing takes 2 kinds of plants
Object is as sociales.
Structure A1 (eight treasures (choice ingredients of certain special dishes) red-spotted stonecrop+wool wood+wood spring chrysanthemum) and A2 (eight are organized using eight treasures (choice ingredients of certain special dishes) red-spotted stonecrop as constructive species in the raw habitat of sun
Precious red-spotted stonecrop+milfoil+Dianthus chinensis) two kinds of Community patterns using phlomis umbrosa as constructive species organize the structure B1 (phlomis umbrosa+valley rush+Lao tongue fur
Grass) and two kinds of Community patterns of B2 (phlomis umbrosa+wrinkled giant hyssop+bunny Chinese pennisetum).
Embodiment 3:
It is artificially designed by phytobiocoenose group structure the present embodiment provides a kind of, when it is implemented, vertical structure is divided into three layers,
It is divided into a ground storey and two plantation layers.Ground storey plants layer and uses structure using Song Lin and gravel as ground cover material
The double-layer structure of layer+seasonal themes layer.Structure sheaf chooses constructive species of a kind of plant as group, and seasonal themes layer choosing takes 2 kinds of plants
Object is as sociales.
The raw habitat of yin is using liriope platyphylia Wang et Tang as constructive species, group structure C1 (liriope platyphylia Wang et Tang+rush+green onion is blue) and C2 (broad-leaved wheat
Winter+scouring rush+window box oxalis) two kinds of Community patterns, using tuber fern as constructive species, organize structure D1 (tuber fern+valley jade hairpin+Lao sedge) and
Two kinds of Community patterns of D2 (tuber fern+valley alum root+Lao sedge).
Embodiment 4:
The present embodiment provides one kind artificially by phytobiocoenose constructing method, when it is implemented, being to build big south gate garden
Example is always divided into Farm Planning, phytobiocoenose planting and place continuity design three parts content.
Wherein, Farm Planning first assesses place soil, and the soil information that assessment obtains is illustrated
Expression, form south gate garden place Soil Habitat block plan: Soil Habitat subregion mainly includes healthy soil area, soil compression
Area, soil erosion area, four, weeds area region (specific such as Fig. 3), then the characteristics of the Soil Habitat divisional type of foundation Fig. 3
(compacting zone interstices of soil rate is lower, and corrosion area soil angle of repose is insufficient, and weeds area has invasion phenomenon) is corresponding to take respectively
Ameliorative measure.From the point of view of specific, soil optimization in south gate garden mainly carries out improved test with regard to soil compression area and weeds area, wherein
Compacting zone mainly uses the mechanical improvement measure of " digging " and the Environmental Engineering ameliorative measure of " turf improvement+bark covering ",
Weeds area is mainly with the Environmental Engineering ameliorative measure of simple clod cover and " clod cover+turf improvement ", specific region
And its improvement strategy such as Fig. 4.
Further, phytobiocoenose planting, in the plantation work progress for carrying out plant, before plantation, by surface layer 30cm
Soil mixed with base manure, then dig out the shallow canal of about 10cm, and the seedling with soil ball is put into shallow canal according to the spacing of 25cm
In, mulching soil simultaneously waters.After plantation, plant specially uses black shading because of the too big dehydration death of evaporation capacity in order to prevent
Cloth has carried out shading treatment to plant.
Further, continuity designs, once phytobiocoenose planting is completed, with the growth and development of phytobiocoenose, respectively
Kind problem can also occur therewith: for example, the plant of structure sheaf is easy lodging, seriously limits stable stratification state.And continuity
Design be exactly to habitat build ground cover plant group process of construction in the problem carry out periodically observation and targetedly
Design of feedback, main includes following content: (1) the dynamic observation in habitat garden；(2) suitability of vegetation growth state is commented
Valence；(3) continuity design scheme is formulated；(4) implementation of continuity design scheme.
Plants landscape performance after south gate garden is constructed for the first time there are aiming at the problem that: the plant of structure sheaf is easy
Volt, seriously limits stable stratification state.The processing of four included steps is designed by continuity, while according to south gate flower
The demand of the target of the Secondary Design and experiment in garden finally proposes new continuity design scheme: mainly for gardening area plant
Problem above existing for group carries out related nursery stock replacement, and main alternative plant includes: garden columbine, Japan's short Radix Ophiopogonis, pale reddish brown mouse
Tail grass etc., it is specific to replace the vegetation type and band of position such as Fig. 5: 16 plants/m of garden columbine2, the short 16 plants/m of Radix Ophiopogonis of Japan2, pale reddish brown mouse
16 plants/m of tail grass2。
Implementation result:
Ground cover plant group combination mode increases the integrality of structure of community, improves Community Ecology service function.It is rich
Rich floristics and higher indigenous plant ratio, which be birds, selects the species such as profound hairstreak, honeybee provides food and habitat.
In planting and maintenance cost, artificially by phytobiocoenose be averaged planting cost for traditional gardening ground cover plant planting at
This 97.3%；Cost of artificially averagely being watered by phytobiocoenose is the 58.4% of traditional gardening ground cover plant watering cost；People
Building site be averaged that weeding cost is traditional gardening ground cover plant weeding cost by phytobiocoenose 65.7%.In management, it is only necessary to planting
The previous year water seasoning, weeding only need to remove winding liana and xylophyta seedling, save management service cost, avoiding
The use of fertilizer, pesticide and herbicide prevents the pollution of soil.
The present invention also has following purpose and meaning:
Improve bio-diversity.Ground cover plant group combination mode can be used as the carrier of bio-diversity, become city
A part of small greenery patches bio-diversity design framework.
Improve place productivity.The layered structure of phytobiocoenose makes the plant for possessing different plant heights in group, these plants
Object can sufficiently share illumination, moisture and soil resource and substantially increase so that the plant on place makes full use of space resources
The production efficiency in place.
Improve the ecosystem.The succession of phytobiocoenose is the necessary process of ecosystem self-perfection, and Process Design is drawn
Enter place, so that constructing the complete phytobiocoenose of health in place, phytobiocoenose can improve the soil in place, to promote micro-
Biocenological growth.Meanwhile phytobiocoenose and habitat collectively form the living environment of animal community, to improve ecosystem
System.
Claims (10)
1. the phytobiocoenose of a kind of phytobiocoenose construction method, this method building is suitable for the weather and soil ring of the Northwest
Border, which comprises the following steps:
(1) soil quality assessment: soil quality is carried out in terms of Soil Utilization history, present vegetation and the landform hydrology three
Assessment generates soil according to assessment result and is illustrated expression figure；
(2) soil improvement: expression figure is illustrated according to soil and carries out soil improvement；
(3) phytobiocoenose constructs: in the cardinal scales of a phytobiocoenose, on the soil after improvement, according to vertical demixing
Mode construction phytobiocoenose, vertical demixing mode include structure sheaf, seasonal themes layer and ground storey；
Wherein, structure sheaf plants constructive species, and the specific gravity for covering ground is 60%；
Seasonal themes layer plants sociales, and the specific gravity for covering ground is 40%；
Ground storey is using gravel and loose age covering.
2. phytobiocoenose construction method as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that (2) step is illustrated expression figure according to soil
Soil Habitat block plan is formed, Soil Habitat block plan includes healthy soil area, soil compression area, soil erosion area and weeds area
Different amendements is taken against four regions in four regions.
3. phytobiocoenose construction method as claimed in claim 2, which is characterized in that soil compression area is using the mechanical improvement digged
Measure and turf improvement and bark cover the Environmental Engineering ameliorative measure that is combined, weeds area with clod cover and clod cover and
The Environmental Engineering ameliorative measure that turf improvement combines, soil erosion area is using the mechanical improvement measure vertically arranged.
4. phytobiocoenose construction method as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that (3) step needs true when phytobiocoenose constructs
Recognizing constructive species and confirmation has Interspecies and the different sociales of ecological niche with constructive species.
5. phytobiocoenose construction method as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that (3) step, ground storey are located at the bottom, knot
Limiting layer is not high for structure layer and seasonal themes layer, and in the cardinal scales of a phytobiocoenose, structure sheaf and seasonal themes layer are all in
Uniformly plantation.
6. phytobiocoenose construction method as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that further include the design of (4) step continuity: to structure
The growth situation for the phytobiocoenose built carries out continuous dynamic monitoring and carries out suitability evaluation, designs correction side according to evaluation result
Case.
7. phytobiocoenose construction method as claimed in claim 1 or 2, which is characterized in that in the structure sheaf, the raw habitat plantation of sun
Any one in eight treasures (choice ingredients of certain special dishes) red-spotted stonecrop or flores aurantii phlomis umbrosa, any one in the raw habitat plantation liriope platyphylia Wang et Tang of yin or tuber fern.
8. phytobiocoenose construction method as claimed in claim 1 or 2, which is characterized in that in the seasonal themes layer, the raw habitat of sun
Plant one of wool wood, the wooden spring chrysanthemum, milfoil, Dianthus chinensis, rush, the valley Lao sedge, wrinkled giant hyssop or bunny Chinese pennisetum
Or two kinds；In the raw habitat plantation rush of yin, green onion orchid, scouring rush, window box oxalis, jade hairpin, the valley Lao sedge, alum root or the valley Lao sedge
One or two.
9. phytobiocoenose construction method as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that in the seasonal themes layer, if plant hat width
In 18-22cm, then planting density is 36 plants/m2If plant hat width, in 23-26cm, planting density is 25 plants/m2；If plant is preced with
For width in 30-40cm, planting density is 16 plants/m2。
10. phytobiocoenose construction method as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the cardinal scales of the phytobiocoenose are 1m
×1m。
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