CN110308200A - A kind of high-speed track method of detection that the leakage field of differential type is compound with vortex - Google Patents
A kind of high-speed track method of detection that the leakage field of differential type is compound with vortex Download PDFInfo
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- CN110308200A CN110308200A CN201910641093.9A CN201910641093A CN110308200A CN 110308200 A CN110308200 A CN 110308200A CN 201910641093 A CN201910641093 A CN 201910641093A CN 110308200 A CN110308200 A CN 110308200A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N27/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means
- G01N27/72—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating magnetic variables
- G01N27/82—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating magnetic variables for investigating the presence of flaws
- G01N27/83—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating magnetic variables for investigating the presence of flaws by investigating stray magnetic fields
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N27/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means
- G01N27/72—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating magnetic variables
- G01N27/82—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating magnetic variables for investigating the presence of flaws
- G01N27/90—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating magnetic variables for investigating the presence of flaws using eddy currents
- G01N27/9046—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating magnetic variables for investigating the presence of flaws using eddy currents by analysing electrical signals
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of leakage field of differential type and it is vortexed compound high-speed track method of detection, detection probe used in this method includes magnetic yoke, magnetic yoke coil and Differential Detection coil, direct current is passed through in magnetic yoke coil first, forming magnetostatic field makes detected object magnetic saturation, then ac-excited to Differential Detection coil application single-frequency in the case where detected object is in magnetic saturation state, magnetic leakage signal and eddy current signal are detected by bridge circuit.Fusion of the method for the present invention based on Magnetic Flux Leakage Inspecting and eddy current detection method obtains difference magnetic leakage signal and differential vortex signal by signal processing, and the difference of two signals of comparative analysis realizes the differentiation of surface defect and inner defect.The method of the present invention has many advantages, such as that non-contact, Yi Shixian, easy to operate, detection efficiency is high, is applicable to the defect classification of high-speed track on-line real-time measuremen.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of leakage field of differential type and it is vortexed compound high-speed track method of detection, belongs to non-destructive testing skill
Art field.
Background technique
Non-destructive testing is a kind of under the premise of not injuring measurand using function, is detected in the structure of testee
There is the detection technique of zero defect or the uneven situation of material.With the development of science and technology, non-destructive testing technology is widely used in producing
The integrity assessment of the In-service testings and structure such as the quality control of product, the fatigue crack equipped.Wherein, Magnetic Flux Leakage Inspecting and current vortex
Detection is two kinds of common electromagnetic nondestructive methods, has the advantages that high reliability and free of contamination, is lacked in equipment key position
It plays an important role in sunken detection.
Current detection technique has effectively realized the detection of defect, but in some pairs of higher works of safety equipment requirement
Industry production and transportation field, to parameter informations such as the positions of defect, more stringent requirements are proposed.Such as the crack detection on rail,
It needs to classify to surface defect and inner defect, in order to subsequent rail maintenance work.In rail crack detection, surpass
Sonic detection has been widely applied, and penetration capacity is larger, to planar defect such as crackle, interlayer etc., flaw detection sensitivity
It is higher, and the depth and relative size of defect can be measured.However need to emit ultrasonic wave by couplant, it is dfficult to apply to
High speed real-time detecting system.And surface and near surface flaw are detected, it is easy to produce mixed and disorderly back wave and more difficult application.Leakage field
Detection and eddy current detection method are suitable for surface and the near surface flaw detection of ferrimagnet, and do not need couplant,
High speed detection may be implemented.Wherein Magnetic Flux Leakage Inspecting can be detected simultaneously by Surface-breaking defect and near surface inner defect, but nothing
Method distinguishes the two.And eddy current detection is limited to skin effect, frequency is difficult to detect the inner defect of near surface after increasing.
Summary of the invention
It is visited the technical problems to be solved by the present invention are: providing a kind of leakage field of differential type and being vortexed compound high-speed track
Hurt method, magnetic flux leakage caused by defect is detected simultaneously by by Differential Detection coil and Eddy Distribution changes, through signal processing point
The amplitude signal of difference magnetic leakage signal and vortex variation is not obtained, and the real time contrast of two signals can distinguish surface and bury
Defect.
The present invention uses following technical scheme to solve above-mentioned technical problem:
A kind of high-speed track method of detection that the leakage field of differential type is compound with vortex, includes the following steps:
Step 1, the magnetic yoke for being wound with magnetic yoke coil is arranged in the tested region of test specimen, magnetic yoke coil is applied straight
Stream excitation, until the tested region of test specimen reaches magnetic saturation state；
Step 2, Differential Detection coil is arranged in the tested region of test specimen, and Differential Detection coil is accessed into electricity
Bridge circuit, apply on Differential Detection coil it is ac-excited, according to the parameter of Differential Detection coil with detection speed selection exchange
Driving frequency fe, ac-excited frequency feMeet:
Wherein, v indicates detection speed, dsIndicate the diameter of Differential Detection coil；
Step 3, low-pass filtering is done to bridge circuit output signal and obtains difference magnetic leakage signal, according to difference magnetic leakage signal and
Ac-excited frequency selects low-pass cut-off frequencies fL；
Step 4, high-pass filtering is done to bridge circuit output signal and obtains differential vortex signal, while doing height to ac-excited
Pass filter selects high pass cut off frequency f according to differential vortex signal and ac-excited frequencyH；
Step 5, signal that high-pass filtering obtains is done as carrier wave using ac-excited, do orthogonal solution with differential vortex signal
It adjusts, obtains in-phase signal and orthogonal signalling, differential vortex amplitude signal is calculated according to in-phase signal and orthogonal signalling；
Step 6, there is difference leakage field simultaneously at certain position in the amplitude signal of comparison difference magnetic leakage signal and vortex variation
Signal and differential vortex amplitude signal are then surface defect, go out only difference magnetic leakage signal without differential vortex in certain position
Amplitude signal is then inner defect.
As a preferred solution of the present invention, low-pass cut-off frequencies f described in step 3LMeet:
Wherein, v indicates detection speed, dsIndicate the diameter of Differential Detection coil, feIndicate ac-excited frequency.
As a preferred solution of the present invention, high pass cut off frequency f described in step 4HMeet:
Wherein, v indicates detection speed, dsIndicate the diameter of Differential Detection coil, feIndicate ac-excited frequency.
As a preferred solution of the present invention, differential vortex amplitude signal, calculation formula described in step 5 are as follows:
Wherein, A (t) indicates that differential vortex amplitude signal, I (t) indicate in-phase signal, and Q (t) indicates orthogonal signalling.
The invention adopts the above technical scheme compared with prior art, has following technical effect that
1, Magnetic Flux Leakage Inspecting technology and eddy detection technology are combined together by the present invention, are rationally utilized and are vortexed skin effect
The deficiency for being difficult to detect inner defect should be limited, Magnetic Flux Leakage Inspecting is effectively compensated for and is difficult to differentiate the bad of surface defect and inner defect
Gesture.
2, Differential Detection coil of the present invention had not only been used as the eddy current probe of autoexcitation formula, but also as Magnetic Flux Leakage Inspecting
Sensor uses, and sonde configuration is made to reach most simplified, it is easy to accomplish.
3, difference magnetic leakage signal of the present invention and differential vortex signal derive from the same sensor, and position difference is not present,
There is no time delay, therefore signal can realize real time contrast.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the leakage field of differential type of the present invention and the schematic diagram for being vortexed compound high-speed track method of detection probe used.
Fig. 2 is the leakage field of differential type of the present invention and the detection signal processing flow for being vortexed compound high-speed track method of detection
Block diagram.
Fig. 3 is surface defect and inner defect schematic diagram on test specimen.
Fig. 4 is the leakage field of differential type of the present invention and is vortexed compound high-speed track method of detection applied to single surface defect
Or the difference magnetic leakage signal schematic diagram that inner defect detects.
Fig. 5 is the leakage field of differential type of the present invention and is vortexed compound high-speed track method of detection applied to single surface defect
Detect obtained differential vortex signal schematic representation.
Fig. 6 is that the leakage field of differential type of the present invention and the compound high-speed track method of detection of vortex are applied to distinguish surface and bury
Hide the magnetic leakage signal and eddy current signal contrast schematic diagram of defect.
Wherein, 1, magnetic yoke；2, magnetic yoke coil；3, Differential Detection coil；4, test specimen；A1, surface defect 1；A2, surface
Defect 2；B1, inner defect 1；B2, inner defect 2.
Specific embodiment
Embodiments of the present invention are described below in detail, the example of the embodiment is shown in the accompanying drawings.Below by
The embodiment being described with reference to the drawings is exemplary, and for explaining only the invention, and is not construed as limiting the claims.
As shown in Figure 1, being the structural schematic diagram of detection probe used in the method for the present invention, which includes magnetic yoke 1, magnetic inversion line
2, Differential Detection coil 3 are enclosed, continuous current excitation is applied on magnetic yoke coil 2, so that the tested region of test specimen 4 is magnetized to saturation
State, ac-excited to be applied on Differential Detection coil 3, Differential Detection coil 3 detects magnetic leakage signal and the whirlpool of fault location simultaneously
Flow signal.
As shown in Fig. 2, being the detection signal processing flow block diagram of the method for the present invention, Differential Detection coil 3 is accessed first
Bridge circuit applies excitation to magnetic yoke coil 2 and Differential Detection coil 3 respectively；Then low pass is done to bridge circuit output signal
Filtering obtains difference magnetic leakage signal, while doing high-pass filtering to ac-excited and bridge circuit output signal, and pumping signal is filtered
The signal that wave obtains filters to obtain signal and does quadrature demodulation, obtain vortex variation as carrier wave with bridge circuit output signal
Amplitude signal and phase signal；The finally amplitude signal of comparison difference magnetic leakage signal and vortex variation is distinguished surface defect and is buried
Hide defect.
Fig. 3 is the test specimen of belt surface defect a1, a2 and inner defect b1, b2, and surface defect has at surface of test piece
Opening, inner defect are located inside test specimen, are not open at surface.
As shown in figure 4, can be obtained when being detected using the method for the present invention by single surface defect or inner defect
To the difference magnetic leakage signal of a similar M type, there are two positive peak and a negative peaks for waveform.For surface defect a1, a2
With inner defect b1, b2, magnetic leakage signal shows as identical M type wave.
As shown in figure 5, when being detected using the method for the present invention, by the available M of single surface defect a1, a2
The differential vortex amplitude signal of type, there are two positive peak, center zero crossings for waveform.And when popping one's head in by inner defect b1, b2,
There is no M type wave in eddy current amplitude signal.
Magnetic leakage signal is identical with the fundamental frequency of eddy current amplitude signal in Fig. 5 in Fig. 4, fundamental frequency f and Differential Detection
Coil parameter and probe detection speed are related.Its expression formula are as follows:
In formula, v is probe detection speed, dsFor the diameter of Differential Detection coil.
Detected since magnetic leakage signal and eddy current signal share Differential Detection coil, two signals can be superimposed through
Bridge circuit output.Wherein, difference magnetic leakage signal is the low frequency part of electric bridge output, and fundamental frequency is the f in formula (1), is examined
Consider frequency-doubled signal on waveform, taking its frequency range is 0~4f；And there are the carrier wave of a high frequency, the frequencies of the carrier wave for eddy current signal
For ac-excited frequency fe, the eddy current signal fundamental frequency being superimposed on carrier wave isIn view of frequency-doubled signal on waveform, electric bridge is defeated
High frequency section frequency range out takes fe- 2f~fe+2f。
Thus, it is ensured that magnetic leakage signal frequency range and eddy current signal frequency range do not have aliasing, i.e. fe-2f≥4f.It is then ac-excited
Frequency feFollowing formula should be met:
The low frequency magnetic leakage signal in bridge circuit output is directly acquired with low-pass filtering, needs to guarantee that the low pass of filter is cut
Only frequency fLBetween two frequency ranges, i.e. 4f≤fL≤fe-2f.Then low-pass cut-off frequencies fLFollowing formula should be met:
Likewise, the high frequency section in bridge circuit output is obtained with high-pass filtering, so that processing obtains desired vortex
Signal, then high pass cut off frequency fHFollowing formula should be met:
And there are high frequency carriers in eddy current signal, it is necessary to obtain in-phase signal I (t) and orthogonal signalling Q by quadrature demodulation
(t), the fundamental frequency of the two signals isBy amplitude signal A (t) and phase signal that vortex variation is calculatedCalculation formula is as follows:
Obtained eddy current amplitude signal fundamental frequency is twice of in-phase signal I (t) and orthogonal signalling Q (t) fundamental frequency,
It is identical as the frequency of magnetic leakage signal, it is all f.
Below by taking actually detected situation as an example, the specific steps are as follows:
(1) continuous current excitation is applied to magnetic yoke coil, so that the tested region of test specimen is magnetized to saturation state；
(2) by Differential Detection coil access bridge circuit and apply it is ac-excited, according to calculation formulaIt is visiting
Head diameter 40mm, in the case where detecting speed 20km/h, choosing ac-excited frequency is 10kHz；
(3) test specimen that existing surface defect has inner defect again is chosen, Fig. 3 gives the test specimen of the present embodiment
Model carries out defects detection by probe placement on test specimen surface with the speed mobile probe of 20km/h；
(4) low-pass filtering is done to bridge circuit output signal and obtains difference magnetic leakage signal, according to calculation formulaChoose low-pass cut-off frequencies fLFor 5kHz；
(5) high-pass filtering is done to ac-excited and bridge circuit output signal simultaneously, according to calculation formulaChoose high pass cut off frequency fHFor 5kHz；
(6) it using the ac-excited obtained signal that filters as carrier wave, is obtained with bridge circuit output signal high-pass filtering
Differential vortex signal does quadrature demodulation, obtains the amplitude signal and phase signal of vortex variation；
(7) amplitude signal of comparison difference magnetic leakage signal and vortex variation, as shown in fig. 6, giving test specimen detection
As a result difference magnetic leakage signal and differential vortex amplitude signal in, wherein surface defect a1, a2 is in difference magnetic leakage signal and difference
All it is obvious that and inner defect b1, b2 are only present in difference magnetic leakage signal in eddy current amplitude signal.
The above examples only illustrate the technical idea of the present invention, and this does not limit the scope of protection of the present invention, all
According to the technical idea provided by the invention, any changes made on the basis of the technical scheme each falls within the scope of the present invention
Within.
Claims (4)
1. a kind of high-speed track method of detection compound with vortex of leakage field of differential type, which comprises the steps of:
Step 1, the magnetic yoke for being wound with magnetic yoke coil is arranged in the tested region of test specimen, direct current is applied to magnetic yoke coil and is swashed
It encourages, until the tested region of test specimen reaches magnetic saturation state；
Step 2, Differential Detection coil is arranged in the tested region of test specimen, and Differential Detection coil access electric bridge is electric
Road, apply on Differential Detection coil it is ac-excited, according to the parameter of Differential Detection coil and detection speed selection it is ac-excited
Frequency fe, ac-excited frequency feMeet:
Wherein, v indicates detection speed, dsIndicate the diameter of Differential Detection coil；
Step 3, low-pass filtering is done to bridge circuit output signal and obtains difference magnetic leakage signal, according to difference magnetic leakage signal with exchange
Driving frequency selects low-pass cut-off frequencies fL；
Step 4, high-pass filtering is done to bridge circuit output signal and obtains differential vortex signal, while doing high pass filter to ac-excited
Wave selects high pass cut off frequency f according to differential vortex signal and ac-excited frequencyH；
Step 5, signal that high-pass filtering obtains is done as carrier wave using ac-excited, do quadrature demodulation with differential vortex signal, obtain
To in-phase signal and orthogonal signalling, differential vortex amplitude signal is calculated according to in-phase signal and orthogonal signalling；
Step 6, there is difference magnetic leakage signal simultaneously at certain position in the amplitude signal of comparison difference magnetic leakage signal and vortex variation
Then it is surface defect with differential vortex amplitude signal, goes out only difference magnetic leakage signal without differential vortex amplitude in certain position
Signal is then inner defect.
2. the leakage field of the differential type high-speed track method of detection compound with vortex according to claim 1, which is characterized in that step
The rapid 3 low-pass cut-off frequencies fLMeet:
Wherein, v indicates detection speed, dsIndicate the diameter of Differential Detection coil, feIndicate ac-excited frequency.
3. the leakage field of the differential type high-speed track method of detection compound with vortex according to claim 1, which is characterized in that step
The rapid 4 high pass cut off frequency fHMeet:
Wherein, v indicates detection speed, dsIndicate the diameter of Differential Detection coil, feIndicate ac-excited frequency.
4. the leakage field of the differential type high-speed track method of detection compound with vortex according to claim 1, which is characterized in that step
The rapid 5 differential vortex amplitude signal, calculation formula are as follows:
Wherein, A (t) indicates that differential vortex amplitude signal, I (t) indicate in-phase signal, and Q (t) indicates orthogonal signalling.
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| CN201910641093.9A CN110308200B (en) | 2019-07-16 | 2019-07-16 | Differential magnetic leakage and eddy current composite high-speed rail flaw detection method |
| PCT/CN2020/093256 WO2021008249A1 (en) | 2019-07-16 | 2020-05-29 | Differential-type high-speed track defect inspection method combining magnetic flux leakage and eddy current |
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| WO2021008249A1 (en) * | 2019-07-16 | 2021-01-21 | 南京航空航天大学 | Differential-type high-speed track defect inspection method combining magnetic flux leakage and eddy current |
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| WO2021008249A1 (en) * | 2019-07-16 | 2021-01-21 | 南京航空航天大学 | Differential-type high-speed track defect inspection method combining magnetic flux leakage and eddy current |
| CN111337567A (en) * | 2020-03-27 | 2020-06-26 | 南京航空航天大学 | Defect type evaluation method based on eddy current and magnetic flux leakage detection signal fusion |
| WO2021189717A1 (en) * | 2020-03-27 | 2021-09-30 | 南京航空航天大学 | Defect type evaluation method based on fusion of eddy current testing signal and magnetic flux leakage testing signal |
| CN111337567B (en) * | 2020-03-27 | 2023-10-03 | 南京航空航天大学 | Defect type assessment method based on eddy current and magnetic flux leakage detection signal fusion |
| CN111581814A (en) * | 2020-05-07 | 2020-08-25 | 南京航空航天大学 | Parameter design method of high-speed track defect detection system based on differential eddy current |
| WO2021223423A1 (en) * | 2020-05-07 | 2021-11-11 | 南京航空航天大学 | Parameter design method for high-speed rail defect detection system based on differential eddy current |
| CN111983014A (en) * | 2020-08-21 | 2020-11-24 | 南京中车浦镇城轨车辆有限责任公司 | Welding seam defect detection device and detection method thereof |
| CN113433212A (en) * | 2021-06-24 | 2021-09-24 | 西安交通大学 | Uniform field excitation directional eddy current probe with strong interference resistance and detection method |
| CN113970554A (en) * | 2021-11-03 | 2022-01-25 | 重庆交通大学 | Inhaul cable defect detection device and inhaul cable defect detection method |
| CN117110417A (en) * | 2022-11-22 | 2023-11-24 | 北华航天工业学院 | Eddy current probe circuit system during magnetic leakage-eddy current composite detection |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN110308200B (en) | 2022-11-04 |
| WO2021008249A1 (en) | 2021-01-21 |
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