CN110300802A - 用于动物胚胎碱基编辑的组合物和碱基编辑方法 - Google Patents
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- C12N2310/20—Type of nucleic acid involving clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats [CRISPRs]
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Abstract
本发明提供一种包含脱氨酶和靶特异性核酸酶的碱基编辑组合物、使用该碱基编辑组合物的碱基编辑方法,以及生产经遗传修饰动物的方法。该碱基编辑组合物在哺乳动物胚胎中具有碱基编辑活性。
Description
技术领域
本发明提供一种包含脱氨酶和靶特异性核酸酶的碱基编辑组合物,使用该碱基编辑组合物的碱基编辑方法,以及构建经遗传修饰动物的方法。
背景技术
大多数人类遗传疾病是由单碱基取代或点突变,而不是基因组中的一些插入/缺失(插入缺失)或广泛的染色体重排引起的。由可编程核酸酶(诸如簇状规则间隔短回文重复(CRISPR)-Cas9或Cpf1系统)介导的基因组编辑能够对引起遗传疾病的遗传缺陷进行基因校正,但是在以靶特异性方式诱导单碱基取代方面存在技术困难。这是因为可编程核酸酶产生的大多数DNA双链断裂(DSB)通过易错非同源末端连接(NHEJ)而不是使用模板供体DNA的同源重组(HR)来修复。因此,核酸酶靶向位点的插入缺失比单核苷酸取代更频繁地发生。
最近,据报道与胞苷脱氨酶(诸如载脂蛋白B编辑复合物1(APOBEC1)或活化诱导脱氨酶(AID))连接的Cas9切口酶(nCas9)或催化缺陷型Cas9(dCas9)在靶位点用C取代T(或用G取代A),而不会产生DSB。这些报道显示了在酵母和经培养的哺乳动物细胞中的碱基编辑。这些RNA引导的可编程脱氨酶将基因组编辑的覆盖范围扩展到另一个水平,并且可能提出一种在包括人类在内的所有生物中诱导靶突变或进行基因编辑的方法。然而,必须证明RNA可编程脱氨酶在体内具有碱基编辑功能。
发明内容
技术问题
本发明提供了通过使用可编程脱氨酶在诸如鼠细胞的真核细胞(例如,包括哺乳动物细胞的动物细胞)中诱导单核苷酸取代的技术。
一个实施方案提供了碱基编辑组合物,其包含:(1)脱氨酶或其编码基因,和(2)靶特异性核酸酶或其编码基因。细胞可以是真核细胞(例如,来自真核动物的细胞),并且碱基编辑方法可以在真核细胞中进行碱基编辑(例如,碱基取代)。
靶特异性核酸酶可包括:RNA引导的核酸酶;以及可与靶基因或其编码DNA(或携带编码DNA的重组载体)中的靶位点杂交(具有互补核苷酸序列)的向导RNA。在这方面,碱基编辑组合物可包含:(1)脱氨酶或其编码基因(mRNA或携带编码DNA的重组载体)、(2)RNA引导的核酸酶或其编码基因(mRNA或携带编码DNA的重组载体),和(3)向导RNA或其编码基因(DNA)。
除了(1)脱氨酶或其编码基因(mRNA或携带编码DNA的重组载体)、(2)RNA引导的核酸酶或其编码基因(mRNA或携带编码DNA的重组载体),和(3)向导RNA或其编码基因(DNA)之外,碱基编辑组合物可以进一步包含:(4)尿嘧啶DNA糖基化酶抑制剂(UGI)或其编码基因;和/或(5)核定位序列(NLS)或其编码基因。在碱基编辑组合物使用脱氨酶、RNA引导的核酸酶和可选地UGI和/或NLS或其编码基因分别连接的融合蛋白或基因形式的情况下,可以在相邻的偶联蛋白质或基因之间给予合适的接头,例如,脱氨酶和RNA引导的核酸酶之间、核酸酶和UGI之间,以及UGI和NLS(融合蛋白的肽接头(3-30或3-20a.a.)和融合基因的寡核苷酸接头(9-90或9-60nt))。
另一个实施方案提供了一种碱基编辑方法,包括将碱基编辑组合物引入细胞的步骤。细胞可以是真核细胞,并且碱基编辑方法可以在真核细胞中进行编辑(例如,碱基取代)。
在一个实施方案中,将碱基编辑组合物引入细胞的步骤可以通过以下进行:
1)通过分别携带这些基因或携带至少两个基因的重组载体将编码脱氨酶的DNA、编码RNA引导的核酸酶的DNA和编码向导RNA的基因转染到细胞中,
2)将脱氨酶、RNA引导的核酸酶和向导RNA(例如,脱氨酶、RNA引导的核酸酶和向导RNA复合的核糖核酸蛋白)直接注射到细胞中,或者
3)将编码脱氨酶的mRNA、编码RNA引导的核酸酶的mRNA和向导RNA直接注射到细胞中。
如上所述,在通过1)、2)或3)进行的引入步骤中使用的碱基编辑组合物可以进一步包含尿嘧啶DNA糖基化酶抑制剂(UGI)或其编码基因和/或(5)核定位序列(NLS)或其编码基因,以及可选地,合适的接头。
另一个实施方案提供了经遗传修饰的细胞,其包含通过碱基编辑方法编辑的碱基。
另一个实施方案提供了从经遗传修饰的细胞获得的经遗传修饰的动物。
另一个实施方案提供了构建经遗传修饰动物的方法,该方法包括将哺乳动物胚胎移植到哺乳动物代孕母动物的输卵管中的步骤,该哺乳动物胚胎具有引入其中的碱基编辑组合物。
技术方案
本发明人通过使用可编程的脱氨酶成功地在真核细胞(诸如鼠细胞(例如动物细胞,如哺乳动物细胞等))中诱导单核苷酸取代。
一个实施方案提供了碱基编辑组合物,其包含:(1)脱氨酶或其编码基因,和(2)靶特异性核酸酶或其编码基因。碱基编辑组合物可以在真核细胞中具有碱基编辑(例如,碱基取代)活性。真核细胞可以是真核动物的细胞,例如胚胎细胞。在一个实施方案中,真核细胞可以是哺乳动物细胞,例如哺乳动物胚胎细胞。
如本文所用的,术语“编码基因”旨在包括cDNA、rDNA、携带cDNA、rDNA的重组载体和mRNA。
如本文所用的,“脱氨酶”是具有从真核细胞中的某些碱基除去胺基的活性的酶的通用术语,并且可以是例如将胞苷转化为尿苷的胞苷脱氨酶,和/或腺苷脱氨酶。在一个实施方案中,脱氨酶可以是选自由下组成的组中至少一种:载脂蛋白B编辑复合物1(APOBEC1)、活化诱导的脱氨酶(AID)、tRNA特异性腺苷脱氨酶(tadA)等,但不限于此。真核细胞中的单核苷酸取代可以通过这种碱基转化(例如,胞苷转化为尿苷)诱导。
靶特异性核酸酶可包括RNA引导的核酸酶和能够与靶基因或其编码DNA(或携带编码DNA的重组载体)的靶位点杂交(或具有互补序列)的向导RNA。在本文中,碱基编辑组合物可包含:(1)脱氨酶或其编码基因(mRNA或携带编码DNA的重组载体)、(2)经修饰的RNA引导的核酸酶或其编码基因(mRNA或携带编码DNA的重组载体),和(3)向导RNA或其编码DNA。
除了(1)脱氨酶或其编码基因(mRNA或携带编码DNA的重组载体)、(2)RNA引导的核酸酶或其编码基因(mRNA或携带编码DNA的重组载体),和(3)向导RNA或其编码基因(DNA)之外,碱基编辑组合物可以进一步包含:(4)尿嘧啶DNA糖基化酶抑制剂(UGI)或其编码基因;和/或(5)核定位序列(NLS)或其编码基因。在碱基编辑组合物使用脱氨酶、RNA引导的核酸酶和可选的UGI和/或NLS或其编码基因分别连接的融合蛋白或基因形式的情况下,可以在相邻的偶联蛋白质或基因之间给予合适的接头,例如,脱氨酶和RNA引导的核酸酶之间、核酸酶和UGI之间,以及UGI和NLS(融合蛋白的肽接头(3-30或3-20aa)和融合基因的寡核苷酸接头(9-90或9-60nt))。
在一个实施方案中,RNA引导的核酸酶可以是经修饰的RNA引导的核酸酶,其被修饰以丧失形成DNA双链断裂的活性。
经修饰的RNA引导的核酸酶可以是经修饰的Cas9(CRISPR相关蛋白9)或经修饰的Cpf1(来自普氏菌(Prevotella)和弗朗西斯氏菌(Francisella)1的CRISPR)系统,它们被修饰以切割靶基因中的一条链(切口形成)。在一个实施方案中,经修饰的RNA引导的核酸酶可以选自由Cas9切口酶(nCas9)和催化缺陷的Cas9(dCas9)组成的组。
当碱基编辑组合物包含脱氨酶编码基因和RNA引导的核酸酶编码基因时,编码基因可以是DNA或mRNA。另外,脱氨酶编码基因和RNA引导的核酸酶编码基因可以以mRNA或分别携带DNA的重组载体(即,一个重组载体携带编码脱氨酶的DNA以及一个重组载体携带编码RNA引导的核酸酶的DNA)或一并携带DNA的重组载体的形式包含。
向导RNA可以是CRISPR RNA(crRNA)、反式激活crRNA(tracrRNA)、包括crRNA和tracrRNA的双向导RNA(crRNA和tracrRNA的复合物),或单向导RNA(sgRNA)。在一个实施方案中,碱基编辑组合物可包含编码脱氨酶和经修饰的RNA引导的核酸酶的mRNA,以及向导RNA,或者包括脱氨酶、经修饰的RNA引导的核酸酶和向导RNA的核糖核蛋白(RNP)。核糖核蛋白可以包括以脱氨酶、经修饰的RNA引导的核酸酶和向导RNA的混合物,或者可以以脱氨酶、经修饰的RNA引导的核酸酶和向导RNA相关联的复合物存在。
另一个实施方案提供了一种碱基编辑方法,包括将碱基编辑组合物引入细胞的步骤。细胞可以是真核细胞,并且碱基编辑方法可以在真核细胞中进行碱基编辑(例如,碱基取代)。
真核细胞可以是真核动物细胞,例如真核动物胚胎细胞。在一个实施方案中,细胞可以是哺乳动物细胞,例如哺乳动物胚胎细胞。碱基编辑方法可以在真核细胞(例如,真核动物胚胎细胞)实现40%或更高、45%或更高、50%或更高、55%或更高、60%或更高、65%或更高、70%或更高、75%或更高、80%或更高、85%或更高、90%或更高、95%或更高、97%或更高、99%或更高,或100%的碱基转化率(碱基取代率)。另外,碱基编辑方法可以通过碱基取代引起各种突变体以在基因(例如,编码序列)内产生终止密码子而用于基因敲除,以在不编码蛋白质序列的非编码DNA序列中引入突变等。
特别地,碱基编辑组合物可以应用于哺乳动物胚胎以有效地构建具有被期望敲除的基因或引入所需突变的成年哺乳动物。
将碱基编辑组合物引入细胞的步骤可以是将脱氨酶或脱氨酶编码基因、RNA引导的核酸酶或RNA引导的核酸酶编码基因,以及向导RNA或向导RNA编码基因引入细胞的步骤。在编码基因中,至少一个基因可以包含在分别的或一个用于引入的重组载体中。
在一个实施方案中,将碱基编辑组合物引入细胞的步骤可以通过以下进行:
1)通过分别携带或携带至少两个基因的重组载体将脱氨酶编码DNA、RNA引导的核酸酶编码DNA和向导RNA编码基因转染到细胞中,
2)直接注射脱氨酶、RNA引导的核酸酶和向导RNA(例如,以混合物形式或以脱氨酶、RNA引导的核酸酶和向导RNA复合的核糖核酸蛋白形式)进入细胞,或
3)将脱氨酶编码mRNA、RNA引导的核酸酶编码mRNA和向导RNA以混合物或单独直接注射到细胞中。
如本文所用,术语“直接注射”是指2)的脱氨酶、RNA引导的核酸酶和向导RNA(例如,以混合物形式或以核糖核酸蛋白的复合形式的脱氨酶、RNA引导的核酸酶和向导RNA),或3)的脱氨酶编码mRNA、RNA引导的核酸酶编码mRNA和向导RNA通过细胞膜和/或核膜,并在不使用重组载体的情况下转移到基因组中,并且可以通过电穿孔、脂质转染、显微注射等进行。
另一个实施方案提供了经遗传修饰的细胞,其包含通过碱基编辑方法编辑的碱基。经遗传修饰的细胞可以是通过对靶基因进行碱基编辑而产生碱基取代(例如单核苷酸取代或点突变)的细胞。细胞可以是真核细胞。真核细胞可以是真核动物细胞,例如胚胎细胞。在一个实施方案中,细胞可以是来自哺乳动物(包括人或非人哺乳动物)的细胞,例如来自哺乳动物(包括人或非人哺乳动物)的胚胎细胞。
另一个实施方案提供了构建经遗传修饰动物的方法,该方法包括将哺乳动物胚胎或经遗传修饰的哺乳动物胚胎移植到哺乳动物的输卵管中的步骤,所述哺乳动物胚胎具有注射到其中的碱基编辑组合物或所述经遗传修饰的哺乳动物胚胎包含由碱基编辑方法编辑的碱基。经遗传修饰的哺乳动物可以是从胚胎发育的动物,胚胎中通过对靶基因的碱基编辑产生碱基取代,例如单核苷酸取代或点突变。
哺乳动物(移植有胚胎细胞的输卵管)可以是与胚胎细胞来源的哺乳动物相同物种的哺乳动物(代孕母亲)。
另一个实施方案提供了从经遗传修饰的细胞获得的经遗传修饰的动物。可以通过构建经遗传修饰动物的方法构建经遗传修饰动物。动物可以是真核动物,例如,包括人的哺乳动物,或非人哺乳动物。
在本发明中,可应用碱基编辑组合物的细胞可以是真核细胞,例如来自真核动物的细胞。真核动物可以是哺乳动物,包括诸如人类的灵长类动物,和诸如小鼠的啮齿动物等。来自真核动物的细胞可以是哺乳动物胚胎。例如,胚胎可以在超排卵雌性动物与雄性哺乳动物交配后,从超排卵的雌性哺乳动物(通过注射性腺激素,诸如PMSG(孕母血清促性腺激素)、hCG(人类绒膜促性腺激素)等超排卵)的输卵管中取出。施用(注射)碱基编辑组合物的胚胎可以是受精时的单细胞受精卵。
如本文所用的,术语“碱基编辑”是指靶基因内的靶位点处发生点突变的碱基突变(取代、缺失或插入),并且可以根据经突变碱基的规模区别于基因编辑,碱基编辑中突变碱基的数量小(一个或两个碱基,即一个碱基),而基因编辑中突变碱基相对多。碱基编辑可能不会导致双链DNA切割。
如本文所用的,术语“碱基突变(或碱基取代)”是指包括相应碱基的核苷酸的突变(例如,取代),并且可以与“核苷酸突变(或核苷酸取代)”互换使用。碱基突变可以发生在等位基因中的任一者或两者上。
在一个实施方案中,碱基突变和由此产生的碱基编辑可以以各种方式进行,包括产生终止密码子或翻译为与靶基因上野生型氨基酸的不同氨基酸的密码子以敲除靶基因,或者在不编码蛋白质序列的非编码DNA序列中引入突变等,但不限于此。
在本发明中,碱基编辑或碱基突变可以在体外或体内进行。
如本文所用的,术语“碱基序列”是指包含相应碱基的核苷酸序列,并且可与核苷酸序列或核酸序列互换使用。
如本文所用的,“靶基因”是指作为碱基编辑(或碱基突变)应用至的目标的基因,
“靶位点”或“靶区域”是指靶特异性核酸酶在靶基因中进行碱基编辑的位点或区域。在一个实施方案中,当靶特异性核酸酶包括RNA引导的核酸酶(RNA引导的工程化核酸酶;RGEN)时,靶位点或靶区域旨在是位于靶基因中RNA向导核酸酶识别序列(PAM序列)的5'和/或3'末端附近,并且最大长度约为50bp或约40bp的基因位点(双链,或双链中任意一条单链)。
在一个实施方案中,当靶特异性核酸酶包括RNA引导的核酸酶时,含有靶向序列的向导RNA可以与RNA引导的核酸酶一起包括在内。“靶向序列”可以是向导RNA位点,其包括与靶位点上约15至约30个核苷酸(nt)、约15至约35nt、约17至约23nt,或约18至约22nt,例如约20nt的连续碱基序列互补(杂交)的碱基序列。与靶向序列互补的靶位点上的碱基序列称为“靶序列”。“靶序列”可以指位于由RNA引导的核酸酶识别的PAM序列的5'和/或3'末端附近的约15nt至约30nt、约15nt至约25nt、约17nt至约23nt,或约18nt至约22nt,例如约20nt的连续碱基序列。
脱氨酶是具有从真核细胞中的某些碱基除去胺基的活性的酶的通用名称,例如将胞苷转化为尿苷的胞苷脱氨酶和/或腺苷脱氨酶。在一个实施方案中,脱氨酶可以是选自由下组成的组中至少一种:APOBEC(载脂蛋白B mRNA编辑酶,催化多肽样)、AID(活化诱导的脱氨酶)和tadA(tRNA特异性腺苷脱氨酶),但是不限于此。APOBEC1、AID和tadA可以源自诸如大肠杆菌的原核动物,或诸如哺乳动物的真核动物,例如包括人的灵长类动物,包括小鼠的啮齿动物等。
在一个实施方案中,APOBEC可以是选自由下组成的组中至少一种:APOBEC1(载脂蛋白B编辑复合物1)、APOBEC2、APOBEC3B、APOBEC3C、APOBEC3D、APOBEC3E、APOBEC3F、APOBEC3G、APOBEC3H和APOBEC4,它们都来源于哺乳动物,例如人、大鼠、小鼠等。
APOBEC1可以是选自由下组成的组中至少一种:人APOBEC1(例如,GenBank登录号NP_005880.2(编码基因:NM_005889.3)、NP_001291495.1(编码基因:NM_001304566.1)、NP_001635.2(编码基因:NM_001644.4)等)、鼠(murine)APOBEC1(例如,GenBank登录号NP_001127863.1(编码基因:NM_001134391.1)、NP_112436.1(编码基因:NM_031159.3)等),和大鼠APOBEC1(例如,GenBank登录号NP_037039.1(SEQ ID NO:6)(编码基因:NM_012907.2)等),并且不限于此。
AID可以选自由下组成的组:人AID(例如,GenBank登录号NP_001317272.1(编码基因:NM_001330343.1)、NP_065712.1(编码基因:NM_020661.3)等)和鼠AID(例如,GenBank登录号NP_033775.1(编码基因:NM_009645.2)等),但不限于此。
tadA可以是选自由大肠杆菌tadA(例如,GenBank登录号NP_417054.2、YP_002408701.1、YP_002413581.3等)组成的组中至少一种,并且不限于此。
通过碱基转化(例如,从胞苷转化为尿苷),可以在真核细胞中诱导单核苷酸取代。
脱氨酶可以以蛋白质、其编码基因(例如DNA或mRNA)或携带该基因的重组载体的形式使用。
如本文所用,靶特异性核酸酶(也称为可编程核酸酶)是能够识别并切割基因组DNA上的特定位点(单链切口或双链切割)的所有核酸酶(内切核酸酶)的通用名称。
例如,靶特异性核酸酶可以是选自能够识别靶基因的特定序列并具有核苷酸切割活性以在靶基因中引起插入缺失(插入和/或缺失)的所有核酸酶中的至少一种。
例如,靶特异性核酸酶可包括选自由源自CRISPR系统(是一种微生物免疫系统)的RGEN(RNA引导的工程化核酸酶,例如Cas蛋白(即Cas9等)、Cpf1等)组成的组中至少一种,但不限于此。
靶特异性核酸酶可识别原核细胞和/或包括人细胞的动物细胞和植物细胞(例如真核细胞)中基因组上的特定碱基序列以引起双链断裂(DSB)。由于双链DNA的切割,双链断裂可以形成平端或粘性末端。DSB可以通过细胞内的同源重组或非同源末端连接(NHEJ)机制有效地修复,在此期间可以将期望的突变引入靶位点。
在一个实施方案中,靶特异性核酸酶可以是选自由CRIPR系统的II型和/或V型中包含的内切核酸酶组成的组中至少一种,诸如Cas蛋白(例如,Cas9蛋白(CRISPR(簇状规则间隔短回文重复序列)相关蛋白9))、Cpf1蛋白(来自普氏菌和弗朗西斯菌1的CRISPR)等。在这方面,靶特异性核酸酶可进一步包含用于引导至基因组DNA中靶位点的靶DNA特异性向导RNA。向导RNA可以是体外转录的RNA,例如,来自双链寡核苷酸或质粒模板的转录的RNA,但不限于此。靶特异性核酸酶可以以核糖核蛋白(RNP)形式在体外或转移至体内(细胞)起作用,在核糖核蛋白形式中核酸酶与向导RNA结合形成核糖核酸-蛋白质复合物(RNA-引导的工程化核酸酶)。
Cas9蛋白是CRISPR/Cas系统的主要蛋白质组分,其参与活化的内切核酸酶或切口酶(nickase)活性。
Cas9蛋白或其基因信息可以从众所周知的数据库(诸如NCBI(National Centerfor Biotechnology Information)的GenBank)获得。例如,Cas9蛋白可以是选自但不限于由下组成的组中至少一种:
来源于链球菌属Streptococcus sp.,例如酿脓链球菌(Streptococcuspyogenes)的Cas9蛋白(即,SwissProt登录号Q99ZW2(NP_269215.1);
来自弯曲杆菌属Campylobacter sp.,例如空肠弯曲杆菌(Campylobacterjejuni)的Cas9蛋白;
来自链球菌属sp.,例如嗜热链球菌(Streptococcus thermophiles)或金黄色链球菌(Streptocuccus aureus)的Cas9蛋白;
例如来自脑膜炎奈瑟球菌(Neisseria meningitidis)的Cas9蛋白;
来自巴斯德氏菌属Pasteurella sp.,例如,多杀巴斯德氏菌(Pasteurellamultocida)的Cas9蛋白;和
来自弗朗西斯氏菌属Francisella sp.,例如,新凶手弗朗西斯氏菌(Francisellanovicida)的Cas9蛋白。
Cpf1蛋白是与CRISPR/Cas系统不同的新CRISPR系统的内切核酸酶,与Cas9相比尺寸小,不需要tracrRNA,并且可以用单向导RNA起作用。此外,Cpf1可识别富含胸苷的PAM(前间隔序列-邻近基序)序列并产生粘性末端(粘性双链断裂)。
例如,Cpf1蛋白可以源自暂定属sp.(Candidatus sp.)、毛螺菌属sp.(Lachnospira sp.)、丁酸弧菌属sp.(Butyrivibrio sp.)、Peregrinibacteria sp.、Acidominococcus sp.、卟啉单胞菌属sp.(Porphyromonas sp.)、普氏菌属sp.(Prevotellasp.)、弗朗西斯氏菌属sp.(Francisella sp.)、候选甲烷支原体(CandidatusMethanoplasma)或真杆菌属sp.(Eubacterium sp.),诸如源自俭菌总门(Parcubacteria)细菌(GWC2011_GWC2_44_17)、毛螺菌科(Lachnospiraceae)细菌(MC2017)、Butyrivibrioproteoclasiicus、Peregrinibacteria细菌(GW2011_GWA_33_10)、Acidominococcus sp.(BV3L6)、马卡西卟啉单胞菌(Porphyromonas macacae)、毛螺菌科(Lachnospiraceae)细菌(ND2006)、Porphyromonas crevioricanis、解糖胨普氏菌(Prevotella disiens)、波伏丘利莫拉菌(Moraxella bovoculi)(237)、Smiihella sp.(SC_KO8D17)、稻田钩端螺旋体(Leptospira inadai)、毛螺菌科(Lachnospiraceae)细菌(MA2020)、新凶手弗朗西斯氏菌(U112)、Candidatus Methanoplasma termitum、Candidatus Paceibacter和挑剔真杆菌(Eubacterium eligens)等的微生物,但不限于此。
靶特异性核酸酶可以分离自微生物或是通过重组或合成方法获得的人工或非天然存在的蛋白质。为了使用,靶特异性核酸酶可以是预先描述的mRNA或体外预先产生的蛋白质的形式,或者可以包含在重组载体中以便在靶细胞或体内表达。在一个实施方案中,靶特异性核酸酶(例如,Cas9、Cpf1等)可以是用重组DNA(rDNA)制备的重组蛋白。术语“重组DNA”是指通过遗传重组的人工方法(诸如分子克隆)形成的DNA分子,以将来自多个来源的同源或异源遗传物质汇集在一起。为了在合适的生物体中(体内或体外)表通过达产生靶特异性核酸酶,重组DNA可以具有用最优密码子重构的核苷酸序列,用于在生物体中表达,最优密码子选自编码要生产蛋白质的密码子。
本文使用的靶特异性核酸酶可以是改变形式的突变的靶特异性核酸酶。突变的靶特异性核酸酶可以指缺乏裂解双链DNA的内切核酸酶活性的靶特异性核酸酶,并且可以是例如选自突变为缺乏内切核酸酶活性但保留切口酶活性的突变靶特异性核酸酶和突变为缺乏内切核酸酶和切口酶活性的突变的靶特异性核酸酶中的至少一种。当突变的靶特异性核酸酶具有切口酶活性时,可以通过脱氨酶将切口引入到碱基转化(例如,胞苷向尿苷的转化)的链上,或同时或不考虑顺序地依次地引入到相反链(例如,与发生碱基转化的链配对的链)(例如,在PAM序列的5'末端方向上的第3和4位核苷酸之间引入切口)。因此,靶特异性核酸酶的突变(例如,氨基酸取代等)可至少在核酸酶的催化活性结构域(例如,Cas9的RuvC催化剂结构域)中发生。在一个实施方案中,当靶特异性核酸酶是源自酿脓链球菌的Cas9蛋白(SwissProt登录号Q99ZW2(NP_269215.1);SEQ ID NO:4)时,突变可以是以下至少一个位置处的氨基酸取代:选自由SEQ ID NO:4序列的催化天冬氨酸残基(例如,SEQ ID NO:4的第10位的天冬氨酸(D10)等)、第762位的谷氨酸(E762)、第840位的组氨酸(H840)、第854位的天冬酰胺(N854)、第863位(N863)的天冬酰胺和第986位(D986)的天冬氨酸组成的组。用于取代氨基酸残基的不同氨基酸可以是丙氨酸,但不是限于此。
在另一个实施方案中,突变的靶特异性核酸酶可以是识别不同于野生型Cas9蛋白识别的PAM序列的突变体。例如,突变的靶特异性核酸酶可以是突变体,其中例如酿脓链球菌来源的Cas9蛋白的第1135位(D1135)的天冬氨酸、第1335位的精氨酸(R1335)和第1337位(T1337)的苏氨酸中的三个氨基酸残基中的至少一个被不同的氨基酸取代,以识别不同于野生型Cas9的PAM序列(NGG)的NGA(N是选自A、T、G和C的任何残基)。
在一个实施方案中,突变的靶特异性核酸酶可以具有酿脓链球菌来源的Cas9蛋白的氨基酸序列(SEQ ID NO:4),其上已经进行了氨基酸取代:
(1)D10、H840,或D10+H840;
(2)D1135、R1335和T1337,或D1135+R1335+T1337;或者
(3)(1)和(2)的残基。
如本文所用的,表述“不同的氨基酸”意指选自丙氨酸、异亮氨酸、亮氨酸、蛋氨酸、苯丙氨酸、脯氨酸、色氨酸、缬氨酸、天冬酰胺、半胱氨酸、谷氨酰胺、甘氨酸、丝氨酸、苏氨酸、酪氨酸、天冬氨酸、谷氨酸、精氨酸、组氨酸、赖氨酸及其所有变体,不包括野生型蛋白质中保留在原始取代位置的氨基酸。在一个实施方案中,“不同的氨基酸”可以是丙氨酸、缬氨酸、谷氨酰胺或精氨酸。
在一个实施方案中,突变的靶特异性核酸酶可以是经修饰的Cas9蛋白,其缺乏内切核酸酶活性(例如,但保留切口酶活性,或缺乏内切核酸酶活性和切口酶活性)或识别不同于野生型Cas9识别的PAM序列的PAM序列。例如,经修饰的Cas9蛋白可以是酿脓链球菌来源的Cas9蛋白的突变体(SEQ ID NO:4),其中
(1)将突变(例如,用不同的氨基酸取代)引入D10或H840以缺乏内切核酸酶活性但保留切口酶活性或者将突变引入D10和H840以缺乏内切核酸酶活性和切口酶活性;
(2)将突变(例如,用不同的氨基酸取代)引入D1135、R1335和T1337中的至少一个或全部,以识别不同于野生型的PAM序列;或者
(3)引入(1)和(2)的突变以保留切口酶活性并识别不同于野生型的PAM序列或缺乏内切核酸酶活性和切口酶活性并识别不同于野生型的PAM序列。
举例来说,Cas9蛋白中D10处的突变可以是D10A突变(意味着Cas9蛋白中第10位用A取代D;下文中,以相同方式表达引入Cas9的突变),H840处的突变可能为H840A,并且D1135、R1335和T1337的突变可分别为D1135V、R1335Q和T1337R。
除非本文另有说明,否则术语“核酸酶”是指“靶特异性核酸酶”,例如如上所述的Cas9、Cpf1等。
核酸酶可以从微生物中分离,或者可以是通过重组或合成获得的人工或非天然存在的酶。在一个实施方案中,核酸酶(例如,Cas9、Cpf1等)可以是用重组DNA(rDNA)制备的重组蛋白。术语“重组DNA”是指通过遗传重组的人工方法(诸如分子克隆)形成的DNA分子,以将来自多种生物来源的同源或异源遗传物质汇集在一起。为了通过在合适的生物体中(体内或体外)表达来产生靶特异性核酸酶,例如,重组DNA可以具有用最优密码子重构的核苷酸序列,用于在生物体中表达,最优密码子选自编码要生产蛋白质的密码子。
核酸酶可以以蛋白质、编码其的核酸分子(例如DNA或mRNA)、蛋白质与向导RNA关联的核糖核蛋白、编码核糖核蛋白的核酸分子,或者携带核酸分子的重组载体的形式使用。
脱氨酶和核酸酶,和/或编码其的核酸分子可以是能够转移到细胞核内、在细胞核内起作用和/或在细胞核内表达的形式。
脱氨酶和核酸酶可以采用易于引入细胞的形式。例如,脱氨酶和核酸酶可以与细胞穿透肽和/或蛋白质转导结构域连接。蛋白质转导结构域可以是聚精氨酸或HIV来源的TAT蛋白质,但不限于此。
因为除了所述实例之外还存在各种类型的细胞穿透肽或蛋白质转导结构域,所以本领域技术人员可以在不限制实例的情况下进行各种应用。
另外,脱氨酶和核酸酶,和/或其编码核酸分子可以进一步包含核定位信号(NLS)序列或编码核定位信号序列的核酸序列。因此,包含编码脱氨酶的核酸分子和/或编码核酸酶的核酸分子的表达盒可以进一步包含调节序列,诸如用于表达脱氨酶和/或核酸酶的启动子序列和可选地NLS序列(SEQ ID NO:13)。NLS序列在本领域中是众所周知的。
脱氨酶和核酸酶,和/或其编码核酸可以与用于分离和/或纯化的标签或编码标签的核酸连接。例如,标签可以选自由小肽标签(诸如His标签、Flag标签、S标签等)、GST(谷胱甘肽S-转移酶)标签和MBP(麦芽糖结合蛋白)标签组成的组,但不限于此。
此外,本发明中使用的碱基编辑组合物可以进一步包含尿嘧啶DNA糖基化酶抑制剂(UGI)或其编码基因(以携带编码DNA的重组载体的形式或以体外转录的mRNA的形式)。在碱基编辑组合物中存在尿嘧啶DNA糖基化酶抑制剂与不存在时相比,使得脱氨酶转化特定碱基的比例能够增加(即,通过胞嘧啶脱氨酶从C转化为T)。另一方面,当不进一步包括尿嘧啶DNA糖基化酶抑制剂时,碱基编辑组合物增加除特定碱基(例如,通过胞嘧啶脱氨酶用C取代T)之外的碱基的取代比例(即,在各种碱基上的取代)。在一个实施方案中,尿嘧啶DNA糖基化酶抑制剂可以由SEQ ID NO:12编码,但不限于此。
如本文所用,术语“向导RNA”是指包含靶向序列的RNA,所述靶向序列可与靶基因中靶位点的特定碱基序列(靶序列)杂交,并起到与核酸酶(诸如Cas蛋白、Cpf1等)结合,并在体外或体内(或细胞)将核酸酶向导至靶基因(或靶位点)的作用。
向导RNA可以根据与其复合的核酸酶的种类和/或其来源微生物适当选择。
例如,向导RNA可以是选自由下组成的组中至少一种:
CRISPR RNA(crRNA),包括可与靶序列杂交的区域(靶向序列);
反式激活crRNA(tracrRNA),包括与核酸酶(诸如Cas蛋白、Cpf1等)相互作用的区域;和
单向导RNA(sgRNA),其中crRNA和tracrRNA的主要区域(例如,包含靶向序列的crRNA区域或与核酸酶相互作用的tracrRNA区域)彼此融合。
详细地,向导RNA可以是包括CRISPR RNA(crRNA)和反式激活crRNA(tracrRNA)的双RNA,或包括crRNA和tracrRNA的主要区域的单向导RNA(sgRNA)。
sgRNA可以包括具有与靶基因(靶位点)中的靶序列互补的序列(靶向序列)的区域(称为“间隔区”、“靶DNA识别序列”、“碱基配对区域”等),和用于结合Cas蛋白的发夹结构。更详细地,sgRNA可以包括具有与靶基因中的靶序列互补的序列(靶向序列)的区域,用于结合Cas蛋白的发夹结构和终止子序列。这些部分可以以5'至3'的方向顺序地存在,但不限于此。任何向导RNA都可以用于本发明内容,只要它包括crRNA和tracrRNA的主要区域和与靶DNA的互补序列。
例如,为了编辑靶基因,Cas9蛋白需要两个向导RNA,即具有可与靶基因中的靶位点杂交的核苷酸序列的CRISPR RNA(crRNA)和与Cas9蛋白相互作用的反式激活crRNA(tracrRNA)。在这种情况下,crRNA和tracrRNA可以彼此偶联以形成crRNA:tracrRNA双链体或通过接头彼此连接,使得RNA可以以单向导RNA(sgRNA)的形式使用。在一个实施方案中,当使用来自酿脓链球菌的Cas9蛋白时,sgRNA可以形成发夹结构(茎-环结构),其中具有可杂交的核苷酸序列的全部或部分crRNA通过接头连接至包括与Cas9蛋白相互作用区域的整体或部分tracrRNA(负责环结构)。
向导RNA,特别是crRNA或sgRNA,包括与靶基因中的靶序列互补的靶向序列,并且可以在crRNA或sgRNA的上游区域,特别是在sgRNA的5'末端或双RNA的crRNA的5'末端含有一个或多个,例如1-10、1-5或1-3个额外的核苷酸。另外的核苷酸可以是鸟嘌呤(G),但不限于此。
在另一个实施方案中,当核酸酶是Cpf1时,向导RNA可以包括crRNA,并且可以根据与其复合的Cpf1蛋白的种类和/或其来源微生物适当选择。
向导RNA的具体序列可以根据核酸酶(Cas9或Cpf1)的种类(即其来源微生物)适当选择,并且是本领域技术人员容易理解的可选物质。
当使用酿脓链球菌来源的Cas9蛋白作为靶特异性核酸酶时,crRNA可以由以下通式1表示:
5'-(Ncas9)l-(GUUUUAGAGCUA)-(Xcas9)m-3'(通式1)
其中,
Ncas9是靶向序列,即根据靶基因中靶位点的序列确定的区域(即,与靶位点的序列可杂交的序列),l表示在靶序列中包括的核苷酸数目,并且是15至30、17至23或18至22的整数,例如20;
包含与靶向序列的3'末端相邻的12个连续核苷酸(GUUUUAGAGCUA;SEQ ID NO:1)的区域对于crRNA是必需的,
Xcas9是包含存在于crRNA的3'末端位点的m个核苷酸的区域(即,存在于必需区域的3'末端附近),并且
m可以是8至12的整数,例如11,其中,m个核苷酸可以相同或不同并且独立地选自由A、U、C和G组成的组。
在一个实施方案中,Xcas9可包括但不限于UGCUGUUUUG(SEQ ID NO:2)。
另外,tracrRNA可以由以下通式2表示:
5'-(Ycas9)p-(UAGCAAGUUAAAAUAAGGCUAGUCCGUUAUCAACUUGAAAAAGUGGCACCGAGUCGGUGC)-3'(通式2)
其中,
由60个核苷酸(UAGCAAGUUAAAAUAAGGCUAGUCCGUUAUCAACUUGAAAAAGUGGCACCGAGUCGGUGC;SEQ ID NO:3)代表的区域对于tracrRNA是必需的,
Ycas9是包含与3'末端必需区域的相邻的p个核苷酸的区域,并且
p可以是6至20的整数,例如8至19,其中,p个核苷酸可以相同或不同并且独立地选自由A、U、C和G组成的组。
进一步地,sgRNA可以形成发夹结构(茎-环结构),其中包含靶向序列及其必需区域的crRNA部分与包含其必需区域(60个核苷酸)的tracrRNA部分通过寡核苷酸接头彼此连接(环结构的原因)。更详细地,sgRNA可具有发夹结构,其中包含靶向序列和其必需区域的crRNA部分与包括其必需区域的tracrRNA部分偶联以形成双链RNA分子,其通过寡核苷酸接头在crRNA部分的3'末端和tracrRNA部分的5'末端之间连接。
在一个实施方案中,sgRNA可以由以下通式3表示:
5'-(Ncas9)l-(GUUUUAGAGCUA)-(寡核苷酸接头)-(UAGCAAGUUAAAAUAAGGCUAGUCCGUUAUCAACUUGAAAAAGUGGCACCGAGUCGGUGC)-3'(通式3)
其中,(Ncas9)l是由通式1定义的靶向序列。
包含在sgRNA中的寡核苷酸接头可以是3-5个核苷酸长,例如4个核苷酸长,其中核苷酸可以相同或不同并且独立地选自由A、U、C和G组成的组。
crRNA或sgRNA可以在其5'末端(即,crRNA的靶向序列的5'末端)进一步含有1至3个鸟嘌呤(G)。
tracrRNA或sgRNA可以进一步包含终止子,其包含在tracrRNA的必需区域(60nt长)的3'末端的5至7个尿嘧啶(U)残基。
向导RNA的靶序列可以是约17个至约23个或约18个至约22个,例如,与靶DNA上的PAM(前间隔序列邻近基序(对于酿脓链球菌Cas9,5'-NGG-3'(N是A、T、G或C))的5'末端相邻的20个连续核苷酸。
如本文所用的,与向导RNA的靶序列可杂交的向导RNA的术语“靶向序列”是指与靶序列存在的DNA链的互补链(即具有PAM序列的DNA链)(5'-NGG-3'(N是A、T、G或C)))的核苷酸序列的序列互补性为50%或更高、60%或更高、70%或更高、80%或更高、90%或更高、95%或更高、99%或更高,或100%并因此可以与互补链的核苷酸序列互补地偶联的核苷酸序列。
在说明书中,靶位点处核酸序列由靶基因区域中两条DNA链中存在PAM序列的那条链表示。在这方面,向导RNA偶联的DNA链与存在PAM序列的链互补。因此,包括在向导RNA中的靶向序列具有与靶位点的序列相同的核酸序列,除了由于RNA特性而使用U代替T。换句话说,在说明书中,除了T和U互换,向导RNA的靶向序列和靶序列由相同的核酸序列表示。
向导RNA可以以RNA的形式(或可以包含在组合物中)使用或以携带编码该RNA的DNA的质粒的形式(或可以包含在组合物中)使用。
有益效果
如说明书中所述,碱基编辑(例如,单核苷酸取代)可以通过显微注射或电穿孔将例如mRNA和RNP形式的脱氨酶和靶特异性核酸酶引入哺乳动物(例如鼠)细胞来进行。当在哺乳动物胚胎中进行这种碱基编辑时,胚胎可以成功地发育成具有由碱基编辑诱导的点突变的幼崽。总之,结果表明脱氨酶和靶特异性核酸酶可用于构建各种诱导单个氨基酸取代和无义突变的动物模型,并且可应用于编辑人胚胎中的遗传缺陷。
附图说明
图1a至1e涉及通过胞苷脱氨酶介导的碱基编辑产生的肌营养不良蛋白缺陷型突变小鼠,
图1a显示肌营养不良蛋白基因座(Dmd)中靶位点处的核苷酸序列(PAM序列和sgRNA靶序列分别以蓝色和黑色显示,并且用胞苷脱氨酶介导的碱基编辑的核苷酸以红色显示),
图1b显示了新生幼崽的Dmd基因中靶位点处的核苷酸序列的比对,新生幼崽是通过将碱基编辑器3(BE3)(rAPOBEC1-nCas9-UGI)编码mRNA和可与图1a的Dmd基因的靶序列杂交的sgRNA显微注射到小鼠受精卵中之后得到的(Wt,野生型;靶序列加下划线;PAM序列和取代的核苷酸分别以蓝色和红色显示;右侧的列显示突变体(碱基取代的)等位基因的频率(%)并且“-”代表相应位置缺失核苷酸(缺失);左边的数字表示Dmd突变小鼠编号),
图1c显示来自野生型和Dmd突变小鼠D108的DNA的Sanger测序色谱图(箭头指示经取代的核苷酸,显示通过碱基取代将Gln密码子转化为终止密码子),
图1d显示来自野生型和Dmd突变小鼠D108的胫骨前肌(TA)肌肉的组织学分析(荧光分析)结果(层粘连蛋白:对照;从4周龄野生型或Dmd突变小鼠D108解剖并冷冻于液氮冷却的异戊烷中的肌肉;比例尺:50μm)。
图1e总结了在Dmd基因的靶位点诱导碱基取代的过程和结果。
图2a至2e涉及通过胞苷脱氨酶介导的碱基编辑产生白化病小鼠,
图2a显示酪氨酸酶基因(Tyr)中靶位点处的核苷酸序列(PAM序列(NGG)和sgRNA靶序列分别以蓝色和黑色显示;被胞苷脱氨酶介导的碱基编辑取代的核苷酸以红色显示),
图2b显示了新生幼崽的Tyr基因的靶位点处的核苷酸序列的比对,新生幼崽是通过电穿孔将碱基编辑器3(BE3)(rAPOBEC1-nCas9-UGI)RNP(BE3和与图2a的Tyr基因的靶序列杂交的sgRNA的复合物)引入小鼠受精卵后得到的(Wt,野生型;靶序列加下划线;PAM序列和取代分别以蓝色和红色显示;右侧列显示突变体(碱基取代的)等位基因的频率(%)并且“-”代表相应位置缺失核苷酸(缺失);左边的数字表示Tyr突变小鼠编号),
图2c显示来自野生型和Tyr突变小鼠T113和T114的DNA的Sanger测序色谱图(箭头表示经取代的核苷酸,显示通过碱基取代将Gln密码子转化为终止密码子),
图2d显示了在BE3 RNP的电穿孔后得到的Tyr突变新生幼仔眼中的白化表型(箭头所示的T113和T114),
图2e总结了在Tyr基因的靶位点诱导碱基取代的过程和结果。
图3a和3b是在胚泡的靶基因(Dmd和Tyr)中的靶位点处的核苷酸序列的比对,胚泡是通过将编码BE3的mRNA和sgRNA显微注射到小鼠受精卵中后得到的,显示通过其中的BE3(脱氨酶-Cas9)mRNA和sgRNA的显微注射诱导小鼠胚胎中的靶向突变(3a:Dmd突变结果;3b:Tyr突变结果;Wt,野生型;靶序列加下划线;PAM序列和取代分别以蓝色和红色显示;右边的栏表示突变体(碱基取代的)等位基因的频率(%)并且“-”代表相应位置缺失核苷酸(缺失);左边的数字表示Tyr突变体小鼠编号),
图3显示来自野生型和Dmd突变小鼠的DNA的Sanger测序色谱图(箭头指示经取代的核苷酸)。
图4是测试在潜在的脱靶位点是否产生Dmd突变后的结果图,显示在脱靶位点处没有可检测地诱导脱靶突变(靶向深度测序用于测量在Dmd突变小鼠中潜在的脱靶位点的突变体比率(碱基编辑效率)(%)(n=3);错配的核苷酸和PAM序列分别以红色和蓝色显示)。
图5是测试在潜在的脱靶位点是否产生Tyr突变后的结果图,显示在脱靶位点处没有可检测地诱导脱靶突变(靶向深度测序用于测量在Tyr突变小鼠中潜在的脱靶位点的突变体比率(碱基编码效率)(%)(n=2);错配的核苷酸和PAM序列分别以红色和蓝色显示)。
图6是pCMV-BE3载体的酶切图。
图7是pET-Hisx6-rAPOBEC1-XTEN-nCas9-UGI-NLS载体的酶切图。
具体实施方式
以下,将通过实施例详细描述本发明。以下实施例仅用于说明本发明,而不应解释为限制本发明。
实施例1:BE3 mRNA的制备
通过从pCMV-BE3(Addgene;目录号#73021;图6)消化分离后,将rAPOBEC1-XTEN(接头)和UGI(尿嘧啶DNA糖基化酶抑制剂)插入pET-nCas9(D10A)-NLS载体(参见Cho,S.W.etal.Analysis of off-target effects of CRISPR/Cas-derived RNA-guidedendonucleases and nickases.Genome Res 24,132-141(2014))以构建pET-Hisx6-rAPOBEC1-XTEN-nCas9-UGI-NLS(SEQ ID NO:7;图7)然后,将其用作BE3 mRNA模板。
pET-Hisx6-rAPOBEC1-XTEN-nCas9-UGI-NLS(SEQ ID NO:7)中各个区域的序列总结如下:
His x6:SEQ ID NO:8;
rAPOBEC1:SEQ ID NO:9;
XTEN(接头):SEQ ID NO:10;
nCas9(D10A):SEQ ID NO:11;
接头:TCTGGTGGTTCT(SEQ ID NO:14)
UGI:SEQ ID NO:12;
接头:TCTGGTGGTTCT(SEQ ID NO:14)
NLS:SEQ ID NO:13。
在引物(F:5'-GGT GAT GTC GGC GAT ATA GG-3',R:5'-CCC CAA GGG GTT ATGCTA GT-3')存在下借助于Phusion高保真DNA聚合酶(Thermo Scientific)在pET-Hisx6-rAPOBEC1-XTEN-nCas9-UGI-NLS载体上进行PCR。以制备mRNA模板。从制备的mRNA模板中,使用体外RNA转录试剂盒(mMESSAGE mMACHINE T7 Ultra试剂盒,Ambion)合成BE3 mRNA,然后用MEGAclear试剂盒(Ambion)纯化。
实施例2:sgRNA的制备
合成具有以下核苷酸序列的靶向肌营养不良蛋白基因Dmd和酪氨酸酶基因Tyr的向导RNA(sgRNA)并用于后续实验:
5'-(靶序列)-(GUUUUAGAGCUA;SEQ ID NO:1)-(核苷酸接头)-(UAGCAAGUUAAAAUAAGGCUAGUCCGUUAUCAACUUGAAAAAGUGGCACCGAGUCGGUGC;SEQ ID NO:3)-3'
(除了“T”被转换为“U”,靶序列与图1a(Dmd)或图2a(Tyr)中的下划线核苷酸序列的序列相同,并且
核苷酸接头具有GAAA的核苷酸序列)。
使用T7RNA聚合酶通过体外转录构建sgRNA(参见Cho,S.W.,Kim,S.,Kim,J.M.&Kim,J.S.Targeted genome engineering in human cells with the Cas9RNA-guidedendonuclease.Nat Biotechnol 31,230-232(2013))。
实施例3:核糖核蛋白(RNP)的制备
用参考实施例1中制备的pET28-Hisx6-rAPOBEC1-XTEN-nCas9(D10A)-UGI-NLS(BE3)表达载体转化Rosetta感受态细胞(EMD Millipore),然后用0.5mM异丙基β-D-1硫代吡喃半乳糖苷(IPTG)在18℃下孵育12至14小时以诱导表达。蛋白质表达后,通过离心收获细菌细胞,并通过在裂解缓冲液[50mM NaH2PO4(pH 8.0)、300mM NaCl、10mM咪唑、1%TritonX-100、1mM PMSF、1mM DTT和1mg/ml溶菌酶]中超声处理裂解细胞沉淀。
将由此获得的细胞裂解物在5251xg下离心30分钟以除去细胞碎片。将可溶性裂解物与Ni-NTA珠(Qiagen)在4℃孵育1小时。随后,用洗涤缓冲液[50mM NaH2PO4(pH 8.0)、300mM NaCl和20mM咪唑]洗涤Ni-NTA珠子三次,然后用洗脱缓冲液[50mM Tris-HCl(pH7.6)、150-500mM NaCl、10-25%甘油和0.2M咪唑]洗脱BE3蛋白质。将经纯化的BE3蛋白质用储存缓冲液[20mM HEPES(pH 7.5)、150mM KCl、1mM DTT和10%甘油]透析,并使用Ultracell 100K纤维素柱(Millipore)浓缩。通过SDS-PAGE分析蛋白质的纯度。如实施例3中所述,使用T7RNA聚合酶通过体外转录制备SgRNA。
实施例4:动物的制备
经首尔国立大学机构动物护理和使用委员会(IACUC)批准后,对小鼠进行实验。将小鼠维持在SPF(无特定病原体)条件下,具有12/12小时光/暗循环。C57BL/6J和ICR小鼠用作胚胎供体和代孕母亲。
实施例5:显微注射和电穿孔到小鼠受精卵中
参考“Hur,J.K.et al.,Targeted mutagenesis in mice by electroporationof Cpf1 ribonucleoproteins.Nat Biotechnol 34,807-808(2016)”进行超排卵、胚胎收集、显微注射和电穿孔。
对于显微注射,将含有BE3 mRNA(10ng/μl)和sgRNA(100ng/μl)复合物的溶液在DEPC处理的注射缓冲液(0.25mM EDTA、10mM Tris,pH 7.4)中稀释(参见Sung,Y.H.etal.Highly efficient gene knockout in mice and zebrafish with RNA-guidedendonucleases.Genome Res 24,125-131(2014))然后在尼康ECLIPSE Ti显微操作器和FemtoJet 4i显微注射器(Eppendorf)的帮助下注射到受精的单细胞阶段受精卵的原核中。
对于电穿孔,使用NEPA 21电穿孔仪(NEPA GENE Co.Ltd.)通过电穿孔将BE3-sgRNA RNP复合物引入单细胞小鼠胚胎,所述电穿孔仪包括填充有100μl含有BE3-sgRNARNP复合物(分别为10μg/100μl和6.5μg/100μl)的opti-MEM(Thermo Fisher Scientific)的玻璃室。(参见Hur,J.K.et al.Targeted mutagenesis in mice by electroporationof Cpf1 ribonucleoproteins.Nat Biotechnol 34,807-808(2016))。
在BE3 RNP或mRNA转移后,将胚胎在KSOM+AA(Millipore)的微滴中在37℃下在5%CO2的湿润条件下培养4天。将双细胞期胚胎移植到0.5-dpc假妊娠代孕母亲的输卵管中。
该过程总结在下面的图表中:
实施例6:基因分型
对于PCR基因分型,参考实施例4中从胚胎移植到输卵管获得的囊胚阶段胚胎或从新生幼崽的耳夹中提取基因组DNA,并进行靶向深度测序和Sanger测序。
实施例7:靶向深度测序
在该实施例中,如下使用靶向深度测序分析核苷酸序列。
借助于Phusion聚合酶(Thermo Fisher Scientific)从参考实施例5中提取的基因组DNA扩增靶位点或脱靶位点。使用Illumina MiSeq(委托LAS,Inc.(韩国)进行的)进行PCR扩增子的配对末端测序。用于扩增脱靶位点的引物在表1和2中给出。
[表1]
用于在Dmd靶向的sgRNA的潜在脱靶位点进行靶向深度测序的引物
[表2]
用于在Tyr靶向的sgRNA的潜在脱靶位点进行靶向深度测序的引物
实施例8:免疫荧光染色
从小鼠切除的胫骨前肌(TA)肌肉切片用层粘连蛋白或肌营养不良蛋白抗体进行免疫染色。依次使用1:500稀释的兔多克隆抗体(abcam,ab11575)和1:1000稀释的AlexaFluor 568抗兔二抗(Thermo Fisher Scientific)检测层粘连蛋白。对于肌营养不良蛋白检测,依次使用1:500稀释的兔多克隆抗体(abcam,ab15277)和1:1000稀释的Alexa Fluor488抗兔二抗(Thermo Fisher Scientific)。用Leica DMI4000B荧光显微镜观察免疫荧光染色的切片。
实施例9:具有用BE3诱导的突变的小鼠胚胎的测序
如实施例1-5中所述,通过显微注射将碱基编辑器3(BE3)(rAPOBEC1-nCas9-UGI)引入小鼠胚胎细胞,以在肌营养不良蛋白编码基因Dmd和酪氨酸酶编码基因Tyr的每一种中诱导点突变。
如图1a(Dmd)和图2a(Tyr)所示,终止密码子的产生将通过每个基因中靶位点(图1a和2a中上面的序列的下划线序列位点)的单碱基取代(C→T)来预测(在图1a和2a中,在下面的核苷酸序列上发生单碱基取代,其中取代的(C→T)碱基显示为红色)。
图1e和2e显示了靶特异性单碱基取代(显微注射或电穿孔)过程的概述及其结果。如图1e和图2e所示,在Dmd和Tyr基因的靶位点处观察到胚胎突变,频率为73%(Dmd为15个中有11个突变)和100%(Tyr为10个中有10个突变)。
此外,通过靶向深度测序鉴定了通过显微注射BE3 mRNA和sgRNA诱导突变的小鼠胚胎中靶位点的核苷酸序列。更详细地,通过将小鼠BE3(rAPOBEC1-nCas9-UGI)mRNA和sgRNA显微注射到小鼠胚胎中诱导靶特异性突变。为此,将编码BE3的mRNA和sgRNA显微注射到小鼠受精卵中,然后比对所得胚泡中靶基因(Dmd和Tyr)中靶位点的核苷酸序列。
[Dmd靶向的mRNA显微注射的突变结果]
[Tyr靶向的mRNA显微注射的突变结果]
(Wt,野生型;靶序列用下划线表示;PAM序列(NGG)用粗体表示;经取代碱基用粗体加下划线;右边的栏表示突变体(碱基取代)等位基因的频率(%)和“-”代表相应位置缺失核苷酸(缺失);左边的数字是经突变的小鼠胚胎细胞编号)
从比对序列可以理解,C→T碱基取代是两个基因(Dmd和Tyr)中两个靶位点的主要突变模式。
实施例10:通过显微注射BE3和Dmd靶向的sgRNA的小鼠受试对象中突变的鉴定和诱导
在显微注射BE3 mRNA和Dmd靶向的sgRNA后,将小鼠胚胎移植到寄养代孕母亲的输卵管中(参见实施例5),得到在其Dmd基因上具有点突变的突变新生幼崽(F0)。
图1b和3显示了新生幼崽的靶基因(Dmd)中靶位点的核苷酸序列的分析结果,新生幼崽通过将BE3(rAPOBEC1-nCas9-UGI)编码mRNA和与Dmd中靶位点的核苷酸序列杂交的sgRNA注入小鼠受精卵后得到的。如在图1b中可以看到的那样,当在Dmd基因中诱导点突变时,总共9只小鼠中的5个(D102、D103、D107、D108和D109)在Dmd基因的靶位点处具有突变。在五只突变小鼠中,发现三只受试对象(D102、D103和D108)具有一个或两个突变等位基因并且缺乏野生型等位性特征。另外两只突变小鼠(D107和D109)以10%的频率马赛克模式(mosaic pattern)保留野生型等位基因。另外,如图1b和3所示,突变小鼠D109显示20碱基对(bp)缺失而非点突变,这证明BE3中包含的Cas9切口酶保留了在靶位点诱导插入缺失的活性。
图1c显示野生型小鼠和Dmd突变小鼠D108的靶基因中靶位点的Sanger测序色谱图。如图1c所示,缺少野生型等位基因的突变F0小鼠D108具有通过单碱基取代(C→T)向其Dmd基因引入的早期终止密码子(TAG)。
图1d显示来自野生型小鼠和Dmd突变小鼠D108的免疫荧光染色的TA肌肉切片的图像(参见实施例8),表明肌营养不良蛋白几乎不在突变体受试者的肌肉中表达(D108)。结果表明Dmd基因通过注射(显微注射BE3 mRNA和Dmd靶向sgRNA)被成功敲低。
实施例11:通过电穿孔包含BE3和sgRNA的小鼠胚胎中突变的鉴定和诱导
将实施例3中制备的BE3核糖核蛋白(RNP)(包括重组BE3蛋白和体外转录的sgRNA的混合物(rAPOBEC1-nCas9(D10A)-UGI RNP))通过电穿孔转移至小鼠胚胎(参见实施例5)。电穿孔后4天,分析小鼠胚胎的靶基因(Dmd和Tyr)中靶位点的核苷酸序列,结果如下:
[Dmd,RNP电穿孔突变结果]
[Tyr,RNP电穿孔突变结果]
(Wt,野生型;靶序列用下划线表示;PAM序列(NGG)用粗体表示;经取代碱基用粗体加下划线;右边的栏表示突变体(碱基取代)等位基因的频率(%)和“-”代表相应位置缺失核苷酸(缺失);左边的数字是经突变的小鼠胚胎细胞编号)
从结果和图1e和2e中可以看出,电穿孔在胚泡胚胎中的Dmd和Tyr靶位点诱导突变,其频率为81%(Dmd为16个中有13个突变)和85%(Tyr为13个中有11个突变)。
实施例12:通过电穿孔BE3和Tyr靶向sgRNA鉴定和诱导小鼠受试对象中的突变
电穿孔BE3和Tyr靶向的sgRNA后,将小鼠胚胎移植到代孕母亲的输卵管中(参见实施例5),得到在其Tyr基因上具有点突变的小鼠(F0)。
图2b显示了由此获得的突变新生幼崽的Tyr基因中靶位点处的核苷酸序列的比对。如图2b所示,在所有七只突变新生幼崽(T110、T111、T112、T113、T114、T117和T118)的Tyr基因的靶位点诱导了各种突变。
图2c显示了野生型小鼠和突变新生幼崽(T113和T114)的靶基因中靶位点的Sanger测序色谱图。如所见,突变新生幼崽具有通过单碱基取代(C→T)引入靶位点的终止密码子(TAG)。
图2d显示突变小鼠的眼睛的表型,在突变小鼠(T113和T114)中表现出眼白化病。结果表明,通过引入(电穿孔)BE3 mRNA和Tyr靶向sgRNA的RNP成功地敲低了Tyr基因。
实施例13:脱靶效应的测定
为了测定BE3的脱靶效应,使用Cas-OFFinder(http://www.rgenome.net/cas-offinder/)在小鼠基因组中发现了具有多达3个核苷酸错配的潜在脱靶位点,并使用靶向深度测序分析从突变新生幼仔分离的基因组DNA。
用于靶向深度测序的sgRNA序列和引物序列总结于下表3中。
[表3]
在小鼠基因组中鉴定的脱靶位点和靶向深度测序结果在表4(Dmd)和表5(Tyr)以及在图4(Dmd)和图5(Tyr)中给出。
[表4]
小鼠基因组中Dmd靶位点的脱靶位点(Dmd-On:Dmd的中靶位点;Dmd-OT:Dmd的脱靶位点)
[表5]
小鼠基因组中Tyr靶位点的脱靶位点(Tyr-On:Tyr的中靶位点;Tyr-OT:Tyr的脱靶位点)
(在表5和表6中,具有中靶序列的脱靶位点中的错配核苷酸以小写字母表示:3'端的NGG为PAM序列)
从表4和表5以及图4和图5中可以看出,观察到该测定中使用的中靶位点不诱导显著的脱靶突变,证明靶向中靶位点的BE3系统对于体内靶标是显著特异的。
<110> 基础科学研究院
<120> 用于动物胚胎碱基编辑的组合物和碱基编辑方法
<130> OPP20175580KR
<150> 10-2016-0178429
<151> 2016-12-23
<160> 63
<170> KopatentIn 3.0
<210> 1
<211> 12
<212> RNA
<213> 人工序列
<220>
<223> crRNA的必需部分
<400> 1
guuuuagagc ua 12
<210> 2
<211> 10
<212> RNA
<213> 人工序列
<220>
<223> crRNA的3'末端部分
<400> 2
ugcuguuuug 10
<210> 3
<211> 60
<212> RNA
<213> 人工序列
<220>
<223> tracrRNA的必需部分
<400> 3
uagcaaguua aaauaaggcu aguccguuau caacuugaaa aaguggcacc gagucggugc 60
60
<210> 4
<211> 1368
<212> PRT
<213> 人工序列
<220>
<223> 来自酿脓链球菌的Cas9
<400> 4
Met Asp Lys Lys Tyr Ser Ile Gly Leu Asp Ile Gly Thr Asn Ser Val
1 5 10 15
Gly Trp Ala Val Ile Thr Asp Glu Tyr Lys Val Pro Ser Lys Lys Phe
20 25 30
Lys Val Leu Gly Asn Thr Asp Arg His Ser Ile Lys Lys Asn Leu Ile
35 40 45
Gly Ala Leu Leu Phe Asp Ser Gly Glu Thr Ala Glu Ala Thr Arg Leu
50 55 60
Lys Arg Thr Ala Arg Arg Arg Tyr Thr Arg Arg Lys Asn Arg Ile Cys
65 70 75 80
Tyr Leu Gln Glu Ile Phe Ser Asn Glu Met Ala Lys Val Asp Asp Ser
85 90 95
Phe Phe His Arg Leu Glu Glu Ser Phe Leu Val Glu Glu Asp Lys Lys
100 105 110
His Glu Arg His Pro Ile Phe Gly Asn Ile Val Asp Glu Val Ala Tyr
115 120 125
His Glu Lys Tyr Pro Thr Ile Tyr His Leu Arg Lys Lys Leu Val Asp
130 135 140
Ser Thr Asp Lys Ala Asp Leu Arg Leu Ile Tyr Leu Ala Leu Ala His
145 150 155 160
Met Ile Lys Phe Arg Gly His Phe Leu Ile Glu Gly Asp Leu Asn Pro
165 170 175
Asp Asn Ser Asp Val Asp Lys Leu Phe Ile Gln Leu Val Gln Thr Tyr
180 185 190
Asn Gln Leu Phe Glu Glu Asn Pro Ile Asn Ala Ser Gly Val Asp Ala
195 200 205
Lys Ala Ile Leu Ser Ala Arg Leu Ser Lys Ser Arg Arg Leu Glu Asn
210 215 220
Leu Ile Ala Gln Leu Pro Gly Glu Lys Lys Asn Gly Leu Phe Gly Asn
225 230 235 240
Leu Ile Ala Leu Ser Leu Gly Leu Thr Pro Asn Phe Lys Ser Asn Phe
245 250 255
Asp Leu Ala Glu Asp Ala Lys Leu Gln Leu Ser Lys Asp Thr Tyr Asp
260 265 270
Asp Asp Leu Asp Asn Leu Leu Ala Gln Ile Gly Asp Gln Tyr Ala Asp
275 280 285
Leu Phe Leu Ala Ala Lys Asn Leu Ser Asp Ala Ile Leu Leu Ser Asp
290 295 300
Ile Leu Arg Val Asn Thr Glu Ile Thr Lys Ala Pro Leu Ser Ala Ser
305 310 315 320
Met Ile Lys Arg Tyr Asp Glu His His Gln Asp Leu Thr Leu Leu Lys
325 330 335
Ala Leu Val Arg Gln Gln Leu Pro Glu Lys Tyr Lys Glu Ile Phe Phe
340 345 350
Asp Gln Ser Lys Asn Gly Tyr Ala Gly Tyr Ile Asp Gly Gly Ala Ser
355 360 365
Gln Glu Glu Phe Tyr Lys Phe Ile Lys Pro Ile Leu Glu Lys Met Asp
370 375 380
Gly Thr Glu Glu Leu Leu Val Lys Leu Asn Arg Glu Asp Leu Leu Arg
385 390 395 400
Lys Gln Arg Thr Phe Asp Asn Gly Ser Ile Pro His Gln Ile His Leu
405 410 415
Gly Glu Leu His Ala Ile Leu Arg Arg Gln Glu Asp Phe Tyr Pro Phe
420 425 430
Leu Lys Asp Asn Arg Glu Lys Ile Glu Lys Ile Leu Thr Phe Arg Ile
435 440 445
Pro Tyr Tyr Val Gly Pro Leu Ala Arg Gly Asn Ser Arg Phe Ala Trp
450 455 460
Met Thr Arg Lys Ser Glu Glu Thr Ile Thr Pro Trp Asn Phe Glu Glu
465 470 475 480
Val Val Asp Lys Gly Ala Ser Ala Gln Ser Phe Ile Glu Arg Met Thr
485 490 495
Asn Phe Asp Lys Asn Leu Pro Asn Glu Lys Val Leu Pro Lys His Ser
500 505 510
Leu Leu Tyr Glu Tyr Phe Thr Val Tyr Asn Glu Leu Thr Lys Val Lys
515 520 525
Tyr Val Thr Glu Gly Met Arg Lys Pro Ala Phe Leu Ser Gly Glu Gln
530 535 540
Lys Lys Ala Ile Val Asp Leu Leu Phe Lys Thr Asn Arg Lys Val Thr
545 550 555 560
Val Lys Gln Leu Lys Glu Asp Tyr Phe Lys Lys Ile Glu Cys Phe Asp
565 570 575
Ser Val Glu Ile Ser Gly Val Glu Asp Arg Phe Asn Ala Ser Leu Gly
580 585 590
Thr Tyr His Asp Leu Leu Lys Ile Ile Lys Asp Lys Asp Phe Leu Asp
595 600 605
Asn Glu Glu Asn Glu Asp Ile Leu Glu Asp Ile Val Leu Thr Leu Thr
610 615 620
Leu Phe Glu Asp Arg Glu Met Ile Glu Glu Arg Leu Lys Thr Tyr Ala
625 630 635 640
His Leu Phe Asp Asp Lys Val Met Lys Gln Leu Lys Arg Arg Arg Tyr
645 650 655
Thr Gly Trp Gly Arg Leu Ser Arg Lys Leu Ile Asn Gly Ile Arg Asp
660 665 670
Lys Gln Ser Gly Lys Thr Ile Leu Asp Phe Leu Lys Ser Asp Gly Phe
675 680 685
Ala Asn Arg Asn Phe Met Gln Leu Ile His Asp Asp Ser Leu Thr Phe
690 695 700
Lys Glu Asp Ile Gln Lys Ala Gln Val Ser Gly Gln Gly Asp Ser Leu
705 710 715 720
His Glu His Ile Ala Asn Leu Ala Gly Ser Pro Ala Ile Lys Lys Gly
725 730 735
Ile Leu Gln Thr Val Lys Val Val Asp Glu Leu Val Lys Val Met Gly
740 745 750
Arg His Lys Pro Glu Asn Ile Val Ile Glu Met Ala Arg Glu Asn Gln
755 760 765
Thr Thr Gln Lys Gly Gln Lys Asn Ser Arg Glu Arg Met Lys Arg Ile
770 775 780
Glu Glu Gly Ile Lys Glu Leu Gly Ser Gln Ile Leu Lys Glu His Pro
785 790 795 800
Val Glu Asn Thr Gln Leu Gln Asn Glu Lys Leu Tyr Leu Tyr Tyr Leu
805 810 815
Gln Asn Gly Arg Asp Met Tyr Val Asp Gln Glu Leu Asp Ile Asn Arg
820 825 830
Leu Ser Asp Tyr Asp Val Asp His Ile Val Pro Gln Ser Phe Leu Lys
835 840 845
Asp Asp Ser Ile Asp Asn Lys Val Leu Thr Arg Ser Asp Lys Asn Arg
850 855 860
Gly Lys Ser Asp Asn Val Pro Ser Glu Glu Val Val Lys Lys Met Lys
865 870 875 880
Asn Tyr Trp Arg Gln Leu Leu Asn Ala Lys Leu Ile Thr Gln Arg Lys
885 890 895
Phe Asp Asn Leu Thr Lys Ala Glu Arg Gly Gly Leu Ser Glu Leu Asp
900 905 910
Lys Ala Gly Phe Ile Lys Arg Gln Leu Val Glu Thr Arg Gln Ile Thr
915 920 925
Lys His Val Ala Gln Ile Leu Asp Ser Arg Met Asn Thr Lys Tyr Asp
930 935 940
Glu Asn Asp Lys Leu Ile Arg Glu Val Lys Val Ile Thr Leu Lys Ser
945 950 955 960
Lys Leu Val Ser Asp Phe Arg Lys Asp Phe Gln Phe Tyr Lys Val Arg
965 970 975
Glu Ile Asn Asn Tyr His His Ala His Asp Ala Tyr Leu Asn Ala Val
980 985 990
Val Gly Thr Ala Leu Ile Lys Lys Tyr Pro Lys Leu Glu Ser Glu Phe
995 1000 1005
Val Tyr Gly Asp Tyr Lys Val Tyr Asp Val Arg Lys Met Ile Ala Lys
1010 1015 1020
Ser Glu Gln Glu Ile Gly Lys Ala Thr Ala Lys Tyr Phe Phe Tyr Ser
1025 1030 1035 1040
Asn Ile Met Asn Phe Phe Lys Thr Glu Ile Thr Leu Ala Asn Gly Glu
1045 1050 1055
Ile Arg Lys Arg Pro Leu Ile Glu Thr Asn Gly Glu Thr Gly Glu Ile
1060 1065 1070
Val Trp Asp Lys Gly Arg Asp Phe Ala Thr Val Arg Lys Val Leu Ser
1075 1080 1085
Met Pro Gln Val Asn Ile Val Lys Lys Thr Glu Val Gln Thr Gly Gly
1090 1095 1100
Phe Ser Lys Glu Ser Ile Leu Pro Lys Arg Asn Ser Asp Lys Leu Ile
1105 1110 1115 1120
Ala Arg Lys Lys Asp Trp Asp Pro Lys Lys Tyr Gly Gly Phe Asp Ser
1125 1130 1135
Pro Thr Val Ala Tyr Ser Val Leu Val Val Ala Lys Val Glu Lys Gly
1140 1145 1150
Lys Ser Lys Lys Leu Lys Ser Val Lys Glu Leu Leu Gly Ile Thr Ile
1155 1160 1165
Met Glu Arg Ser Ser Phe Glu Lys Asn Pro Ile Asp Phe Leu Glu Ala
1170 1175 1180
Lys Gly Tyr Lys Glu Val Lys Lys Asp Leu Ile Ile Lys Leu Pro Lys
1185 1190 1195 1200
Tyr Ser Leu Phe Glu Leu Glu Asn Gly Arg Lys Arg Met Leu Ala Ser
1205 1210 1215
Ala Gly Glu Leu Gln Lys Gly Asn Glu Leu Ala Leu Pro Ser Lys Tyr
1220 1225 1230
Val Asn Phe Leu Tyr Leu Ala Ser His Tyr Glu Lys Leu Lys Gly Ser
1235 1240 1245
Pro Glu Asp Asn Glu Gln Lys Gln Leu Phe Val Glu Gln His Lys His
1250 1255 1260
Tyr Leu Asp Glu Ile Ile Glu Gln Ile Ser Glu Phe Ser Lys Arg Val
1265 1270 1275 1280
Ile Leu Ala Asp Ala Asn Leu Asp Lys Val Leu Ser Ala Tyr Asn Lys
1285 1290 1295
His Arg Asp Lys Pro Ile Arg Glu Gln Ala Glu Asn Ile Ile His Leu
1300 1305 1310
Phe Thr Leu Thr Asn Leu Gly Ala Pro Ala Ala Phe Lys Tyr Phe Asp
1315 1320 1325
Thr Thr Ile Asp Arg Lys Arg Tyr Thr Ser Thr Lys Glu Val Leu Asp
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Ala Thr Leu Ile His Gln Ser Ile Thr Gly Leu Tyr Glu Thr Arg Ile
1345 1350 1355 1360
Asp Leu Ser Gln Leu Gly Gly Asp
1365
<210> 5
<211> 4107
<212> DNA
<213> 人工序列
<220>
<223> Cas9编码序列
<400> 5
atggacaaga agtacagcat cggcctggac atcggtacca acagcgtggg ctgggccgtg 60
atcaccgacg agtacaaggt gcccagcaag aagttcaagg tgctgggcaa caccgaccgc 120
cacagcatca agaagaacct gatcggcgcc ctgctgttcg acagcggcga gaccgccgag 180
gccacccgcc tgaagcgcac cgcccgccgc cgctacaccc gccgcaagaa ccgcatctgc 240
tacctgcagg agatcttcag caacgagatg gccaaggtgg acgacagctt cttccaccgc 300
ctggaggaga gcttcctggt ggaggaggac aagaagcacg agcgccaccc catcttcggc 360
aacatcgtgg acgaggtggc ctaccacgag aagtacccca ccatctacca cctgcgcaag 420
aagctggtgg acagcaccga caaggccgac ctgcgcctga tctacctggc cctggcccac 480
atgatcaagt tccgcggcca cttcctgatc gagggcgacc tgaaccccga caacagcgac 540
gtggacaagc tgttcatcca gctggtgcag acctacaacc agctgttcga ggagaacccc 600
atcaacgcca gcggcgtgga cgccaaggcc atcctgagcg cccgcctgag caagagccgc 660
cgcctggaga acctgatcgc ccagctgccc ggcgagaaga agaacggcct gttcggcaac 720
ctgatcgccc tgagcctggg cctgaccccc aacttcaaga gcaacttcga cctggccgag 780
gacgccaagc tgcagctgag caaggacacc tacgacgacg acctggacaa cctgctggcc 840
cagatcggcg accagtacgc cgacctgttc ctggccgcca agaacctgag cgacgccatc 900
ctgctgagcg acatcctgcg cgtgaacacc gagatcacca aggcccccct gagcgccagc 960
atgatcaagc gctacgacga gcaccaccag gacctgaccc tgctgaaggc cctggtgcgc 1020
cagcagctgc ccgagaagta caaggagatc ttcttcgacc agagcaagaa cggctacgcc 1080
ggctacatcg acggcggcgc cagccaggag gagttctaca agttcatcaa gcccatcctg 1140
gagaagatgg acggcaccga ggagctgctg gtgaagctga accgcgagga cctgctgcgc 1200
aagcagcgca ccttcgacaa cggcagcatc ccccaccaga tccacctggg cgagctgcac 1260
gccatcctgc gccgccagga ggacttctac cccttcctga aggacaaccg cgagaagatc 1320
gagaagatcc tgaccttccg catcccctac tacgtgggcc ccctggcccg cggcaacagc 1380
cgcttcgcct ggatgacccg caagagcgag gagaccatca ccccctggaa cttcgaggag 1440
gtggtggaca agggcgccag cgcccagagc ttcatcgagc gcatgaccaa cttcgacaag 1500
aacctgccca acgagaaggt gctgcccaag cacagcctgc tgtacgagta cttcaccgtg 1560
tacaacgagc tgaccaaggt gaagtacgtg accgagggca tgcgcaagcc cgccttcctg 1620
agcggcgagc agaagaaggc catcgtggac ctgctgttca agaccaaccg caaggtgacc 1680
gtgaagcagc tgaaggagga ctacttcaag aagatcgagt gcttcgacag cgtggagatc 1740
agcggcgtgg aggaccgctt caacgccagc ctgggcacct accacgacct gctgaagatc 1800
atcaaggaca aggacttcct ggacaacgag gagaacgagg acatcctgga ggacatcgtg 1860
ctgaccctga ccctgttcga ggaccgcgag atgatcgagg agcgcctgaa gacctacgcc 1920
cacctgttcg acgacaaggt gatgaagcag ctgaagcgcc gccgctacac cggctggggc 1980
cgcctgagcc gcaagcttat caacggcatc cgcgacaagc agagcggcaa gaccatcctg 2040
gacttcctga agagcgacgg cttcgccaac cgcaacttca tgcagctgat ccacgacgac 2100
agcctgacct tcaaggagga catccagaag gcccaggtga gcggccaggg cgacagcctg 2160
cacgagcaca tcgccaacct ggccggcagc cccgccatca agaagggcat cctgcagacc 2220
gtgaaggtgg tggacgagct ggtgaaggtg atgggccgcc acaagcccga gaacatcgtg 2280
atcgagatgg cccgcgagaa ccagaccacc cagaagggcc agaagaacag ccgcgagcgc 2340
atgaagcgca tcgaggaggg catcaaggag ctgggcagcc agatcctgaa ggagcacccc 2400
gtggagaaca cccagctgca gaacgagaag ctgtacctgt actacctgca gaacggccgc 2460
gacatgtacg tggaccagga gctggacatc aaccgcctga gcgactacga cgtggaccac 2520
atcgtgcccc agagcttcct gaaggacgac agcatcgaca acaaggtgct gacccgcagc 2580
gacaagaacc gcggcaagag cgacaacgtg cccagcgagg aggtggtgaa gaagatgaag 2640
aactactggc gccagctgct gaacgccaag ctgatcaccc agcgcaagtt cgacaacctg 2700
accaaggccg agcgcggcgg cctgagcgag ctggacaagg ccggcttcat caagcgccag 2760
ctggtggaga cccgccagat caccaagcac gtggcccaga tcctggacag ccgcatgaac 2820
accaagtacg acgagaacga caagctgatc cgcgaggtga aggtgatcac cctgaagagc 2880
aagctggtga gcgacttccg caaggacttc cagttctaca aggtgcgcga gatcaacaac 2940
taccaccacg cccacgacgc ctacctgaac gccgtggtgg gcaccgccct gatcaagaag 3000
taccccaagc tggagagcga gttcgtgtac ggcgactaca aggtgtacga cgtgcgcaag 3060
atgatcgcca agagcgagca ggagatcggc aaggccaccg ccaagtactt cttctacagc 3120
aacatcatga acttcttcaa gaccgagatc accctggcca acggcgagat ccgcaagcgc 3180
cccctgatcg agaccaacgg cgagaccggc gagatcgtgt gggacaaggg ccgcgacttc 3240
gccaccgtgc gcaaggtgct gagcatgccc caggtgaaca tcgtgaagaa gaccgaggtg 3300
cagaccggcg gcttcagcaa ggagagcatc ctgcccaagc gcaacagcga caagctgatc 3360
gcccgcaaga aggactggga ccccaagaag tacggcggct tcgacagccc caccgtggcc 3420
tacagcgtgc tggtggtggc caaggtggag aagggcaaga gcaagaagct gaagagcgtg 3480
aaggagctgc tgggcatcac catcatggag cgcagcagct tcgagaagaa ccccatcgac 3540
ttcctggagg ccaagggcta caaggaggtg aagaaggacc tgatcatcaa gctgcccaag 3600
tacagcctgt tcgagctgga gaacggccgc aagcgcatgc tggccagcgc cggcgagctg 3660
cagaagggca acgagctggc cctgcccagc aagtacgtga acttcctgta cctggccagc 3720
cactacgaga agctgaaggg cagccccgag gacaacgagc agaagcagct gttcgtggag 3780
cagcacaagc actacctgga cgagatcatc gagcagatca gcgagttcag caagcgcgtg 3840
atcctggccg acgccaacct ggacaaggtg ctgagcgcct acaacaagca ccgcgacaag 3900
cccatccgcg agcaggccga gaacatcatc cacctgttca ccctgaccaa cctgggcgcc 3960
cccgccgcct tcaagtactt cgacaccacc atcgaccgca agcgctacac cagcaccaag 4020
gaggtgctgg acgccaccct gatccaccag agcatcaccg gtctgtacga gacccgcatc 4080
gacctgagcc agctgggcgg cgactaa 4107
<210> 6
<211> 229
<212> PRT
<213> 人工序列
<220>
<223> 来自褐家鼠的APOBEC-1
<400> 6
Met Ser Ser Glu Thr Gly Pro Val Ala Val Asp Pro Thr Leu Arg Arg
1 5 10 15
Arg Ile Glu Pro His Glu Phe Glu Val Phe Phe Asp Pro Arg Glu Leu
20 25 30
Arg Lys Glu Thr Cys Leu Leu Tyr Glu Ile Asn Trp Gly Gly Arg His
35 40 45
Ser Ile Trp Arg His Thr Ser Gln Asn Thr Asn Lys His Val Glu Val
50 55 60
Asn Phe Ile Glu Lys Phe Thr Thr Glu Arg Tyr Phe Cys Pro Asn Thr
65 70 75 80
Arg Cys Ser Ile Thr Trp Phe Leu Ser Trp Ser Pro Cys Gly Glu Cys
85 90 95
Ser Arg Ala Ile Thr Glu Phe Leu Ser Arg Tyr Pro His Val Thr Leu
100 105 110
Phe Ile Tyr Ile Ala Arg Leu Tyr His His Ala Asp Pro Arg Asn Arg
115 120 125
Gln Gly Leu Arg Asp Leu Ile Ser Ser Gly Val Thr Ile Gln Ile Met
130 135 140
Thr Glu Gln Glu Ser Gly Tyr Cys Trp Arg Asn Phe Val Asn Tyr Ser
145 150 155 160
Pro Ser Asn Glu Ala His Trp Pro Arg Tyr Pro His Leu Trp Val Arg
165 170 175
Leu Tyr Val Leu Glu Leu Tyr Cys Ile Ile Leu Gly Leu Pro Pro Cys
180 185 190
Leu Asn Ile Leu Arg Arg Lys Gln Pro Gln Leu Thr Phe Phe Thr Ile
195 200 205
Ala Leu Gln Ser Cys His Tyr Gln Arg Leu Pro Pro His Ile Leu Trp
210 215 220
Ala Thr Gly Leu Lys
225
<210> 7
<211> 5148
<212> DNA
<213> 人工序列
<220>
<223> BE3编码序列
<400> 7
catcatcatc atcatcacat gtcttctgaa accggtccgg ttgcggttga cccgaccctg 60
cgtcgtcgta tcgaaccgca cgaattcgaa gttttcttcg acccgcgtga actgcgtaaa 120
gaaacctgcc tgctgtacga aatcaactgg ggtggtcgtc actctatctg gcgtcacacc 180
tctcagaaca ccaacaaaca cgttgaagtt aacttcatcg aaaaattcac caccgaacgt 240
tacttctgcc cgaacacccg ttgctctatc acctggttcc tgtcttggtc tccgtgcggt 300
gaatgctctc gtgcgatcac cgaattcctg tctcgttacc cgcacgttac cctgttcatc 360
tacatcgcgc gtctgtacca ccacgcggac ccgcgtaacc gtcagggtct gcgtgacctg 420
atctcttctg gtgttaccat ccagatcatg accgaacagg aatctggtta ctgctggcgt 480
aacttcgtta actactctcc gtctaacgaa gcgcactggc cgcgttaccc gcacctgtgg 540
gttcgtctgt acgttctgga actgtactgc atcatcctgg gtctgccgcc gtgcctgaac 600
atcctgcgtc gtaaacagcc gcagctgacc ttcttcacca tcgcgctgca gtcttgccac 660
taccagcgtc tgccgccgca catcctgtgg gcgaccggtc tgaaatccgg tagcgaaaca 720
ccggggactt cagaatcggc caccccggag tctgataaga aatactcaat aggcttagct 780
atcggcacaa atagcgtcgg atgggcggtg atcactgatg aatataaggt tccgtctaaa 840
aagttcaagg ttctgggaaa tacagaccgc cacagtatca aaaaaaatct tataggggct 900
cttttatttg acagtggaga gacagcggaa gcgactcgtc tcaaacggac agctcgtaga 960
aggtatacac gtcggaagaa tcgtatttgt tatctacagg agattttttc aaatgagatg 1020
gcgaaagtag atgatagttt ctttcatcga cttgaagagt cttttttggt ggaagaagac 1080
aagaagcatg aacgtcatcc tatttttgga aatatagtag atgaagttgc ttatcatgag 1140
aaatatccaa ctatctatca tctgcgaaaa aaattggtag attctactga taaagcggat 1200
ttgcgcttaa tctatttggc cttagcgcat atgattaagt ttcgtggtca ttttttgatt 1260
gagggagatt taaatcctga taatagtgat gtggacaaac tatttatcca gttggtacaa 1320
acctacaatc aattatttga agaaaaccct attaacgcaa gtggagtaga tgctaaagcg 1380
attctttctg cacgattgag taaatcaaga cgattagaaa atctcattgc tcagctcccc 1440
ggtgagaaga aaaatggctt atttgggaat ctcattgctt tgtcattggg tttgacccct 1500
aattttaaat caaattttga tttggcagaa gatgctaaat tacagctttc aaaagatact 1560
tacgatgatg atttagataa tttattggcg caaattggag atcaatatgc tgatttgttt 1620
ttggcagcta agaatttatc agatgctatt ttactttcag atatcctaag agtaaatact 1680
gaaataacta aggctcccct atcagcttca atgattaaac gctacgatga acatcatcaa 1740
gacttgactc ttttaaaagc tttagttcga caacaacttc cagaaaagta taaagaaatc 1800
ttttttgatc aatcaaaaaa cggatatgca ggttatattg atgggggagc tagccaagaa 1860
gaattttata aatttatcaa accaatttta gaaaaaatgg atggtactga ggaattattg 1920
gtgaaactaa atcgtgaaga tttgctgcgc aagcaacgga cctttgacaa cggctctatt 1980
ccccatcaaa ttcacttggg tgagctgcat gctattttga gaagacaaga agacttttat 2040
ccatttttaa aagacaatcg tgagaagatt gaaaaaatct tgacttttcg aattccttat 2100
tatgttggtc cattggcgcg tggcaatagt cgttttgcat ggatgactcg gaagtctgaa 2160
gaaacaatta ccccatggaa ttttgaagaa gttgtcgata aaggtgcttc agctcaatca 2220
tttattgaac gcatgacaaa ctttgataaa aatcttccaa atgaaaaagt actaccaaaa 2280
catagtttgc tttatgagta ttttacggtt tataacgaat tgacaaaggt caaatatgtt 2340
actgaaggaa tgcgaaaacc agcatttctt tcaggtgaac agaagaaagc cattgttgat 2400
ttactcttca aaacaaatcg aaaagtaacc gttaagcaat taaaagaaga ttatttcaaa 2460
aaaatagaat gttttgatag tgttgaaatt tcaggagttg aagatagatt taatgcttca 2520
ttaggtacct accatgattt gctaaaaatt attaaagata aagatttttt ggataatgaa 2580
gaaaatgaag atatcttaga ggatattgtt ttaacattga ccttatttga agatagggag 2640
atgattgagg aaagacttaa aacatatgct cacctctttg atgataaggt gatgaaacag 2700
cttaaacgtc gccgttatac tggttgggga cgtttgtctc gaaaattgat taatggtatt 2760
agggataagc aatctggcaa aacaatatta gattttttga aatcagatgg ttttgccaat 2820
cgcaatttta tgcagctgat ccatgatgat agtttgacat ttaaagaaga cattcaaaaa 2880
gcacaagtgt ctggacaagg cgatagttta catgaacata ttgcaaattt agctggtagc 2940
cctgctatta aaaaaggtat tttacagact gtaaaagttg ttgatgaatt ggtcaaagta 3000
atggggcggc ataagccaga aaatatcgtt attgaaatgg cacgtgaaaa tcagacaact 3060
caaaagggcc agaaaaattc gcgagagcgt atgaaacgaa tcgaagaagg tatcaaagaa 3120
ttaggaagtc agattcttaa agagcatcct gttgaaaata ctcaattgca aaatgaaaag 3180
ctctatctct attatctcca aaatggaaga gacatgtatg tggaccaaga attagatatt 3240
aatcgtttaa gtgattatga tgtcgatcac attgttccac aaagtttcct taaagacgat 3300
tcaatagaca ataaggtctt aacgcgttct gataaaaatc gtggtaaatc ggataacgtt 3360
ccaagtgaag aagtagtcaa aaagatgaaa aactattgga gacaacttct aaacgccaag 3420
ttaatcactc aacgtaagtt tgataattta acgaaagctg aacgtggagg tttgagtgaa 3480
cttgataaag ctggttttat caaacgccaa ttggttgaaa ctcgccaaat cactaagcat 3540
gtggcacaaa ttttggatag tcgcatgaat actaaatacg atgaaaatga taaacttatt 3600
cgagaggtta aagtgattac cttaaaatct aaattagttt ctgacttccg aaaagatttc 3660
caattctata aagtacgtga gattaacaat taccatcatg cccatgatgc gtatctaaat 3720
gccgtcgttg gaactgcttt gattaagaaa tatccaaaac ttgaatcgga gtttgtctat 3780
ggtgattata aagtttatga tgttcgtaaa atgattgcta agtctgagca agaaataggc 3840
aaagcaaccg caaaatattt cttttactct aatatcatga acttcttcaa aacagaaatt 3900
acacttgcaa atggagagat tcgcaaacgc cctctaatcg aaactaatgg ggaaactgga 3960
gaaattgtct gggataaagg gcgagatttt gccacagtgc gcaaagtatt gtccatgccc 4020
caagtcaata ttgtcaagaa aacagaagta cagacaggcg gattctccaa ggagtcaatt 4080
ttaccaaaaa gaaattcgga caagcttatt gctcgtaaaa aagactggga tccaaaaaaa 4140
tatggtggtt ttgatagtcc aacggtagct tattcagtcc tagtggttgc taaggtggaa 4200
aaagggaaat cgaagaagtt aaaatccgtt aaagagttac tagggatcac aattatggaa 4260
agaagttcct ttgaaaaaaa tccgattgac tttttagaag ctaaaggata taaggaagtt 4320
aaaaaagact taatcattaa actacctaaa tatagtcttt ttgagttaga aaacggtcgt 4380
aaacggatgc tggctagtgc cggagaatta caaaaaggaa atgagctggc tctgccaagc 4440
aaatatgtga attttttata tttagctagt cattatgaaa agttgaaggg tagtccagaa 4500
gataacgaac aaaaacaatt gtttgtggag cagcataagc attatttaga tgagattatt 4560
gagcaaatca gtgaattttc taagcgtgtt attttagcag atgccaattt agataaagtt 4620
cttagtgcat ataacaaaca tagagacaaa ccaatacgtg aacaagcaga aaatattatt 4680
catttattta cgttgacgaa tcttggagct ccagccgcat tcaagtattt tgacacaacg 4740
atagatcgca aacgatacac ttctaccaag gaggtgctag acgcgacact gattcaccaa 4800
tccatcacgg gattatatga aactcggata gatttgtcac agcttggggg tgactctggt 4860
ggttctacta atctgtcaga tattattgaa aaggagaccg gtaagcaact ggttatccag 4920
gaatccatcc tcatgctccc agaggaggtg gaagaagtca ttgggaacaa gccggaaagc 4980
gatatactcg tgcacaccgc ctacgacgag agcaccgacg agaatgtcat gcttctgact 5040
agcgacgccc ctgaatacaa gccttgggct ctggtcatac aggatagcaa cggtgagaac 5100
aagattaaga tgctctctgg tggttctccc aagaagaaga ggaaagtc 5148
<210> 8
<211> 18
<212> DNA
<213> 人工序列
<220>
<223> Hisx6
<400> 8
catcatcatc atcatcac 18
<210> 9
<211> 687
<212> DNA
<213> 人工序列
<220>
<223> rAPOBEC1
<400> 9
atgtcttctg aaaccggtcc ggttgcggtt gacccgaccc tgcgtcgtcg tatcgaaccg 60
cacgaattcg aagttttctt cgacccgcgt gaactgcgta aagaaacctg cctgctgtac 120
gaaatcaact ggggtggtcg tcactctatc tggcgtcaca cctctcagaa caccaacaaa 180
cacgttgaag ttaacttcat cgaaaaattc accaccgaac gttacttctg cccgaacacc 240
cgttgctcta tcacctggtt cctgtcttgg tctccgtgcg gtgaatgctc tcgtgcgatc 300
accgaattcc tgtctcgtta cccgcacgtt accctgttca tctacatcgc gcgtctgtac 360
caccacgcgg acccgcgtaa ccgtcagggt ctgcgtgacc tgatctcttc tggtgttacc 420
atccagatca tgaccgaaca ggaatctggt tactgctggc gtaacttcgt taactactct 480
ccgtctaacg aagcgcactg gccgcgttac ccgcacctgt gggttcgtct gtacgttctg 540
gaactgtact gcatcatcct gggtctgccg ccgtgcctga acatcctgcg tcgtaaacag 600
ccgcagctga ccttcttcac catcgcgctg cagtcttgcc actaccagcg tctgccgccg 660
cacatcctgt gggcgaccgg tctgaaa 687
<210> 10
<211> 48
<212> DNA
<213> 人工序列
<220>
<223> XTEN (接头)
<400> 10
tccggtagcg aaacaccggg gacttcagaa tcggccaccc cggagtct 48
<210> 11
<211> 4101
<212> DNA
<213> 人工序列
<220>
<223> Cas9的编码基因 (D10A, 切口酶)
<400> 11
gataagaaat actcaatagg cttagctatc ggcacaaata gcgtcggatg ggcggtgatc 60
actgatgaat ataaggttcc gtctaaaaag ttcaaggttc tgggaaatac agaccgccac 120
agtatcaaaa aaaatcttat aggggctctt ttatttgaca gtggagagac agcggaagcg 180
actcgtctca aacggacagc tcgtagaagg tatacacgtc ggaagaatcg tatttgttat 240
ctacaggaga ttttttcaaa tgagatggcg aaagtagatg atagtttctt tcatcgactt 300
gaagagtctt ttttggtgga agaagacaag aagcatgaac gtcatcctat ttttggaaat 360
atagtagatg aagttgctta tcatgagaaa tatccaacta tctatcatct gcgaaaaaaa 420
ttggtagatt ctactgataa agcggatttg cgcttaatct atttggcctt agcgcatatg 480
attaagtttc gtggtcattt tttgattgag ggagatttaa atcctgataa tagtgatgtg 540
gacaaactat ttatccagtt ggtacaaacc tacaatcaat tatttgaaga aaaccctatt 600
aacgcaagtg gagtagatgc taaagcgatt ctttctgcac gattgagtaa atcaagacga 660
ttagaaaatc tcattgctca gctccccggt gagaagaaaa atggcttatt tgggaatctc 720
attgctttgt cattgggttt gacccctaat tttaaatcaa attttgattt ggcagaagat 780
gctaaattac agctttcaaa agatacttac gatgatgatt tagataattt attggcgcaa 840
attggagatc aatatgctga tttgtttttg gcagctaaga atttatcaga tgctatttta 900
ctttcagata tcctaagagt aaatactgaa ataactaagg ctcccctatc agcttcaatg 960
attaaacgct acgatgaaca tcatcaagac ttgactcttt taaaagcttt agttcgacaa 1020
caacttccag aaaagtataa agaaatcttt tttgatcaat caaaaaacgg atatgcaggt 1080
tatattgatg ggggagctag ccaagaagaa ttttataaat ttatcaaacc aattttagaa 1140
aaaatggatg gtactgagga attattggtg aaactaaatc gtgaagattt gctgcgcaag 1200
caacggacct ttgacaacgg ctctattccc catcaaattc acttgggtga gctgcatgct 1260
attttgagaa gacaagaaga cttttatcca tttttaaaag acaatcgtga gaagattgaa 1320
aaaatcttga cttttcgaat tccttattat gttggtccat tggcgcgtgg caatagtcgt 1380
tttgcatgga tgactcggaa gtctgaagaa acaattaccc catggaattt tgaagaagtt 1440
gtcgataaag gtgcttcagc tcaatcattt attgaacgca tgacaaactt tgataaaaat 1500
cttccaaatg aaaaagtact accaaaacat agtttgcttt atgagtattt tacggtttat 1560
aacgaattga caaaggtcaa atatgttact gaaggaatgc gaaaaccagc atttctttca 1620
ggtgaacaga agaaagccat tgttgattta ctcttcaaaa caaatcgaaa agtaaccgtt 1680
aagcaattaa aagaagatta tttcaaaaaa atagaatgtt ttgatagtgt tgaaatttca 1740
ggagttgaag atagatttaa tgcttcatta ggtacctacc atgatttgct aaaaattatt 1800
aaagataaag attttttgga taatgaagaa aatgaagata tcttagagga tattgtttta 1860
acattgacct tatttgaaga tagggagatg attgaggaaa gacttaaaac atatgctcac 1920
ctctttgatg ataaggtgat gaaacagctt aaacgtcgcc gttatactgg ttggggacgt 1980
ttgtctcgaa aattgattaa tggtattagg gataagcaat ctggcaaaac aatattagat 2040
tttttgaaat cagatggttt tgccaatcgc aattttatgc agctgatcca tgatgatagt 2100
ttgacattta aagaagacat tcaaaaagca caagtgtctg gacaaggcga tagtttacat 2160
gaacatattg caaatttagc tggtagccct gctattaaaa aaggtatttt acagactgta 2220
aaagttgttg atgaattggt caaagtaatg gggcggcata agccagaaaa tatcgttatt 2280
gaaatggcac gtgaaaatca gacaactcaa aagggccaga aaaattcgcg agagcgtatg 2340
aaacgaatcg aagaaggtat caaagaatta ggaagtcaga ttcttaaaga gcatcctgtt 2400
gaaaatactc aattgcaaaa tgaaaagctc tatctctatt atctccaaaa tggaagagac 2460
atgtatgtgg accaagaatt agatattaat cgtttaagtg attatgatgt cgatcacatt 2520
gttccacaaa gtttccttaa agacgattca atagacaata aggtcttaac gcgttctgat 2580
aaaaatcgtg gtaaatcgga taacgttcca agtgaagaag tagtcaaaaa gatgaaaaac 2640
tattggagac aacttctaaa cgccaagtta atcactcaac gtaagtttga taatttaacg 2700
aaagctgaac gtggaggttt gagtgaactt gataaagctg gttttatcaa acgccaattg 2760
gttgaaactc gccaaatcac taagcatgtg gcacaaattt tggatagtcg catgaatact 2820
aaatacgatg aaaatgataa acttattcga gaggttaaag tgattacctt aaaatctaaa 2880
ttagtttctg acttccgaaa agatttccaa ttctataaag tacgtgagat taacaattac 2940
catcatgccc atgatgcgta tctaaatgcc gtcgttggaa ctgctttgat taagaaatat 3000
ccaaaacttg aatcggagtt tgtctatggt gattataaag tttatgatgt tcgtaaaatg 3060
attgctaagt ctgagcaaga aataggcaaa gcaaccgcaa aatatttctt ttactctaat 3120
atcatgaact tcttcaaaac agaaattaca cttgcaaatg gagagattcg caaacgccct 3180
ctaatcgaaa ctaatgggga aactggagaa attgtctggg ataaagggcg agattttgcc 3240
acagtgcgca aagtattgtc catgccccaa gtcaatattg tcaagaaaac agaagtacag 3300
acaggcggat tctccaagga gtcaatttta ccaaaaagaa attcggacaa gcttattgct 3360
cgtaaaaaag actgggatcc aaaaaaatat ggtggttttg atagtccaac ggtagcttat 3420
tcagtcctag tggttgctaa ggtggaaaaa gggaaatcga agaagttaaa atccgttaaa 3480
gagttactag ggatcacaat tatggaaaga agttcctttg aaaaaaatcc gattgacttt 3540
ttagaagcta aaggatataa ggaagttaaa aaagacttaa tcattaaact acctaaatat 3600
agtctttttg agttagaaaa cggtcgtaaa cggatgctgg ctagtgccgg agaattacaa 3660
aaaggaaatg agctggctct gccaagcaaa tatgtgaatt ttttatattt agctagtcat 3720
tatgaaaagt tgaagggtag tccagaagat aacgaacaaa aacaattgtt tgtggagcag 3780
cataagcatt atttagatga gattattgag caaatcagtg aattttctaa gcgtgttatt 3840
ttagcagatg ccaatttaga taaagttctt agtgcatata acaaacatag agacaaacca 3900
atacgtgaac aagcagaaaa tattattcat ttatttacgt tgacgaatct tggagctcca 3960
gccgcattca agtattttga cacaacgata gatcgcaaac gatacacttc taccaaggag 4020
gtgctagacg cgacactgat tcaccaatcc atcacgggat tatatgaaac tcggatagat 4080
ttgtcacagc ttgggggtga c 4101
<210> 12
<211> 249
<212> DNA
<213> 人工序列
<220>
<223> UGI的编码基因 (尿嘧啶DNA糖基化酶抑制剂)
<400> 12
actaatctgt cagatattat tgaaaaggag accggtaagc aactggttat ccaggaatcc 60
atcctcatgc tcccagagga ggtggaagaa gtcattggga acaagccgga aagcgatata 120
ctcgtgcaca ccgcctacga cgagagcacc gacgagaatg tcatgcttct gactagcgac 180
gcccctgaat acaagccttg ggctctggtc atacaggata gcaacggtga gaacaagatt 240
aagatgctc 249
<210> 13
<211> 21
<212> DNA
<213> 人工序列
<220>
<223> NLS
<400> 13
cccaagaaga agaggaaagt c 21
<210> 14
<211> 12
<212> DNA
<213> 人工序列
<220>
<223> 接头
<400> 14
tctggtggtt ct 12
<210> 15
<211> 30
<212> DNA
<213> 人工序列
<220>
<223> 具有PAM的Dmd靶区域
<400> 15
caattaaaag ccagttaaaa atttgtaagg 30
<210> 16
<211> 30
<212> DNA
<213> 人工序列
<220>
<223> 具有PAM的碱基编辑的Dmd靶区域
<400> 16
caattaaaag ctagttaaaa atttgtaagg 30
<210> 17
<211> 34
<212> DNA
<213> 人工序列
<220>
<223> 具有PAM的Tyr靶区域
<400> 17
gcaccatctg gacctcagtt ccccttcaaa gggg 34
<210> 18
<211> 34
<212> DNA
<213> 人工序列
<220>
<223> 具有PAM的碱基编辑的Tyr靶区域
<400> 18
gcaccatctg gaccttagtt ccccttcaaa gggg 34
<210> 19
<211> 23
<212> DNA
<213> 人工序列
<220>
<223> Dmd中靶序列
<400> 19
aagccagtta aaaatttgta agg 23
<210> 20
<211> 23
<212> DNA
<213> 人工序列
<220>
<223> Dmd-OT1
<400> 20
aagccagtta gaagtttgta agg 23
<210> 21
<211> 23
<212> DNA
<213> 人工序列
<220>
<223> Dmd-OT2
<400> 21
aagcaagtgt aaaatttgta tgg 23
<210> 22
<211> 23
<212> DNA
<213> 人工序列
<220>
<223> Dmd-OT3
<400> 22
aatacagtta ataatttgta agg 23
<210> 23
<211> 23
<212> DNA
<213> 人工序列
<220>
<223> Dmd-OT4
<400> 23
aagcaagtaa aacatttgta tgg 23
<210> 24
<211> 23
<212> DNA
<213> 人工序列
<220>
<223> Dmd-OT5
<400> 24
ttgccagttt aaaatttgta agg 23
<210> 25
<211> 23
<212> DNA
<213> 人工序列
<220>
<223> Dmd-OT6
<400> 25
aagcaattga aaaatttgta tgg 23
<210> 26
<211> 23
<212> DNA
<213> 人工序列
<220>
<223> Dmd-OT7
<400> 26
aagccagaaa caaatttgta ggg 23
<210> 27
<211> 23
<212> DNA
<213> 人工序列
<220>
<223> Dmd-OT8
<400> 27
aagctagtgg aaaatttgta cgg 23
<210> 28
<211> 23
<212> DNA
<213> 人工序列
<220>
<223> Dmd-OT9
<400> 28
aactcaatta aaaatttgta tgg 23
<210> 29
<211> 23
<212> DNA
<213> 人工序列
<220>
<223> Dmd-OT10
<400> 29
aagccagaga ataatttgta ggg 23
<210> 30
<211> 23
<212> DNA
<213> 人工序列
<220>
<223> Dmd-OT11
<400> 30
aaaccagtta aatatttcta agg 23
<210> 31
<211> 23
<212> DNA
<213> 人工序列
<220>
<223> Dmd-OT12
<400> 31
aagccattta aaaatttgag tgg 23
<210> 32
<211> 23
<212> DNA
<213> 人工序列
<220>
<223> Dmd-OT13
<400> 32
aacccagtta gaaattttta tgg 23
<210> 33
<211> 23
<212> DNA
<213> 人工序列
<220>
<223> Dmd-OT14
<400> 33
aagacagata aaaatttgga ggg 23
<210> 34
<211> 23
<212> DNA
<213> 人工序列
<220>
<223> Dmd-OT15
<400> 34
aggccagata aaaatttgaa ggg 23
<210> 35
<211> 23
<212> DNA
<213> 人工序列
<220>
<223> Tyr中靶序列
<400> 35
acctcagttc cccttcaaag ggg 23
<210> 36
<211> 23
<212> DNA
<213> 人工序列
<220>
<223> Tyr-OT1
<400> 36
ccctcagttc cacttcagag agg 23
<210> 37
<211> 23
<212> DNA
<213> 人工序列
<220>
<223> Tyr-OT2
<400> 37
acctcacttg cccttctaag tgg 23
<210> 38
<211> 23
<212> DNA
<213> 人工序列
<220>
<223> Tyr-OT3
<400> 38
acctcagtcc ccctttacag agg 23
<210> 39
<211> 23
<212> DNA
<213> 人工序列
<220>
<223> Tyr-OT4
<400> 39
acctcagttc ccctacactg ggg 23
<210> 40
<211> 23
<212> DNA
<213> 人工序列
<220>
<223> Tyr-OT5
<400> 40
acctcagttc ccctacactg ggg 23
<210> 41
<211> 23
<212> DNA
<213> 人工序列
<220>
<223> Tyr-OT6
<400> 41
tcctcagttc cccttcactg ggg 23
<210> 42
<211> 23
<212> DNA
<213> 人工序列
<220>
<223> Tyr-OT7
<400> 42
ccctcagttc ccctacacag agg 23
<210> 43
<211> 23
<212> DNA
<213> 人工序列
<220>
<223> Tyr-OT8
<400> 43
acctcagttt cccttccagg agg 23
<210> 44
<211> 23
<212> DNA
<213> 人工序列
<220>
<223> Tyr-OT9
<400> 44
ccctcagttc cccttcactg ggg 23
<210> 45
<211> 23
<212> DNA
<213> 人工序列
<220>
<223> Tyr-OT10
<400> 45
ccctcagttc ccctacacag ggg 23
<210> 46
<211> 23
<212> DNA
<213> 人工序列
<220>
<223> Tyr-OT11
<400> 46
ccctcagttc ccctacacag ggg 23
<210> 47
<211> 23
<212> DNA
<213> 人工序列
<220>
<223> Tyr-OT12
<400> 47
acctcagttt cccctcaaaa tgg 23
<210> 48
<211> 23
<212> DNA
<213> 人工序列
<220>
<223> Tyr-OT13
<400> 48
acctcagttg tccttcaaac agg 23
<210> 49
<211> 23
<212> DNA
<213> 人工序列
<220>
<223> Tyr-OT14
<400> 49
ccctcagttc ccctacaatg ggg 23
<210> 50
<211> 23
<212> DNA
<213> 人工序列
<220>
<223> Tyr-OT15
<400> 50
aactctgttc cccttctaag tgg 23
<210> 51
<211> 23
<212> DNA
<213> 人工序列
<220>
<223> Tyr-OT16
<400> 51
atctcagttt cccttcacag ggg 23
<210> 52
<211> 23
<212> DNA
<213> 人工序列
<220>
<223> Tyr-OT17
<400> 52
accttagttc cctttcaaac tgg 23
<210> 53
<211> 66
<212> DNA
<213> 人工序列
<220>
<223> Dmd-F引物
<400> 53
gaaattaata cgactcacta tagaagccag ttaaaaattt gtagttttag agctagaaat 60
agcaag 66
<210> 54
<211> 66
<212> DNA
<213> 人工序列
<220>
<223> Tyr-F引物
<400> 54
gaaattaata cgactcacta tagacctcag ttccccttca aaggttttag agctagaaat 60
agcaag 66
<210> 55
<211> 82
<212> DNA
<213> 人工序列
<220>
<223> R引物
<400> 55
aaaaaagcac cgactcggtg ccactttttc aagttgataa cggactagcc ttattttaac 60
ttgctatttc tagctctaaa ac 82
<210> 56
<211> 27
<212> DNA
<213> 人工序列
<220>
<223> Dmd第一次PCR-F引物
<400> 56
gctagagtat caaaccaaca tcattac 27
<210> 57
<211> 21
<212> DNA
<213> 人工序列
<220>
<223> Dmd第一次PCR-R引物
<400> 57
tgcttcctat ctcacccatc t 21
<210> 58
<211> 57
<212> DNA
<213> 人工序列
<220>
<223> Dmd第二次/适配子 PCR-F引物
<400> 58
acactctttc cctacacgac gctcttccga tctgctacaa caattggaac agatgac 57
<210> 59
<211> 57
<212> DNA
<213> 人工序列
<220>
<223> Dmd第二次/适配子 PCR-R引物
<400> 59
gtgactggag ttcagacgtg tgctcttccg atcttcttca ctgtacagag ctcaatg 57
<210> 60
<211> 21
<212> DNA
<213> 人工序列
<220>
<223> Tyr第一次PCR-F引物
<400> 60
tgtattgcct tctgtggagt t 21
<210> 61
<211> 22
<212> DNA
<213> 人工序列
<220>
<223> Tyr第一次PCR-R引物
<400> 61
ggtgttgacc cattgttcat tt 22
<210> 62
<211> 55
<212> DNA
<213> 人工序列
<220>
<223> Tyr第二次/适配子 PCR-F引物
<400> 62
acactctttc cctacacgac gctcttccga tctggagttt ccagatctct gatgg 55
<210> 63
<211> 54
<212> DNA
<213> 人工序列
<220>
<223> Tyr第二次/适配子 PCR-R引物
<400> 63
gtgactggag ttcagacgtg tgctcttccg atctgcactg gcaggtccta ttat 54
Claims (20)
1.用于哺乳动物细胞的碱基编辑组合物,所述组合物包含:
胞苷脱氨酶或其编码基因;和
靶特异性核酸酶或其编码基因。
2.权利要求1所述的碱基编辑组合物,其中,所述靶特异性核酸酶包括RNA引导的核酸酶和向导RNA。
3.权利要求2所述的碱基编辑组合物,其中,所述RNA引导的核酸酶是Cas9蛋白或Cpf1蛋白。
4.权利要求2所述的碱基编辑组合物,其中,所述RNA引导的核酸酶是Cas9切口酶、催化缺陷的Cas9蛋白,或识别不同于野生型Cas9蛋白的PAM序列的Cas9蛋白。
5.权利要求4所述的碱基编辑组合物,其中,所述RNA引导的核酸酶包含酿脓链球菌来源的Cas9蛋白的氨基酸序列,其中下列氨基酸残基被不同于野生型氨基酸残基的氨基酸残基取代:
(1)D10、H840、或D10和H840;
(2)选自由D1135、R1335、T1337组成的组中至少一种;或者
(3)(1)和(2)氨基酸残基。
6.权利要求2所述的碱基编辑组合物,其中,所述向导RNA是所述单向导RNA包含CRISPRRNA(crRNA)和反式激活crRNA(tracrRNA)双RNA或单向导RNA(sgRNA),。
7.权利要求1所述的碱基编辑组合物,其中,所述胞苷脱氨酶是APOBEC(载脂蛋白BmRNA编辑酶,催化多肽样)、AID(活化诱导的胞苷脱氨酶)、tadA(tRNA特异性腺苷脱氨酶),或其组合。
8.权利要求2至7中任一项所述的碱基编辑组合物,其中,所述用于哺乳动物细胞的碱基编辑组合物包含编码胞苷脱氨酶的mRNA、编码RNA引导的核酸酶的mRNA,和向导RNA。
9.权利要求2至7中任一项所述的碱基编辑组合物,其中,所述用于哺乳动物细胞的碱基编辑组合物包含核糖核蛋白,在所述核糖核蛋白中胞苷脱氨酶、RNA引导的核酸酶和向导RNA一起形成的复合物。
10.权利要求1至7中任一项所述的碱基编辑组合物,进一步包含尿嘧啶DNA糖基化酶抑制剂(UGI)或其编码基因、核定位序列(NLS)或其编码基因,或它们所有。
11.权利要求1至7中任一项所述的碱基编辑组合物,其中,所述哺乳动物细胞是哺乳动物胚胎。
12.用于哺乳动物细胞的碱基编辑方法,所述方法包括将权利要求1至7中任一项所述的碱基编辑组合物注射到所述哺乳动物细胞中。
13.权利要求12所述的碱基编辑方法,其中,所述碱基编辑组合物进一步包含尿嘧啶DNA糖基化酶抑制剂(UGI)或其编码基因、核定位序列(NLS)或其编码基因,或它们全部。
14.权利要求12所述的碱基编辑方法,其中,所述注射步骤通过显微注射或电穿孔进行。
15.权利要求12所述的碱基编辑方法,其中,所述哺乳动物细胞是哺乳动物胚胎。
16.一种经遗传修饰的哺乳动物细胞,其中,权利要求1至7中任一项所述的碱基编辑组合物注射至所述哺乳动物细胞。
17.权利要求16所述的经遗传修饰的哺乳动物细胞,其中,碱基编辑组合物进一步包含尿嘧啶DNA糖基化酶抑制剂(UGI)或其编码基因、核定位序列(NLS)或其编码基因,或它们两者。
18.权利要求16所述的经遗传修饰的哺乳动物细胞,其中,所述哺乳动物细胞是哺乳动物胚胎。
19.一种经遗传修饰的哺乳动物,所述哺乳动物通过将权利要求18所述的经遗传修饰的哺乳动物胚胎移植到哺乳动物代孕母亲的输卵管中而发育。
20.一种构建经遗传修饰的哺乳动物的方法,所述方法包括将权利要求18所述的经遗传修饰的哺乳动物胚胎移植到哺乳动物代孕母亲的输卵管中。
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KR10-2016-0178429 | 2016-12-23 | ||
KR20160178429 | 2016-12-23 | ||
PCT/KR2017/015380 WO2018117746A1 (ko) | 2016-12-23 | 2017-12-22 | 동물 배아의 염기 교정용 조성물 및 염기 교정 방법 |
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US (1) | US20200385753A1 (zh) |
EP (1) | EP3561059B1 (zh) |
JP (1) | JP2020504612A (zh) |
KR (1) | KR102151065B1 (zh) |
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Cited By (3)
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CN110423736A (zh) * | 2019-08-16 | 2019-11-08 | 中国人民解放军陆军军医大学第一附属医院 | 碱基编辑工具及其应用以及在真核细胞内进行宽窗口和无序列偏好性碱基编辑的方法 |
CN112266420A (zh) * | 2020-10-30 | 2021-01-26 | 华南农业大学 | 一种植物高效胞嘧啶单碱基编辑器及其构建与应用 |
CN116555237A (zh) * | 2022-03-08 | 2023-08-08 | 中国科学院遗传与发育生物学研究所 | 胞嘧啶脱氨酶及其在碱基编辑中的用途 |
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CN110234770A (zh) * | 2017-01-17 | 2019-09-13 | 基础科学研究院 | 通过dna单链断裂识别碱基编辑脱靶位点的方法 |
CN109234316B (zh) * | 2018-09-25 | 2021-02-09 | 肇庆华夏凯奇生物技术有限公司 | 通过多条sgRNA共注射实现同一基因有效敲除 |
CN111778233B (zh) * | 2019-04-04 | 2023-11-21 | 辉大(上海)生物科技有限公司 | 一种新型的单碱基编辑技术及其应用 |
US20230151343A1 (en) * | 2020-04-24 | 2023-05-18 | Institute For Basic Science | Genome editing using cas9 or cas9 variant |
KR102685619B1 (ko) * | 2020-12-01 | 2024-07-17 | 한양대학교 산학협력단 | 티민-사이토신 서열 특이적 사이토신 교정 활성이 증진된 아데닌 염기교정 유전자가위 및 이의 용도 |
WO2024087014A1 (zh) * | 2022-10-25 | 2024-05-02 | 中国科学院深圳先进技术研究院 | 一种癫痫动物模型的制备方法及应用 |
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---|---|---|---|---|
CN110423736A (zh) * | 2019-08-16 | 2019-11-08 | 中国人民解放军陆军军医大学第一附属医院 | 碱基编辑工具及其应用以及在真核细胞内进行宽窗口和无序列偏好性碱基编辑的方法 |
CN110423736B (zh) * | 2019-08-16 | 2021-09-17 | 中国人民解放军陆军军医大学第一附属医院 | 碱基编辑工具及其应用以及在真核细胞内进行宽窗口和无序列偏好性碱基编辑的方法 |
CN112266420A (zh) * | 2020-10-30 | 2021-01-26 | 华南农业大学 | 一种植物高效胞嘧啶单碱基编辑器及其构建与应用 |
CN112266420B (zh) * | 2020-10-30 | 2022-08-09 | 华南农业大学 | 一种植物高效胞嘧啶单碱基编辑器及其构建与应用 |
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KR102151065B1 (ko) | 2020-09-02 |
EP3561059A4 (en) | 2020-05-27 |
US20200385753A1 (en) | 2020-12-10 |
EP3561059A1 (en) | 2019-10-30 |
KR20180074610A (ko) | 2018-07-03 |
JP2020504612A (ja) | 2020-02-13 |
EP3561059B1 (en) | 2024-10-09 |
WO2018117746A1 (ko) | 2018-06-28 |
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