CN110295271A - 一种柔轮热处理工艺 - Google Patents

一种柔轮热处理工艺 Download PDF

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CN110295271A
CN110295271A CN201910529858.XA CN201910529858A CN110295271A CN 110295271 A CN110295271 A CN 110295271A CN 201910529858 A CN201910529858 A CN 201910529858A CN 110295271 A CN110295271 A CN 110295271A
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flexbile gear
heat treatment
embryo material
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苏新友
李宗翰
李正阳
肖志军
杨生潮
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Dongguan Zhuo Lan Automation Equipment Co Ltd
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    • C22C38/18Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
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    • C22C38/18Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
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    • C23C8/06Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using gases
    • C23C8/08Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using gases only one element being applied
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种柔轮热处理工艺,通过对淬火和高温回火的温度和时间的优化,强化了柔轮的力学性能,柔轮热处理后的表面硬度可以达到30~35HRC;另外淬火时是根据柔轮的尺寸对热处理时间进行优化,从而保证了热处理的稳定性。

Description

一种柔轮热处理工艺
技术领域
本发明涉及金属热处理领域,特别涉及一种柔轮热处理工艺。
背景技术
机器人谐波减速器凭借其结构简单、尺寸小、噪音小、传动比大、传动精 度高和效率高等优点,而被作为机器人关节的重要部件广泛使用。自从1955年 美国C.W.麦塞尔发明了第一台谐波减速器以来,全世界主要工业国家都对其进 行了全面研究,进而陆续制备出很多系列种类和尺寸规格不同的谐波减速器, 其中以渐开线小模数齿轮齿廓谐波减速器使用最为广泛。其中,谐波减速器凭 借上述优点而被广泛应用在机器人的关节的旋转部位、机械加工中心的旋转工 作台、机械手旋转部、精密旋转工作台、医疗仪器、计量器具、IC制造装置、 航空航天装置、国防设备等广泛领域,尤其是在工业机器人领域应用十分普遍;对于工业机器人而言,谐波减速器能够大大减小工业机器人的尺寸、降低噪音、 提高效率和精度,因此谐波减速器的刚轮对其硬度要求需要达到27-32HRC这个 要求。
柔轮胚料一般采用40CrNi2Mo合结钢,合金结构钢简称合结钢,40CrNi2Mo 是合结钢的其中一种,也称合金钢,它是在优质碳素结构钢的基础上,适当地 加入一种或数种合金元素(总含量不超过5%)而制成的钢种。但一般的刚轮采 用40CrNi2Mo合结钢,其硬度为小于27.8HRC,但当刚轮要用于谐波减速器时需 要达到30-35HRC这个要求,因此需要对40CrNi2Mo合结钢胚料进行热处理。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种可以提高刚轮硬度达到30-35HRC的柔轮热处理 工艺。
为了实现上述目的,本发明提供如下技术方案:
一种柔轮热处理工艺,所述热处理工艺包括如下步骤:
(1)将所述柔轮胚料放入箱式电阻炉中;加热至740~760℃保温1~3h;
(2)随炉冷却至200℃出炉;
(3)检验球化组织,判断是否完全球化;
(4)检验退火柔轮胚料的硬度是否为170~210HBS;
(5)将上述出炉的柔轮胚料放入到保护气氛箱式电阻炉;加热至850~ 870℃;保温时间按所述柔轮胚料的直径Q来计算,所述刚轮胚料的直径为Qmm, 则其保温时间为Qmin,保温Qmin后,油淬至室温;
(6)放入回火炉中,在570~590℃保温3~5h回火处理,出炉空冷至室温;
(7)检验空冷后的柔轮胚料的硬度是否达到30-35HRC;
其中所述柔轮胚料热处理后的成分及重量百分比为0.36~0.43%的C, 0.15~0.35%的Si,0.60~0.90%的Mn,允许残余含量≤0.025%的S,允许残余 含量≤0.025%的P,0.60~1.00%的Cr,1.60~2.00%的Ni,允许残余含量≤ 0.025%的Cu,0.15~0.30%的Mo,余量为铁和不可避免的杂质。
所述柔轮热处理后的表面硬度为30~35HRC。
所述柔轮的金相组织为索氏体。
还可以对空冷后的柔轮胚料进行表面QPQ盐浴处理或也可气体渗氮处理; 渗氮层控制在0.034~0.036mm。
本发明的有益效果为:
本发明通过对淬火和高温回火的温度和时间的优化,强化了柔轮的力学性 能,柔轮热处理后的表面硬度可以达到30~35HRC;另外淬火时是根据柔轮的 尺寸对热处理时间进行优化,从而保证了热处理的稳定性。
附图说明
图1是本发明的柔轮胚料退火工艺曲线;
图2是本发明的柔轮胚料调质处理工艺曲线。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图1到图2和实施例以及对比例对本发明进一步详细说明。
实施例1:
一种柔轮热处理工艺,所述热处理工艺包括如下步骤:
(1)将所述柔轮胚料放入箱式电阻炉中;加热至740℃保温1h;
(2)随炉冷却至200℃出炉;
(3)检验球化组织,判断是否完全球化;
(4)检验退火柔轮胚料的硬度是否为170HBS;
(5)将上述出炉的柔轮胚料放入到保护气氛箱式电阻炉;加热至850℃; 保温时间按所述柔轮胚料的直径Q来计算,所述刚轮胚料的直径为Q为200mm, 则其保温时间为Q为200min,保温200min后,油淬至室温;
(6)放入回火炉中,在570℃保温3h回火处理,出炉空冷至室温;
(7)检验空冷后的柔轮胚料的硬度是否达到30HRC;
其中所述柔轮胚料热处理后的成分及重量百分比为0.36%的C,0.15%的Si,0.60%的Mn,允许残余含量≤0.025%的S,允许残余含量≤0.025%的P,0.60% 的Cr,1.60%的Ni,允许残余含量≤0.025%的Cu,0.15%Mo,余量为铁和不可 避免的杂质。
所述柔轮热处理后的表面硬度为30HRC。
所述柔轮的金相组织为索氏体。
还可以对空冷后的柔轮胚料进行表面QPQ盐浴处理或也可气体渗氮处理; 渗氮层控制在0.034mm。
实施例2
一种柔轮热处理工艺,所述热处理工艺包括如下步骤:
(1)将所述柔轮胚料放入箱式电阻炉中;加热至760℃保温3h;
(2)随炉冷却至200℃出炉;
(3)检验球化组织,判断是否完全球化;
(4)检验退火柔轮胚料的硬度是否为210HBS;
(5)将上述出炉的柔轮胚料放入到保护气氛箱式电阻炉;加热至870℃; 保温时间按所述柔轮胚料的直径Q为来计算,所述刚轮胚料的直径为Q为 400mm,则其保温时间为Q为400min,保温400min后,油淬至室温;
(6)放入回火炉中,在590℃保温5h回火处理,出炉空冷至室温;
(7)检验空冷后的柔轮胚料的硬度是否达到35HRC;
其中所述柔轮胚料热处理后的成分及重量百分比为0.43%的C,0.35%的 Si,0.90%的Mn,允许残余含量≤0.025%的S,允许残余含量≤0.025%的P, 1.00%的Cr,2.00%的Ni,允许残余含量≤0.025%的Cu,0.30%Mo,余量为 铁和不可避免的杂质。
所述柔轮热处理后的表面硬度为35HRC。
所述柔轮的金相组织为索氏体。
还可以对空冷后的柔轮胚料进行表面QPQ盐浴处理或也可气体渗氮处理; 渗氮层控制在0.036mm。
实施例3
一种柔轮热处理工艺,所述热处理工艺包括如下步骤:
(1)将所述柔轮胚料放入箱式电阻炉中;加热至750℃保温2h;
(2)随炉冷却至200℃出炉;
(3)检验球化组织,判断是否完全球化;
(4)检验退火柔轮胚料的硬度是否为190HBS;
(5)将上述出炉的柔轮胚料放入到保护气氛箱式电阻炉;加热至860℃; 保温时间按所述柔轮胚料的直径Q来计算,所述刚轮胚料的直径为Q为300mm, 则其保温时间为Q为300min,保温300min后,油淬至室温;
(6)放入回火炉中,在580℃保温4h回火处理,出炉空冷至室温;
(7)检验空冷后的柔轮胚料的硬度是否达到32.5HRC;
其中所述柔轮胚料热处理后的成分及重量百分比为0.39.5%的C,0.25%的 Si,0.75%的Mn,允许残余含量≤0.025%的S,允许残余含量≤0.025%的P, 0.80%的Cr,1.80%的Ni,允许残余含量≤0.025%的Cu,0.15~0.30%Mo,余 量为铁和不可避免的杂质。
所述柔轮热处理后的表面硬度为32.5HRC。
所述柔轮的金相组织为索氏体。
还可以对空冷后的柔轮胚料进行表面QPQ盐浴处理或也可气体渗氮处理; 渗氮层控制在0.035mm。
由实施例1-3可以看出,本发明通过对淬火和高温回火的温度和时间的优 化,强化了柔轮的力学性能,柔轮热处理后的表面硬度可以达到30~35HRC; 另外淬火时是根据柔轮的尺寸对热处理时间进行优化,从而保证了热处理的稳 定性。
以上所述并非对本发明的技术范围作任何限制,凡依据本发明技术实质对 以上的实施例所作的任何修改、等同变化与修饰,均仍属于本发明的技术方案 的范围内。

Claims (5)

1.一种柔轮热处理工艺,其特征在于:所述热处理工艺包括如下步骤:
(1)将所述柔轮胚料放入箱式电阻炉中;加热至740~760℃保温1~3h;
(2)随炉冷却至200℃出炉;
(3)检验球化组织,判断是否完全球化;
(4)检验退火柔轮胚料的硬度是否为170~210HBS;
(5)将上述出炉的柔轮胚料放入到保护气氛箱式电阻炉;加热至850~870℃;保温时间按所述柔轮胚料的直径Q来计算,所述刚轮胚料的直径为Qmm,则其保温时间为Qmin,保温Qmin后,油淬至室温;
(6)放入回火炉中,在570~590℃保温3~5h回火处理,出炉空冷至室温;
(7)检验空冷后的柔轮胚料的硬度是否达到30-35HRC。
2.其中所述柔轮胚料热处理后的成分及重量百分比为0.36~0.43%的C,0.15~0.35%的Si,0.60~0.90%的Mn,允许残余含量≤0.025%的S,允许残余含量≤0.025%的P,0.60~1.00%的Cr,1.60~2.00%的Ni,允许残余含量≤0.025%的Cu,0.15~0.30%的Mo,余量为铁和不可避免的杂质。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种柔轮热处理工艺,其特征在于:所述柔轮热处理后的表面硬度为30~35HRC。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种柔轮热处理工艺,其特征在于:所述柔轮的金相组织为索氏体。
5.根据权利要求1所述的一种柔轮热处理工艺,其特征在于:还可以对空冷后的柔轮胚料进行表面QPQ盐浴处理或也可气体渗氮处理;渗氮层控制在0.034~0.036mm。
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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102925812A (zh) * 2012-11-16 2013-02-13 武汉钢铁(集团)公司 一种汽车用热轧膜片弹簧钢及其生产方法

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