CN110289593B - Intelligent rural power network leakage protection system based on ubiquitous Internet of things - Google Patents
Intelligent rural power network leakage protection system based on ubiquitous Internet of things Download PDFInfo
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/08—Locating faults in cables, transmission lines, or networks
- G01R31/081—Locating faults in cables, transmission lines, or networks according to type of conductors
- G01R31/086—Locating faults in cables, transmission lines, or networks according to type of conductors in power transmission or distribution networks, i.e. with interconnected conductors
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/50—Testing of electric apparatus, lines, cables or components for short-circuits, continuity, leakage current or incorrect line connections
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
- H02H3/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection
- H02H3/006—Calibration or setting of parameters
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
- H02H3/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection
- H02H3/26—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection responsive to difference between voltages or between currents; responsive to phase angle between voltages or between currents
- H02H3/32—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection responsive to difference between voltages or between currents; responsive to phase angle between voltages or between currents involving comparison of the voltage or current values at corresponding points in different conductors of a single system, e.g. of currents in go and return conductors
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- H02J13/0075—
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02B90/20—Smart grids as enabling technology in buildings sector
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y04—INFORMATION OR COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES HAVING AN IMPACT ON OTHER TECHNOLOGY AREAS
- Y04S—SYSTEMS INTEGRATING TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO POWER NETWORK OPERATION, COMMUNICATION OR INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR IMPROVING THE ELECTRICAL POWER GENERATION, TRANSMISSION, DISTRIBUTION, MANAGEMENT OR USAGE, i.e. SMART GRIDS
- Y04S10/00—Systems supporting electrical power generation, transmission or distribution
- Y04S10/50—Systems or methods supporting the power network operation or management, involving a certain degree of interaction with the load-side end user applications
- Y04S10/52—Outage or fault management, e.g. fault detection or location
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y04—INFORMATION OR COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES HAVING AN IMPACT ON OTHER TECHNOLOGY AREAS
- Y04S—SYSTEMS INTEGRATING TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO POWER NETWORK OPERATION, COMMUNICATION OR INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR IMPROVING THE ELECTRICAL POWER GENERATION, TRANSMISSION, DISTRIBUTION, MANAGEMENT OR USAGE, i.e. SMART GRIDS
- Y04S40/00—Systems for electrical power generation, transmission, distribution or end-user application management characterised by the use of communication or information technologies, or communication or information technology specific aspects supporting them
- Y04S40/12—Systems for electrical power generation, transmission, distribution or end-user application management characterised by the use of communication or information technologies, or communication or information technology specific aspects supporting them characterised by data transport means between the monitoring, controlling or managing units and monitored, controlled or operated electrical equipment
- Y04S40/126—Systems for electrical power generation, transmission, distribution or end-user application management characterised by the use of communication or information technologies, or communication or information technology specific aspects supporting them characterised by data transport means between the monitoring, controlling or managing units and monitored, controlled or operated electrical equipment using wireless data transmission
Abstract
The invention discloses an intelligent rural power grid leakage protection system based on ubiquitous Internet of things, which comprises the following components: the system comprises a leakage protector, a communication gateway, a cloud end of a leakage protection system and a client end; the leakage total protector can judge whether human body electric shock current occurs or not, and if the human body electric shock current occurs, tripping action is carried out; the electric leakage protector can correct tripping action related parameters of the electric leakage protector based on the instruction; the cloud end of the electric leakage protection system can carry out hidden danger alarming and fault positioning; the client can configure parameters of the leakage protection system, check data of the leakage protection system and control the leakage protection system; the system can accurately cut off electric shock accidents through typical characteristics of human electric shock waves, is designed according to the characteristics of rural power grids, self-adaptively adjusts setting values according to various factors such as different seasonal conditions, power supply areas, rain and snow weather, load conditions and the like, sets parameters in a multi-stage leakage protection matching mode, and can position fault points to improve maintenance efficiency.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of power system safety, in particular to an intelligent rural power network leakage protection system based on ubiquitous Internet of things.
Background
With the continuous construction and transformation of rural power grids, rural power supply conditions are greatly improved, and electric energy quality and power supply reliability are greatly improved. The rural power grid of the whole country has pushed out the electricity leakage protector comprehensively, in order to prevent the casualty accident caused by direct contact electric shock and indirect contact electric shock of people, livestock that causes in the low-voltage overhead line operation trouble and power consumption of rural power grid. Although the comprehensive popularization of the electric leakage protector achieves remarkable effect, the rural electric shock accident is still far higher than that of a city due to the specificity of a rural power grid, and the main reason is as follows: the overall culture level is low, and the safety electricity utilization knowledge is lacking; rural power grid conditions are poor, such as complex wiring, ageing of lines, unreasonable installation of power equipment, insufficient installation of power protection devices and the like; the management staff is not high in level and is not good in management. Meanwhile, the specificity of the rural power grid, such as obvious seasonal, more temporary electric equipment, more operation errors and violation operations, poor quality of leakage protection products and the like, causes 80% of leakage protection actions to be caused by non-electric shock reasons, and the leakage protector frequently malfunctions and power failure accidents frequently happen, and finally has to exit the leakage protector to form vicious circle, so that the whole power grid loses the leakage protection function. According to statistics, the operation rate of the earth leakage protection in partial areas is not more than 70%, the integrity rate of the earth leakage protector is less than 75%, and the operation safety of rural power grids is seriously threatened.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems, the intelligent rural power grid leakage protection system based on the ubiquitous Internet of things can accurately cut off electric shock accidents through typical characteristics of human electric shock ripples, is designed according to the characteristics of rural power grids, self-adaptively adjusts setting values according to various factors such as different seasonal conditions, power supply areas, rain and snow weather, load conditions and the like, and is matched with setting parameters in multistage leakage protection, and maintenance efficiency can be improved by locating fault points.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the intelligent rural power grid leakage protection system based on the ubiquitous Internet of things comprises an intelligent rural power grid leakage protector, a communication gateway, an intelligent rural power grid leakage protector system cloud and a client, wherein the intelligent rural power grid leakage protector is divided into an intelligent total leakage protector and an intelligent middle leakage protector. The communication mode of the intelligent rural power grid leakage protector and the communication gateway is a wireless network (Lora (LoRaWAN), WIFI technology, power wireless private network) or a wired network, and the current common networking mode is a wireless Lora network.
The intelligent leakage intermediate-level protector has a leakage protection function, and can rapidly trip when the leakage current reaches a preset threshold value, and is accurate and rapid. The intelligent total protector not only has the leakage protection function, and when the leakage current reaches a preset threshold value, the intelligent total protector rapidly trips, but also has the function of comparing human body current with electric shock, so that whether the threshold value is exceeded or not can trip under the condition of human body electric shock is ensured, the personal safety is effectively protected, and the compensation risk is reduced. The intelligent leakage intermediate-level protector receives an instruction of the intelligent leakage protection system cloud, and can correct parameters, wherein the corrected parameters comprise: the current value of the leakage protection trip, other protection trip fixed values, protection action time and the like. The intelligent total leakage protector receives an instruction of an intelligent leakage protection system cloud, and can correct parameters, wherein the corrected parameters comprise: the electric leakage protection tripping current value, other protection tripping fixed values, protection action time, human body electric shock characteristic parameters, tripping similarity proportion and the like. The corrected parameter instructions are all formed by analyzing big data through the intelligent earth leakage protection system cloud, protection self-adaptive setting of various environments and seasons and the coordination of earth leakage protection at all levels are realized, so that the protection always accords with the actual condition of the site, and the protection at all levels can be mutually coordinated, supplemented and linked.
Wherein, realize human electric current electric shock in this system and compare the function, specifically include: the typical waveform of the human body current electric shock is calculated by a large number of biological experiments by using a three-element biological impedance model and a Cole-Cole impedance equation. And (3) carrying out Fourier change according to the normal operation harmonic component of the actual voltage of the power grid and the biological experiment electric shock waveform and the Cole-Cole theory, and calculating 4 parameter range values of the typical biological electric shock Cole-Cole by utilizing a least square fitting method. The characteristic code is used as a characteristic code of typical human body electric shock parameters. The judgment principle of the leakage protection action is that if the leakage protection action value is larger than the leakage protection action value, the protection is directly operated, if the leakage protection action value is smaller than the action value and larger than 6mA, the leakage resistance value under each frequency is obtained by utilizing each harmonic component of voltage and current, the leakage impedance Cole-Cole impedance 4 parameter is obtained by utilizing a least square fitting method, if the 4 parameter is within the typical parameter range value, the protection is operated, and if the 4 parameter is not within the range, the protection is not operated.
The intelligent rural power grid leakage protector is characterized in that fixed information such as fixed ID, address codes and the like is imported before installation, the intelligent rural power grid leakage protector is installed according to designed codes during installation, a system can automatically read the address codes of the intelligent rural power grid leakage protector after installation, a topology map is automatically generated, the topology map comprises installation addresses and detailed parameters of the intelligent rural power grid leakage protector, and other system equipment except the intelligent rural power grid leakage protector can be manually supplemented to enter the topology map. The cloud can issue instructions to the specific leakage protector through the fixed ID of the leakage protector. When a certain leakage protector is abnormal in communication, in a protection exit state, in protection action, in current-voltage index abnormality and the like, the communication abnormality, the protection action, the current-voltage index abnormality and the like can be highlighted in the rear-end topological graph, so that the fault positioning and abnormality alarming functions of the leakage protector are realized.
The communication gateway is installed to the station or the coverage area of the optical fiber network, and is divided into a normal communication gateway and a wireless blind-supplement gateway, when the distance between the intelligent leakage protector and the gateway is smaller than 3KM, the intelligent leakage protector directly communicates with the gateway, and when no communication gateway exists in the intelligent leakage protector 3KM, the wireless blind-supplement gateway enters the network as a network relay node, and the intelligent leakage protector communicates with the communication gateway through the wireless blind-supplement gateway.
The intelligent rural power grid electricity leakage protection system cloud is communicated with the intelligent electricity leakage protector of the sensing end equipment by utilizing the internet of things technology, receives the uploaded operation data of the intelligent electricity leakage protector, alarms hidden danger, receives fault waveforms during faults, and performs fault positioning. The intelligent leakage protection system cloud comprehensively analyzes weather characteristics, regional factors and seasonal characteristics by utilizing a big data technology, combines the past operation data to form leakage protection parameter correction, and issues the leakage protection parameter correction to a leakage protector to realize intelligent configuration and self-adaptive setting of the leakage protection.
The parameter correction of the system comprises the following steps: weather factors (humidity, wind power, rainfall degree and snowfall degree) share three-gear values, and each parameter corresponds to one influence factor and coefficient. When the vehicle is in 1 grade (namely in a normal range), the factors of all the influence factors are 1, and at the moment, weather factors do not influence the protection threshold parameters and the parameters are not corrected. When heavy rainfall weather and wind power exceeds standard, the influence factors of the rainfall and the wind power are changed from 1 to 2, weather factors influence the protection threshold parameters, and the protection parameter threshold is changed from a normal value to the parameters under the heavy rainfall and the strong wind power. When the weather is recovered to be normal, the influence factor coefficient is changed to be 1, and the leakage protection parameter threshold value is recovered to be a normal value.
The regional factor is generally a fixed parameter, and is initially determined when the device is in a farmland, a town center or a factory area, but if the long-term electricity consumption of the device is inconsistent with the electricity consumption of the area, the system automatically adjusts the parameter, so that the regional factor parameter is changed, and then the earth leakage protection threshold value is also changed according to the regional factor parameter. The regional factors are basically determined by the long-term load.
The seasonal features are mainly adjusted according to the parameters in busy and idle seasons, the seasonal factors are determined after the regional factors are determined, and the parameters are determined according to the long-term electricity utilization indexes of the different seasons in different regions. If the parameter is 1 in the farmland area during idle time, the seasonal characteristic of the farmland area is 1, and the electric leakage protection threshold is a normal value; in the busy season, the parameter 2 is set to 2, and the earth leakage protection threshold is set to the busy season threshold.
After the regional factors and the seasonal characteristic factors run for one year, if the electricity consumption load quantity is inconsistent with the electricity consumption load quantity statistics allowed by the original system, so that frequent tripping accidents occur, at the moment, the system adjusts the comprehensive electricity consumption index, thereby adjusting the electric leakage protection threshold value and enabling the load to be in a local actual condition.
Wherein, big data analysis and machine learning in this system are:
The data collected by the system comprises: the actual load amount of electricity used during operation, the voltage and current waveform during fault action, the local weather conditions (humidity, wind power, rainfall and snowfall), the action time of fault positioning, the position of a leakage protector during fault action, the running condition of the leakage protection of the existing parameters (whether false jump exists, whether correct action exists, whether the matching is reasonable before protection and the like), seasons (busy agriculture and idle in spring, summer, autumn and winter), the corresponding time of fault action, the voltage and current waveform during human body electric shock and the like. The built database comprises a leakage protection threshold database aiming at 15 influencing factors such as humidity, wind power, rainfall degree, snowfall degree, farmland area, town center, factory area, spring, summer, autumn, winter, busy agriculture, idle agriculture and the like, and corresponding correct protection thresholds and response time when different coefficients are used. A fault report database is established, which comprises fault action positions, fault action time thresholds, fault action time, voltage and current waveforms at fault, whether false tripping happens, whether protection is reasonable and the like. And establishing a human body electric shock waveform database, wherein the human body electric shock waveform database comprises electric shock voltage and current waveforms, cole-Cole data parameters, current values during parameter action, correctness during parameter action and the like.
Principle of system big data analysis:
The system big data mainly confirms two data, namely a leakage protection threshold value and correct human body electric shock waveform data. The mathematical model for analyzing the leakage protection threshold is mainly based on 15 influence factors and parameters, and the mathematical model of the influence factors is built so as to obtain the leakage protection threshold, and the construction of the mathematical model is mainly based on the experience value of long-term operation. The mathematical model of the human body electric shock waveform is mainly calculated according to the three-element biological impedance model and the Cole-Cole impedance equation, and the Cole-Cole parameters are updated according to the latest electric shock waveform during analysis, so that the accuracy of judging the electric shock of the human body by the database is improved.
The client comprises a mobile phone APP, control center software, a WeChat platform and the like, can be configured according to the needs of a client, and a user can view all data of the intelligent electric leakage protection system through the client, and comprises the following steps: the operation data, fault positioning data, current leakage protection fixed value and the like of the leakage protection are controlled by a user side to control the opening and closing of the leakage protector, manually adjust the leakage protection fixed value, system setting and the like. However, for power supply safety, only the control center software has active operation functions of controlling the switching of the leakage protector, manually adjusting the leakage protection fixed value, setting the system and the like, and the mobile phone APP and WeChat can only check the operation data, can receive fault early warning information and fault positioning reports and cannot actively control the setting of the leakage protector.
The one or more technical schemes provided by the application have at least the following technical effects or advantages:
1. the intelligent rural power grid leakage protection system is composed of an intelligent rural power grid leakage protector, a communication gateway, an intelligent rural power grid leakage protector system cloud and a client, and the sensing layer equipment is networked in a wireless mode.
2. The intelligent rural power network leakage protection system utilizes an Internet of things system and big data calculation, realizes protection constant value and protection action time self-adaptive setting according to weather, regions and seasons, and realizes protection self-adaptive matching.
3. The intelligent rural power network leakage protection system automatically generates a network topology diagram of a leakage protector, and realizes positioning of leakage protection faults, hidden danger alarming and the like by utilizing an Internet of things system.
4. The intelligent total protector not only has the leakage protection function, reaches the preset threshold value and trips rapidly, but also has the special comparison function of human body current electric shock, ensures that whether the threshold value is exceeded or not can trip under the condition of human body electric shock, effectively protects personal safety and reduces compensation risks.
5. The central processing module of the intelligent main protector adopts a high-end architecture of FPGA+DSP+ARM, and the DSP is provided with an EMIF and HPI interface, so that seamless connection between the intelligent main protector and the FPGA and the ARM is ensured.
6. The built-in algorithm of the intelligent rural power grid leakage protection system carries out automatic machine learning according to actual operation conditions, continuously learns according to the operation conditions of specific areas, and adjusts the algorithm.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of embodiments of the application and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the application and together with the description serve to explain the principles of the application;
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a system architecture of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an exemplary configuration of the intelligent rural power grid leakage protector of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the intelligent leakage intermediate-level protector of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the intelligent leakage protector of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the flow of the leakage protection operation of the intelligent total leakage protector according to the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the adaptive tuning function principle of the present invention;
fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of the machine learning function principle of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order that the above-recited objects, features and advantages of the present application will be more clearly understood, a more particular description of the application will be rendered by reference to the appended drawings and appended detailed description. In addition, the embodiments of the present application and the features in the embodiments may be combined with each other without collision.
In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention, but the present invention may be practiced in other ways than within the scope of the description, and therefore the scope of the invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.
Referring to fig. 1, a system architecture of the present invention is shown.
As shown in fig. 1, the present invention includes: the intelligent rural power grid leakage protector comprises an intelligent total leakage protector and an intelligent middle leakage protector. The communication mode of the intelligent rural power grid leakage protector and the communication gateway is a wireless network (Lora (LoRaWAN), WIFI technology, power wireless private network) or a wired network, and the current common networking mode is a wireless Lora network.
The intelligent leakage intermediate-level protector has a leakage protection function, and can reach a preset threshold value to trip rapidly, accurately and rapidly. The intelligent total protector not only has the leakage protection function, reaches the preset threshold value and trips rapidly, but also has the special comparison function of human body current electric shock, ensures that whether the threshold value is exceeded or not can trip under the condition of human body electric shock, effectively protects personal safety and reduces compensation risks. The intelligent leakage middle-level protector receives an instruction of the intelligent leakage protection system cloud, and can correct parameters, wherein the corrected parameters comprise: the current value of the leakage protection trip, other protection trip fixed values, protection action time and the like. The intelligent total leakage protector receives an instruction of an intelligent leakage protection system cloud, and can correct parameters, wherein the corrected parameters comprise: the electric leakage protection tripping current value, other protection tripping fixed values, protection action time, human body electric shock characteristic parameters, tripping similarity proportion and the like. The corrected parameters are all formed by analyzing big data through an intelligent electric leakage protection system cloud, protection self-adaptive setting of various environments and seasons and matching of electric leakage protection at all levels are achieved, protection always accords with actual conditions of the site, and mutual matching, supplement and linkage can be carried out among the protection at all levels.
The communication gateway is installed to the station or the coverage area of the optical fiber network, and is divided into a normal communication gateway and a wireless blind-supplement gateway, when the distance between the intelligent leakage protector and the gateway is smaller than 3KM, the intelligent leakage protector directly communicates with the gateway, when no communication gateway exists in the intelligent leakage protector 3KM, the wireless blind-supplement gateway enters the network as a network relay node, and the intelligent leakage protector communicates with the communication gateway through the wireless blind-supplement gateway.
The intelligent rural power network leakage protection system cloud is communicated with the intelligent leakage protector of the sensing end equipment by utilizing the internet of things technology, receives the uploaded operation data of the intelligent leakage protector, alarms hidden danger, receives fault waveforms during faults, and performs fault positioning. The intelligent leakage protection system cloud comprehensively analyzes weather characteristics, regional factors and seasonal characteristics by utilizing a big data technology, combines the past operation data to form leakage protection parameter correction, and issues the leakage protection parameter correction to a leakage protector to realize intelligent configuration and self-adaptive setting of the leakage protection.
The client comprises a mobile phone APP, control center software, a WeChat platform and the like, can be configured according to the needs of a client, and a user can view all data of the intelligent leakage protection system through the client, and comprises the following steps: the operation data, fault positioning data, current leakage protection fixed value and the like of the leakage protection are controlled by a user side to control the opening and closing of the leakage protector, manually adjust the leakage protection fixed value, system setting and the like. However, for power supply safety, only the control center software has active operation functions of controlling the switching of the leakage protector, manually adjusting the leakage protection fixed value, setting the system and the like, and the mobile phone APP and WeChat can only check the operation data, can receive fault early warning information and fault positioning reports and cannot actively control the setting of the leakage protector.
Referring to fig. 2, a schematic diagram of an exemplary configuration of the intelligent rural power grid leakage protector according to the present invention is shown.
As shown in fig. 2, a typical configuration scheme is:
The intelligent leakage total protector is arranged at the distribution transformer outlet, and the intelligent leakage middle-level protector is arranged in the branch line and the meter collecting box. The intelligent electric leakage intermediate level protector is divided into a three-phase intelligent electric leakage intermediate level protector and a single-phase intelligent electric leakage intermediate level protector, wherein the three-phase intelligent electric leakage intermediate level protector is arranged at a branch line, and the single-phase intelligent electric leakage intermediate level protector is arranged in a meter collecting box. The current household leakage protector is used as the end protection, the system is supplemented, and the end protection of the household leakage protector is considered when the protection parameters and the action time parameters are configured, so that the household leakage protector is ensured not to act simultaneously. The total energy conservation backs up the intermediate protection, and the intermediate protection backs up the end protection. The scheme can effectively reduce the misoperation probability of the total electric leakage protector, the trunk line and the branch line of the rural power grid, and reduce the influence range of faults, thereby reducing the power outage range and the power outage economic loss, and more importantly, the scheme provides a final insurance for the safety protection of human electric shock.
The intelligent rural power grid electricity leakage protector is provided with fixed ID, address code and other fixed information before installation, the intelligent rural power grid electricity leakage protector is installed according to the designed codes during installation, and after installation, the system can automatically read the address code of the electricity leakage protector and automatically generate a topological graph. The topology includes the installation address of the earth leakage protector and detailed parameters. The system equipment except the leakage protector can be manually supplemented to enter the topological graph. The cloud can issue instructions to the specific leakage protector through the fixed ID of the leakage protector. When a certain leakage protector is abnormal in communication, in a protection exit state, in protection action, in current-voltage index abnormality and the like, the communication abnormality, the protection action, the current-voltage index abnormality and the like can be highlighted in the rear-end topological graph, so that the fault positioning and abnormality alarming functions of the leakage protector are realized.
Referring to fig. 3, the intelligent leakage middle-stage protector of the present invention is schematically shown.
As shown in FIG. 3, the intelligent leakage intermediate-level protector consists of a sampling module, a signal processing module, an ADC, a power module, a test module, a singlechip, a tripping module, a protection switch and a communication module. The acquisition module acquires voltage and current of the protection circuit and transmits the voltage and current to the signal processing module, the signal processing module filters and amplifies signals and transmits the signals to the ADC, and the ADC converts the signals into digital signals and sends the digital signals to the singlechip for analysis. The singlechip compares the tripping threshold after receiving the signal, if the tripping threshold is exceeded, issues a tripping instruction to the tripping module, cuts off the power supply of the protection circuit, and thereby prevents electric shock accidents or electric leakage accidents. The test module is used for checking whether the leakage protector can act correctly or not, and whether the mechanism is sensitive and reliable or not, and the protection action is triggered by artificially generating a fault signal with a certain rated value after the button is pressed down through the test button and the resistor. The protection switch can control the input and the exit of the intelligent leakage protector, so that the operation and maintenance personnel can have a choice under special or extreme conditions, and the cloud platform can realize the remote control of the protection switch through the singlechip. The communication module receives the encoded data of the singlechip, communicates with the communication gateway, or receives the data issued by the cloud through the communication gateway and transmits the data to the singlechip. The singlechip realizes the calculation, analysis and processing functions of the whole intelligent leakage protector. The singlechip receives the cloud platform instruction to set parameters, modifies the data such as protection action threshold value, action time and the like, and rapidly reacts and issues a tripping instruction to the tripping module when the received acquisition signal is larger than the set threshold value. And the singlechip receives input and exit instructions of the cloud platform, transmits the input and exit instructions to the protection switch module, and realizes the input and exit of the intelligent leakage intermediate-level protector. The singlechip transmits current and voltage waveforms during faults and action conditions to the cloud platform for analysis and use, so as to form a fault report and adjust protection parameters. The singlechip is powered by the power supply module.
Referring to fig. 4, a schematic diagram of an intelligent leakage protector according to the present invention is shown.
As shown in fig. 4, the intelligent leakage total protector is composed of a sampling module, a signal processing module, an ADC, a power module, a test module, a central processing module, a tripping module, a mode selection module, and a communication module. The acquisition module acquires voltage and current of the protection circuit and transmits the voltage and current to the signal processing module, the signal processing module filters and amplifies signals and transmits the signals to the ADC, and the ADC converts the signals into digital signals and transmits the digital signals to the central processing module for analysis. The central processing module analyzes the acquired signals after receiving the signals, compares typical electric shock feature codes of human bodies with a leakage protection threshold, and if the characteristic code similarity threshold or the leakage protection threshold is exceeded, issues a tripping instruction to the tripping module, and cuts off the power supply of the protection circuit, thereby preventing electric shock accidents or leakage accidents. The communication module realizes the wired and wireless communication between the total leakage protection and the communication gateway. The test module is used for checking whether the leakage protector can act correctly or not, and whether the mechanism is sensitive and reliable or not, and the protection action is triggered by artificially generating a fault signal with a certain rated value after the button is pressed down through the test button and the resistor. The mode selection module can control the input and the exit of the line protection function of the intelligent total leakage protector, so that an operation and maintenance person can have a choice under special or extreme conditions, and the cloud platform can realize the remote control of the protection switch through the central processing module. Even if the mode selection module selects that the line protection function is in an exit state, the personal electric shock safety protection function cannot be exited, and the trip cannot be caused when the set protection threshold is exceeded, but the mode selection module can act similarly to the typical characteristic code of the personal electric shock, so that the personal safety can be ensured. Under extreme and special conditions, if the accidental electric leakage fault point is difficult to find and difficult to eliminate, the circuit protection function can be selectively withdrawn, so that frequent tripping of the electric leakage protector is avoided, frequent power failure of a power supply area is caused, the electric shock protection function of a human body is still kept, and the life safety is always ensured. The electric leakage protector can be directly withdrawn by one key, so that the phenomenon that part of electricians dismount the electric leakage protector or bypass the electric leakage protector due to trouble is avoided. The central processing module adopts a high-end architecture of FPGA+DSP+ARM, the FPGA is responsible for a signal acquisition function, the DSP is responsible for a calculation and analysis function, the ARM is responsible for a communication function, and the DSP is provided with EMIF and HPI interfaces, so that seamless connection between the DSP and the FPGA and the ARM is ensured. The ARM reads the encoded data from the DSP and uploads the encoded data to the cloud platform through the communication gateway. The ARM receives a cloud platform instruction from the communication gateway and transmits the cloud platform instruction to the DSP for parameter setting, and data such as a protection action threshold, action time, human body electric shock feature codes and the like are modified. The FPGA collects the digital signals transmitted by the ADC, the digital signals are transmitted to the DSP after being processed, the DSP performs analysis and calculation, and when the received collected signals are larger than the set protection threshold value, the digital signals react rapidly and a tripping instruction is issued to the tripping module. And the central processing module receives the input and exit instructions of the cloud platform, and transmits the input and exit instructions to the mode selection module to realize the input and exit of the line protection function of the intelligent total leakage protector. The central processing module transmits current and voltage waveforms and action conditions during faults to the cloud platform for analysis and use, and fault reports are formed and protection parameters are adjusted. The central processing module is powered by the power module.
Referring to fig. 5, a flow chart of the leakage protection operation of the intelligent leakage total protector according to the present invention is shown.
As shown in fig. 5, the flow chart of the leakage protection operation of the intelligent leakage total protector is shown. The acquisition module acquires voltage and current of the protection circuit and transmits the voltage and current to the signal processing module, the signal processing module filters and amplifies signals and transmits the signals to the ADC, and the ADC converts the signals into digital signals and transmits the digital signals to the central processing module for analysis. The central processing module firstly judges whether the abrupt change current exists or not, if the abrupt change current exists, the acquisition module continues to acquire signals, and if the abrupt change current exists, the abrupt change current is separated. The central processing module compares the separated abrupt current with the leakage protection threshold, if the abrupt current exceeds the leakage protection threshold, the central processing module directly issues a tripping instruction, and if the abrupt current does not exceed the tripping threshold, the central processing module extracts the characteristic code. When the line protection function is in an exit state, the leakage protection threshold value comparison is not performed, and the feature codes are directly extracted. Comparing the characteristic codes with the original human body electric shock characteristic codes, judging whether the characteristic code similarity threshold value is exceeded, and if the characteristic code similarity threshold value is exceeded, directly issuing a tripping instruction. The initial human body electric shock feature code of the system is calculated by typical biological electric shock feature codes, the system can also learn and adjust according to the electric shock condition of the human body after operation, and the accuracy of the human body electric shock feature code is ensured.
Referring to fig. 6, a schematic diagram of the adaptive tuning function of the present invention is shown.
As shown in fig. 6, an intelligent rural power grid leakage protection system based on ubiquitous internet of things has a self-adaptive setting function. The system can realize self-adaptive setting, the protection fixed value and the protection action time are obtained according to the local actual condition big data calculation, and the intelligent real-time adjustment is realized. The self-adaptive setting is determined by the comprehensive electricity utilization index and the comprehensive environment index. The comprehensive electricity utilization index consists of regional characteristics and seasonal characteristics, wherein the regional characteristics are determined according to the electricity utilization environment of the region (including farmland areas, town centers, factory areas and the like), and the electricity utilization indexes of different regions are determined according to the past operation experience; the season characteristics are determined according to the power consumption in busy and idle seasons, and different indexes are available in different seasons. The comprehensive environmental factors are determined according to real-time weather conditions, the system can be connected with a weather system, the weather factors are mainly (humidity, wind power, rainfall degree and snowfall degree) obtained through calculation according to different weather conditions, the weather factors are mainly determined according to electricity utilization indexes under different weather conditions, and meanwhile corresponding parameters can be adjusted when leakage protection tripping easily occurs under extreme weather conditions such as high temperature in summer, heavy rainfall, heavy snowfall and the like.
Referring to fig. 7, a schematic diagram of a machine learning function of the present invention is shown.
As shown in fig. 7, a machine learning function of an intelligent rural power grid leakage protection system based on ubiquitous internet of things. The big data algorithm built in the system can also automatically perform machine learning adjustment according to the actual operation condition, so that the system can be more pertinently adapted to the protected area, and the continuous learning adjustment algorithm is performed according to the operation condition of the area. When the intelligent leakage protector line protection is in an exit state, the system can inform maintenance personnel to carry out field maintenance. When a fault occurs, the system learns according to whether the leakage protector acts correctly, and if not, the system automatically fine-adjusts the internal algorithm so that the parameter adjustment meets the requirement of correct action. When a person gets an electric shock accident, the system can also collect an electric shock accident waveform, compare the electric shock accident waveform with the original electric shock waveform of the human body, and adjust the human body electric shock characteristic code and the similarity threshold.
While preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described, additional variations and modifications in those embodiments may occur to those skilled in the art once they learn of the basic inventive concepts. It is therefore intended that the following claims be interpreted as including the preferred embodiments and all such alterations and modifications as fall within the scope of the invention.
It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, it is intended that the present invention also include such modifications and alterations insofar as they come within the scope of the appended claims or the equivalents thereof.
Claims (5)
1. Intelligent rural power network earth leakage protection system based on ubiquitous internet of things, which is characterized by comprising:
The system comprises a leakage protector, a communication gateway, a cloud end of a leakage protection system and a client end; the leakage protector includes: a leakage total protector and a leakage intermediate-level protector; the electric leakage protector is in communication connection with the cloud of the electric leakage protection system through a communication gateway, the electric leakage total protector can judge whether human body electric shock current occurs or not, and tripping action is carried out if the human body electric shock current occurs; the electric leakage protector can receive an instruction sent by the cloud of the electric leakage protection system, and the tripping action related parameters of the electric leakage protector are corrected based on the instruction; the cloud end of the electric leakage protection system receives the operation data uploaded by the electric leakage protector, alarms hidden danger, receives fault waveforms when the power grid fails, and performs fault positioning; the client is in communication connection with the cloud of the leakage protection system, and the client can configure parameters of the leakage protection system through the cloud of the leakage protection system, check corresponding data of the leakage protection system and perform corresponding control operation on the leakage protection system;
The parameters for receiving the instruction correction sent by the cloud of the leakage protection system by the leakage middle-level protector comprise: the current value of the leakage protection tripping, other protection tripping fixed values and protection action time; the parameters for the total leakage protector to receive the instruction correction sent by the cloud of the leakage protection system comprise: the electric leakage protection tripping current value, other protection tripping constant values, protection action time, human body electric shock characteristic parameters and tripping similarity proportion; the corrected parameter instruction is generated by analyzing big data through the cloud of the electric leakage protection system; the data required to be collected by the cloud of the electric leakage protection system for large data analysis comprises: the method comprises the steps of using load quantity of a power grid in actual operation, voltage and current waveforms of the power grid in fault action, local weather conditions, action time of fault positioning, position of a leakage protector of the fault action, running conditions of the existing parameter leakage protection, seasons, corresponding time of the fault action and voltage and current waveforms of a human body in electric shock; based on the collected data, a corresponding big data analysis database is established, comprising: the system comprises a leakage protection threshold database, a fault report database and a human body electric shock waveform database; the leakage protection threshold value database stores influence factor data influencing the leakage protection threshold value; the fault report database stores: fault action position data, threshold value data during fault action, fault action time data, voltage and current waveform data during fault, error jump data and reasonable protection data; the human body electric shock waveform database stores: electric shock voltage and current waveform data, cole-Cole data parameter data, current value data during parameter action and accuracy data during parameter action;
The total leakage protector judges whether human body electric shock current appears or not, and specifically comprises: acquiring human body current electric shock waveform information through a biological electric shock experiment; based on the acquired human body current electric shock waveform information, calculating and obtaining a human body current electric shock typical waveform by utilizing a three-element biological impedance model and a Cole-Cole impedance equation; according to the normal operation harmonic component of the actual voltage of the power grid and the typical waveform of human body current electric shock, carrying out Fourier change according to the Cole-Cole theory, and calculating 4 preset human body electric shock parameter range values of the typical biological electric shock Cole-Cole by utilizing a least square fitting method; comparing the real-time electric leakage parameter obtained by the electric leakage total protector with a preset human body electric shock parameter range value, and judging whether human body electric shock current occurs or not based on a comparison result;
the leakage intermediate-level protector includes: the device comprises a sampling module, a signal processing module, an ADC, a power module, a test module, a singlechip, a tripping module, a protection switch and a communication module; the acquisition module acquires voltage and current of the protection circuit and transmits the voltage and current to the signal processing module, the signal processing module filters and amplifies signals and transmits the signals to the ADC, and the ADC converts the signals into digital signals and transmits the digital signals to the singlechip for analysis; comparing the tripping threshold after receiving the signal by the singlechip, and if the tripping threshold is exceeded, issuing a tripping instruction to a tripping module to cut off the power supply of the protection circuit; the test module is used for checking whether the leakage protector can work normally; the protection switch is used for controlling the input and the exit of the leakage intermediate-level protector; the cloud of the electric leakage protection system realizes remote control of the protection switch through the singlechip; the communication module receives the encoded data of the singlechip, communicates with the communication gateway, or receives the data issued by the cloud of the leakage protection system through the communication gateway and transmits the data to the singlechip; the singlechip realizes the calculation, analysis and processing functions of the whole leakage intermediate-level protector; the singlechip receives a cloud instruction of the leakage protection system to set parameters, modifies data such as a protection action threshold value and action time, and issues a tripping instruction to the tripping module when a received acquisition signal is greater than a set threshold value; the singlechip receives input and exit instructions of the cloud of the leakage protection system, and transmits the input and exit instructions to the protection switch module to realize input and exit of the leakage intermediate-level protector; the singlechip transmits current and voltage waveforms and action conditions during faults to the cloud of the leakage protection system for analysis and use, so as to form a fault report and adjust protection parameters; the singlechip is powered by the power supply module;
The total leakage protector includes: the system comprises a sampling module, a signal processing module, an ADC (analog to digital converter), a power module, a test module, a central processing module, a tripping module, a mode selection module and a communication module; the acquisition module acquires voltage and current of the protection circuit and transmits the voltage and current to the signal processing module, the signal processing module filters and amplifies signals and transmits the signals to the ADC, and the ADC converts the signals into digital signals and transmits the digital signals to the central processing module for analysis; the central processing module analyzes the acquired signals after receiving the signals, compares the characteristic codes of typical electric shock of a human body with the electric leakage protection threshold value, and if the characteristic code similarity threshold value or the electric leakage protection threshold value is exceeded, issues a tripping instruction to the tripping module, and cuts off the power supply of the protection circuit; the communication module is used for realizing the communication between the total leakage protector and the communication gateway; the test module is used for checking whether the total leakage protector can work normally or not; the mode selection module can control the input and the exit of the circuit protection function of the total leakage protector; the cloud of the electric leakage protection system realizes remote control of the protection switch through the central processing module; the central processing module adopts an FPGA+DSP+ARM architecture, the FPGA is responsible for a signal acquisition function, the DSP is responsible for a calculation and analysis function, the ARM is responsible for a communication function, and the ARM reads encoded data from the DSP and uploads the encoded data to the cloud of the electric leakage protection system through a communication gateway; ARM receives a cloud instruction of the leakage protection system from the communication gateway and transmits the cloud instruction to the DSP for parameter setting, and modifies protection action threshold, action time and human body electric shock feature code data; the FPGA acquires the digital signals transmitted by the ADC, the digital signals are transmitted to the DSP after being processed, the DSP performs analysis and calculation, and when the received acquired signals are larger than a set protection threshold value, a tripping instruction is issued to the tripping module; the central processing module receives input and exit instructions of the cloud of the leakage protection system, and transmits the input and exit instructions to the mode selection module to realize input and exit of the circuit protection function of the leakage total protector; the central processing module transmits current and voltage waveforms and action conditions during faults to the cloud of the electric leakage protection system for analysis and use, so as to form a fault report and adjust protection parameters; the central processing module is powered by the power module.
2. The intelligent rural power grid electricity leakage protection system based on the ubiquitous internet of things according to claim 1, wherein the electricity leakage protector has imported corresponding fixed information before installation, comprising: the electric leakage protection system can automatically read the address code of the electric leakage protector after installation, automatically generate a topological graph, wherein the topology comprises the installation address and detailed parameters of the electric leakage protector, and can be used for supplementing other system equipment except the electric leakage protector through a client.
3. The intelligent rural power grid electricity leakage protection system based on the ubiquitous internet of things according to claim 2, wherein the electricity leakage protection system cloud can issue instructions to specific electricity leakage protectors through the fixed IDs of the electricity leakage protectors; when a certain leakage protector is abnormal in communication or in a protection exit state or in protection action or current-voltage index abnormality, highlighting is carried out in a topological graph, so that fault positioning and abnormality alarming of the leakage protector are realized.
4. The intelligent rural power grid electricity leakage protection system based on the ubiquitous Internet of things according to claim 1, wherein the electricity leakage protection system cloud comprehensively analyzes weather characteristics, regional factors and seasonal characteristics by utilizing big data, and combines the past operation data to form electricity leakage protection parameter correction and sends the electricity leakage protection parameter correction to an electricity leakage protector.
5. The intelligent rural power grid electricity leakage protection system based on the ubiquitous internet of things according to claim 1, wherein an electricity leakage total protector is arranged at a distribution transformer outlet, and an electricity leakage middle-level protector is arranged in a branch line and a meter collecting box; the leakage intermediate-stage protector is divided into a three-phase leakage intermediate-stage protector and a single-phase leakage intermediate-stage protector, wherein the three-phase leakage intermediate-stage protector is arranged at the branch line, and the single-phase leakage intermediate-stage protector is arranged in the meter collecting box.
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