CN110284040A - 一种高性能低成本长寿命铝铬合金缸套的制备工艺 - Google Patents

一种高性能低成本长寿命铝铬合金缸套的制备工艺 Download PDF

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CN110284040A
CN110284040A CN201910677170.6A CN201910677170A CN110284040A CN 110284040 A CN110284040 A CN 110284040A CN 201910677170 A CN201910677170 A CN 201910677170A CN 110284040 A CN110284040 A CN 110284040A
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范兴宽
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种高性能低成本长寿命铝铬合金缸套的制备工艺,①把按配方称量的原料真空烘干后放入高速滚动球磨机中球磨20‑‑80小时,出磨过筛200目,然后把过筛料和纯净水放入搅拌磨中搅拌1‑‑4小时,同时加入0.5—2wt%分散剂和粘合剂,出磨对浆料进行陈腐和除泡,制备出固含量为60—70wt%的稳定浆料;②把稳定的浆料干燥、造粒制成平均粒径为100—200目,流动性为30—40秒,松装密度为1.0—1.8克/立方厘米,水分含量在0.4—1wt%的造粒粉;③把造粒粉在橡胶模具中冷等静压制成管状的合金毛坯,其中成型压力为130—250兆帕,保压时间为1—10分钟,对合金毛坯进行高温真空烧结,烧结温度为1500—1600度,保温3—6小时,真空度控制在‑0.098兆帕。

Description

一种高性能低成本长寿命铝铬合金缸套的制备工艺
技术领域
本发明属于特种结构合金材料,具体的说,涉及一种高性能低成本长寿命铝铬合金缸套的制备工艺。
背景技术
高压泥浆泵是石油钻井、地质勘探工作台的“心脏”,泥浆泵缸套是泥浆泵的重要组成部件。目前使用的泥浆泵缸套分为双金属缸套、纯氧化铝陶瓷缸套和纯氧化锆陶瓷缸套三种材质加工而成:由于工况十分恶劣,金属缸套不耐磨、不耐腐蚀,不耐冲刷,使用寿命很短;纯氧化铝陶瓷缸套强度和韧性低,在高压下容易破碎;纯氧化锆陶瓷缸套容易粉化,导热系数低,膨胀系数大,硬度低,容易损伤配套的活塞,同时加工成本高,仍不能达到理想效果。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于克服现有技术的不足,提供一种生产成本低,加工方法简单,工艺合理,产品质量稳定可靠的高性能低成本长寿命铝铬合金缸套的制备工艺。
本发明制备原料的配方为:以工业氧化铝粗粉为基,含量为50—80wt%,粒度在2--10微米之间,经过高温煅烧粉碎的氧化铝细粉5—20wt%,粒度在0.5--1.5微米之间,800目锆英石粉1-10wt%、800目金属钨粉0.2-2wt%、800目滑石粉0.2-2wt%、800目金属铬粉0.2-2wt%、800目金属锰粉0.2-2wt%、800目金属镍粉0.2-2wt%、800膨润土0.2-2wt%。
制备方法如下:
①把按配方称量的原料真空烘干后放入高速滚动球磨机中球磨20--80小时,出磨过筛200目,然后把过筛料和纯净水放入搅拌磨中搅拌1--4小时,同时加入0.5—2wt%分散剂和粘合剂,出磨对浆料进行陈腐和除泡,制备出固含量为60—70wt%的稳定浆料;
②把稳定的浆料干燥、造粒制成平均粒径为100—200目,流动性为30—40秒,松装密度为1.0—1.8克/立方厘米,水分含量在0.4—1wt%的造粒粉;
③把造粒粉在橡胶模具中冷等静压制成管状的合金毛坯,其中成型压力为130—250兆帕,保压时间为1—10分钟,对合金毛坯进行高温真空烧结,烧结温度为1500—1600度,保温3—6小时,真空度控制在-0.098兆帕;
④对经过高温真空烧结的合金管进行外圆和两个端面加工,将加工好的合金管放置到经过充分预热膨胀的金属外套内;
⑤对合金管内圆进行粗磨加工并抛光,从而制备出高性能低成本长寿命铝铬合金缸套。
经过加工的合金管和金属外套之间的过盈量为0.10—0.70毫米,合金管和金属外套之间的装配温度为300—600度,保温时间为1—6小时。
本发明制备方法简单,工艺合理,成品合格率高,生产成本大大降低,制备出的产品质量稳定可靠,产品使用寿命大大延长。
附图说明
图1为本发明的一种高性能低成本长寿命铝铬合金缸套的制备工艺的制品纵剖示意图。
具体设施方式
本发明公开的一种高性能低成本长寿命铝铬合金的缸套工艺,以工业氧化铝粗粉为基,加入经过高温煅烧粉碎的氧化铝细粉、锆英石粉、金属钨粉、滑石粉、金属铬粉、金属锰粉、金属镍粉、膨润土;将上述原料采用干法高速滚筒球磨、湿法搅拌球磨、喷雾干燥制成合金造粒粉,然后将合金造粒粉通过冷等静压成型、高温真空烧结加工成合金管,对合金管进行外圆和两个端面加工,将加工好的合金管放置到经过充分预热膨胀的金属外套内,自然冷却到室温后对合金管内圆粗磨并抛光,从而制备出高性能低成本长寿命铝铬合金缸套。本发明制备方法简单,工艺合理,成品合格率高,原材料成本低,制备出的产品质量稳定可靠,产品使用寿命大大延长,平均使用寿命不低于2000小时。
下面结合实施实例和附图1对本发明作进一步详细说明。
优选的实施例:
按配方称量工业氧化铝粗粉65wt%,平均粒度在6微米,氧化铝细粉20wt%,平均粒度在0.8微米,800目锆英石粉8wt%、800目金属钨粉1wt%、800目滑石粉1.5%、800目金属铬粉1wt%、800目金属锰粉1wt%、800目金属镍粉1wt%、800膨润土1.5wt%。
制备方法如下:
①把按配方称量的原料真空烘干后放入高速滚动球磨机中球磨50小时,出磨过筛200目,然后把过筛料和纯净水放入搅拌磨中搅拌2小时,同时加入2wt%分散剂和粘合剂,出磨对浆料进行陈腐和除泡,制备出固含量为65wt%的稳定浆料;
②把稳定的浆料干燥、造粒制成平均粒径为200目,流动性为38秒,松装密度为1.4克/立方厘米,水分含量在0.7wt%的造粒粉;
③把造粒粉在橡胶模具中冷等静压制成管状的合金毛坯,其中成型压力为180兆帕,保压时间为8分钟,对合金毛坯进行高温真空烧结,烧结温度为1550度,保温4小时,真空度控制在-0.098兆帕;
④对经过高温真空烧结的合金管2进行外圆和两个端面加工,将加工好的合金管2放置到经过充分预热膨胀的金属外套1内;
⑤对合金管2内圆进行粗磨加工并抛光,从而制备出高性能低成本长寿命铝铬合金缸套。
经过加工的合金管2和金属外套1之间的过盈量为0.45毫米,合金管2和金属外套1之间的装配温度为480度,保温时间为4小时。
实验数据:
磨耗(实验室)超过高铬铸铁50倍。
本实施例制备方法简单,工艺合理,成品合格率高,生产成本大大降低,制备出的产品质量稳定可靠,产品使用寿命大大延长。平均使用寿命不低于2000小时。
另一较为优选的实施例:
按配方称量工业氧化铝粗粉60wt%,平均粒度在7微米,氧化铝细粉15wt%,平均粒度在1微米,800目锆英石粉6wt%、800目金属钨粉0.6wt%、800目滑石粉0.8%、800目金属铬粉0.8wt%、800目金属锰粉0.9wt%、800目金属镍粉0.9wt%、800膨润土1.2wt%。
制备方法如下:
①把按配方称量的原料真空烘干后放入高速滚动球磨机中球磨40小时,出磨过筛200目,然后把过筛料和纯净水放入搅拌磨中搅拌3小时,同时加入1.5wt%分散剂和粘合剂,出磨对浆料进行陈腐和除泡,制备出固含量为60—70wt%的稳定浆料;
②把稳定的浆料干燥、造粒制成平均粒径为150目,流动性为35秒,松装密度为1.0—1.8克/立方厘米,水分含量在0.4—1wt%的造粒粉;
③把造粒粉在橡胶模具中冷等静压制成管状的合金毛坯,其中成型压力为220兆帕,保压时间为6分钟,对合金毛坯进行高温真空烧结,烧结温度为1600度,保温5小时,真空度控制在-0.098兆帕;
④对经过高温真空烧结的合金管2进行外圆和两个端面加工,将加工好的合金管2放置到经过充分预热膨胀的金属外套1内;
⑤对合金管2内圆进行粗磨加工并抛光,从而制备出高性能低成本长寿命铝铬合金缸套。
实验数据:
磨耗(实验室)超过高铬铸铁50倍。
经过加工的合金管2和金属外套1之间的过盈量为0.43毫米,合金管2和金属外套1之间的装配温度为493度,保温时间为5小时。
本实施例制备方法简单,工艺合理,成品合格率高,原材料成本低,制备出的产品质量稳定可靠,产品使用寿命大大延长,平均使用寿命同样不低于2000小时。

Claims (4)

1.一种高性能低成本长寿命铝铬合金缸套的制备工艺,其特征在于:以工业氧化铝粗粉为基,含量为50—80wt%,粒度在2--10微米之间,经过高温煅烧粉碎的氧化铝细粉5—20wt%,粒度在0.5--1.5微米之间,800目锆英石粉1-10wt%、800目金属钨粉0.2-2wt%、800目滑石粉0.2-2wt%、800目金属铬粉0.2-2wt%、800目金属锰粉0.2-2wt%、800目金属镍粉0.2-2wt%、800膨润土0.2-2wt%;
制备方法如下:
①把按配方称量的原料真空烘干后放入高速滚动球磨机中球磨20--80小时,出磨过筛200目,然后把过筛料和纯净水放入搅拌磨中搅拌1--4小时,同时加入0.5—2wt%分散剂和粘合剂,出磨对浆料进行陈腐和除泡,制备出固含量为60—70wt%的稳定浆料;
②把稳定的浆料干燥、造粒制成平均粒径为100—200目,流动性为30—40秒,松装密度为1.0—1.8克/立方厘米,水分含量在0.4—1wt%的造粒粉;
③把造粒粉在橡胶模具中冷等静压制成管状的合金毛坯,其中成型压力为130—250兆帕,保压时间为1—10分钟,对合金毛坯进行高温真空烧结,烧结温度为1500—1600度,保温3—6小时,真空度控制在-0.098兆帕;
④对经过高温真空烧结的合金管⑵进行外圆和两个端面加工,将加工好的合金管⑵放置到经过充分预热膨胀的金属外套⑴内;
⑤对合金管⑵内圆进行粗磨加工并抛光,从而制备出高性能低成本长寿命铝铬合金缸套。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种高性能低成本长寿命铝铬合金缸套的制备工艺,其特征在于:经过加工的合金管⑵和金属外套⑴之间的过盈量为0.10—0.70毫米,合金管⑵和金属外套⑴之间的装配温度为300—600度,保温时间为1—6小时。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种高性能低成本长寿命铝铬合金缸套的制备工艺,其特征在于:按配方称量工业氧化铝粗粉65wt%,平均粒度在6微米,氧化铝细粉20wt%,平均粒度在0.8微米,800目锆英石粉8wt%、800目金属钨粉1wt%、800目滑石粉1.5%、800目金属铬粉1wt%、800目金属锰粉1wt%、800目金属镍粉1wt%、800膨润土1.5wt%;
制备方法如下:
①把按配方称量的原料真空烘干后放入高速滚动球磨机中球磨50小时,出磨过筛200目,然后把过筛料和纯净水放入搅拌磨中搅拌2小时,同时加入2wt%分散剂和粘合剂,出磨对浆料进行陈腐和除泡,制备出固含量为65wt%的稳定浆料;
②把稳定的浆料干燥、造粒制成平均粒径为200目,流动性为38秒,松装密度为1.4克/立方厘米,水分含量在0.7wt%的造粒粉;
③把造粒粉在橡胶模具中冷等静压制成管状的合金毛坯,其中成型压力为180兆帕,保压时间为8分钟,对合金毛坯进行高温真空烧结,烧结温度为1550度,保温4小时,真空度控制在-0.098兆帕;
④对经过高温真空烧结的合金管⑵进行外圆和两个端面加工,将加工好的合金管⑵放置到经过充分预热膨胀的金属外套⑴内;
⑤对合金管⑵内圆进行粗磨加工并抛光,从而制备出高性能低成本长寿命铝铬合金缸套。
4.根据权利要求2或3所述的一种高性能低成本长寿命铝铬合金缸套的制备工艺,其特征在于:经过加工的合金管⑵和金属外套⑴之间的过盈量为0.45毫米,合金管⑵和金属外套⑴之间的装配温度为480度,保温时间为4小时。
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