CN110282978A - 碳化硅复合陶瓷泵和该陶瓷泵的生产工艺 - Google Patents
碳化硅复合陶瓷泵和该陶瓷泵的生产工艺 Download PDFInfo
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- CN110282978A CN110282978A CN201910571888.7A CN201910571888A CN110282978A CN 110282978 A CN110282978 A CN 110282978A CN 201910571888 A CN201910571888 A CN 201910571888A CN 110282978 A CN110282978 A CN 110282978A
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- silicon carbide
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- C04B37/023—Joining burned ceramic articles with other burned ceramic articles or other articles by heating with metallic articles characterised by the interlayer used
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Abstract
本发明涉及渣浆泵技术领域,公开了一种碳化硅复合陶瓷泵,包括泵壳、前护板、叶轮以及后护板,所述泵壳、所述前护板、所述叶轮以及所述后护板均包括有陶瓷本体部、树脂‑碳化硅组合粘接层以及金属骨架部,所述树脂‑碳化硅组合粘接层位于所述陶瓷本体部与所述金属骨架部之间,所述树脂‑碳化硅组合粘接层的体积密度为2.65‑2.9g/cm3,所述金属骨架部的外表面以及所述陶瓷本体部正对于所述金属骨架部的内壁上均设置有耐碱界面层,按质量份计所述耐碱界面层包括有以下组分:200目以下的碳化硅粉体20‑40份;环氧树脂40‑60份;稀释剂20‑40份;固化剂2‑3份;消泡剂0.4‑0.6份;流平剂0.3‑0.4份;偶联剂1‑2份。本发明能够适用于不同的工况。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及渣浆泵技术领域,特别涉及碳化硅复合陶瓷泵和该陶瓷泵的生产工艺。
背景技术
国内渣浆泵的过流部件的制造基本上都采用金属材料。金属泵由于其主要成分为有色金属,价格高昂,并且在稀硫酸、含氯离子等卤族元素的强氧化介质中同样发生腐蚀,不能满足工况条件的需要,使用寿命也很短;氟塑料、高分子量的聚乙烯等工程塑料材料尽管有优异的耐腐蚀性能,但材料本身机械强度不高,一般是和金属材料进行复合作用,由于此类材料和金属材料的热膨胀系数不一样,在温度比较高的介质中会造成塑料和金属材料的剥离,从而也会使泵零件损坏,因此限制了此材料的使用温度,并且塑料材料本身较软,不能用于含固体颗粒物较多的介质使用,此材料一般为模压成型,高昂的模具费用也限制了此材料用于大泵的制造。(金属材料耐磨但不耐腐蚀,橡胶材料耐腐蚀但不耐磨)
碳化硅陶瓷具有优良的耐磨、耐酸碱性能,但在陶瓷应用于渣浆泵并在大型化上存在很多问题:碳化硅陶瓷的大型化,制作难度和成本的成几何倍数增加,目前市场上应用碳化硅陶瓷的泵的叶轮尺寸不超过300mm;碳化硅陶瓷材料的耐强力磨蚀、抗冲击的性能有待进一步提高,目前市场开发的陶瓷泵的浆液输送最大颗粒尺寸不超过2mm;碳化硅陶瓷存在一定气孔导致浆液有渗漏问题。
碳化硅陶瓷材料中氮化硅结合碳化硅材料可实现大型、异形陶瓷泵部件的制作,目前采用现有的注浆成型工艺和浇注成型工艺能够完成产品的实现。但注浆成型工艺为保证注浆浆料的稳定性,原材料无大颗粒骨料,注浆成型水分在16%以上,产品坯体强度低,产品烘干烧成过程中,产品收缩变形量大,尺寸精度很难控制并极易产生裂纹。注浆产品的氮化硅结合碳化硅陶瓷材料的显气孔率在20%以上,体积密度在2.5g/cm3左右,常温抗折强度40MPa气孔的存在导致材料与输送浆液的接触面积大大增加,降低材料的耐腐蚀性能,且无法解决材料的渗漏问题,产品耐磨性能远远达不到要求。浇注成型工艺的成型水分能控制在10%左右,浇注产品的氮化硅结合碳化硅陶瓷材料的显气孔率在15%左右,体积密度在2.65g/cm3左右,常温抗折强度在50MPa左右,材料性能相比注浆成型工艺虽然也有了一定的改进提高,但在工况更为恶劣的大型重型渣浆泵领域,比如输送的浆液中具有颗粒尺寸在4-15mm、浆液流量大(3000m3/h)、浆液具有强磨蚀和强冲击性,或者输送氧化铝选矿行业中的强碱腐蚀浆液、高硬度(莫氏硬度7级)强磨蚀浆液的工况环境下,需要陶瓷泵同时具有良好的耐强磨蚀、碱腐蚀和抗冲击能力,目前国内外的陶瓷泵仍无法满足工况对材料的性能需求。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供碳化硅复合陶瓷泵和该陶瓷泵的生产工艺,旨在解决当前渣浆泵无法满足工况需求的问题。
本发明的上述技术目的是通过以下技术方案得以实现的:一种碳化硅复合陶瓷泵,包括泵壳、前护板、叶轮以及后护板,所述泵壳、所述前护板、所述叶轮以及所述后护板均包括有陶瓷本体部、树脂-碳化硅组合粘接层以及金属骨架部,所述树脂-碳化硅组合粘接层位于所述陶瓷本体部与所述金属骨架部之间,所述树脂-碳化硅组合粘接层的体积密度为2.65-2.9g/cm3,所述金属骨架部的外表面以及所述陶瓷本体部正对于所述金属骨架部的内壁上均设置有耐碱界面层,按质量份计所述耐碱界面层包括有以下组分:
本发明的进一步设置为:所述前护板和所述后护板均与所述泵壳扣接。
本发明还提供了一种制备如上任一项所述碳化硅复合陶瓷泵的方法,包括以下步骤:
S1,准备浇注料,对浇注料进行混合,备用;
S2,模具组装并固定模具,将组装好的模具固定在高频振动成型机上,其中模具具有成型型腔;
S3,浇注成型,启动高频振动成型机,将浇注料由模具上的下料口浇注入成型型腔,直到浇注料填充满整个型腔;
S4,脱模,将成型好的坯体静置1-2小时后,进行脱模;
S5,烘干和修坯,对脱模后的坯体进行烘干和修坯;
S6,烧制成型,将烘干好的坯体放置到高温氮化炉中,通氮气逐步升温至1400-1500℃进行氮化烧成,得到氮化硅结合碳化硅陶瓷结构件;
S7,对陶瓷结构件进行表面处理去除浮灰,然后将增强密闭液注入陶瓷结构件,并在60-120℃固化6-12小时;
S8,界面处理:在S7处理后的陶瓷结构件表面涂刷一层或多层耐碱界面层,并在60-120℃固化3-8小时,在金属骨架部表面涂刷一层或多层耐碱界面层,并在60-120℃固化3-6小时;
S9,将陶瓷结构与金属骨架部复合:将陶瓷结构和金属骨架部组装成为一体,将树脂-碳化硅组合粘接浆料通过高压填充到陶瓷结构和金属骨架部之间的缝隙,填充完成后放置在60-120℃固化6-12小时,分别得到碳化硅陶瓷复合叶轮、前护板、后护板和泵壳;
S10,将复合好的叶轮、前护板、后护板和泵壳与金属接合板、机械密封、托架组装成完整的渣浆泵;
按质量份计,S1中的浇注料包括有
碳化硅纤维或碳化硅晶须 0.5-1份 水,其中水的质量占浇注料的5%-8%。
本发明的进一步设置为:按质量份计,所述碳化硅砂包括有:
本发明的进一步设置为:所述S5中将脱模后的坯体在35-60℃条件下放置24-36小时后,进行修坯,修坯后再在100-140℃烘干24-48小时。
本发明的进一步设置为:所述S6中通氮气逐步升温的过程为:
S61,以20-50℃/h的速度升温至450-550℃,保持6-10h;
S62,以30-60℃/h的速度升温至850-950℃,保持2-4h;
S63,以30-50℃/h的速度升温至1050-1150℃,保持6-12h;
S64,以20-45℃/h的速度升温至1250-1350℃,保持1-3h;
S65,以20-40℃/h的速度升温至1400-1500℃,保持5-9h;
S66,自然降温至室温。
本发明的进一步设置为:所述增强密闭液包括有纳米级无机颗粒、硅溶胶、耐碱树脂、消泡剂、偶联剂、固化剂和溶剂。
本发明的进一步设置为:所述S9中树脂-碳化硅组合粘接浆料按质量份计包括有:
本发明的进一步设置为:所述树脂包括有环氧树脂、呋哺树脂、二甲苯树脂中的一种或几种混合。
本发明的进一步设置为:在所述陶瓷本体部上均设置有陶瓷块,所述陶瓷块设置于所述泵壳的隔舌和内腔壁上、所述前护板和所述后护板的中间位置处,所述叶轮包括有连接部以及连接部上的若干个弧形的叶片部,所述叶轮上的所述陶瓷块位于叶片部靠近连接部中心的的端部。
本发明的有益效果是:泵壳、前护板、叶轮以及后护板的截面都是具有五层的结构,即陶瓷本体部、耐碱界面层、树脂-碳化硅组合粘接层、耐碱界面层以及金属骨架部,浇注料配方中的大颗粒的碳化硅砂作为骨料,可提高陶瓷本体部的耐磨性能,并大大降低了浇注料成型所需的水分,保证浆料水分在8%以下,通过高频振动成型,使得浆料能够进行一定的流动,从而能够填充满模具的整个成型型腔,不仅使得模具静置较短时间,而且坯体还可具有较高的强度,还保证了材料在烘干烧成过程中收缩率较小,不易产生收缩裂纹,可以很好保证大型陶瓷件的尺寸精度。由于陶瓷本体部具有耐碱性,因此在工作时与碱液接触到的部分均能够较好的抗拒碱性溶液,同时金属骨架部的外表面都涂有耐碱界面层,耐碱界面层中的环氧树脂具有较好的抗碱性,因此即使部分金属骨架部接触到了碱液,也可以较好的防止碱液对金属骨架部产生腐蚀,渣浆泵整体的抗碱性效果好,可以适用于更多情况的工况。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例中的技术方案,下面将对实施例描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍,显而易见地,下面描述中的附图仅仅是本发明的一些实施例,对于本领域普通技术人员来讲,在不付出创造性劳动的前提下,还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1是本发明一种碳化硅复合陶瓷泵组装后部分结构一实施例的结构示意图;
图2是本发明一种碳化硅复合陶瓷泵一实施例的爆炸图,x所指示的为陶瓷块的安装位置;
图3是本发明一种碳化硅复合陶瓷泵中前护板/后护板与泵壳的扣接结构示意图一;
图4是本发明一种碳化硅复合陶瓷泵中前护板/后护板与泵壳的扣接结构示意图二;
图5是本发明一种碳化硅复合陶瓷泵中前护板/后护板与泵壳的扣接结构示意图三;
图6是本发明一种碳化硅复合陶瓷泵中前护板/后护板与泵壳的扣接结构示意图四。
图中,1、泵壳;2、前护板;3、叶轮;4、后护板;a、金属骨架部;b、陶瓷本体部;c、树脂-碳化硅组合粘接层。
具体实施方式
下面将结合附图以及具体实施例对本发明的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述。显然,所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明的一部分实施例,而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明的实施例,本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例,都属于本发明保护的范围。
实施例1
一种碳化硅复合陶瓷泵,如图1至图5所示,包括泵壳1、前护板2、叶轮3以及后护板4,所述泵壳1、所述前护板2、所述叶轮3以及所述后护板4均包括有陶瓷本体部b、树脂-碳化硅组合粘接层c以及金属骨架部a,所述树脂-碳化硅组合粘接层c位于所述陶瓷本体部b与所述金属骨架部a之间,所述金属骨架部a的外表面以及所述陶瓷本体部b正对于所述金属骨架部a的内壁上均设置有耐碱界面层,按质量份计所述耐碱界面层包括有以下组分:
所述前护板2和所述后护板4均与所述泵壳1扣接。
本发明还提供了一种碳化硅复合陶瓷泵的生产工艺,包括以下步骤:
S1,准备浇注料,对浇注料进行混合,备用;
S2,模具组装并固定模具,将组装好的模具固定在高频振动成型机上,其中模具具有成型型腔;
S3,浇注成型,启动高频振动成型机,将浇注料由模具上的下料口浇注入成型型腔,直到浇注料填充满整个型腔;
S4,脱模,将成型好的坯体静置2小时后,进行脱模;
S5,烘干和修坯,对脱模后的坯体进行烘干和修坯;
S6,烧制成型,将烘干好的坯体放置到高温氮化炉中,通氮气逐步升温至1400℃进行氮化烧成,得到氮化硅结合碳化硅陶瓷结构件;
S7,对陶瓷结构件进行表面处理去除浮灰,然后将增强密闭液注入陶瓷结构件,并在60℃固化6小时;
S8,界面处理:在S7处理后的陶瓷结构件表面涂刷一层或多层耐碱界面层,并在60℃固化8小时,在金属骨架部a表面涂刷一层或多层耐碱界面层,并在60℃固化6小时;
S9,将陶瓷结构与金属骨架部a复合:将陶瓷结构和金属骨架部a组装成为一体,将树脂-碳化硅组合粘接浆料通过高压填充到陶瓷结构和金属骨架部a之间的缝隙,填充完成后放置在60℃固化12小时,分别得到碳化硅陶瓷复合叶轮3、前护板2、后护板4和泵壳1;
S10,将复合好的叶轮3、前护板2、后护板4和泵壳1与金属接合板、机械密封、托架组装成完整的渣浆泵;
按质量份计,S1中的浇注料包括有
按质量份计,所述碳化硅砂包括有:
所述S5中将脱模后的坯体在60℃条件下放置24小时后,进行修坯,修坯后再在140℃烘干24小时。
所述S6中通氮气逐步升温的过程为:
S61,以50℃/h的速度升温至450℃,保持10h;
S62,以30℃/h的速度升温至950℃,保持2h;
S63,以50℃/h的速度升温至1050℃,保持12h;
S64,以20℃/h的速度升温至1350℃,保持1h;
S65,以40℃/h的速度升温至1400℃,保持9h;
S66,自然降温至室温。
所述增强密闭液通过如下步骤制备而成:以质量份计,将纳米氧化锆3份、纳米氮化铝6份、纳米二氧化钛5份、磷酸铝0.2份、三聚磷酸钠1份,硅溶胶5份,2份偶联剂KH-560,聚氧乙烯聚氧丙醇胺醚1份,丙酮3份,乙醇20份,聚酰胺树脂50份,甲基四氢苯二甲酸酐5份,六氢苯二甲酸酐1份,在30℃条件下混合均匀。
所述S9中树脂-碳化硅组合粘接浆料按质量份计包括有:
所述树脂为环氧树脂,份数为10份,偶联剂为3份KH550,固化剂为1份间苯二胺。
实施例2
一种碳化硅复合陶瓷泵,包括泵壳1、前护板2、叶轮3以及后护板4,所述泵壳1、所述前护板2、所述叶轮3以及所述后护板4均包括有陶瓷本体部b、树脂-碳化硅组合粘接层c以及金属骨架部a,所述树脂-碳化硅组合粘接层c位于所述陶瓷本体部b与所述金属骨架部a之间,所述金属骨架部a的外表面以及所述陶瓷本体部b正对于所述金属骨架部a的内壁上均设置有耐碱界面层,按质量份计所述耐碱界面层包括有以下组分:
所述前护板2和所述后护板4均与所述泵壳1扣接。
本发明还提供了一种碳化硅复合陶瓷泵的生产工艺,包括以下步骤:
S1,准备浇注料,对浇注料进行混合,备用;
S2,模具组装并固定模具,将组装好的模具固定在高频振动成型机上,其中模具具有成型型腔;
S3,浇注成型,启动高频振动成型机,将浇注料由模具上的下料口浇注入成型型腔,直到浇注料填充满整个型腔;
S4,脱模,将成型好的坯体静置1小时后,进行脱模;
S5,烘干和修坯,对脱模后的坯体进行烘干和修坯;
S6,烧制成型,将烘干好的坯体放置到高温氮化炉中,通氮气逐步升温至1500℃进行氮化烧成,得到氮化硅结合碳化硅陶瓷结构件;
S7,对陶瓷结构件进行表面处理去除浮灰,然后将增强密闭液注入陶瓷结构件,并在100℃固化6小时;
S8,界面处理:在S7处理后的陶瓷结构件表面涂刷一层或多层耐碱界面层,并在120℃固化3小时,在金属骨架部a表面涂刷一层或多层耐碱界面层,并在120℃固化3小时;
S9,将陶瓷结构与金属骨架部a复合:将陶瓷结构和金属骨架部a组装成为一体,将树脂-碳化硅组合粘接浆料通过高压填充到陶瓷结构和金属骨架部a之间的缝隙,填充完成后放置在120℃固化6小时,分别得到碳化硅陶瓷复合叶轮3、前护板2、后护板4和泵壳1;
S10,将复合好的叶轮3、前护板2、后护板4和泵壳1与金属接合板、机械密封、托架组装成完整的渣浆泵;
按质量份计,S1中的浇注料包括有
按质量份计,所述碳化硅砂包括有:
所述S5中将脱模后的坯体在35℃条件下放置36小时后,进行修坯,修坯后再在100℃烘干48小时。
所述S6中通氮气逐步升温的过程为:
S61,以20℃/h的速度升温至550℃,保持6h;
S62,以60℃/h的速度升温至850℃,保持2h;
S63,以30℃/h的速度升温至1150℃,保持6h;
S64,以45℃/h的速度升温至1250℃,保持3h;
S65,以20℃/h的速度升温至1500℃,保持5h;
S66,自然降温至室温。
所述增强密闭液通过如下步骤制备而成:以质量份计,将纳米氧化锆3份、纳米氮化铝6份、纳米二氧化钛3份、磷酸铝5份、三聚磷酸钠2份,硅溶胶2份,4份偶联剂KH-540,聚氧乙烯聚氧丙烯季戊四醇醚3份,环己酮7份,环己烷25份,糠酮树脂22份,邻苯二甲酸酐4份,在8℃条件下混合均匀。
所述S9中树脂-碳化硅组合粘接浆料按质量份计包括有:
所述树脂为2份糠醛树脂和2份二甲苯树脂,偶联剂为1份KH792,固化剂为2份二乙烯三胺。
实施例3
一种碳化硅复合陶瓷泵,包括泵壳1、前护板2、叶轮3以及后护板4,所述泵壳1、所述前护板2、所述叶轮3以及所述后护板4均包括有陶瓷本体部b、树脂-碳化硅组合粘接层c以及金属骨架部a,所述树脂-碳化硅组合粘接层c位于所述陶瓷本体部b与所述金属骨架部a之间,所述金属骨架部a的外表面以及所述陶瓷本体部b正对于所述金属骨架部a的内壁上均设置有耐碱界面层,按质量份计所述耐碱界面层包括有以下组分:
所述前护板2和所述后护板4均与所述泵壳1扣接。
本发明还提供了一种碳化硅复合陶瓷泵的生产工艺,包括以下步骤:
S1,准备浇注料,对浇注料进行混合,备用;
S2,模具组装并固定模具,将组装好的模具固定在高频振动成型机上,其中模具具有成型型腔;
S3,浇注成型,启动高频振动成型机,将浇注料由模具上的下料口浇注入成型型腔,直到浇注料填充满整个型腔;
S4,脱模,将成型好的坯体静置1.5小时后,进行脱模;
S5,烘干和修坯,对脱模后的坯体进行烘干和修坯;
S6,烧制成型,将烘干好的坯体放置到高温氮化炉中,通氮气逐步升温至1450℃进行氮化烧成,得到氮化硅结合碳化硅陶瓷结构件;
S7,对陶瓷结构件进行表面处理去除浮灰,然后将增强密闭液注入陶瓷结构件,并在80℃固化9小时;
S8,界面处理:在S7处理后的陶瓷结构件表面涂刷一层或多层耐碱界面层,并在80℃固化5小时,在金属骨架部a表面涂刷一层或多层耐碱界面层,并在110℃固化5小时;
S9,将陶瓷结构与金属骨架部a复合:将陶瓷结构和金属骨架部a组装成为一体,将树脂-碳化硅组合粘接浆料通过高压填充到陶瓷结构和金属骨架部a之间的缝隙,填充完成后放置在80℃固化10小时,分别得到碳化硅陶瓷复合叶轮3、前护板2、后护板4和泵壳1;
S10,将复合好的叶轮3、前护板2、后护板4和泵壳1与金属接合板、机械密封、托架组装成完整的渣浆泵;
按质量份计,S1中的浇注料包括有
按质量份计,所述碳化硅砂包括有:
所述S5中将脱模后的坯体在45℃条件下放置30小时后,进行修坯,修坯后再在110℃烘干36小时。
所述S6中通氮气逐步升温的过程为:
S61,以30℃/h的速度升温至500℃,保持8h;
S62,以40℃/h的速度升温至900℃,保持3h;
S63,以40℃/h的速度升温至1100℃,保持9h;
S64,以30℃/h的速度升温至1300℃,保持2h;
S65,以30℃/h的速度升温至1450℃,保持7h;
S66,自然降温至室温。
所述增强密闭液通过如下步骤制备而成:以质量份计,将纳米氧化锆6份、纳米氮化铝3份、纳米二氧化钛2份、磷酸铝1份、三聚磷酸钠5份,硅溶胶4份,8份偶联剂KH-540,聚二甲基硅氧烷2份,正丁醇8份,正丙醇15份,二甲苯树脂40份,过氧化二苯甲酰1份,过氧化苯甲酸叔丁酯1份,在30℃条件下混合均匀。
所述S9中树脂-碳化硅组合粘接浆料按质量份计包括有:
所述树脂包括有3份糠醇树脂和2份糠酮树脂,偶联剂为3份KH550,固化剂为2份二氨基环己烷DACH。
实施例4
一种碳化硅复合陶瓷泵,包括泵壳1、前护板2、叶轮3以及后护板4,所述泵壳1、所述前护板2、所述叶轮3以及所述后护板4均包括有陶瓷本体部b、树脂-碳化硅组合粘接层c以及金属骨架部a,所述树脂-碳化硅组合粘接层c位于所述陶瓷本体部b与所述金属骨架部a之间,所述金属骨架部a的外表面以及所述陶瓷本体部b正对于所述金属骨架部a的内壁上均设置有耐碱界面层,按质量份计所述耐碱界面层包括有以下组分:
所述前护板2和所述后护板4均与所述泵壳1扣接。
本发明还提供了一种碳化硅复合陶瓷泵的生产工艺,包括以下步骤:
S1,准备浇注料,对浇注料进行混合,备用;
S2,模具组装并固定模具,将组装好的模具固定在高频振动成型机上,其中模具具有成型型腔;
S3,浇注成型,启动高频振动成型机,将浇注料由模具上的下料口浇注入成型型腔,直到浇注料填充满整个型腔;
S4,脱模,将成型好的坯体静置1.8小时后,进行脱模;
S5,烘干和修坯,对脱模后的坯体进行烘干和修坯;
S6,烧制成型,将烘干好的坯体放置到高温氮化炉中,通氮气逐步升温至1420℃进行氮化烧成,得到氮化硅结合碳化硅陶瓷结构件;
S7,对陶瓷结构件进行表面处理去除浮灰,然后将增强密闭液注入陶瓷结构件,并在70℃固化10小时;
S8,界面处理:在S7处理后的陶瓷结构件表面涂刷一层或多层耐碱界面层,并在105℃固化7小时,在金属骨架部a表面涂刷一层或多层耐碱界面层,并在75℃固化5小时;
S9,将陶瓷结构与金属骨架部a复合:将陶瓷结构和金属骨架部a组装成为一体,将树脂-碳化硅组合粘接浆料通过高压填充到陶瓷结构和金属骨架部a之间的缝隙,填充完成后放置在100℃固化11小时,分别得到碳化硅陶瓷复合叶轮3、前护板2、后护板4和泵壳1;
S10,将复合好的叶轮3、前护板2、后护板4和泵壳1与金属接合板、机械密封、托架组装成完整的渣浆泵;
按质量份计,S1中的浇注料包括有
按质量份计,所述碳化硅砂包括有:
所述S5中将脱模后的坯体在50℃条件下放置30小时后,进行修坯,修坯后再在110℃烘干40小时。
所述S6中通氮气逐步升温的过程为:
S61,以40℃/h的速度升温至480℃,保持6.5h;
S62,以55℃/h的速度升温至920℃,保持3.5h;
S63,以40℃/h的速度升温至1120℃,保持7h;
S64,以38℃/h的速度升温至1280℃,保持2.5h;
S65,以22℃/h的速度升温至1420℃,保持8.5h;
S66,自然降温至室温。
所述增强密闭液通过如下步骤制备而成:以质量份计,将纳米氧化锆3份、纳米氮化铝7份、纳米二氧化钛6份、磷酸铝2份、三聚磷酸钠4份,硅溶胶5份,2份偶联剂KH-540,聚二甲基硅氧烷6份,正丁醇6份,正丙醇15份,糠醛树脂14份,过氧化二苯甲酰2份,过氧化苯甲酸叔丁酯1份,在35℃条件下混合均匀。
所述S9中树脂-碳化硅组合粘接浆料按质量份计包括有:
所述树脂为3份环氧树脂和3份二甲苯树脂,偶联剂为5份KH570,固化剂为2份N-氨乙基哌嗪。
其中,实施例一致实施例四种的结合剂的成分都是质量比为1:1:1:1的:CMC(羧甲基纤维素钠),PVA(聚乙烯醇),木质素磺酸盐,硅溶胶。添加剂都是质量比为1:1:1:1的:硅铁粉,硅微粉,氧化钇,钇稳定氧化锆。而且前护板2和后护板4均与泵壳1扣接的方式如图3至图6所示,一共有四种扣接的方式,可以提高前护板2、后护板4与泵壳1之间连接的密封性和稳定性。
通过实施例一致实施例四制造的渣浆泵流量均在160-4500m3/h之间,扬程均在11-110m之间,转速均在50-1550r/min之间,效率均在65%-82%之间。适用于碱浓度(35%NaOH及以下,具有耐碱性),重量浓度≤70%,最大颗粒尺寸≤15mm(具有耐强磨蚀性),温度≤100℃的介质的输送,同等工况环境使用寿命是传统泵的4倍以上。实施例一至四的陶瓷本体部的体积密度在2.75-2.95g/cm3之间,显气孔率都≤1%,常温抗折强度达到100MPa以上,封闭了氮化硅结合碳化硅材料的大部分气孔,有效减少了碳化硅颗粒与具有腐蚀的浆液的接触面积并解决浆液渗漏,提高材料的耐酸碱腐蚀性能;氮化硅结合碳化硅的材料中加入碳化硅大颗粒(2.3-6.7mm),提高材料的耐强磨蚀性能。
同时,树脂-碳化硅组合粘接层c,采用粗中细碳化硅颗粒为骨料,加入特定的树脂和添加剂,使得浆料具有很好的流动性,能够通过高压填充满陶瓷与金属之间的空隙,在不高于120℃的情况下固化,形成体积密度在2.65-2.9g/cm3之间,常温抗折强度≥80MPa的粘接材料,能够将陶瓷与金属复合粘接为一体。
实施例一至四种的泵壳1、前护板2、叶轮3和后护板4上都还可以设置陶瓷块(或镶块),其中陶瓷块设置在泵壳1、前护板2、叶轮3和后护板4上抗冲击要求高的地方,即泵壳1的隔舌和内腔壁上,护板的中间位置处,叶轮3包括有连接部以及连接部上的若干个弧形的叶片部(用于驱动液体活动),叶轮3上的陶瓷块位于叶片部靠近连接部中心的的端部。其中不同位置的陶瓷块的制作工艺相同,只是形状不同,陶瓷块的材料均为反应烧结碳化硅陶瓷、无压烧结碳化硅陶瓷、重结晶碳化硅陶瓷或者氮化硅结合碳化硅、氧化锆的陶瓷中的某一种,也可以根据实际情况选用其他的耐冲击和耐磨的陶瓷材料或其他材料。
需要说明的是,本说明书中各个实施例采用递进的方式描述,每个实施例重点说明的都是与其他实施例的不同之处,各个实施例之间相同相似部分互相参见即可。
上述描述仅是对本发明较佳实施例的描述,并非对本发明范围的任何限定,本发明领域的普通技术人员根据上述揭示内容做的任何变更、修饰,均属于权利要求书的保护范围。
Claims (10)
1.一种碳化硅复合陶瓷泵,其特征在于:包括泵壳(1)、前护板(2)、叶轮(3)以及后护板(4),所述泵壳(1)、所述前护板(2)、所述叶轮(3)以及所述后护板(4)均包括有陶瓷本体部(b)、树脂-碳化硅组合粘接层(c)以及金属骨架部(a),所述树脂-碳化硅组合粘接层(c)位于所述陶瓷本体部(b)与所述金属骨架部(a)之间,所述树脂-碳化硅组合粘接层(c)的体积密度为2.65-2.9g/cm3,所述金属骨架部(a)的外表面以及所述陶瓷本体部(b)正对于所述金属骨架部(a)的内壁上均设置有耐碱界面层,按质量份计所述耐碱界面层包括有以下组分:
2.根据权利要求1所述的碳化硅复合陶瓷泵,其特征在于:所述前护板(2)和所述后护板(4)均与所述泵壳(1)扣接。
3.一种生产如权利要求1至2任一项所述碳化硅复合陶瓷泵的工艺,其特征在于:包括以下步骤:
S1,准备浇注料,对浇注料进行混合,备用;
S2,模具组装并固定模具,将组装好的模具固定在高频振动成型机上,其中模具具有成型型腔;
S3,浇注成型,启动高频振动成型机,将浇注料由模具上的下料口浇注入成型型腔,直到浇注料填充满整个型腔;
S4,脱模,将成型好的坯体静置1-2小时后,进行脱模;
S5,烘干和修坯,对脱模后的坯体进行烘干和修坯;
S6,烧制成型,将烘干好的坯体放置到高温氮化炉中,通氮气逐步升温至1400-1500℃进行氮化烧成,得到氮化硅结合碳化硅陶瓷结构件;
S7,对陶瓷结构件进行表面处理去除浮灰,然后将增强密闭液注入陶瓷结构件,并在60-120℃固化6-12小时;
S8,界面处理:在S7处理后的陶瓷结构件表面涂刷一层或多层耐碱界面层,并在60-120℃固化3-8小时,在金属骨架部(a)表面涂刷一层或多层耐碱界面层,并在60-120℃固化3-6小时;
S9,将陶瓷结构与金属骨架部(a)复合:将陶瓷结构和金属骨架部(a)组装成为一体,将树脂-碳化硅组合粘接浆料通过高压填充到陶瓷结构和金属骨架部(a)之间的缝隙,填充完成后放置在60-120℃固化6-12小时,分别得到碳化硅陶瓷复合叶轮(3)、前护板(2)、后护板(4)和泵壳(1);
S10,将复合好的叶轮(3)、前护板(2)、后护板(4)和泵壳(1)与金属接合板、机械密封、托架组装成完整的渣浆泵;
按质量份计,S1中的浇注料包括有
4.根据权利要求3所述的一种碳化硅复合陶瓷泵的生产工艺,其特征在于:按质量份计,所述碳化硅砂包括有:
5.根据权利要求4所述的一种碳化硅复合陶瓷泵的生产工艺,其特征在于:所述S5中将脱模后的坯体在35-60℃条件下放置24-36小时后,进行修坯,修坯后再在100-140℃烘干24-48小时。
6.根据权利要求4所述的一种碳化硅复合陶瓷泵的生产工艺,其特征在于:所述S6中通氮气逐步升温的过程为:
S61,以20-50℃/h的速度升温至450-550℃,保持6-10h;
S62,以30-60℃/h的速度升温至850-950℃,保持2-4h;
S63,以30-50℃/h的速度升温至1050-1150℃,保持6-12h;
S64,以20-45℃/h的速度升温至1250-1350℃,保持1-3h;
S65,以20-40℃/h的速度升温至1400-1500℃,保持5-9h;
S66,自然降温至室温。
7.根据权利要求4所述的一种碳化硅复合陶瓷泵的生产工艺,其特征在于:所述增强密闭液包括有纳米级无机颗粒、硅溶胶、耐碱树脂、消泡剂、偶联剂、固化剂和溶剂。
8.根据权利要求4所述的一种碳化硅复合陶瓷泵的生产工艺,其特征在于:所述S9中树脂-碳化硅组合粘接浆料按质量份计包括有:
9.根据权利要求8所述的一种碳化硅复合陶瓷泵的生产工艺,其特征在于:所述树脂包括有环氧树脂、呋哺树脂、二甲苯树脂中的一种或几种混合。
10.根据权利要求3所述的一种碳化硅复合陶瓷泵的生产工艺,其特征在于:在所述陶瓷本体部(b)上均设置有陶瓷块,所述陶瓷块设置于所述泵壳(1)的隔舌和内腔壁上、所述前护板(2)和所述后护板(3)的中间位置处,所述叶轮(3)包括有连接部以及连接部上的若干个弧形的叶片部,所述叶轮(3)上的所述陶瓷块位于叶片部靠近连接部中心的的端部。
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