CN110278843A - A kind of light simplified cultivation method of rice resistant to high temperatures - Google Patents
A kind of light simplified cultivation method of rice resistant to high temperatures Download PDFInfo
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- CN110278843A CN110278843A CN201910704043.0A CN201910704043A CN110278843A CN 110278843 A CN110278843 A CN 110278843A CN 201910704043 A CN201910704043 A CN 201910704043A CN 110278843 A CN110278843 A CN 110278843A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C1/00—Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C1/00—Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
- A01C1/08—Immunising seed
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/20—Cereals
- A01G22/22—Rice
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01H—NEW PLANTS OR NON-TRANSGENIC PROCESSES FOR OBTAINING THEM; PLANT REPRODUCTION BY TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES
- A01H1/00—Processes for modifying genotypes ; Plants characterised by associated natural traits
- A01H1/06—Processes for producing mutations, e.g. treatment with chemicals or with radiation
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of light simplified cultivation methods of rice resistant to high temperatures, it is characterized in that, include the following steps: the selection of kind resistant to high temperatures, Seeds preprocess, base selection, date of seeding adjustment, cultivate strong seedling and transplanting, straw-returning, balance fertilizing, pest control, a kind of light simplified cultivation method of rice resistant to high temperatures of the present invention, it proposes the light and simple cultivation technique measure for mitigating high temperature damage, improving yield and improving rice quality, reduce greenhouse gas emission, there is excellent production benefit, quality benefit and environmental benefit.The rice varieties for selecting high-temperature resistance strong, young spike development and heading stage avoid the hot hours of high temperature and drought, so as to reduce Climatic regionalization loss caused by rice；Date of seeding is reasonably adjusted, rice anthesis is made to avoid the time of high temperature stress, mitigates hot weather bring adverse effect.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to field of agricultural cultivation, the light simplified cultivation method of specifically a kind of rice resistant to high temperatures.
Background technique
China Yangtze river basin is the important plantation area of rice, and annual rice cultivation is having the major part flowering and grouting phase just
It is worth summer High Temperature season.High temperature apparition and Rice Flowering pustulation period coincide, often because caused by Climatic regionalization rice sky it is not plump
Grain rate is high, setting percentage declines, and causes rice quality to deteriorate, yield reduction, decline in benefits, influences peasant's enthusiasm for production and rice
Production, adversely affects China's grain security.
High temperature causes the growthdevelopmental stage of hot evil and rice closely related in rice, that is to say, that only high temperature apparition and water
Heat harmful generation of just having ready conditions when rice coincide to certain breeding time of high temperature sensitive.Rice Heading florescence optimum temperature is 25-
30 DEG C, in 20 DEG C of low temperature below, fertilization process cannot be all completed, forms ghost.But encounter 35 DEG C or more high temperature, equally to by
Smart process has an adverse effect, and Empty grain rate can increase significantly.Many studies have shown that rice florescence meet high temperature interfere pollen at
In the germination of column cap and the elongation of pollen tube, nonfertilization resulting from is most tight to causing harm for rice for ripe, anther dehiscence, pollen
Weight, this period is also sensitive periods of the rice to high temperature, and the same day of especially blooming meets high temperature stress, easily induces little Hua infertility and makes
At crossing barriers, setting percentage and yield are seriously affected.
Since industrialization degree aggravation and mankind's activity increase, the influence of greenhouse effects, weather have the tendency that gradual warming up,
Climatic regionalization occurrence frequency is increasing, therefore how in advance prevention rice heat evil is just eager one solved as rice expert
Important topic.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of light simplified cultivation methods of rice resistant to high temperatures, to solve above-mentioned background technique
The problem of middle proposition.
To achieve the above object, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
A kind of light simplified cultivation method of rice resistant to high temperatures, includes the following steps:
(1) selection of kind resistant to high temperatures: selection high-temperature resistance is strong, strong drought resistance, adapts to the climate change of single cropping Indica Rice Region
Under the conditions of high yield regenerate rice varieties, seed purity be not less than 99%, germination percentage be not less than 90%；
(2) Seeds preprocess: first immersing seed in strong brine and impregnate 2-3 hours, carries out sterilization processing；Again will after pulling out
Seed immerses in Theravite impregnates 2.5-4h at 26-30 DEG C, pressure 0.1-0.2MPa, in Theravite
It can be improved that seed is anti-oxidant and resistance ability containing multivitamin, then seed be subjected to magnetization breeding, 29-32 DEG C of temperature,
Carbon dioxide volumetric concentration is 0.15%-0.20%, and oxygen volumetric concentration is 28%-29%, carbon dioxide enriched and oxygen content
Seed cell vigor can be stimulated, germinating growth is improved, frequency of use is that the every 1 time/30min of 1-2MPa and 4-5MPa is alternately cut respectively
Frequency is changed, circulation carries out 3-4 times, and in 29-32 DEG C of constant temperature culture 6h, then carries out magnetization breeding, and circulation is magnetized
Mutagenesis seed is made in breeding and constant temperature incubation 3-4 times；The high-intensity magnetic field that magnetizer generates can be changed cell tissue structure and generate resistance to
High temperature character individual plants, checker can be improved using magnetic frequency in two to cell mutation effect, and magnetization is repeated
Breeding and constant temperature incubation have the damage for improving Mutagenic Effect and reduction high-intensity magnetic field to seed；
(3) base selection: selection fertile soil, irrigation and drainage are convenient, and without saline and alkaline rice field, first spreading 2000Kg per acre in rice field has
Machine fertilizer, then 25-30cm deep ploughing is carried out to rice field, then discharge water soaked field, depth of water 15-20cm, and when soaked field puts into fungicide, fungicide
Concentration be 20-30g/L, fungicide is by carbendazim and metalaxyl metalaxyl wettable powder by its EC50 value with volume ratio 2-4:
1 mixing is constituted；After the completion of soaked field, it is carefully whole to carry out 20-25cm intensive cultivation when rice field is half-dried for draining, it is desirable that and soil is fine crushing soft,
Field face is smooth；
(4) date of seeding, adjusts: since the continuous high temperature of long period under normal conditions was generally concentrated on late July to August
Ten days rice anthesis is made to avoid hot weather, avoids or mitigate the Climatic regionalization extent of injury, it can be according to selected rice varieties
Breeding time, adjustment date of seeding, postpones till mid-May and is sowed, to avoid high temperature florescence；
(5) cultivate strong seedling and transplanting: by treated, seed rice carries out greenhouse seedling, and rice shoot requires healthy and strong neat, length of time rice seedlings grow 35-
40d, single plant tiller 2-3, leaf age 6.0-6.5 leaf；Transplanting rice shoot wants stem foot slightly flat, and blade blueness endures, and root polychrome is white, and the length of time rice seedlings grow is
15-20d, plant height 15-18cm, leaf age 3.5-4 leaf；Strong seedling is selected, is transplanted strong seedling to base by machinery；
(6) straw-returning: rice straw is cut into the section of 20-40 ㎝ by machinery by mid-July, then by stalk section
It is sprinkling upon the gap between rice seedling, it is possible to reduce evaporation reduces 2-4 DEG C of rice shoot surface temperature；
(7) balance fertilizing: transplanting carries out primary additional compound fertilizer in latter week, compound fertilizer includes: rabbit excrement 25- per acre
38kg, sugar residue 11-15kg, calcium magnesium phosphate 9-15kg, bacteria residue 3-5kg, acrylic acid 2-5kg, diammonium hydrogen phosphate 1-4kg, sulfuric acid are sub-
Iron 3-5kg, urea 12-15kg, polypeptide chelate potassium 3-7kg, phosphorus pentoxide 2-6kg, kelp residue 2-4kg, anti-acid carboxymethyl
Sodium cellulosate 1-4kg, amino acid 3-6kg；When rice is in seedling stage, nitrogenous foliar fertilizer is sprayed in rice tri-leaf period, is promoted
Rice seedlings strain growth；When rice is in tillering stage, the supplement of microelement is carried out；When rice is in heading stage, potassium is supplemented
Fertilizer；It is forbidden to use nitrate fertilizer, the harvest fertilising of stopping in first 30 days；
(8) pest control: spraying 6% oligosaccharides catenin wettable powder on rice, and monthly 2-3 times, 6% oligosaccharides
Catenin WP on Rice banded sclerotial blight, false smut have good preventive effect, can improve rice high-temperature resistance and tiller
Rate increases effective fringe, improves setting percentage and yield, 15% or more volume increase；
Frequency vibration instrument, black light lamp or gyplure stick is cooperated to carry out expelling parasite deinsectization simultaneously；Prevent and kill off the plague of rats using frequency vibration instrument rat destruction or
Medicament protection against rodents.
The mass ratio of raw material is vitamin A: vitamin B: vitamin D: vitamin in step (2) Theravite
E: deionized water=1-5:3-6:2-4:5-15:1000.
In step (7), compound fertilizer includes: rabbit excrement 32kg, sugar residue 14kg, calcium magnesium phosphate 12kg, bacteria residue 4kg, propylene per acre
Sour 3.5kg, diammonium hydrogen phosphate 3kg, ferrous sulfate 4kg, urea 13kg, polypeptide chelate potassium 5kg, phosphorus pentoxide 4kg, kelp residue
3.5kg, acid-resistant sodium carboxymethylcellulose 3kg, amino acid 4.5kg.
In step (7), compound fertilizer includes: rabbit excrement 25kg, sugar residue 11kg, calcium magnesium phosphate 9kg, bacteria residue 3kg, acrylic acid per acre
2kg, diammonium hydrogen phosphate 1kg, ferrous sulfate 3kg, urea 12kg, polypeptide chelate potassium 3kg, phosphorus pentoxide 2kg, kelp residue 2kg,
Acid-resistant sodium carboxymethylcellulose 1kg, amino acid 3kg.
In step (7), compound fertilizer includes: rabbit excrement 38kg, sugar residue 15kg, calcium magnesium phosphate 15kg, bacteria residue 5kg, propylene per acre
Sour 5kg, diammonium hydrogen phosphate 4kg, ferrous sulfate 5kg, urea 15kg, polypeptide chelate potassium 7kg, phosphorus pentoxide 6kg, kelp residue
4kg, acid-resistant sodium carboxymethylcellulose 4kg, amino acid 6kg.
Compared with prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:
A kind of light simplified cultivation method of rice resistant to high temperatures of the present invention proposes to mitigate high temperature damage, improves yield and improvement
Rice quality, the light and simple cultivation technique measure for reducing greenhouse gas emission have excellent production benefit, quality benefit and ring
Border benefit.Mainly from the selection of kind resistant to high temperatures, Seeds preprocess, base selection, date of seeding adjustment, the strong seedling of cultivation and transplanting, straw
The measures such as stalk returning to the field, balance fertilizing, pest control improve.
The rice varieties for selecting high-temperature resistance strong, young spike development and heading stage avoid the hot hours of high temperature and drought,
So as to reduce Climatic regionalization loss caused by rice；Date of seeding is reasonably adjusted, rice anthesis is made to avoid high temperature stress
Time mitigates hot weather bring adverse effect；
In Seeds preprocess step, first seed is immersed in strong brine and is impregnated, carries out sterilization processing；Again by seed after pulling out
It immerses in Theravite and impregnates, its in Theravite contains multivitamin with stronger anti-oxidant and group
Repair ability is knitted, the damage of antibiotic and electromagnetism mutation source to seed germ part can be reduced, then seed is subjected to magnetization breeding,
Seed cell can be excited active, promote germination growth, and magnetization is carried out to seed using the magnetizer of two kinds of frequencies and is lured
Becoming, the high-intensity magnetic field generated can generate variation to seed cell internal structure, so that the seed for adapting to hot environment is generated, it is different
Frequency magnatic field alternately switches it and generates irregular magnetic field, can be improved and changes efficiency to Interior Seed structure, and passes through magnetization
Breeding and constant temperature incubation alternately, can carry out effective magnetizing interference to germination each stage, seeds mutagenesis promoted to generate, and
And can avoid long-time hard magnetization effect and will cause the irreversible damage of seed, improve the survival rate of seed after variation.
Straw-returning step, it is possible to reduce evaporation, reduction 2-4 DEG C of cooling effect of rice shoot surface temperature is fairly obvious, at least
Sterile grain rate 15-28% can be reduced；For the influence for mitigating Climatic regionalization, increase rice yield.
Specific embodiment
Embodiment 1
A kind of light simplified cultivation method of rice resistant to high temperatures, includes the following steps:
(1) selection of kind resistant to high temperatures: selection high-temperature resistance is strong, strong drought resistance, adapts to the climate change of single cropping Indica Rice Region
Under the conditions of high yield regenerate rice varieties, seed purity be not less than 99%, germination percentage be not less than 90%；
(2) Seeds preprocess: first immersing seed in strong brine and impregnate 2 hours, carries out sterilization processing；It again will kind after pulling out
Son immerses in Theravite and impregnates 2.5h at 26 DEG C, pressure 0.1MPa, the quality of raw material in Theravite
Ratio is vitamin A: vitamin B: vitamin D: vitamin E: deionized water=1:3:2:5:1000, in Theravite
It can be improved that seed is anti-oxidant and resistance ability containing multivitamin, then seed be subjected to magnetization breeding, 29 DEG C of temperature, dioxy
Changing carbon volumetric concentration is 0.15%0%, and oxygen volumetric concentration is 28%%, and carbon dioxide enriched and oxygen content can stimulate kind careful
Born of the same parents' vigor improves germinating growth, and frequency of use is that the every 1 time/30min of 1MPa and 4MPa replaces switching frequency respectively, and circulation carries out 3
It is secondary, and in 29 DEG C of constant temperature culture 6h, then magnetization breeding is carried out, circulation carries out magnetization breeding and constant temperature incubation 3 times, is made
Mutagenesis seed；The high-intensity magnetic field that magnetizer generates can be changed cell tissue structure and generate high temperature resistant character individual plants, alternately become
Changing can be improved using magnetic frequency in two to cell mutation effect, and magnetization breeding and constant temperature incubation is repeated, and has and improves
The damage of Mutagenic Effect and reduction high-intensity magnetic field to seed；
(3) base selection: selection fertile soil, irrigation and drainage are convenient, and without saline and alkaline rice field, first spreading 2000Kg per acre in rice field has
Machine fertilizer, then 25cm deep ploughing is carried out to rice field, then discharge water soaked field, depth of water 15cm, and when soaked field puts into fungicide, the concentration of fungicide
For 20g/L, fungicide is mixed with volume ratio 2: 1 by its EC50 value with metalaxyl metalaxyl wettable powder by carbendazim and is constituted；
After the completion of soaked field, draining it is carefully whole to carry out 20cm intensive cultivation, it is desirable that soil is fine crushing soft, and field face is smooth when rice field is half-dried；
(4) date of seeding, adjusts: since the continuous high temperature of long period under normal conditions was generally concentrated on late July to August
Ten days rice anthesis is made to avoid hot weather, avoids or mitigate the Climatic regionalization extent of injury, it can be according to selected rice varieties
Breeding time, adjustment date of seeding, postpones till mid-May and is sowed, to avoid high temperature florescence；
(5) cultivate strong seedling and transplanting: by treated, seed rice carries out greenhouse seedling, and rice shoot requires healthy and strong neat, length of time rice seedlings grow 35-
40d, single plant tiller 2-3, leaf age 6.0-6.5 leaf；Transplanting rice shoot wants stem foot slightly flat, and blade blueness endures, and root polychrome is white, and the length of time rice seedlings grow is
15-20d, plant height 15-18cm, leaf age 3.5-4 leaf；Strong seedling is selected, is transplanted strong seedling to base by machinery；
(6) straw-returning: rice straw is cut into the section of 20 ㎝ by machinery, then stalk section is spread by mid-July
Gap between rice seedling, it is possible to reduce evaporation reduces 2-4 DEG C of rice shoot surface temperature；
(7) balance fertilizing: transplanting carries out primary additional compound fertilizer in latter week, compound fertilizer includes: rabbit excrement 25kg, sugar per acre
Slag 11kg, calcium magnesium phosphate 9kg, bacteria residue 3kg, acrylic acid 2kg, diammonium hydrogen phosphate 1kg, ferrous sulfate 3kg, urea 12kg, polypeptide
Chelate potassium 3kg, phosphorus pentoxide 2kg, kelp residue 2kg, acid-resistant sodium carboxymethylcellulose 1kg, amino acid 3kg；At rice
When seedling stage, nitrogenous foliar fertilizer is sprayed in rice tri-leaf period, promotes rice seedlings strain growth；When rice is in tillering stage, into
The supplement of row microelement；When rice is in heading stage, potash fertilizer is supplemented；It is forbidden to use nitrate fertilizer, harvests first 30 days and stops
Fertilising；
(8) pest control: spraying 6% oligosaccharides catenin wettable powder on rice, and monthly 2-3 times, 6% oligosaccharides
Catenin WP on Rice banded sclerotial blight, false smut have good preventive effect, can improve rice high-temperature resistance and tiller
Rate increases effective fringe, improves setting percentage and yield, 15% or more volume increase；
Frequency vibration instrument, black light lamp or gyplure stick is cooperated to carry out expelling parasite deinsectization simultaneously；Prevent and kill off the plague of rats using frequency vibration instrument rat destruction or
Medicament protection against rodents.
Embodiment 2
A kind of light simplified cultivation method of rice resistant to high temperatures, includes the following steps:
(1) selection of kind resistant to high temperatures: selection high-temperature resistance is strong, strong drought resistance, adapts to the climate change of single cropping Indica Rice Region
Under the conditions of high yield regenerate rice varieties, seed purity be not less than 99%, germination percentage be not less than 90%；
(2) Seeds preprocess: first immersing seed in strong brine and impregnate 3 hours, carries out sterilization processing；It again will kind after pulling out
Son immerses in Theravite and impregnates 4h at 30 DEG C, pressure 0.2MPa, the mass ratio of raw material in Theravite
Example is vitamin A: vitamin B: vitamin D: vitamin E: deionized water=5:6:4:15:1000, in Theravite
It can be improved that seed is anti-oxidant and resistance ability containing multivitamin, then seed be subjected to magnetization breeding, 32 DEG C of temperature, dioxy
Change carbon volumetric concentration is 0.15%-0.20%, and oxygen volumetric concentration is 28%-29%, and carbon dioxide enriched and oxygen content can pierce
Swashing seed cell vigor, improves germinating growth, frequency of use is that the every 1 time/30min of 2MPa and 5MPa replaces switching frequency respectively,
Circulation carries out 4 times, and in 32 DEG C of constant temperature culture 6h, then carries out magnetization breeding, and circulation carries out magnetization breeding and constant temperature training
It supports 4 times, mutagenesis seed is made；The high-intensity magnetic field that magnetizer generates can be changed cell tissue structure and generate high temperature resistant character plant
Body, checker can be improved using magnetic frequency in two to cell mutation effect, and magnetization breeding and constant temperature incubation is repeated,
With raising Mutagenic Effect and reduce damage of the high-intensity magnetic field to seed；
(3) base selection: selection fertile soil, irrigation and drainage are convenient, and without saline and alkaline rice field, first spreading 2000Kg per acre in rice field has
Machine fertilizer, then 30cm deep ploughing is carried out to rice field, then discharge water soaked field, depth of water 20cm, and when soaked field puts into fungicide, the concentration of fungicide
For 30g/L, fungicide is mixed with volume ratio 4: 1 by its EC50 value with metalaxyl metalaxyl wettable powder by carbendazim and is constituted；
After the completion of soaked field, draining it is carefully whole to carry out 25cm intensive cultivation, it is desirable that soil is fine crushing soft, and field face is smooth when rice field is half-dried；
(4) date of seeding, adjusts: since the continuous high temperature of long period under normal conditions was generally concentrated on late July to August
Ten days rice anthesis is made to avoid hot weather, avoids or mitigate the Climatic regionalization extent of injury, it can be according to selected rice varieties
Breeding time, adjustment date of seeding, postpones till mid-May and is sowed, to avoid high temperature florescence；
(5) cultivate strong seedling and transplanting: by treated, seed rice carries out greenhouse seedling, and rice shoot requires healthy and strong neat, length of time rice seedlings grow 35-
40d, single plant tiller 2-3, leaf age 6.0-6.5 leaf；Transplanting rice shoot wants stem foot slightly flat, and blade blueness endures, and root polychrome is white, and the length of time rice seedlings grow is
15-20d, plant height 15-18cm, leaf age 3.5-4 leaf；Strong seedling is selected, is transplanted strong seedling to base by machinery；
(6) straw-returning: rice straw is cut into the section of 40 ㎝ by machinery, then stalk section is spread by mid-July
Gap between rice seedling, it is possible to reduce evaporation reduces 2-4 DEG C of rice shoot surface temperature；
(7) balance fertilizing: transplanting carries out primary additional compound fertilizer in latter week, compound fertilizer includes: rabbit excrement 38kg, sugar per acre
Slag 15kg, calcium magnesium phosphate 15kg, bacteria residue 5kg, acrylic acid 5kg, diammonium hydrogen phosphate 4kg, ferrous sulfate 5kg, urea 15kg, polypeptide
Chelate potassium 7kg, phosphorus pentoxide 6kg, kelp residue 4kg, acid-resistant sodium carboxymethylcellulose 4kg, amino acid 6kg；At rice
When seedling stage, nitrogenous foliar fertilizer is sprayed in rice tri-leaf period, promotes rice seedlings strain growth；When rice is in tillering stage, into
The supplement of row microelement；When rice is in heading stage, potash fertilizer is supplemented；It is forbidden to use nitrate fertilizer, harvests first 30 days and stops
Fertilising；
(8) pest control: spraying 6% oligosaccharides catenin wettable powder on rice, and monthly 2-3 times, 6% oligosaccharides
Catenin WP on Rice banded sclerotial blight, false smut have good preventive effect, can improve rice high-temperature resistance and tiller
Rate increases effective fringe, improves setting percentage and yield, 15% or more volume increase；
Frequency vibration instrument, black light lamp or gyplure stick is cooperated to carry out expelling parasite deinsectization simultaneously；Prevent and kill off the plague of rats using frequency vibration instrument rat destruction or
Medicament protection against rodents.
Embodiment 3
A kind of light simplified cultivation method of rice resistant to high temperatures, includes the following steps:
(1) selection of kind resistant to high temperatures: selection high-temperature resistance is strong, strong drought resistance, adapts to the climate change of single cropping Indica Rice Region
Under the conditions of high yield regenerate rice varieties, seed purity be not less than 99%, germination percentage be not less than 90%；
(2) Seeds preprocess: first immersing seed in strong brine and impregnate 2.5 hours, carries out sterilization processing；Again will after pulling out
Seed immerses in Theravite and impregnates 3.5h at 28 DEG C, pressure 0.1MPa, the matter of raw material in Theravite
Amount ratio is vitamin A: vitamin B: vitamin D: vitamin E: deionized water=3:4:2-4:10:1000, multi-vitamins
It can be improved containing multivitamin that seed is anti-oxidant and resistance ability in solution, then seed be subjected to magnetization breeding, temperature 31
DEG C, carbon dioxide volumetric concentration is 0.18%, and oxygen volumetric concentration is 28%, and carbon dioxide enriched and oxygen content can stimulate seed
Cell viability improves germinating growth, and frequency of use is that the every 1 time/30min of 1.5MPa and 4.5MPa replaces switching frequency respectively, follows
Ring carries out 3 times, and in 31 DEG C of constant temperature culture 6h, then carries out magnetization breeding, and circulation carries out magnetization breeding and constant temperature incubation 3
It is secondary, mutagenesis seed is made；The high-intensity magnetic field that magnetizer generates can be changed cell tissue structure and generate high temperature resistant character individual plants,
Checker can be improved using magnetic frequency in two to cell mutation effect, and magnetization breeding and constant temperature incubation is repeated, tool
It is improved Mutagenic Effect and reduces damage of the high-intensity magnetic field to seed；
(3) base selection: selection fertile soil, irrigation and drainage are convenient, and without saline and alkaline rice field, first spreading 2000Kg per acre in rice field has
Machine fertilizer, then 28cm deep ploughing is carried out to rice field, then discharge water soaked field, depth of water 18cm, and when soaked field puts into fungicide, the concentration of fungicide
For 25g/L, fungicide is mixed with volume ratio 3: 1 by its EC50 value with metalaxyl metalaxyl wettable powder by carbendazim and is constituted；
After the completion of soaked field, draining it is carefully whole to carry out 23cm intensive cultivation, it is desirable that soil is fine crushing soft, and field face is smooth when rice field is half-dried；
(4) date of seeding, adjusts: since the continuous high temperature of long period under normal conditions was generally concentrated on late July to August
Ten days rice anthesis is made to avoid hot weather, avoids or mitigate the Climatic regionalization extent of injury, it can be according to selected rice varieties
Breeding time, adjustment date of seeding, postpones till mid-May and is sowed, to avoid high temperature florescence；
(5) cultivate strong seedling and transplanting: by treated, seed rice carries out greenhouse seedling, and rice shoot requires healthy and strong neat, length of time rice seedlings grow 35-
40d, single plant tiller 2-3, leaf age 6.0-6.5 leaf；Transplanting rice shoot wants stem foot slightly flat, and blade blueness endures, and root polychrome is white, and the length of time rice seedlings grow is
15-20d, plant height 15-18cm, leaf age 3.5-4 leaf；Strong seedling is selected, is transplanted strong seedling to base by machinery；
(6) straw-returning: rice straw is cut into the section of 30 ㎝ by machinery, then stalk section is spread by mid-July
Gap between rice seedling, it is possible to reduce evaporation reduces 2-4 DEG C of rice shoot surface temperature；
(7) balance fertilizing: transplanting carries out primary additional compound fertilizer in latter week, compound fertilizer includes: rabbit excrement 32kg, sugar per acre
It is slag 14kg, calcium magnesium phosphate 12kg, bacteria residue 4kg, acrylic acid 3.5kg, diammonium hydrogen phosphate 3kg, ferrous sulfate 4kg, urea 13kg, more
Peptide chelates potassium 5kg, phosphorus pentoxide 4kg, kelp residue 3.5kg, acid-resistant sodium carboxymethylcellulose 3kg, amino acid 4.5kg；?
When rice is in seedling stage, nitrogenous foliar fertilizer is sprayed in rice tri-leaf period, promotes rice seedlings strain growth；Tillering stage is in rice
When, carry out the supplement of microelement；When rice is in heading stage, potash fertilizer is supplemented；It is forbidden to use nitrate fertilizer, is harvested first 30 days
Stop fertilising；
(8) pest control: spraying 6% oligosaccharides catenin wettable powder on rice, and monthly 2-3 times, 6% oligosaccharides
Catenin WP on Rice banded sclerotial blight, false smut have good preventive effect, can improve rice high-temperature resistance and tiller
Rate increases effective fringe, improves setting percentage and yield, 15% or more volume increase；
Frequency vibration instrument, black light lamp or gyplure stick is cooperated to carry out expelling parasite deinsectization simultaneously；Prevent and kill off the plague of rats using frequency vibration instrument rat destruction or
Medicament protection against rodents.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of light simplified cultivation method of rice resistant to high temperatures, which comprises the steps of:
(1) selection of kind resistant to high temperatures: selection high-temperature resistance is strong, strong drought resistance, adapts to single cropping Indica Rice Region climate
Under high yield regenerate rice varieties, seed purity be not less than 99%, germination percentage be not less than 90%；
(2) Seeds preprocess: first immersing seed in strong brine and impregnate 2-3 hours, carries out sterilization processing；Again by seed after pulling out
It immerses in Theravite and impregnates 2.5-4h at 26-30 DEG C, pressure 0.1-0.2MPa, then seed is subjected to magnetization and is educated
Kind, 29-32 DEG C of temperature, carbon dioxide volumetric concentration is 0.15%-0.20%, and oxygen volumetric concentration is 28%-29%, rich dioxy
Seed cell vigor can be stimulated by changing carbon and oxygen content, improve germinating growth, and frequency of use is 1-2MPa and 4-5MPa every 1 respectively
Secondary/30min replaces switching frequency, and circulation carries out 3-4 times, and in 29-32 DEG C of constant temperature culture 6h, then carries out magnetization and educate
Kind, circulation carries out magnetization breeding and constant temperature incubation 3-4 times；
(3) base selection: selection fertile soil, irrigation and drainage are convenient, and without saline and alkaline rice field, it is organic first to spread 2000Kg per acre in rice field
Fertilizer, then 25-30cm deep ploughing is carried out to rice field, then discharge water soaked field, depth of water 15-20cm, and when soaked field puts into fungicide, fungicide
Concentration is 20-30g/L, and fungicide is by carbendazim and metalaxyl metalaxyl wettable powder by its EC50 value with volume ratio 2-4: 1
Mixing is constituted；After the completion of soaked field, draining it is carefully whole to carry out 20-25cm intensive cultivation, it is desirable that soil is fine crushing soft, field when rice field is half-dried
Face is smooth；
(4) date of seeding, adjusts: since the continuous high temperature of long period under normal conditions is generally concentrated at late July to early August, making
Rice anthesis avoids hot weather, avoids or mitigate the Climatic regionalization extent of injury, can be according to the life of selected rice varieties
It educates the phase, adjustment date of seeding postpones till mid-May and sowed, to avoid high temperature florescence；
(5) cultivate strong seedling and transplanting: by treated, seed rice carries out greenhouse seedling, and rice shoot requires healthy and strong neat, length of time rice seedlings grow 35-40d,
Single plant tiller 2-3, leaf age 6.0-6.5 leaf；Transplanting rice shoot wants stem foot slightly flat, and blade blueness endures, and root polychrome is white, length of time rice seedlings grow 15-
20d, plant height 15-18cm, leaf age 3.5-4 leaf；Strong seedling is selected, is transplanted strong seedling to base by machinery；
(6) straw-returning: rice straw is cut into the section of 20-40 ㎝ by machinery, then stalk section is sprinkling upon by mid-July
Gap between rice seedling, it is possible to reduce evaporation reduces 2-4 DEG C of rice shoot surface temperature；
(7) balance fertilizing: transplanting carries out primary additional compound fertilizer in latter week, compound fertilizer includes: rabbit excrement 25-38kg, sugar per acre
Slag 11-15kg, calcium magnesium phosphate 9-15kg, bacteria residue 3-5kg, acrylic acid 2-5kg, diammonium hydrogen phosphate 1-4kg, ferrous sulfate 3-5kg,
Urea 12-15kg, polypeptide chelate potassium 3-7kg, phosphorus pentoxide 2-6kg, kelp residue 2-4kg, acid-resistant sodium carboxymethylcellulose
1-4kg, amino acid 3-6kg；When rice is in seedling stage, nitrogenous foliar fertilizer is sprayed in rice tri-leaf period, promotes rice seedlings strain
Growth；When rice is in tillering stage, the supplement of microelement is carried out；When rice is in heading stage, potash fertilizer is supplemented；Forbid making
With nitrate fertilizer, the fertilising of stopping in first 30 days is harvested；
(8) pest control: spraying 6% oligosaccharides catenin wettable powder on rice, and monthly 2-3 times；
Frequency vibration instrument, black light lamp or gyplure stick is cooperated to carry out expelling parasite deinsectization simultaneously；The plague of rats is prevented and kill off using frequency vibration instrument rat destruction or medicament
Protection against rodents.
2. the light simplified cultivation method of rice resistant to high temperatures according to claim 1, which is characterized in that step (2) compound dimension
The mass ratio of raw material is vitamin A: vitamin B: vitamin D: vitamin E: deionized water=1-5:3-6 in raw element solution:
2-4:5-15:1000。
3. the light simplified cultivation method of rice resistant to high temperatures according to claim 1, which is characterized in that in step (7), per acre
Compound fertilizer include: rabbit excrement 32kg, sugar residue 14kg, calcium magnesium phosphate 12kg, bacteria residue 4kg, acrylic acid 3.5kg, diammonium hydrogen phosphate 3kg,
Ferrous sulfate 4kg, urea 13kg, polypeptide chelate potassium 5kg, phosphorus pentoxide 4kg, kelp residue 3.5kg, anti-acid carboxymethyl cellulose
Plain sodium 3kg, amino acid 4.5kg.
4. the light simplified cultivation method of rice resistant to high temperatures according to claim 1, which is characterized in that in step (7), per acre
Compound fertilizer includes: rabbit excrement 25kg, sugar residue 11kg, calcium magnesium phosphate 9kg, bacteria residue 3kg, acrylic acid 2kg, diammonium hydrogen phosphate 1kg, sulfuric acid
Ferrous 3kg, urea 12kg, polypeptide chelate potassium 3kg, phosphorus pentoxide 2kg, kelp residue 2kg, acid-resistant sodium carboxymethylcellulose
1kg, amino acid 3kg.
5. the light simplified cultivation method of rice resistant to high temperatures according to claim 1, which is characterized in that in step (7), per acre
Compound fertilizer includes: rabbit excrement 38kg, sugar residue 15kg, calcium magnesium phosphate 15kg, bacteria residue 5kg, acrylic acid 5kg, diammonium hydrogen phosphate 4kg, sulphur
Sour ferrous iron 5kg, urea 15kg, polypeptide chelate potassium 7kg, phosphorus pentoxide 6kg, kelp residue 4kg, acid-resistant sodium carboxymethylcellulose
4kg, amino acid 6kg.
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| CN113079988A (en) * | 2021-04-25 | 2021-07-09 | 周新秀 | Rice cultivation system and cultivation method thereof |
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