CN110274851A - A kind of textile material anisotropy characterizing method and measuring device - Google Patents
A kind of textile material anisotropy characterizing method and measuring device Download PDFInfo
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- CN110274851A CN110274851A CN201910417312.5A CN201910417312A CN110274851A CN 110274851 A CN110274851 A CN 110274851A CN 201910417312 A CN201910417312 A CN 201910417312A CN 110274851 A CN110274851 A CN 110274851A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N13/00—Investigating surface or boundary effects, e.g. wetting power; Investigating diffusion effects; Analysing materials by determining surface, boundary, or diffusion effects
- G01N13/04—Investigating osmotic effects
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06T—IMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
- G06T11/00—2D [Two Dimensional] image generation
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- G06T11/203—Drawing of straight lines or curves
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- G06T—IMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
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- G06T7/60—Analysis of geometric attributes
- G06T7/62—Analysis of geometric attributes of area, perimeter, diameter or volume
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- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N13/00—Investigating surface or boundary effects, e.g. wetting power; Investigating diffusion effects; Analysing materials by determining surface, boundary, or diffusion effects
- G01N2013/003—Diffusion; diffusivity between liquids
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of textile material anisotropy characterizing method and measuring devices, characterizing method are as follows: after drop to be applied to horizontal positioned fabric surface, the dampener profile image of fabric upper and lower surfaces is inscribed when acquiring each with setting time interval synchronization, after establishing polar coordinate system in dampener profile image, index is measured and be calculated, index characterization textile material anisotropy is utilized；Measuring device includes pipettor, sample fixed station, upper camera, lower camera and computer system；Pipettor is for pipetting drop；Sample fixed station is for fixing fabric level；Upper camera and lower camera are respectively used to inscribe the dampener profile image of fabric upper and lower surfaces when acquiring each with setting time interval synchronization；Computer system is for measuring and being calculated index.A kind of textile material anisotropy characterizing method of the invention and measuring device, characterize suitable for the anisotropic structure feature to sheet, pore structure material.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to textile testing method fields, are related to a kind of textile material anisotropy characterizing method, are related to simultaneously
A kind of measuring device based on the characterizing method.
Background technique
Fabric is to form (woven, knitting) or by bulk fiber with certain institutional framework sequence weaving by yarn with certain
Arrangement and reinforcement process be process (non-to knit).Therefore fabric is arranged in the ordering rule for being macroscopically rendered as yarn, and
Thin see shows as anisotropy.Anisotropy inside textile structure is to influence and determine fabric in the object of macroscopic view and mesomechanics
One of reason, inherent mechanism of mechanical property, but due to the granularity and complexity of fabric structure, there has been no have efficacious prescriptions at present
Method carries out objective characterisation to the anisotropic degree and feature of fabric construction, constrains the hair of corresponding theory research and product development
Exhibition.
Liquid irregular wetting form, and different types of fabric table can be presented in fabric surface after spreading in the fabric
The dampener profile shape of liquid is different on face, which is both the performance of textile material structural anisotropy, while again can be compared with
Reflect the anisotropic character of respective fabric material structure in big degree, therefore, using liquid diffusion phenomena in the fabric
Anisotropic character to reflect indirectly the feature of fabric structural anisotropy.
In textile detection field, measurement and characterizing method to fabric drain characteristic usually have band wicking method, band
5 classes such as siphonage, plane wicking method, weight method and drip method.Band wicking method and band siphonage pass through measure wicking height, wicking
The unidirectional liquid guide ability of the index characterizations textile material such as length and liquid absorption amount, and plane wicking method and weighing rule reflection fabric are whole
The imbibition of body, drain ability, above-mentioned 4 class method all cannot definitely reflect the anisotropy of fabric drain behavior in single experiment
Feature.
Drip method reflects liquid in fabric knot by the wetting zones of observation quantitative liquid in the fabric with diffusion track
Transport behavior feature in structure, according to characteristic index and acquisition of information means, using the correlation of drip method characterization fabric drain
Research experienced different stages of development, in measurement means, experienced manual, static measurement and (describes dampener profile line-to cut
Paper-weighing), Quasi dynamic measurement (take pictures and obtain final dampener profile image-image procossing) and in real time obtain information stage；
In characteristic manner, developed to from pure static, globality index (wetting areas, perimeter) to obtain dynamic in temporal sequence and believe
The index of breath, reflection specific direction diffusion (diffusion in warp/broadwise, 45 ° of directions etc. is displaced).
Currently, farthest transmission range of the drop on cloth cover assigned direction is used to characterize the side that drop is spread in the fabric
Tropism feature, but this method has ignored the dampener profile information other than farthest transfer point, it is regular for being only applicable to dampener profile
Circle, elliptical shape, being unsuitable for part has that protrusion is recessed, dampener profile of irregular form；And quilt on most fabrics
The contours profiles of quantitative liquid wetting are all irregular shape, and existing index is difficult to the side that exact expression liquid transmits in the fabric
To otherness, therefore cannot be used for characterizing its anisotropic character.
The means that drop soaks information in the fabric are obtained, usually there is two class method of image method and electric signal method.Image method
It is the method for extracting the information such as area, position, distance from the dampener profile image of acquisition by image procossing mode；Electric signal
Method disposes probe, electret in the fabric, and fabric is sexually revised by liquid wetting zones its electric conductivity, light transmission, passes through probe or electret
Between the variation of resistance or the variation of light transmission signal obtain the location information of dampener profile.
Electric signal method is influenced by probe/electret spacing, can survey precision and measurable data volume is limited；Output signal pair
The factors such as liquid measure, environmental condition are sensitive, and the variation of signal and wetting zones is non-linear relation, are not easy to clear output information and letter
The variation relation in number source；Probe, electret insertion or contact measured fabric interfere the original transmission path of liquid even broken
It is bad, enable data validity decline.Image method is non-contact measurement, and accuracy of measurement depends on the resolution ratio of picture signal, when
The location information that liquid is spread in the fabric can be realized in real time, accurately under the conditions of preceding Image Information Processing software and hardware technology
Measurement.
To sum up, the anisotropic character of fabric construction can by fabric in face, between face drain behavior anisotropy
Behavioural characteristic is characterized, however at present to the anisotropic character of textile structure drain behavior, it is still necessary to more accurate, appropriate
Characteristic index system.
Summary of the invention
Present invention aim to address the characterizations in the prior art to the anisotropic character of textile structure drain behavior
Index system is not accurate enough, appropriate, and then is difficult to the problem of definitely reflecting the anisotropic character of fabric structure, provides one
Kind textile material anisotropy characterizing method and measuring device.
In order to achieve the above objectives, the scheme that the present invention uses is as follows:
A kind of textile material anisotropy characterizing method, after drop to be applied to horizontal positioned fabric surface, with
Setting time interval synchronization inscribes the dampener profile image of fabric upper and lower surfaces when acquiring each, in dampener profile image
After establishing polar coordinate system, index is measured and be calculated, using index characterization textile material anisotropy, in collection process, is taken the photograph
As head amplification factor, depth of field etc. all no longer change, fabric is also fixed, so in the collected all images of experiment, as
Vegetarian refreshments and corresponding relationship in kind are also constant, and it is the pole heart that drop, which most originates at the center in the region of upper surface diffusion, to cross pole
The warp thread direction of the heart to the right be zero degree ray, establish polar coordinate system, polar axis using pole as the center of circle, direction of rotation counterclockwise be 0~
360 ° of directions；For the image sequence of lower surface, equally most to originate the center of diffusion zone as the pole heart, for upper surface pole
Coordinate system direction is consistent, and zero degree polar axis direction is from pole to the left along the direction of warp thread, and polar axis is using pole as center of circle up time
Needle direction of rotation is 0~360 ° of direction, therefore, after polar coordinates are established on the first picture, behind all the points in all images
Polar coordinates determine that, treat as rectangular co-ordinate；
Polar coordinate system using drop starting diffusion region center as pole, while with from pole to the right along warp thread direction
Ray is zero degree polar axis；
In general, textile material anisotropy refers to the difference of the internal structure of same textile material in different directions
Property, it can behave as the difference in the face on fabric up/down surface on different directions and the difference between upper and lower surfaces, be to utilize
The diffusion characteristic of wetting zones is (wetting areas, speed, profile perimeter, assigned direction diffusing capacity, each in the face of fabric up/down surface
Anisotropy degree), between upper and lower surfaces wetting zones diffusion characteristic otherness (wetting areas ratio, speed ratio, profile perimeter ratio,
Assigned direction diffusing capacity ratio, degree of anisotropy ratio) characterization, it may also mean that the internal structure of different textile materials in thickness side
Upward otherness, characterizes using time of penetration；
Textile material anisotropy refers to structural difference, i.e. upper and lower surfaces between the face of same textile material in the present invention
Between structural difference, be to utilize the ratio of the wetting areas of fabric upper surface and lower surface, the ratio of diffusion velocity, profit
What the ratio of wet profile perimeter, the ratio of diffusing capacity on the direction β or the ratio of surface anisotropy degree A characterized (is not necessarily
Compare lower surface in upper surface, or lower surface is than upper surface), wherein t moment wetting areas StCalculation formula it is as follows:
In formula, n is the number of ° division from 0 ° to 360 by polar coordinate system, θi(1≤i≤n) represent i-th part corresponding to pole
Angle, equal timesharing value are 360 ° of i/n, can not also be divided equally, θ0=0 (°), ε are 360 °, rtiT moment dampener profile is represented in pole
Angle θiOn polar diameter, be according to dampener profile in polar angle θiOn coordinate be calculated；
T moment diffusion velocity vtFor curve StFor-t in the slope of t moment, calculation formula is as follows:
T moment dampener profile perimeter CtCalculation formula it is as follows:
Diffusing capacity L on the direction t moment ββtCalculation formula it is as follows:
In formula, β is unspecified angle in polar coordinate system, and value interval is [0 °, 360 °]；
T moment surface anisotropy degree AtCalculation formula it is as follows:
In formula, R is the equivalent radius in moistened surface region；
The ratio of each index of fabric upper and lower surfaces and the absolute value of 1 difference are bigger, illustrate between fabric upper and lower surfaces
Structural difference it is bigger, i.e., structural difference is bigger between face；Conversely, then illustrating the architectural difference between fabric upper and lower surfaces
Property is smaller, i.e., structural difference is smaller between face；
Alternatively, textile material anisotropy refers to structural difference in the face of same textile material, the i.e. structure of upper surface
Otherness or the structural difference of lower surface are characterized using surface anisotropy degree A；Surface anisotropy degree A more connects
Nearly 1, illustrate that wetting zones structural difference in circle, the face on the surface is smaller, i.e., anisotropy is smaller；Conversely, then
Illustrate that structural difference is bigger in the face on the surface, i.e., anisotropy is bigger；
Alternatively, textile material anisotropy refers to structural difference in the face of same textile material, i.e., in the face of upper surface
Structural difference in the face of structural difference or lower surface is carried out directly using the data to different assigned direction diffusing capacities
Compare to characterize；Closer to (absolute value of the difference is close close to zero or ratio between the data of different assigned direction diffusing capacities
1), illustrate that wetting zones structural difference in circle, the face on the surface is smaller, i.e., anisotropy is smaller；Conversely, then saying
Structural difference is bigger in the face on the bright surface, i.e., anisotropy is bigger；
Alternatively, textile material anisotropy refers to the structural difference of different textile materials, it is to utilize time of penetration T
Difference or ratio characterization, time of penetration T be since liquid contact upper surface, to lower surface find liquid wetted area when
Between；
The absolute value of the difference of the time of penetration T of different textile materials is bigger or the ratio of the larger value and smaller value and 1
The absolute value of difference is bigger, illustrates that the difference of the structure of different textile materials in a thickness direction is bigger；Conversely, then illustrating difference
The difference of the structure of textile material in a thickness direction is smaller；
In wet processes, textile material is different in the direction characteristic of the dispersal behavior of different moments, available to knit
The index (wetting areas, speed, profile perimeter, assigned direction diffusing capacity, degree of anisotropy) of object material changes with time
Gesture characterizes the anisotropic character of textile material structure, such as when increasing the time, the speedup of fabric upper and lower surfaces wetting areas
When for synchronization (or asynchronous), anisotropic degree is smaller (or larger) between characterizing textile material face.
As a preferred option:
A kind of textile material anisotropy characterizing method as described above, the volume of drop are 0.01~500.0mL,
It can guarantee that available clear image under the hardware conditions such as existing pipettor, camera, data repeatability reach within the scope of this
To test request.
A kind of textile material anisotropy characterizing method as described above is divided into 0.1~300 second between setting time, minimum
Time interval 0.1s is that accessible sampling interval, maximum time interval can in the case where error allows for currently common industrial camera
With adjustment, primarily to guaranteeing that the diffusion process of liquid is able to reflect out, should not be too large, otherwise liquid diffusion process has been seen
Come discontinuous.
A kind of textile material anisotropy characterizing method as described above, n is bigger more than or equal to 16, n, and number is more, quasi-
True property is higher, and n minimum is not less than 16, and to guarantee that every 90 ° can at least be divided into 4 parts, coordinate is obtained using border tracing technique,
Border tracing technique is common image processing techniques, for tracking profile information, obtains the coordinate of edge contour each point, coordinate
It can also be obtained using other image processing methods, since border tracing technique is technology mature in field, thus conduct
First choice of the invention.
Size, resolution ratio of dampener profile image etc., what existing industrial image procossing soft and hardware can reach, it is several
Do not require, for its size and location of image processing region that can manually select using can correct real-time image processing as mesh
, if it find that having chaff interferent, such as fabric defects, marker in acquisition image, image processing region can be allowed to avoid this object
Part；
Dampener profile image can be color image, gray level image, bianry image, be provided to operator in image procossing
The treatment effect of image is done with reference to from the point of view of.
The present invention also provides using described in any item a kind of one kind of textile material anisotropy characterizing method as above
Textile material anisotropy measurement device, including pipettor, sample fixed station, upper camera, lower camera and computer system；
Pipettor is for pipetting drop；Sample fixed station is for fixing fabric level；Upper camera and lower camera shooting
The center of head is opposite, and central axes are overlapped, and vertical with fabric surface, and the two is respectively used to acquire with setting time interval synchronization each
When inscribe the dampener profile image of fabric upper and lower surfaces, and be sent to computer system；Computer system is for moistening
After establishing polar coordinate system in wet contour images, index is measured and is calculated.
As a preferred option:
A kind of textile material anisotropy measurement device as described above further includes that both heights adjust spiral shell button, both heights tune
Section spiral shell button is connect with upper camera and lower camera respectively, for adjusting the height and position of upper camera and lower camera, is helped
Operator obtains clearest image.
A kind of textile material anisotropy measurement device as described above, further includes trestle table, trestle table by bracket base,
A piece perpendicular stick being vertically fixed on bracket base and three horizontal bar compositions being vertically fixed on perpendicular stick；Both heights adjust spiral shell
Button and sample fixed station are connect with three horizontal bars respectively.
A kind of textile material anisotropy measurement device as described above further includes tunable light source, and tunable light source is for mentioning
For illumination, tunable light source is according to the adjustable illumination brightness of requirement, angle and the relative position of image definition, when environment is photosynthetic
In due course, tunable light source can not have to, and the quantity of tunable light source is two, and one is located at the underface of lower camera, and is fixed on
On bracket base, another is located at the side-lower of upper camera, and connect with the light source fixator being fixed on perpendicular stick, and two can
Light modulation source is respectively used to illuminate the upper and lower surfaces of sample, and upper and lower camera is assisted to obtain clear image, position, illumination angle
Degree, brightness can be by operators according to image definition requirements Field adjustment.
A kind of textile material anisotropy measurement device as described above, sample fixed station embed the fixed tambour of fabric, use
In fixed fabric edge.
Using the process of measuring device test fabric material anisotropy of the invention are as follows: set drop through pipette
In horizontal positioned fabric surface, it is being self-possessed and is gradually penetrating into cloth cover under core sucting action and spread along cloth cover all directions, cloth cover is just
Two cameras of top and underface obtain respectively drop on the fabric, on lower surface diffusion process image sequence, knitting
Object upper and lower surfaces respectively using drop starting diffusion region center as pole, while with from pole to the right along warp thread direction
Ray is zero degree polar axis, and computer system is established polar coordinate system in the upper and lower surfaces of sample respectively, obtained using border tracing technique
Coordinate (r, α) of each point in polar coordinate system on liquid wetting zones edge contour curve, and parameter are inscribed when taking each:
Up/down moistened surface area S, upper and lower surface wetting areas ratio DS, t moment wetting areas St, t moment diffusion velocity vt, upper following table
Face diffusion velocity ratio Rv, dampener profile perimeter C, upper and lower surface dampener profile perimeter ratio DC, t moment dampener profile perimeter Ct, in face
β (0 ° of 360 ° of < β <) direction diffusing capacity Lβ, the direction upper and lower surface β diffusing capacity ratio DLβ, the direction t moment β diffusing capacity Lβt, surface it is each
Anisotropy degree A, upper and lower surface intra-face anisotropy degree ratio DA, t moment intra-face anisotropy degree At, time of penetration T etc., and obtain
These parameters versus time curve, comprehensive to the anisotropic character progress of fabric construction by These parameters and curve,
It is objective and quantitatively characterize, while the anisotropic character of fabric drain behavior is characterized.
The utility model has the advantages that
(1) a kind of textile material anisotropy characterizing method of the invention is spread in the fabric by liquid and is presented
The anisotropic character presented in wetting zones form and diffusion evolution process, and it is incorporated in the side transmitted between fabric upper and lower surface
To otherness, reflects the spatial distribution characteristic of fiber, yarn material and hole in textile material, knitted to characterize respective type
The anisotropic character of object structure；
(2) a kind of textile material anisotropy characterizing method of the invention, it is complete, sufficiently, quantitatively reflect liquid and exist
The anisotropic degree and anisotropic character of diffusion transport in textile material, mutually compared with warp/broadwise, the directions such as 45 ° it is farthest
Furthest Neighbor, the present invention, which will use (0 °≤β≤360 °) direction β based on plane polar coordinates to spread figureofmerit, to be with initial propagations point
The component value of pole, the liquid transmission range within the scope of 0 °~360 ° on all directions on the direction β all gives consideration, can either table
Up to the direction characteristic of irregular wetting form, while it can sufficiently be reflected in the drain behavior of other all directions again to the side β
To influence, therefore completely sufficiently characterize the direction characteristic that liquid transmits in textile material；
(3) a kind of textile material anisotropy characterizing method of the invention passes through the area of upper and lower surface wetting zones, wheel
The ratio of wide perimeter and the ratio of upper and lower surface diffusion velocity reflect the difference journey of fabric construction structure between upper and lower surfaces
Degree；Degree of anisotropy index proposed by the present invention, i.e., the average value and wetting areas equivalent radius of 0 °~360 ° all directions polar diameters
Ratio, reflect the degree that dampener profile form deviates regular circle shapes, quantization signifying textile structure is in upper and lower surface face
The consistent degree of interior all directions structure；
(4) a kind of textile material anisotropy characterizing method of the invention has measurement using visual pattern measurement method
Quick and precisely and signal is clear, information is intuitive, readable high advantage, represents the developing direction of textile detection technology；
(5) a kind of textile material anisotropy characterizing method of the invention is vision non-contact measurement method, right in measurement
The diffusion process of liquid will not have any impact or interfere, therefore data are objective, true, reliable, reproducibility is high；
(6) a kind of textile material anisotropy characterizing method of the invention and measuring device, are suitable for sheet, hole knot
The anisotropic structure feature of structure material is characterized, including woven, knitting, supatex fabric and paper material with absorbency
Material etc..
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is that the data information directly measured from fabric surface dampener profile image by image processing techniques is illustrated
Figure；
Fig. 2 is the structural schematic diagram of textile material anisotropy measurement device；
Fig. 3 is wetting areas-time plot of fabric upper and lower surfaces；
Fig. 4 is dampener profile perimeter-time plot of fabric upper and lower surfaces；
Wherein, the upper camera of 1-, camera under 2-, 3- tunable light source, 4- pipettor, 5- fabric sample, 6- sample are fixed
Platform, 7- height adjustment spiral shell button, 8- computer system, the fixed spiral shell button of 9-, 10- bracket base, 11- non-skid band, 12- light source are fixed
Device.
Specific embodiment
The invention will be further elucidated with reference to specific embodiments.It should be understood that these embodiments are merely to illustrate this hair
It is bright rather than limit the scope of the invention.In addition, it should also be understood that, after reading the content taught by the present invention, art technology
Personnel can make various changes or modifications the present invention, and such equivalent forms equally fall within the application the appended claims and limited
Fixed range.
The drop that volume is 0.01~500.0mL is applied to level and put by a kind of textile material anisotropy characterizing method
After the fabric surface set, at the same it is each with setting time interval (0.1~300 second) synchronous acquisition when inscribe fabric upper surface and following table
The dampener profile image in face after establishing polar coordinate system in dampener profile image, measures and is calculated index, utilizes index table
Levy textile material anisotropy；
Polar coordinate system using drop starting diffusion region center as pole, while with from pole to the right along warp thread direction
Ray is zero degree polar axis；
When calculating, polar coordinate system ° is divided into n parts (n is the integer in 16~360 ranges) from 0 ° to 360, such as Fig. 1 institute
Show, (r, α) indicates that the polar coordinates of any point B in dampener profile, r indicate the polar diameter (mm) of point B, and α indicates the polar angle (°) of point B, θi
(1≤i≤n) represent i-th part corresponding to polar angle, θ1Polar angle corresponding to indicating the 1st part, θ2Pole corresponding to indicating the 2nd part
Angle；
Textile material anisotropy refers to structural difference, i.e. knot between upper and lower surfaces between the face of same textile material
Structure otherness is to utilize the ratio of wetting areas of fabric upper surface and lower surface, the ratio of diffusion velocity, dampener profile week
The ratio characterization of long ratio, the ratio of the diffusing capacity on the direction β or surface anisotropy degree A, wherein t moment soaks face
Product StCalculation formula it is as follows:
In formula, n is that ° number divided, n are more than or equal to 16, θ from 0 ° to 360 by polar coordinate systemi(1≤i≤n) represents i-th
Part corresponding to polar angle, unit be °, θ0=0 (°), ε are 360 °, rtiT moment dampener profile is represented in polar angle θiOn polar diameter,
It is according to dampener profile in polar angle θiOn coordinate be calculated, coordinate is obtained using border tracing technique；
T moment diffusion velocity vtFor curve StFor-t in the slope of t moment, calculation formula is as follows:
T moment dampener profile perimeter CtCalculation formula it is as follows:
Diffusing capacity L on the direction t moment ββtCalculation formula it is as follows:
In formula, β is unspecified angle in polar coordinate system, and value interval is [0 °, 360 °]；
T moment surface anisotropy degree AtCalculation formula it is as follows:
In formula, R is the equivalent radius in moistened surface region；
Alternatively, textile material anisotropy refers to structural difference in the face of same textile material, the i.e. structure of upper surface
Otherness or the structural difference of lower surface are characterized using surface anisotropy degree A；
Alternatively, textile material anisotropy refers to the structural difference of different textile materials, it is to utilize time of penetration T
Difference or ratio characterization, time of penetration T be since liquid contact upper surface, to lower surface find liquid wetted area when
Between.
Using a kind of textile material anisotropy measurement device of above-mentioned fabrics material anisotropy characterizing method, such as Fig. 2
It is shown, including pipettor 4, sample fixed station 6, upper camera 1, lower camera 2 and computer system 8；
Pipettor 4 is for pipetting drop；Sample fixed station 6 is used for fabric sample 5 is horizontal fixed；Upper camera 1
Opposite with the center of lower camera 2, central axes are overlapped, and vertical with fabric surface, and the two is respectively used to setting time interval
The dampener profile image of fabric upper and lower surfaces is inscribed when synchronous acquisition is each, and is sent to computer system 8；Department of computer science
System 8 is for measuring and being calculated index after establishing polar coordinate system in dampener profile image；
Further include non-skid band 11, both heights adjust spiral shell button 7, both heights adjust spiral shell button respectively with upper camera 1 and lower camera shooting
First 2 connection, for adjusting the height and position of upper camera 1 and lower camera 2；
It further include trestle table, trestle table is by 10, perpendicular sticks and three being vertically fixed on bracket base of bracket base
Root is vertically fixed on the composition of the horizontal bar on perpendicular stick；Both heights adjust spiral shell button and sample fixed station is connect with three horizontal bars respectively；Examination
Sample fixed station embeds the fixed tambour of fabric, is used for fixed fabric edge；
It further include tunable light source 3, tunable light source is two, under one is located at for providing illumination, the quantity of tunable light source
The underface of camera, and being fixed on bracket base, another is located at the side-lower of upper camera, and be fixed on perpendicular stick
Light source fixator 12 connect；
Further include fixed spiral shell button 9, is used for fixing camera.
Software control system of the invention mainly includes two interactive interfaces: test main interface and parameter setting interface.
Wherein, test main interface includes following functionality controls:
(1) image display area 1 and 2: test phase, the sample that real-time display is got by upper and lower camera respectively are upper and lower
Moistened surface contour images；After test, the final dampener profile image of sample upper and lower surfaces is shown respectively；
(2) curve viewing area 1 and 2: after image procossing, according to the number selected in the two of respective top drop-down menus
Corresponding data variation curve is shown according to entry；
(3) two drop-down menus of 1 top of " upper camera " curve viewing area: selection needs to show in curve viewing area 1
Data entry, if selection 0~360 (°) in an angle direction, the angle direction is shown in curve viewing area 1
On diffusion displacement-time graph；If selected " wetting areas " or " dampener profile perimeter ", shown in curve viewing area 1
Show wetting areas-time graph or dampener profile perimeter-time graph；Two curves are respectively shown with red, blue dichromatism；
(4) two drop-down menus of 2 top of " lower camera " curve viewing area: selection needs to show in curve viewing area 2
Data entry, equally, according to selected angle direction, " wetting areas " or " dampener profile perimeter ", in curve viewing area 2
Corresponding data curve is drawn with red, blue respectively；
(5) after image procossing, following data display field: are shown:
Sample upper and lower surfaces: 1. final wetting areas (mm2), 2. dampener profile perimeter (mm), during 3. all directions are left
The average value (mm) of heart point diffusion displacement, 4. all directions leave the standard deviation (mm) of central point diffusion displacement；5. when Image Acquisition
Between (s): since click " Image Acquisition " control to clicking the time used in " terminating Image Acquisition " control；
(6) it " beginning Image Acquisition " control: controls upper and lower camera and starts simultaneously at acquisition image sequence and be saved in calculating
Machine；
(7) it " end Image Acquisition " control: controls upper and lower camera while terminating to acquire image；
(8) " beginning image procossing " control: the image file in filesselected folder is started to process；
(9) " end image procossing " control: terminate image procossing during image processing；
(10) " save to Excel " control: measurement data is saved in selected file in the form of Excel file；
(11) " parameter setting " control: enter parameter setting interface, settable calibration parameter, selection Image Processing parameter,
Input acquisition time interval etc.；
(12) " English " check box: Chinese and English interface version switching；
Parameter setting interface includes following functionality controls:
(1) image viewing area 1 and 2: the sample that image viewing area 1 is obtained for observing upper camera in real time before testing
Surface image shows the final dampener profile image of sample upper surface after test；Equally, image viewing area 2 is testing
It is preceding to obtain sample lower surface image for observing lower camera in real time, the final wetting of sample lower surface is shown after test
Contour images；
(2) " image viewing " control of 1 top of image viewing area: clicking the control, shows camera in image viewing area 1
1 image obtained in real time；Equally, " image viewing " control for clicking 2 top of image viewing area, in image viewing area 2, display is taken the photograph
The image obtained in real time as first 2；
(3) " upper camera treatment region " control of 1 top of image viewing area: the control is clicked, is occurred in image viewing area 1
Red rectangle, position and size with mouse adjustment red rectangle, enabling its containment region is image procossing to obtain liquid expansion
The region that error may be interfered or significantly introduced to image processing process is avoided in the region for dissipating information, clicks " preservation " control
Part is to save the selection of " upper camera treatment region "；" lower camera treatment region " selection of lower camera 2 is completed in same operation；
(4) 3 radio boxes of 1 top of image viewing area: " color image ", " gray level image ", " bianry image ", drop expand
After the completion of dissipating test, image viewing area 1 shows that the final dampener profile image of sample upper surface, system default select " cromogram
Picture "；If selecting " gray level image ", the image of display becomes gray level image；It selects " bianry image ", is shown as the figure of binaryzation
Picture；Equally, 3 radio boxes of 2 top of image viewing area: " color image ", " gray level image ", " bianry image ", it is primary to test
After the completion, image viewing area 2 shows that the final dampener profile image of sample lower surface, system default select " color image "；If
It selects " gray level image ", or " bianry image ", the then image shown become gray level image or binary image；
(5) " acquisition interval " input frame: inputting the acquisition time interval of adjacent image, data between 0.1~300.0s,
" preservation " control is clicked after input, saves the acquisition time interval of setting；
(6) control pop-up Path selection dialog box, the file road for selecting image to save " storing path " control: are clicked
Diameter clicks " determination " return parameters set interface, clicks " preservation " control at state modulator interface, saves the image file of setting
Store path；
(7) " 1 binaryzation of camera " input frame: input threshold value (1~255) is sample upper surface dampener profile image two
Value processing setting threshold value, or use system default threshold value；
(8) " 2 binaryzation of camera " input frame: input threshold value (1~255) is sample lower surface dampener profile image two
Value processing setting threshold value, or use system default threshold value；
(9) " image distance " and " actual range " two input frames of 1 lower section of image viewing area: size calibration is being carried out
When, from image viewing area 1, the scale on the scale and paper card upper surface cross horizontal line of red cross horizontal line is found, finds two
To the graduation mark being completely coincident, two pairs of graduation marks are read in the image display distance on red cross and the reality on paper card horizontal line
Border distance is respectively filled in " image distance " and " actual range " two input frames of 1 lower section of image viewing area, clicks " preservation " control
Part, camera 1 obtains the size calibration of picture in completion；
(10) " image distance " and " actual range " two input frames of 2 lower section of image viewing area: when calibrating size, from
In image viewing area 2, the scale on the scale and paper card lower surface cross horizontal line of red cross horizontal line is found, finds two pairs completely
The graduation mark of coincidence, read two pairs of graduation marks the image display distance on red cross and on paper card horizontal line it is practical away from
From, " image distance " and " actual range " two input frames of 2 lower section of image viewing area are respectively filled in, " preservation " control is clicked,
Complete the size calibration that lower camera 2 obtains picture.
Using above-mentioned software control system and measuring device measurement textile material, anisotropic specific step is as follows:
(1) prepare before experiment；
(1.1) test equipment is placed in the thermostatic constant wet chamber of standard atmosphere, and fabric sample 5 to be measured is by washing removal table
Face impurity is pressed fabric surface with vapour iron, and smooth no crease area takes the square of 25cm × 25cm from cloth cover,
Damping is ready for testing after balancing 24 hours in normal atmospheric environment；
(1.2) prepare the cross paper jam of calibration: round, the opaque smooth paper of selection diameter 25cm, positive and negative
Even thin, the clearly cross hairs of a lines is respectively drawn at face center, and backlight observes paper, the cross hairs central point of tow sides is overlapped,
Two lines are respectively superposed in length and breadth；The dimensioning scale on the transverse direction cross hairs of positive and negative, minimum scale mm；
(1.3) upper and lower camera 1,2 is connected with main frame by the end USB or COM respectively, successively presses display
Device, host, upper and lower light source power switch, preheat 10 minutes, on computer operation interface double-click instrument software icon, enter
Test main interface；
(2) test calibration；
(2.1) " parameter setting " control for clicking test main interface, into parameter setting interface, in parameter setting interface,
" image viewing " control above image viewing area is clicked, shows the image that camera 1 obtains in real time in image viewing area 1；Together
Sample clicks " image viewing " control above image viewing area, shows the image that camera 2 obtains in real time in image viewing area 2；
Respectively there is red cross with a scale at the center of image viewing area 1 and 2, and horizontal line and ordinate will be shown in horizontal, vertical direction respectively
Image is divided equally into two；Size scale line has all been marked on the horizontal line of red cross；
(2.2) cross paper card level is laid on sample fixed station 6, the longitudinal and transverse line direction of cross is knitted with to be measured in the future
The warp of object sample, broadwise are consistent；
(2.3) the fixation spiral shell button 9 for unclamping fixed upper camera 1, enables camera 1 rotate around own central axis line, until image is seen
The cross for examining red cross and paper card upper surface in area 1 is completely coincident, and the fixation spiral shell button for tightening camera 1 is completed to image
First 1 direction calibration；The camera lens of height adjustment spiral shell button 7 and upper camera 1 in adjusting where camera 1, enables image viewing area 1
The cross pattern of middle paper card upper surface reaches best clear effect；
(2.4) equally, the fixation spiral shell button for unclamping fixed lower camera 2, enables camera 2 rotate around own central axis line, until figure
As the cross of red cross and paper card lower surface in observation area 2 is completely coincident, tighten lower camera 2 fixation spiral shell button complete under
The direction calibration of camera 2；The height adjustment spiral shell button 7 at lower 2 place of camera and the camera lens of lower camera 2 are adjusted, image is enabled to see
The cross pattern for examining paper card lower surface in area 2 reaches best clear effect；
(2.5) from the image viewing area 1 of parameter setting interface, scale and the paper card upper surface of red cross horizontal line are found
Scale on cross horizontal line finds two pairs of graduation marks being completely coincident, and reads distance of two pairs of graduation marks on Red Cross horizontal line
With the actual range on paper card horizontal line, it is respectively filled in " image distance " and " actual range " two of the lower section of image viewing area 1
Input frame, and " preservation " control is clicked, camera 1 acquires the size calibration of image in completion；Lower camera is completed in same operation
The size calibration of 2 acquisition images, cross paper jam is taken away from fabric fixed station 6；
(3) parameter setting；
(3.1) acquisition time interval is arranged: in parameter setting interface, input picture is adopted in input frame " acquisition interval "
Collect time interval, data click " preservation " control, save the acquisition time interval of setting between 0.1~300.0s after input；
(3.2) storing path is arranged: in parameter setting interface, clicking the pop-up Path selection dialogue of " storing path " control
Frame, the file path that selection acquisition image saves, clicks " determination " return parameters set interface；Click state modulator interface
" preservation " control, saves the storing path of setting；" exiting " control at state modulator interface is clicked, return system tests main boundary
Face；
(4) measurement operation；
(4.1) fabric sample is fixed on sample fixed station 6 by fixed tambour, and rotates fixed tambour and enables sample
Through to the longitudinal direction of Red Cross is consistent in parameter setting interface, in image viewing area；
(4.2) it in system testing main interface, clicks " starting Image Acquisition ", the image display area 1,2 of test macro is distinguished
It shows upper and lower camera collected sample to be tested upper and lower surfaces image in real time, quantitative liquid is acquired with pipettor, by liquid relief
Device head end is moved to 1 Red Cross center of image display area, and liquid drop is put on cloth cover, takes pipettor away；
(4.3) upper and lower surfaces that liquid gradually soaks sample are observed by image display area 1,2, upper and lower camera is real
When, in synchronous acquisition sample upper and lower surfaces liquid diffusion sequence image, until after diffusion process stops, in test main interface
" terminating Image Acquisition " control is clicked, Image Acquisition terminates, and upper and lower camera acquired image is automatically saved to the guarantor of setting
It deposits in path；
(5) data processing；
(5.1) " parameter setting " control in test main interface is clicked, into parameter setting interface, drop diffusion test is complete
Cheng Hou, the image viewing area 1 and 2 of parameter setting interface show the final diffusion image of test upper and lower surfaces respectively, click image
There is red rectangle in image viewing area 1, adjusts red square with mouse in " upper camera treatment region " control of the top of observation area 1
The position of shape and size, enabling its containment region is image procossing area, avoids image processing process being interfered or being shown
The region for introducing error is write, the selection that " preservation " control saves " upper camera treatment region " is clicked；
Same operation completes " lower camera treatment region " selection of lower camera 2, clicks " the exiting " at state modulator interface
Control, return system test main interface；
(5.2) " parameter setting " control in test main interface is clicked, into parameter setting interface, drop diffusion test is complete
Cheng Hou, the image viewing area 1 and 2 of parameter setting interface show the final diffusion image of test upper and lower surfaces, system default respectively
It selects " color image "；If selecting " gray level image ", the image in image viewing area 1,2 becomes gray level image from colour；Selection " two
It is worth image ", it is shown as the image of binaryzation, threshold value (1 is inputted in " 1 binaryzation of camera " input frame of parameter setting interface
~255) threshold value, is set for the binary conversion treatment of sample upper surface drop diffusion image；Equally, defeated in " 2 binaryzation of camera "
Enter input threshold value (1~255) in frame, is that threshold value is arranged in the binaryzation of sample lower surface drop diffusion image, after input, clicks
" application " control, the image viewing area 1,2 of parameter setting interface is shown respectively moistens upper and lower surfaces according to the threshold value being manually arranged
Wet contour images execute the image after binaryzation；This operation is repeated, binarization threshold is reset；Click state modulator interface
" exiting " control, return system test main interface；If skipping this step using the binarization threshold of system default；
(5.3) in test main interface, " starting image procossing " control is clicked, pop-up file path selects window, and selection needs
First picture to be processed in file to be processed is clicked " confirmation ", and system is opened successively processing camera 1 and 2 and collected
Sequence of pictures, read the data that need in picture, and parameter value；After being measured, " saving to Excel " control is clicked
Part pops up " file path selection " window, clicks " confirmation " after selecting storing path, then this test is measured, is calculated
Data be saved in the form of Excel file in selected file；
(5.4) if the parameter settings such as the setting of discovery binaryzation, image processing region setting do not conform to during image processing
Reason, click " terminating image procossing " control, return parameters set interface, Reparametrization (binaryzation, image processing region),
It repeats step (5.1) and (5.2), completes test；
(6) test data is shown；
(6.1) after testing, in the display field of test main interface, following data are shown automatically: 1. final wetting
Area (mm2), 2. dampener profile perimeter (mm), 3. all directions leave the average value (mm) of central point diffusion displacement, 4. all directions
The standard deviation (mm) of central point diffusion displacement is left, 5. image acquisition time (s)；It is above-mentioned 1.~4. data all be respectively to sample
The test result of upper and lower surfaces；
(6.2) image display area 1 and 2 for testing main interface, shows the final dampener profile figure of sample upper and lower surfaces respectively
Picture；
(6.3) the curve viewing area 1 of main interface is tested, identify " red curve " above it and is identified " blue curve "
Selected angle, or selection " area ", " perimeter " are distinguished in two drop-down menus, then curve viewing area 1 is shown according to selected data
The data and curves that the image sequence obtained from upper camera obtains after processing, two curves are respectively with red, blue two face
Color is shown simultaneously；
(6.4) identical as step (6.3), curve viewing area 2 identifies " red curve " and mark " blue song above it
Selected angle, or selection " area ", " perimeter " are distinguished in two drop-down menus of line ", then curve viewing area 2 is shown from lower camera shooting
The data and curves that the image sequence that head obtains obtains after processing are shown with red, blue two colors simultaneously respectively.
The present invention is measured the anisotropy of specific textile material by above-mentioned steps, specifically: choose pure cotton woven fabric
Portion measures its basic parameter such as table 1, and scissor rectangle specimen size is 25.0cm × 25.0cm, presses step to each piece of sample
(1)~(5) are tested, wherein being divided into 1.0s between the acquisition time being arranged in step (3.1).100mL red ink is taken, is enabled
It spreads in specimen surface.The curve that the curve viewing area of computer testing main interface is shown is as shown in Figure 3 and Figure 4, and part is surveyed
It tries index and statistical data is as shown in table 2.
The basic parameter of 1 fabric sample of table
| Title | Raw material | Institutional framework | Through close (/ 10cm) | Filling density (/ 10cm) | Grammes per square metre (g/m2) | Thickness (mm) |
| Denim | 100% cotton | 3/1 left twill | 320 | 200 | 322 | 0.667 |
Note: thickness test condition pressurization 1kPa
2 drop of table diffusion experiment measurement data in the fabric sample in table 1
Claims (9)
1. a kind of textile material anisotropy characterizing method, it is characterized in that: drop to be applied to horizontal positioned fabric table
Behind face, the dampener profile image of fabric upper and lower surfaces is inscribed when acquiring each with setting time interval synchronization, is taken turns in wetting
After establishing polar coordinate system in wide image, index is measured and be calculated, utilizes index characterization textile material anisotropy；
Polar coordinate system using drop starting diffusion region center as pole, while with from pole to the right along the ray of warp thread direction
For zero degree polar axis；
Textile material anisotropy refers to that structural difference between the face of same textile material, i.e. structure between upper and lower surfaces are poor
The opposite sex is the ratio of wetting areas, the ratio of diffusion velocity, dampener profile perimeter using fabric upper surface and lower surface
What ratio, the ratio of diffusing capacity on the direction β or the ratio of surface anisotropy degree A characterized, wherein t moment wetting areas St
Calculation formula it is as follows:
In formula, n is the number of ° division from 0 ° to 360 by polar coordinate system, θi(1≤i≤n) represent i-th part corresponding to polar angle, it is single
Position for °, θ0=0 (°), ε are 360 °, rtiT moment dampener profile is represented in polar angle θiOn polar diameter, be to be existed according to dampener profile
Polar angle θiOn coordinate be calculated；
T moment diffusion velocity vtFor curve StFor-t in the slope of t moment, calculation formula is as follows:
T moment dampener profile perimeter CtCalculation formula it is as follows:
Diffusing capacity L on the direction t moment ββtCalculation formula it is as follows:
In formula, β is unspecified angle in polar coordinate system, and value interval is [0 °, 360 °]；
T moment surface anisotropy degree AtCalculation formula it is as follows:
In formula, R is the equivalent radius in moistened surface region；
Alternatively, textile material anisotropy refers to structural difference in the face of same textile material, the i.e. architectural difference of upper surface
Property or lower surface structural difference, be to be characterized using surface anisotropy degree A；
Alternatively, textile material anisotropy refers to the structural difference of different textile materials, it is the difference using time of penetration T
Or ratio characterization, time of penetration T is that the time of liquid wetted area is found to lower surface since liquid contacts upper surface.
2. a kind of textile material anisotropy characterizing method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the body of drop
Product is 0.01~500.0mL.
3. a kind of textile material anisotropy characterizing method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that setting time interval
It is 0.1~300 second.
4. a kind of textile material anisotropy characterizing method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that n is more than or equal to 16,
Coordinate is obtained using border tracing technique.
5. using such as a kind of a kind of described in any item fabric materials of textile material anisotropy characterizing method of Claims 1 to 4
Anisotropy measurement device is expected, it is characterized in that: including pipettor, sample fixed station, upper camera, lower camera and department of computer science
System；
Pipettor is for pipetting drop；Sample fixed station is for fixing fabric level；Upper camera and lower camera
Center is opposite, and central axes are overlapped, and vertical with fabric surface, and the two is respectively used to acquire each moment with setting time interval synchronization
The dampener profile image of lower fabric upper and lower surfaces, and it is sent to computer system；Computer system is used to take turns in wetting
After establishing polar coordinate system in wide image, index is measured and is calculated.
6. a kind of textile material anisotropy measurement device according to claim 5, which is characterized in that further include both heights
Spiral shell button is adjusted, both heights adjust spiral shell button and connect respectively with upper camera and lower camera, for adjusting upper camera and lower camera shooting
The height and position of head.
7. a kind of textile material anisotropy measurement device according to claim 6, which is characterized in that further include bracket
Platform, perpendicular stick that trestle table is vertically fixed on bracket base by bracket base, one and three are vertically fixed on perpendicular stick
Horizontal bar composition；Both heights adjust spiral shell button and sample fixed station is connect with three horizontal bars respectively.
8. a kind of textile material anisotropy measurement device according to claim 7, which is characterized in that further include tunable optical
Source, tunable light source are two for providing illumination, the quantity of tunable light source, and one is located at the underface of lower camera, and fixed
On bracket base, another is located at the side-lower of upper camera, and connect with the light source fixator being fixed on perpendicular stick.
9. a kind of textile material anisotropy measurement device according to claim 7, which is characterized in that in sample fixed station
The fixed tambour of embedding fabric, is used for fixed fabric edge.
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