CN110273553B - Method for moisturizing, curing and surface enhancing of concrete - Google Patents

Method for moisturizing, curing and surface enhancing of concrete Download PDF

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Publication number
CN110273553B
CN110273553B CN201910373247.0A CN201910373247A CN110273553B CN 110273553 B CN110273553 B CN 110273553B CN 201910373247 A CN201910373247 A CN 201910373247A CN 110273553 B CN110273553 B CN 110273553B
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concrete
curing
crystalline material
water
coating
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CN110273553A (en
Inventor
程冠之
谢永江
杨斌
郑新国
马西章
黎庶
曾志
董全霄
李享涛
蒋睿
郁培云
谢清清
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Jingshen Railway Passenger Dedicated Line Jingji Co ltd
China Academy of Railway Sciences Corp Ltd CARS
Railway Engineering Research Institute of CARS
China State Railway Group Co Ltd
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Jingshen Railway Passenger Dedicated Line Jingji Co ltd
China Academy of Railway Sciences Corp Ltd CARS
Railway Engineering Research Institute of CARS
China Railway Corp
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    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04BUILDING
    • E04GSCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
    • E04G21/00Preparing, conveying, or working-up building materials or building elements in situ; Other devices or measures for constructional work
    • E04G21/24Safety or protective measures preventing damage to building parts or finishing work during construction
    • E04G21/246Safety or protective measures preventing damage to building parts or finishing work during construction specially adapted for curing concrete in situ, e.g. by covering it with protective sheets

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for moisturizing, curing and surface enhancing concrete, which is characterized in that a curing film saturated and absorbing water in advance is used for closely covering and curing a concrete member coated with a permeable crystalline material, so that on one hand, conditions are provided for continuous permeation of the permeable crystalline material, and the penetration depth of the permeable crystalline material is favorably improved, on the other hand, sufficient moisture is provided for hydration reaction of the permeable crystalline material in capillary pores of the concrete, the pore diameter can be effectively refined, and the good dense filling effect is favorably realized. Meanwhile, the good moisture preservation and maintenance also reduces the generation of cracks on the surface of the concrete and improves the surface quality of the concrete.

Description

Method for moisturizing, curing and surface enhancing of concrete
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of concrete curing, and particularly relates to a method for moisturizing, curing and surface enhancing concrete.
Background
The cracking and leakage problems of the concrete in the engineering construction process are always common quality defects of the concrete structure, and the reasonable curing mode is a key control link for ensuring the quality of the concrete engineering and is very important for controlling early dehydration cracking, later drying shrinkage cracking and temperature cracking of the concrete. How to realize the whole process of heat preservation and moisture preservation maintenance of concrete, reduce the risk of drying shrinkage cracking and temperature stress cracking of the concrete, and improve the durability of a concrete structure is always a hotspot of the research of the concrete field.
For most cast-in-place concrete, the concrete needs to be maintained after being formed, and a proper temperature and humidity environment is provided for hydration of cement, so that the early strength of the concrete is ensured, and shrinkage cracks are avoided. At present, three common curing methods are adopted, one is a sealing method for preventing the water loss of concrete, such as spraying curing agent and curing by covering films; one is to supplement water additionally, such as watering or spraying maintenance, and the other is to seal and supplement water, so that the water can be supplemented to the concrete and the water can be prevented from being dissipated. Good concrete curing can improve the surface concrete performance, such as reducing drying shrinkage cracking, but the effect of improving the anti-corrosion capability of the concrete is not ideal.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems and provides a method for moisturizing, curing and surface enhancing of concrete, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: (1) coating 0.05-0.5 kg/m in 1h of demoulding of concrete2The osmotically crystalline material of (a); (2) immediately covering a layer of heat-preservation and moisture-retention curing film on the surface of the concrete after coating the permeable crystalline material, wherein the curing time is not less than 7d, and the curing humidity in 7d is always kept above 95%.
The capillary crystalline material is a colorless and tasteless DPS aqueous capillary crystalline inorganic waterproofing agent, has the function of sealing capillary channels and cracks of cement mortar and concrete, and has the solid content of 5-25%.
The heat-preservation and moisture-preservation maintenance film is formed by sequentially compounding a plastic film, a water storage and release material and non-woven fabrics, and the water storage capacity is 0.3-1.2 kg/m2The water release rate is 0.005-0.05 kg/d.
The water storage and release material is formed by combining water absorption fibers and high-performance water absorption resin, the saturated water absorption rate of the water absorption fibers is 20-30 times, the high-performance resin is modified resin particles of 10-30 meshes, and the saturated water absorption rate is 50-100 times.
The permeable crystallization material can be coated for 1-3 times, and the coating dosage of each time is not more than 0.3kg/m2And coating the next material after the surface of the previous material is dried.
The relative humidity of the concrete surface when the permeable crystalline material is coated should not be higher than 80%.
The curing film needs to be saturated with water in advance before being coated with concrete, and the curing film is closely coated on the surface of the concrete within 1 hour after being coated with the permeable crystalline material.
The concrete moisturizing maintenance and surface enhancement method is applied to concrete maintenance and concrete surface densification and reinforcement.
The invention has the positive effects that:
through using the maintenance membrane that saturates in advance and absorb water, carry out the close contact to cover the maintenance to the concrete member of coating infiltration crystalline material, on the one hand for the continuous infiltration of infiltration crystalline material provides the condition, is favorable to improving the penetration depth of infiltration crystalline material, on the other hand, also provides sufficient moisture for the hydration reaction of infiltration crystalline material at the concrete capillary, can effectively refine the aperture, more does benefit to and realizes good closely knit packing effect. Meanwhile, the good moisture preservation and maintenance also reduces the generation of cracks on the surface of the concrete and improves the surface quality of the concrete. Compared with the standard curing time, the shrinkage rate, the chloride ion permeability coefficient and the surface concrete porosity of the test piece 28d subjected to surface enhancement treatment by adopting the method are obviously reduced, and the impermeability and the durability of the concrete are obviously improved.
The specific implementation mode is as follows:
in order to explain the features of the present invention and the effects achieved in detail, the present invention will be further explained in detail with reference to examples and comparative examples.
Example 1
C50 concrete samples were prepared with the mix proportions shown in Table 1.
TABLE 1 concrete mix proportion (unit g/m)3
Cement Fly ash Mineral powder Sand Stone (5 mm to 10 mm) Stone (10 mm to 20 mm) Water (W) Water reducing agent
363 48.5 72 704 422 633 155 2.5
Three groups of 100mm multiplied by 400mm concrete shrinkage test pieces, 150mm multiplied by 150mm compression-resistant test pieces and 150mm cylindrical test pieces are formed according to the mixture ratio in the table 1, after the concrete test pieces are finally set (10 h), the die is removed, then one DPS is uniformly coated by a soft brush immediately, and the coating amount is 0.2kg/m2After the first surface is dried, coating a second DPS with the coating amount of 0.2kg/m2And then, the coating and curing are carried out for 28 days by adopting a curing film saturated with water in advance. The relative humidity of the concrete surface when the permeable crystalline material is coated is 70%, and the water storage capacity of the curing membrane is 1 kg/m2The water release rate was 0.03 kg/d.
Example 2
Three groups of concrete shrinkage test pieces of 100mm multiplied by 400mm, three groups of compression-resistant test pieces of 150mm multiplied by 150mm and three groups of cylinder test pieces of 150mm are formed according to the mixing proportion in the table 1, the mould is removed after the concrete test pieces are finally set (10 hours), and then one DPS is uniformly coated by a soft brush immediately, wherein the coating amount is 0.25kg/m2Coating a second DPS after the first surface is dried, wherein the coating amount is 0.25kg/m2Then, a curing film saturated with water in advance is used for coating and curing for 28 days. The relative humidity of the concrete surface when the permeable crystalline material is coated is 80 percent, and the water storage capacity of the curing membrane is 1 kg/m2The water release rate was 0.03 kg/d.
Example 3
Three groups of a concrete shrinkage test piece of 100mm multiplied by 400mm, a compression-resistant test piece of 150mm multiplied by 150mm and a cylindrical test piece of 150mm are formed according to the mixing proportion in the table 1, the mold is removed after the concrete test piece is finally set (10 h), and then a D coat is uniformly coated by a soft brush immediatelyPS, coating weight 0.05kg/m2And then, the coating and curing are carried out for 28 days by adopting a curing film saturated with water in advance. The relative humidity of the concrete surface when the permeable crystalline material is coated is 70%, and the water storage capacity of the curing membrane is 1 kg/m2The water release rate was 0.03 kg/d.
Example 4
Three groups of concrete shrinkage test pieces of 100mm multiplied by 400mm, three groups of compression-resistant test pieces of 150mm multiplied by 150mm and three groups of cylinder test pieces of 150mm are formed according to the mixing proportion in the table 1, the mould is removed after the concrete test pieces are finally set (10 hours), and then one DPS is uniformly coated by a soft brush immediately, wherein the coating amount is 0.05kg/m2And then, the coating and curing are carried out for 28 days by adopting a curing film saturated with water in advance. The relative humidity of the concrete surface when the permeable crystalline material is coated is 70%, and the water storage capacity of the curing membrane is 0.3kg/m2The water release rate was 0.005 kg/d.
Comparative example 1
Three groups of concrete shrinkage test pieces of 100mm multiplied by 400mm, three groups of compression-resistant test pieces of 150mm multiplied by 150mm and three groups of cylinder test pieces of 150mm are formed according to the mixing proportion in the table 1, the mould is removed after the concrete test pieces are finally set (10 hours), and then one DPS is uniformly coated by a soft brush immediately, wherein the coating amount is 0.005kg/m2Then, a curing film saturated with water in advance is used for coating and curing for 28 days. The relative humidity of the concrete surface when the permeable crystalline material is coated is 70%, and the water storage capacity of the curing membrane is 0.3kg/m2The water release rate was 0.005 kg/d.
Comparative example 2
Three groups of concrete shrinkage test pieces of 100mm multiplied by 400mm, three groups of compression-resistant test pieces of 150mm multiplied by 150mm and three groups of cylinder test pieces of 150mm are formed according to the mixing proportion in the table 1, the mould is removed after the concrete test pieces are finally set (10 hours), and then one DPS is uniformly coated by a soft brush immediately, wherein the coating amount is 0.2kg/m2Coating a second DPS after the first surface is dried, wherein the coating amount is 0.2kg/m2And then naturally curing for 28 days. The concrete surface relative humidity when the permeable crystalline material was applied was 70%.
Comparative example 3
According to the mixing proportion of table 1, concrete shrinkage test pieces of 100mm multiplied by 400mm and compression-resistant test pieces of 150mm multiplied by 150mm are formedAnd three groups of 150mm cylindrical test pieces, removing the mold after the concrete test piece is finally set (10 h), and then uniformly coating one DPS (deep drawing) layer by using a soft hairbrush at once, wherein the coating amount is 0.2kg/m2After the first surface is dried, coating a second DPS with the coating amount of 0.2kg/m2And then, the coating and curing are carried out for 28 days by adopting a curing film saturated with water in advance. The concrete surface relative humidity when the permeable crystalline material is coated is 70%, and the water storage capacity of the curing film is 0.1 kg/m2
Comparative example 4
Three groups of concrete shrinkage test pieces of 100mm multiplied by 400mm, three groups of compression-resistant test pieces of 150mm multiplied by 150mm and three groups of cylindrical test pieces of 150mm are molded according to the mixing proportion in the table 1, the mold is removed after the concrete test pieces are finally set (10 h), and then the concrete test pieces are immediately wrapped and cured by a curing film saturated with water in advance for 28 days. The water storage capacity of the maintenance film is 0.3kg/m2The water release rate was 0.005 kg/d.
Comparative example 5
Three groups of concrete shrinkage test pieces of 100mm multiplied by 400mm, three groups of compression-resistant test pieces of 150mm multiplied by 150mm and three groups of cylinder test pieces of 150mm are molded according to the mixing ratio in the table 1, and after the concrete test pieces are finally set (10 h), the mold is removed, and the concrete test pieces are directly placed outdoors for natural curing for 28 days.
After the shrinkage, compression resistance and impermeability tests of the concrete are carried out on the molded test piece, the following results are obtained:
test items Example 1 Example 2 Example 3 Example 4 Comparative example 1 Comparative example 2 Comparative example 3 Comparative example 4 Comparative example 5
28d concrete chloride ion diffusion coefficient/(m)2/s) 6.4×10-13 5.3×10-13 6.5×10-13 6.6×10-13 7.9×10-13 8.4×10-13 7.9×10-13 6.7×10-13 9.8×10-13
28d concrete surface humidity/(RH%) 98 97 98 97 97 31 95 96 32
DPS penetration depth 10 15 7 5 3 3 5 / /
Surface concrete cumulative pore volume/(mL/g) 0.09 0.08 0.09 0.11 0.14 0.17 0.11 0.16 0.18
Number of visible cracks Is free of Is free of Is free of Is free of Is free of Multiple purpose Chinese character shao (a Chinese character of 'shao') Is free of Multiple purpose
From the results of example 4 and comparative example 1, it is clear that the 28d concrete chloride diffusion coefficient and the surface concrete cumulative pore volume are both increased to some extent when the DPS coating amount is small.
From the results of example 1 and comparative example 2, it is clear that the chloride ion diffusion coefficient of the 28d concrete and the cumulative pore volume of the surface concrete are both significantly increased and cracks are also significantly increased when the moisture-retaining curing is not employed.
From the results of example 1 and comparative example 3, it is understood that when the moisture retention curing is insufficient, the 28d concrete chloride ion diffusion coefficient and the surface concrete cumulative pore volume are increased, but the concrete quality is higher than that of comparative example 2.
From the results of example 4 and comparative example 4, it is clear that when only moisturizing curing is used without using DPS, the chloride ion diffusion coefficient of the 28d concrete is substantially equivalent, but the cumulative pore volume of the surface concrete is significantly increased.
From the results of examples and comparative example 5, it is understood that the 28d concrete chloride ion diffusion coefficient and the surface concrete cumulative pore volume are both significantly increased and cracks are also significantly increased when the moisturizing cure and DPS are not used.
The test results show that the technical scheme of the invention has great advantages in the aspects of improving the surface compactness of concrete, reducing cracking and the like.

Claims (5)

1. A method for moisturizing, curing and surface enhancing concrete is characterized by comprising the following steps: (1) coating 0.05-0.5 kg/m in 1h of demoulding of concrete2The osmotically crystalline material of (a); (2) immediately covering a layer of heat-preservation and moisture-retention curing film on the surface of the concrete after coating the permeable crystalline material, wherein the curing time is not less than 7 days, and the curing humidity in 7 days is always kept above 95%; the heat-preservation and moisture-preservation maintenance film is formed by sequentially compounding a plastic film, a water storage and release material and non-woven fabrics, and the water storage capacity is 0.3-1.2 kg/m2The water release rate is 0.005-0.05 kg/d; the curing film needs to be subjected to water saturation treatment in advance before being coated with concrete, and the curing film is closely coated on the surface of the concrete within 1 hour after being coated with the permeable crystalline material; the water storage and release material is formed by combining water absorption fibers and high-performance water absorption resin, the saturated water absorption rate of the water absorption fibers is 20-30 times, the high-performance resin is modified resin particles of 10-30 meshes, and the saturated water absorption rate is 50-100 times.
2. The method for moisture-retention curing and surface enhancement of concrete according to claim 1, wherein the capillary crystalline material is colorless and odorless DPS (deep penetrating phase transition) type water-based capillary crystalline inorganic waterproofing agent, has the function of sealing capillary channels and cracks of cement mortar and concrete, and has a solid content of 5-25%.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the osmotically crystalline material is applied in 1-3 coating passes, each of which is no more than 0.3kg/m2And coating the next material after the surface of the previous material is dried.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein the relative humidity of the concrete surface is not higher than 80% when the permeable crystalline material is coated.
5. The method for the moisture-retention curing and surface enhancement of the concrete according to any one of claims 1 to 4, which is applied to the curing of the concrete and the surface compaction and strengthening of the concrete.
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