CN111320448A - Autoclaved aerated concrete slab and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Autoclaved aerated concrete slab and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN111320448A CN111320448A CN202010211433.7A CN202010211433A CN111320448A CN 111320448 A CN111320448 A CN 111320448A CN 202010211433 A CN202010211433 A CN 202010211433A CN 111320448 A CN111320448 A CN 111320448A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/14—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing calcium sulfate cements
- C04B28/142—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing calcium sulfate cements containing synthetic or waste calcium sulfate cements
- C04B28/144—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing calcium sulfate cements containing synthetic or waste calcium sulfate cements the synthetic calcium sulfate being a flue gas desulfurization product
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/00017—Aspects relating to the protection of the environment
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/20—Resistance against chemical, physical or biological attack
- C04B2111/27—Water resistance, i.e. waterproof or water-repellent materials
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/40—Porous or lightweight materials
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2201/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values
- C04B2201/50—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values for the mechanical strength
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Abstract
The invention discloses an autoclaved aerated concrete slab and a preparation method thereof, relates to the technical field of autoclaved aerated concrete, and solves the problem that the integral structure of the autoclaved aerated concrete is damaged due to the fact that external moisture is easy to permeate into a microporous structure of the autoclaved aerated concrete and accumulate, and is easy to have a water erosion effect on the growth time of the autoclaved aerated concrete, wherein the autoclaved aerated concrete slab comprises the following components in parts by weight: 110 portions of lime and 130 portions of lime; 140 portions of cement and 160 portions; 670 and 690 parts of mining and mineral processing waste residues; 50-60 parts of desulfurized gypsum; 8-14 parts of aluminum powder; 3-5 parts of an anti-settling agent; 1-2 parts of an expanding agent; 6-9 parts of brittle reinforcing fiber; 1.5-2.5 parts of a water reducing agent; 3-6 parts of activated carbon fiber; 3-5 parts of diatomite; 1-3 parts of metakaolin; 280 portions and 320 portions of water. The autoclaved aerated concrete slab can keep the stability of the whole structure for a long time in a high-humidity environment, and has excellent water erosion resistance effect and good whole application effect.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of autoclaved aerated concrete, in particular to an autoclaved aerated concrete slab and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The autoclaved aerated concrete block is a porous concrete product prepared by using fly ash, lime, cement, gypsum, slag and the like as main raw materials, adding a proper amount of a gas former, a regulator and a bubble stabilizer, and carrying out the processes of batching, stirring, pouring, standing, cutting, high-pressure steam curing and the like.
In the chinese patent application publication No. CN109796175A, a refractory autoclaved aerated concrete block brick is disclosed, which comprises the following components in parts by weight: 100 portions of water and 200 portions of water; 40-70 parts of quicklime; 25-30 parts of cement; 15-25 parts of gypsum; 20-50 parts of talcum powder; 10-20 parts of shell powder; waste fiber powder: 15-30 parts; 20-30 parts of aggregate; 5-10 parts of vermiculite powder; 1.5-3.5 parts of aluminum powder; silane coupling agent: 10-15 parts; 2-10 parts of micro silicon powder; 15-20 parts of hollow glass beads; the diameter range of the hollow glass beads is 0.05-0.1 μm.
In the above application documents, by adding the waste fiber powder, the fire resistance, the supporting force, the durability and the tensile strength of the concrete brick can be enhanced, and the waste fiber powder can be recycled from waste textiles, the production cost of the concrete brick can be reduced, and the requirement of environmental protection can be met, but countless fine micropores can exist in the autoclaved aerated concrete to ensure good sound and heat insulation effect of the autoclaved aerated concrete, and when the humidity in the external environment is high, the moisture is easy to permeate into the micropore structure and accumulate, and is not easy to volatilize subsequently, so that the water erosion effect of the growth time of the autoclaved aerated concrete is easy to damage the overall structure of the autoclaved aerated concrete, and therefore, a new scheme needs to be provided to solve the above problems.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to provide an autoclaved aerated concrete slab which can solve the technical problems, can keep the stability of the whole structure for a long time in a high-humidity environment, and has excellent water erosion resistance and good whole application effect.
In order to achieve the first purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
an autoclaved aerated concrete slab comprises the following components in parts by weight:
110 portions of lime and 130 portions of lime;
140 portions of cement and 160 portions;
670 and 690 parts of mining and mineral processing waste residues;
50-60 parts of desulfurized gypsum;
8-14 parts of aluminum powder;
3-5 parts of an anti-settling agent;
1-2 parts of an expanding agent;
6-9 parts of brittle reinforcing fiber;
1.5-2.5 parts of a water reducing agent;
3-6 parts of activated carbon fiber;
3-5 parts of diatomite;
1-3 parts of metakaolin;
280 portions and 320 portions of water.
By adopting the technical scheme, the mining and mineral processing waste residue refers to waste stone, coal gangue, scraps, powder, dust and sludge generated in the mining and processing process of mineral resources, and the waste stone, the coal gangue, the scraps, the powder, the dust and the sludge are used as main forming matrixes of the autoclaved aerated concrete slab, so that on one hand, the resources can be reasonably utilized and saved, the environmental protection is facilitated, and the economic benefit is improved; on the other hand, the mining and mineral separation waste residues are rich in various forming base materials, and the formed mortar has good working performance and is beneficial to obtaining the autoclaved aerated concrete slab with good quality. The desulfurized gypsum and the aluminum powder can enable the autoclaved aerated concrete slab to have a good internal micropore structure, and the autoclaved aerated concrete slab keeps good structural strength by matching with cement and lime.
Activated carbon fiber has well-developed, the even micropore of aperture distribution and great total surface area to and very little external surface area, and it not only adsorbs the purification to the harmful substance of external environment infiltration aquatic, reduces the corruption of water erosion to evaporating press aerated concrete board, can also avoid infiltrating water to accumulate in evaporating the interior microporous construction of aerated concrete board, and then can improve the stability of evaporating the application of pressing aerated concrete board in high humid environment greatly. The diatomite has a special porous structure, so that the heat preservation and insulation effects of the autoclaved aerated concrete slab can be improved; the metakaolin can improve the structural strength of the autoclaved aerated concrete slab; meanwhile, the diatomite, the metakaolin and the activated carbon fibers can play a good role in compounding and synergism, the diatomite can adsorb and disperse the metakaolin by utilizing good dispersibility and adsorbability of the diatomite, the metakaolin has high volcanic ash activity and interacts with the activated carbon fibers, and then an interactive protection network is formed in the autoclaved aerated concrete slab, so that the autoclaved aerated concrete slab can keep stable in overall structure for a long time in a high-humidity environment, the water erosion resistance effect is excellent, and the overall application effect is good.
More preferably, 2-6 parts by weight of functional auxiliary agent is further added into the components of the autoclaved aerated concrete slab, the functional auxiliary agent is obtained by mixing isooctyltriethoxysilane and ethyl orthosilicate, and the weight part ratio of isooctyltriethoxysilane to ethyl orthosilicate is (1.7-2.5): 1.
By adopting the technical scheme, alkoxy in isooctyltriethoxysilane can be hydrolyzed and condensed to form a net-shaped membrane structure, so that the water seepage resistance of the autoclaved aerated concrete slab can be greatly improved; meanwhile, when the isooctyltriethoxysilane and the ethyl orthosilicate are mixed to be used as functional auxiliaries, the functional auxiliaries are hydrolyzed and condensed to form a good silicon dioxide aerogel material, and the good silicon dioxide aerogel material is combined with a formed membrane structure, so that the accumulation of moisture in an internal microporous structure of the autoclaved aerated concrete slab can be greatly avoided, the water erosion damage effect is greatly reduced, and the autoclaved aerated concrete slab can keep the stability of the whole structure for a long time in a high-humidity environment.
More preferably, the particle size of the aluminum powder is 60-70 μm; the diameter of the activated carbon fiber is 0.2-0.3mm, and the fiber length is 3-9 mm; the particle size of the diatomite and the metakaolin is selected to be 30-50 mu m.
By adopting the technical scheme, the aluminum powder with the specification is selected, so that a good and stable microporous structure can be formed in the autoclaved aerated concrete slab; the activated carbon fibers can form closest packing according to a specific length-diameter ratio, so that the autoclaved aerated concrete slab has excellent water seepage resistance; the diatomite and the metakaolin have good dispersibility due to the selection of particle sizes, and the particles have stronger adsorbability, better integral application effect and better anti-water seepage effect.
More preferably, the anti-settling agent is any one of fumed silica, organic bentonite and carboxymethyl cellulose.
By adopting the technical scheme, the anti-settling agent can avoid settling and accumulation of large-particle components, so that the raw materials of the components can be uniformly mixed, concrete slurry with good fluidity is formed, and the autoclaved aerated concrete slab with good quality can be conveniently poured.
More preferably, the expanding agent is any one of calcium sulphoaluminate, calcium oxide and potassium aluminium sulphate dodecahydrate.
By adopting the technical scheme, the calcium sulphoaluminate, the calcium oxide and the potassium aluminium sulfate dodecahydrate are good expanding agents, and the expanding agents are added, so that the pre-compressive stress can be poured into the concrete to offset or partially offset the tensile stress generated due to shrinkage deformation, the crack resistance of the autoclaved aerated concrete slab is improved, the generation of early cracks is avoided, and the integral impermeability of the autoclaved aerated concrete slab is further ensured.
More preferably, the brittle reinforcing fiber is any one of glass fiber, ceramic fiber and steel fiber.
By adopting the technical scheme, the glass fiber, the ceramic fiber and the steel fiber have stable performance, the integral structural strength of the autoclaved aerated concrete slab can be improved, the brittleness of the glass fiber, the ceramic fiber and the steel fiber is good, the glass fiber, the ceramic fiber and the steel fiber are easy to separate in the cutting process of the autoclaved aerated concrete slab, and the integral structure is not easy to damage.
Preferably, the water reducing agent is any one of sodium lignosulfonate, sodium sulfite, tannin and sugar calcium.
By adopting the technical scheme, the sodium lignosulfonate, the sodium sulfite, the tannin and the sugar calcium are good water reducing agents, have a good dispersing effect on raw materials of each component of the autoclaved aerated concrete slab, can reduce the unit water consumption, improve the fluidity of the autoclaved aerated concrete mixture, improve the compactness of the autoclaved aerated concrete slab, further reduce the water permeability of the autoclaved aerated concrete slab, have good stability and keep good and stable structural strength in the application process.
The invention also aims to provide a preparation method of the autoclaved aerated concrete slab, and the autoclaved aerated concrete slab prepared by the method can keep the stability of the whole structure for a long time in a high-humidity environment, and has excellent water erosion resistance effect and good whole application effect.
In order to achieve the second purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme that the preparation method of the autoclaved aerated concrete slab comprises the following steps:
step one, preparing cementing slurry: mixing lime, cement, desulfurized gypsum and mining and mineral dressing waste residues in corresponding parts by weight, stirring for 4-6min, sequentially adding 60-70 parts by mass of water while stirring, and stirring for 15-20min at a stirring speed of 140r/min to prepare a cementing slurry;
step two, diluting the gas former: diluting and stirring the rest parts by weight of water and aluminum powder for 2-5 minutes at a stirring speed of 120-;
step three, preparing a base material: mixing and stirring the activated carbon fiber, the diatomite and the metakaolin which are in corresponding parts by weight, the cementing slurry prepared in the step one and the diluted gas former solution obtained in the step two at the stirring temperature of 45-50 ℃, the stirring speed of 180-240r/min and the stirring time of 6-10min to obtain a base material;
step four, preparing a concrete finished product: adding the anti-settling agent, the expanding agent, the brittle reinforcing fiber and the water reducing agent in corresponding parts by weight into the base material obtained in the third step, wherein the stirring speed is 150-200r/min, and the stirring time is 3-5min, so as to obtain a concrete finished product;
step five, pouring and cutting: pouring the concrete finished product obtained in the fourth step into a mold, after hot-chamber standing and curing for 3-4h, removing the mold frame, and cutting according to a preset size to obtain a formed aerated concrete plate;
step six, steam pressure curing: and (4) feeding the formed aerated concrete slab prepared in the fifth step into an autoclave, sequentially vacuumizing for 20-30min, adding steam, heating to 170-200 ℃ for 90-120min to reach 0.8-1.5MPa of saturated steam, and reducing the pressure after 480min of constant pressure 420 and pressure reduction for 120min of 100 and pressure reduction to obtain the autoclaved aerated concrete slab.
By adopting the technical scheme, lime, cement, desulfurized gypsum and mining and mineral dressing waste residues are mixed to form the cementing slurry in a uniform state, and then the diluted gas former solution obtained by mixing is mixed with activated carbon fibers, diatomite and metakaolin, so that the autoclaved aerated concrete slab with a good microporous structure can be obtained. Meanwhile, the process for preparing the autoclaved aerated concrete slab is simple to operate, and can quickly and uniformly mix the components, so that the autoclaved aerated concrete slab has high production efficiency and green and environment-friendly performance, and the overall quality can be ensured.
In summary, compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) the diatomite, the metakaolin and the activated carbon fiber can play a good role in compounding and synergism, an interactive protection network can be formed in the autoclaved aerated concrete slab, the phenomenon that the infiltrated water accumulates in a microporous structure in the autoclaved aerated concrete slab can be avoided, the stability of the whole structure of the autoclaved aerated concrete slab can be kept for a long time in a high-humidity environment, the water erosion resistance effect is excellent, and the whole application effect is good;
(2) when the isooctyltriethoxysilane and the ethyl orthosilicate are mixed to be used as functional additives, the materials are hydrolyzed and condensed mutually to form a good silicon dioxide aerogel material, and the formed film structure is combined, so that the damage effect of water erosion is greatly reduced, and the stability of the whole structure of the autoclaved aerated concrete slab can be kept for a long time in a high-humidity environment.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a process flow diagram of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention will be described in detail below with reference to fig. 1 and an embodiment.
Example 1: the autoclaved aerated concrete slab comprises the following components in parts by weight as shown in Table 1, and is prepared by the following steps:
step one, preparing cementing slurry: mixing lime, cement, desulfurized gypsum and mining and mineral separation waste residues in corresponding parts by weight, stirring for 5min, sequentially adding 65 parts by mass of water while stirring, and stirring for 17.5min at a stirring speed of 130r/min to prepare a cementing slurry;
step two, diluting the gas former: diluting and stirring the rest parts by weight of water and aluminum powder for 3.5 minutes at a stirring speed of 130r/min to obtain a diluted gas former solution;
step three, preparing a base material: mixing and stirring the activated carbon fiber, the diatomite and the metakaolin which are in corresponding parts by weight, the cementing slurry prepared in the step one and the diluted gas former solution obtained in the step two at the stirring temperature of 47.5 ℃, the stirring speed of 210r/min and the stirring time of 8min to obtain a base material;
step four, preparing a concrete finished product: adding the fumed silica, the calcium sulphoaluminate, the glass fiber and the sodium lignosulfonate in corresponding parts by weight into the base material obtained in the third step, wherein the stirring speed is 175r/min, and the stirring time is 4min, so as to obtain a concrete finished product;
step five, pouring and cutting: pouring the concrete finished product obtained in the fourth step into a mold, after hot-chamber standing and curing for 3.5 hours, removing the mold frame, and cutting according to a preset size to obtain a formed aerated concrete plate;
step six, steam pressure curing: and (4) feeding the formed aerated concrete plate prepared in the fifth step into a still kettle, sequentially vacuumizing for 25min, adding steam, heating to 185 ℃ for 105min, reducing the pressure after the temperature reaches 1.15MPa of saturated steam and keeping the pressure constant for 450min, wherein the pressure reduction time is 110min, and thus the autoclaved aerated concrete plate is obtained.
Note: in the above step, the particle size of the aluminum powder is 65 μm; the diameter of the activated carbon fiber is selected to be 0.25mm, and the fiber length is 6 mm; the particle size of the diatomite and the metakaolin is 40 mu m; the cement is selected to be 42.5 grade ordinary portland cement purchased from the southern cement limited company of the Qinshan, sea salt; the mining and mineral processing waste residue is purchased from a Pengbushaxing waste residue rock foam supply station in Dengzhou.
Example 2: an autoclaved aerated concrete slab is different from the autoclaved aerated concrete slab in embodiment 1 in that the autoclaved aerated concrete slab is prepared by the following steps:
step one, preparing cementing slurry: mixing lime, cement, desulfurized gypsum and mining and mineral separation waste residues in corresponding parts by weight, stirring for 4min, sequentially adding 60 parts by mass of water while stirring, and stirring for 20min at a stirring speed of 120r/min to prepare a cementing slurry;
step two, diluting the gas former: diluting and stirring the rest parts by weight of water and aluminum powder for 2 minutes at a stirring speed of 120r/min to obtain a diluted gas former solution;
step three, preparing a base material: mixing and stirring the activated carbon fiber, the diatomite and the metakaolin which are in corresponding parts by weight, the cementing slurry prepared in the step one and the diluted gas former solution obtained in the step two at the stirring temperature of 50 ℃, the stirring speed of 180r/min and the stirring time of 6min to obtain a base material;
step four, preparing a concrete finished product: adding the fumed silica, the calcium sulphoaluminate, the glass fiber and the sodium lignosulfonate in corresponding parts by weight into the base material obtained in the third step, wherein the stirring speed is 150r/min, and the stirring time is 5min, so as to obtain a concrete finished product;
step five, pouring and cutting: pouring the concrete finished product obtained in the fourth step into a mold, after hot-chamber standing and curing for 3 hours, removing the mold frame, and cutting according to a preset size to obtain a formed aerated concrete plate;
step six, steam pressure curing: and (4) feeding the formed aerated concrete plate prepared in the fifth step into a still kettle, sequentially vacuumizing for 20min, adding steam, heating to 90-200 ℃ to reach 0.8MPa of saturated steam, reducing the pressure after the pressure is constant for 420min, and reducing the pressure for 100min to obtain the autoclaved aerated concrete plate.
Example 3: an autoclaved aerated concrete slab is different from the autoclaved aerated concrete slab in embodiment 1 in that the autoclaved aerated concrete slab is prepared by the following steps:
step one, preparing cementing slurry: mixing lime, cement, desulfurized gypsum and mining and mineral separation waste residues in corresponding parts by weight, stirring for 6min, sequentially adding 70 parts by mass of water while stirring, and stirring for 15min at a stirring speed of 140r/min to prepare a cementing slurry;
step two, diluting the gas former: diluting and stirring the rest parts by weight of water and aluminum powder for 5 minutes at the stirring speed of 140r/min to obtain a diluted gas former solution;
step three, preparing a base material: mixing and stirring the activated carbon fiber, the diatomite and the metakaolin which are in corresponding parts by weight, the cementing slurry prepared in the step one and the diluted gas former solution obtained in the step two at the stirring temperature of 45 ℃, the stirring speed of 240r/min and the stirring time of 10min to obtain a base material;
step four, preparing a concrete finished product: adding the fumed silica, the calcium sulphoaluminate, the glass fiber and the sodium lignosulfonate in corresponding parts by weight into the base material obtained in the third step, wherein the stirring speed is 150-200r/min, and the stirring time is 3-5min, so as to obtain a concrete finished product;
step five, pouring and cutting: pouring the concrete finished product obtained in the fourth step into a mold, after standing and curing for 4 hours in a hot chamber, removing the mold frame, and cutting according to a preset size to obtain a formed aerated concrete plate;
step six, steam pressure curing: and (4) feeding the formed aerated concrete plate prepared in the fifth step into a still kettle, sequentially vacuumizing for 20min, adding steam, heating to 200 ℃ for 120min, reducing the pressure after reaching 1.5MPa of saturated steam and keeping the pressure constant for 420min, wherein the pressure reduction time is 120min, and thus the autoclaved aerated concrete plate is obtained.
Examples 4 to 5: an autoclaved aerated concrete panel differs from example 1 in that the components and their respective parts by weight are as shown in table 1.
TABLE 1 Components and parts by weight of examples 1-5
Example 6: an autoclaved aerated concrete slab is different from the autoclaved aerated concrete slab in the embodiment 1, wherein in the step, the particle size of aluminum powder is selected to be 60 microns; the diameter of the activated carbon fiber is 0.2mm, and the fiber length is 9 mm; the particle size of the diatomaceous earth and metakaolin is selected to be 30 μm.
Example 7: an autoclaved aerated concrete slab is different from the autoclaved aerated concrete slab in the embodiment 1, wherein in the step, the particle size of aluminum powder is 70 microns; the diameter of the activated carbon fiber is selected to be 0.3mm, and the fiber length is 3 mm; the particle size of the diatomaceous earth and metakaolin is selected to be 50 μm.
Example 8: the autoclaved aerated concrete slab is different from the autoclaved aerated concrete slab in the embodiment 1 in that the fumed silica and the like in the step four are replaced by organic bentonite.
Example 9: the autoclaved aerated concrete slab is different from the autoclaved aerated concrete slab in the embodiment 1 in that the mass of fumed silica and the like in the step four is replaced by carboxymethyl cellulose.
Example 10: the autoclaved aerated concrete slab is different from the autoclaved aerated concrete slab in the embodiment 1 in that calcium sulphoaluminate and the like in the step four are replaced by calcium oxide.
Example 11: the autoclaved aerated concrete slab is different from the autoclaved aerated concrete slab in the embodiment 1 in that calcium sulphoaluminate and other substances in the step four are replaced by potassium aluminium sulphate dodecahydrate.
Example 12: the autoclaved aerated concrete slab is different from the autoclaved aerated concrete slab in the embodiment 1 in that the glass fiber and other mass in the step four is replaced by ceramic fiber.
Example 13: the autoclaved aerated concrete slab is different from the autoclaved aerated concrete slab in the embodiment 1 in that the mass of glass fiber and the like in the step four is replaced by steel fiber.
Example 14: the autoclaved aerated concrete slab is different from the autoclaved aerated concrete slab in the embodiment 1 in that sodium lignosulfonate and the like in the step four are replaced by sodium sulfite.
Example 15: the autoclaved aerated concrete slab is different from the autoclaved aerated concrete slab in the embodiment 1 in that sodium lignosulfonate and the like in the step four are replaced by tannin in mass.
Example 16: the autoclaved aerated concrete slab is different from the autoclaved aerated concrete slab in the embodiment 1 in that the step three is specifically set as follows: mixing and stirring the activated carbon fiber, the diatomite and the metakaolin which are in corresponding parts by weight with the cementing slurry prepared in the step one and the diluted gas former solution obtained in the step two, then adding 4 parts by weight of functional additives, wherein the functional additives are obtained by mixing isooctyltriethoxysilane and tetraethoxysilane according to the weight part ratio of 2.1:1, the stirring temperature is 47.5 ℃, the stirring speed is 210r/min, and the stirring time is 8min, thus obtaining the base material.
Example 17: the autoclaved aerated concrete slab is different from the autoclaved aerated concrete slab in the embodiment 1 in that the step three is specifically set as follows: mixing and stirring the activated carbon fiber, the diatomite and the metakaolin which are in corresponding parts by weight with the cementing slurry prepared in the step one and the diluted gas former solution obtained in the step two, then adding 2 parts by weight of functional additives, wherein the functional additives are obtained by mixing isooctyltriethoxysilane and tetraethoxysilane according to the weight part ratio of 1.7:1, the stirring temperature is 47.5 ℃, the stirring speed is 210r/min, and the stirring time is 8min, thus obtaining the base material.
Example 18: the autoclaved aerated concrete slab is different from the autoclaved aerated concrete slab in the embodiment 1 in that the step three is specifically set as follows: mixing and stirring the activated carbon fiber, the diatomite and the metakaolin which are in corresponding parts by weight with the cementing slurry prepared in the step one and the diluted gas former solution obtained in the step two, then adding 6 parts by weight of functional additives, wherein the functional additives are obtained by mixing isooctyltriethoxysilane and tetraethoxysilane according to the weight part ratio of 2.5:1, the stirring temperature is 47.5 ℃, the stirring speed is 210r/min, and the stirring time is 8min, thus obtaining the base material.
Comparative example 1: the autoclaved aerated concrete slab is different from the autoclaved aerated concrete slab in the embodiment 1 in that the step three is specifically set as follows: and (3) mixing and stirring the diatomite, the cementing slurry prepared in the step one and the diluted gas former solution obtained in the step two in corresponding parts by weight, wherein the stirring temperature is 47.5 ℃, the stirring speed is 210r/min, and the stirring time is 8min, so as to obtain the base material.
Comparative example 2: the autoclaved aerated concrete slab is different from the autoclaved aerated concrete slab in the embodiment 1 in that the step three is specifically set as follows: and (3) mixing and stirring metakaolin, the cementing slurry prepared in the step one and the diluted gas former solution obtained in the step two in corresponding parts by weight, wherein the stirring temperature is 47.5 ℃, the stirring speed is 210r/min, and the stirring time is 8min, so as to obtain the base material.
Comparative example 3: the autoclaved aerated concrete slab is different from the autoclaved aerated concrete slab in the embodiment 1 in that the step three is specifically set as follows: and (3) mixing and stirring the activated carbon fiber, the cementing slurry prepared in the step one and the diluted gas former solution obtained in the step two in corresponding parts by weight, wherein the stirring temperature is 47.5 ℃, the stirring speed is 210r/min, and the stirring time is 8min, so as to obtain the base material.
Comparative example 4: the autoclaved aerated concrete slab is different from the autoclaved aerated concrete slab in the embodiment 1 in that the step three is specifically set as follows: and (3) mixing and stirring the cementing slurry prepared in the step one and the diluted gas former solution obtained in the step two, wherein the stirring temperature is 47.5 ℃, the stirring speed is 210r/min, and the stirring time is 8min, so as to obtain the base material.
Comparative example 5: an autoclaved aerated concrete slab, which is different from the embodiment 16, is provided with the following specific steps: mixing and stirring the activated carbon fiber, the diatomite and the metakaolin which are in corresponding parts by weight, the cementing slurry prepared in the step one and the diluted gas former solution obtained in the step two, then adding 4 parts by weight of functional additive, wherein the functional additive is isooctyltriethoxysilane, stirring temperature is 47.5 ℃, stirring speed is 210r/min, and stirring time is 8min, thus obtaining the base material.
Comparative example 6: an autoclaved aerated concrete slab, which is different from the embodiment 16, is provided with the following specific steps: mixing and stirring the activated carbon fiber, the diatomite and the metakaolin which are in corresponding parts by weight, the cementing slurry prepared in the step one and the diluted gas former solution obtained in the step two, then adding 4 parts by weight of functional additive which is ethyl orthosilicate, stirring at 47.5 ℃, the stirring speed of 210r/min and the stirring time of 8min to obtain the base material.
Comparative example 7: an autoclaved aerated concrete slab is different from the autoclaved aerated concrete slab in the embodiment 1 in that the particle size of aluminum powder in the step is selected to be 55 microns; the diameter of the activated carbon fiber is 0.15mm, and the fiber length is 2.5 mm; the particle size of the diatomaceous earth and metakaolin is selected to be 55 μm.
Comparative example 8: an autoclaved aerated concrete slab is different from the autoclaved aerated concrete slab in the embodiment 1 in that the particle size of aluminum powder in the step is 75 microns; the diameter of the activated carbon fiber is selected to be 0.35mm, and the fiber length is 9.5 mm; the particle size of the diatomaceous earth and metakaolin is selected to be 25 μm.
Performance testing
Test samples: autoclaved aerated concrete panels obtained in examples 1 to 18 were used as test samples 1 to 18, and autoclaved aerated concrete panels obtained in comparative examples 1 to 8 were used as control samples 1 to 8.
The test method comprises the following steps: and (3) manufacturing a standard test piece by using the test samples 1-18 and the control samples 1-8 according to the content in the standard GB/T11975-1997 aerated concrete dry-wet cycle test method, measuring the splitting tensile strength, performing a dry-wet cycle test according to the test content, and measuring the splitting tensile strength of the test piece after the cycle test according to the requirement.
And (3) test results: the test results of the test samples 1 to 18 and the control samples 1 to 8 are shown in Table 2. As can be seen from table 2, the test results of the test samples 1 to 5 and the control samples 1 to 3 are compared, so that the diatomite, the metakaolin and the activated carbon fiber can play a good role in compounding and synergism, the autoclaved aerated concrete slab can keep the stability of the integral structure for a long time in a high-humidity environment, and the reduction value of the splitting tensile strength after dry-wet circulation is small. The comparison of the test results of the test samples 16-18 and the test sample 1 shows that when the isooctyltriethoxysilane and the tetraethoxysilane are mixed to be used as the functional assistant, the stability of the integral structure of the autoclaved aerated concrete slab can be kept for a long time in a high-humidity environment. The comparison of the test results of the test sample 16 and the comparison samples 6-7 can be obtained, the isooctyltriethoxysilane and the tetraethoxysilane in the functional additive can play a good compounding and synergistic effect, and the effect is not good when the functional additive is used singly.
TABLE 2 test results of test samples 1-18 and control samples 1-8
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and all technical solutions belonging to the idea of the present invention belong to the protection scope of the present invention. It should be noted that modifications and embellishments within the scope of the invention may occur to those skilled in the art without departing from the principle of the invention, and are considered to be within the scope of the invention.
Claims (8)
1. The autoclaved aerated concrete slab is characterized by comprising the following components in parts by weight:
110 portions of lime and 130 portions of lime;
140 portions of cement and 160 portions;
670 and 690 parts of mining and mineral processing waste residues;
50-60 parts of desulfurized gypsum;
8-14 parts of aluminum powder;
3-5 parts of an anti-settling agent;
1-2 parts of an expanding agent;
6-9 parts of brittle reinforcing fiber;
1.5-2.5 parts of a water reducing agent;
3-6 parts of activated carbon fiber;
3-5 parts of diatomite;
1-3 parts of metakaolin;
280 portions and 320 portions of water.
2. The autoclaved aerated concrete panel according to claim 1, wherein 2 to 6 parts by weight of functional additives are further added to the components of the autoclaved aerated concrete panel, the functional additives are obtained by mixing isooctyltriethoxysilane and ethyl orthosilicate, and the weight ratio of isooctyltriethoxysilane to ethyl orthosilicate is (1.7 to 2.5): 1.
3. The autoclaved aerated concrete panel according to claim 1, wherein the particle size of the aluminum powder is selected from 60 to 70 μm; the diameter of the activated carbon fiber is 0.2-0.3mm, and the fiber length is 3-9 mm; the particle size of the diatomite and the metakaolin is selected to be 30-50 mu m.
4. The autoclaved aerated concrete panel according to claim 1, wherein the anti-settling agent is selected from any one of fumed silica, organic bentonite and carboxymethyl cellulose.
5. The autoclaved aerated concrete panel according to claim 1, wherein the expanding agent is selected from any one of calcium sulphoaluminate, calcium oxide and potassium aluminium sulphate dodecahydrate.
6. The autoclaved aerated concrete panel according to claim 1, wherein the brittle reinforcing fibers are any one of glass fibers, ceramic fibers and steel fibers.
7. The autoclaved aerated concrete panel according to claim 1, wherein the water reducing agent is selected from any one of sodium lignosulfonate, sodium sulfite, tannin and sugar calcium.
8. A method of making an autoclaved aerated concrete panel according to claim 1, comprising the steps of:
step one, preparing cementing slurry: mixing lime, cement, desulfurized gypsum and mining and mineral dressing waste residues in corresponding parts by weight, stirring for 4-6min, sequentially adding 60-70 parts by mass of water while stirring, and stirring for 15-20min at a stirring speed of 140r/min to prepare a cementing slurry;
step two, diluting the gas former: diluting and stirring the rest parts by weight of water and aluminum powder for 2-5 minutes at a stirring speed of 120-;
step three, preparing a base material: mixing and stirring the activated carbon fiber, the diatomite and the metakaolin which are in corresponding parts by weight, the cementing slurry prepared in the step one and the diluted gas former solution obtained in the step two at the stirring temperature of 45-50 ℃, the stirring speed of 180-240r/min and the stirring time of 6-10min to obtain a base material;
step four, preparing a concrete finished product: adding the anti-settling agent, the expanding agent, the brittle reinforcing fiber and the water reducing agent in corresponding parts by weight into the base material obtained in the third step, wherein the stirring speed is 150-200r/min, and the stirring time is 3-5min, so as to obtain a concrete finished product;
step five, pouring and cutting: pouring the concrete finished product obtained in the fourth step into a mold, after hot-chamber standing and curing for 3-4h, removing the mold frame, and cutting according to a preset size to obtain a formed aerated concrete plate;
step six, steam pressure curing: and (4) feeding the formed aerated concrete slab prepared in the fifth step into an autoclave, sequentially vacuumizing for 20-30min, adding steam, heating to 170-200 ℃ for 90-120min to reach 0.8-1.5MPa of saturated steam, and reducing the pressure after 480min of constant pressure 420 and pressure reduction for 120min of 100 and pressure reduction to obtain the autoclaved aerated concrete slab.
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| CN114149237A (en) * | 2021-11-30 | 2022-03-08 | 宁夏渤泰新材料科技有限公司 | Fly ash aerated concrete block added with triethanolamine and preparation method |
| CN115028429A (en) * | 2022-08-15 | 2022-09-09 | 京能电力涿州科技环保有限公司 | Application of desulfurized sludge in fly ash plate |
| CN115286420A (en) * | 2022-08-16 | 2022-11-04 | 北京金隅加气混凝土有限责任公司 | Autoclaved aerated concrete with hydrophobicity and preparation method thereof |
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