CN110981369A - High-performance expansive prestressed concrete and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
High-performance expansive prestressed concrete and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/02—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
- C04B28/04—Portland cements
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B20/00—Use of materials as fillers for mortars, concrete or artificial stone according to more than one of groups C04B14/00 - C04B18/00 and characterised by shape or grain distribution; Treatment of materials according to more than one of the groups C04B14/00 - C04B18/00 specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Expanding or defibrillating materials
- C04B20/02—Treatment
- C04B20/023—Chemical treatment
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B20/00—Use of materials as fillers for mortars, concrete or artificial stone according to more than one of groups C04B14/00 - C04B18/00 and characterised by shape or grain distribution; Treatment of materials according to more than one of the groups C04B14/00 - C04B18/00 specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Expanding or defibrillating materials
- C04B20/02—Treatment
- C04B20/04—Heat treatment
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B38/00—Porous mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramic ware; Preparation thereof
- C04B38/08—Porous mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramic ware; Preparation thereof by adding porous substances
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/00241—Physical properties of the materials not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00
- C04B2111/00284—Materials permeable to liquids
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2201/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values
- C04B2201/50—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values for the mechanical strength
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of civil engineering, and particularly relates to high-performance expansive prestressed concrete and a preparation method thereof, wherein the concrete comprises the components of a cementing material, modified water-absorbing zeolite, an expanding agent, a water reducing agent, water, fine aggregate and coarse aggregate; the modified water-absorbing zeolite is obtained by vacuum saturation after two-step modification. The concrete comprehensively uses the concrete internal curing technology and the shrinkage compensation technology, can fully hydrate the expanding agent under the condition of maintaining a low water-cement ratio, and solves the engineering problems that the expanding agent cannot be applied to high-strength concrete with a low water-cement ratio, and the later strength of the concrete is lost due to excessive use of the expanding agent.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of civil engineering, and particularly relates to high-performance expansive prestressed concrete and a preparation method thereof.
Background
As a building engineering material with the largest worldwide usage, concrete has the defects of being fragile and easy to crack. In an engineering structure, due to the constraint action of the structure and volume deformation caused by chemical shrinkage, dry shrinkage and wet expansion, thermal expansion and cold shrinkage of concrete, the concrete structure easily reaches the limit deformation and cracks. In large-scale, ultra-long or large-area exposed concrete structures such as concrete pavements, concrete foundations, underground continuous walls and the like, cracking is usually avoided by adopting methods such as cutting seams or arranging post-pouring belts and the like. However, these methods may result in a decrease in the integrity of the concrete structure and deterioration of the waterproof property.
On the material level, measures for improving concrete cracking mainly comprise shrinkage reduction and toughening. A common method of shrinkage reduction is to compensate for the shrinkage of the concrete using an expansion agent. The concrete expanding agent mainly comprises calcium sulphoaluminate, calcium sulphoaluminate-calcium oxide, magnesium oxide and magnesium oxide composite expanding agent and the like. The expanding agent is mixed with cement and water and then undergoes hydration reaction to generate ettringite and calcium hydroxide or ettringite and calcium hydroxide, so that the volume of the concrete product is expanded. The reaction of the expanding agent requires the participation of water, and therefore, when the expanding agent is used, the water curing of the concrete is enhanced.
At present, the use of the expanding agent has a plurality of problems, firstly, the mixing amount of the expanding agent is small, and the compensation shrinkage or expansion effect is insufficient; the mixing amount of the expanding agent is too large, and the unreacted expanding agent can possibly have secondary reaction under the action of water intrusion in the environment obtained in the later period, so that the later-period performance of the concrete is reduced and even the concrete is cracked. In addition, since the swelling agent requires water to act, it is generally used in general strength concrete having a relatively large water gel ratio, and it is necessary to enhance wet curing of the concrete. In high performance concrete with low water-cement ratio, the use of the expanding agent is not yet mature.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a high-performance expansive prestressed concrete, aiming at the problem that the use effect of a concrete expanding agent in high-performance concrete with a low water-cement ratio is poor.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the high-performance expansive prestressed concrete.
In order to achieve the purpose of the invention, the embodiment of the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the high-performance expansive prestressed concrete comprises a cementing material, modified water-absorbing zeolite, an expanding agent, a water reducing agent, water, fine aggregate and coarse aggregate; the mass of the cementing material is 22-27% of that of the concrete; the weight ratio of the water to the cementing material is 0.23-0.40; the mass of the expanding agent is 5-21% of that of the cementing material; the mixing amount of the modified water-absorbing zeolite relative to the concrete is 100-210 kg/m3(ii) a The balance of fine aggregate and coarse aggregate, wherein the mass ratio of the fine aggregate to the coarse aggregate is 1: 1.0-1.5;
the dosage of the water reducing agent is such that the slump of the concrete is 150-200 mm; the preparation method of the modified water-absorbing zeolite comprises the following steps: calcining zeolite with the particle size of less than or equal to 500 mu m and the porosity of 10-40% at 400-500 ℃ for 1-2 h, cooling, soaking in 0.08-0.12 mol/L NaOH solution for 2-3 h, placing in an environment with the pressure of 3-8 kPa for 3-4 h, injecting water, submerging the zeolite, keeping the temperature for 1-2 h, recovering the normal pressure, taking out the zeolite, draining water, and airing until the surface is dry.
In order to improve the application effect of the expanding agent in concrete, the invention adopts the modified water-absorbing zeolite powder as an auxiliary agent to be cooperated with the expanding agent, so that the concrete with high-performance expansion prestress can be prepared. The high-temperature modification of the calcination of the modified water-absorbing zeolite can remove impurities in the zeolite, improve the micropore surface and pore structure of the zeolite, and further modify the pore structure and surface adsorption performance of the zeolite by alkaline etching modification of soaking in NaOH solution. The two-step modification can increase the water absorption of the zeolite from 17.2% to more than 32.2%. Therefore, a large amount of water can be adsorbed in the pores of the zeolite by placing the zeolite under reduced pressure and then injecting water. The modified water-absorbing zeolite can store water in high-strength concrete with low water-gel ratio, can seep out in the hydration stage of the cementing material to supply water required by the hydration of the expanding agent, ensures that the expanding agent completes the hydration in a short time and a long time, ensures the exertion of the expansion effect on one hand, and also avoids the problem of spalling caused by the rehydration in the later stage. Meanwhile, the zeolite is hard and has small particle size, so that the high strength performance of the low-cement-ratio concrete is not influenced. The invention comprehensively uses the concrete internal curing technology and the shrinkage compensation technology, utilizes the water-holding and slow-release capacity of the modified water-absorbing zeolite to supply water for the full hydration of the expanding agent under the condition of maintaining a lower water-cement ratio, and solves the problem that the expanding agent cannot be applied to high-strength concrete with a low water-cement ratio, thereby obtaining the high-performance expansive prestressed concrete with a low water-cement ratio.
The weight ratio of the water to the gelled material is the water-to-gel ratio, wherein the water does not comprise the water adsorbed in the modified water-absorbing zeolite. The volume in the doping amount of the modified water-absorbing zeolite is the natural bulk volume without vibration compaction.
Preferably, the cementing material is cement, fly ash, silica fume, mineral powder and nano metakaolin, wherein the mass of the cement is 50-75% of that of the cementing material.
Preferably, the mass ratio of the fly ash, the silica fume, the mineral powder and the nano metakaolin is (0.8-1.2): (0.45-0.55): (1.8-2.2): 0.8-1.2).
Preferably, the mass ratio of the fly ash to the silica fume to the mineral powder to the nano metakaolin is 1:0.5:2: 1.
Preferably, the cement is p.o.42.5 or p.o52.5 portland cement.
Preferably, the fly ash is class C class I fly ash.
Preferably, the specific surface area of the ore powder is more than or equal to 2000m2/kg。
Preferably, the content of silicon dioxide in the silica fume is more than or equal to 95 wt%, and the specific surface area is 15000-25000 m2/kg。
Preferably, the total content of silicon dioxide and aluminum oxide in the nano metakaolin is more than or equal to 85 wt%, and the specific surface area is 25000-35000 m2/kg。
Preferably, the water reducing agent is a polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent. The polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent can adjust the fluidity of concrete.
Preferably, the expanding agent is at least one of calcium sulphoaluminate expanding agents, calcium sulphoaluminate-calcium oxide expanding agents, magnesium oxide expanding agents and magnesium oxide composite expanding agents.
Preferably, the swelling agent is a calcium sulphoaluminate-calcium oxide-based swelling agent.
The embodiment of the invention also provides a preparation method of the high-performance expansive prestressed concrete, which comprises the steps of mixing the cementing material, the expanding agent and water, stirring for 3-5 minutes, adding the water reducing agent, and adjusting the fluidity according to the conventional operation; then adding the modified water-absorbing zeolite and the fine aggregate and stirring for 5-10 minutes; and finally, adding the coarse aggregate, stirring for 5-15 minutes, and adding a water reducing agent to ensure that the slump of the product is 150-200 mm.
The existing concrete preparation method is to mix and stir sand, stone, cement, expanding agent and water, and finally add zeolite porous material to stir. The preparation method does not participate in the formation of a water film and the early hydration process in slurry formed by mixing the gelled material, the expanding agent and water by changing the material adding sequence, so that the micro pore structure of the concrete cannot be coarsened, and in the hydration stage of the gelled material, the water in the pores of the zeolite can seep out to supply the water required by the hydration of the expanding agent, so that the expanding agent is ensured to be hydrated in a short time and a long time, and the expansion effect of the concrete is realized to the maximum extent.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described in detail with reference to the following embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
Examples
The embodiment provides high-performance expansive prestressed concrete which comprises a cementing material, modified water-absorbing zeolite, an expanding agent, a water reducing agent, water, fine aggregate and coarse aggregate, wherein the dosage of each component is shown in table 1; the zeolite in table 1 is a modified water-absorbing zeolite, and the preparation method comprises the following steps: calcining zeolite with the particle size of less than or equal to 500 mu m and the porosity of 10-40% at 400-500 ℃ for 1-1.5 h, cooling, soaking in 0.08-0.12 mol/L NaOH solution for 2-3 h, placing in an environment with the pressure of 3-8 kPa for 3-4 h, injecting water, submerging the zeolite, keeping the temperature for 1-2 h, recovering the normal pressure, taking out the zeolite, draining water, and airing until the surface is dry.
The cement in examples 1 and 2 was P.O52.5 ordinary portland cement, and the density was 3.1g/cm3The cement in example 3 was P.O.42.5 Portland cement having a density of 3.1g/cm3(ii) a The fly ash is C-class I-grade fly ash; the fineness of the mineral powder is 2250 meshes; the silica fume is first-grade fume, the content of silica is 96 wt%, and the specific surface area is 22000m2Per kg; the total content of silicon dioxide and aluminum oxide in the nano metakaolin is more than or equal to 85 wt%, and the specific surface area is 25000-35000 m2Per kg; the water reducing agent is a polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent with the solid content of 30kg/m3(ii) a Fine aggregateIs natural river sand, and the fineness modulus is 2.6; the coarse aggregate is broken granite, and the particle size is 5-16 mm; the expanding agent is a calcium sulphoaluminate-calcium oxide composite expanding agent, and the limited expansion rate of the concrete after being cured in water for 7 days is 0.08 percent according to the test of GB/T23439-2017 concrete expanding agent. The porosity and preparation parameters of the modified water-absorbing zeolite in each example are shown in table 2.
TABLE 1 ingredient amounts (kg/m) in each example3)
TABLE 2 porosity and preparation parameters of modified water-absorbing zeolites in the examples
The preparation method comprises the following steps:
firstly, mixing the cementing material, the expanding agent and water, stirring for 3-5 minutes, adding the water reducing agent, and adjusting the fluidity according to the conventional operation; then adding the modified water-absorbing zeolite and the fine aggregate and stirring for 5-10 minutes; and finally, adding the coarse aggregate, stirring for 5-15 minutes, and adding a water reducing agent to ensure that the slump of the product is 150-200 mm.
The preparation parameters of the examples are shown in Table 3.
TABLE 3 preparation parameters of the examples
Comparative example
Based on the formula of example 1, various groups of concrete were prepared by changing the amount of the expanding agent, the kind of zeolite and the amount of the expanding agent, specifically: comparative example 1 no swelling agent and zeolite were used, comparative example 2 with 2 wt% swelling agent, comparative example 3 with 4 wt% swelling agent, comparative example 4 with swelling agent alone and without modification of water-absorbing zeolite, and comparative example 5 with unmodified ordinary zeolite.
The composition of each group of concrete is shown in table 2.
TABLE 2 high Performance expansive prestressed concrete mix proportion (kg/m)3)
Examination example
The strength experiment result shows that the 28-day compressive strength of the series of proportioning concrete reaches more than 120MPa, and the series of proportioning concrete all belong to ultrahigh strength concrete.
The free deformation of the test pieces of example 1 and each comparative example under the sealing condition was measured by the concrete free deformation measurement method, and the results are shown in table 3.
TABLE 3 deformation (. times.10) of high Performance expansive prestressed concrete-6)
| Numbering | Swelling deformation in 7 days | 28 days swelling deformation |
| Example 1 | 893 | 1496 |
| Comparative example 1 | -753 | -1126 |
| Comparative example 2 | -521 | -796 |
| Comparative example 3 | 58 | 169 |
| Comparative example 4 | 684 | 871 |
| Comparative example 5 | 787 | 1189 |
Note: negative values indicate shrinkage deformation and positive values indicate expansion deformation.
As can be seen from Table 3, in example 1, the expansion agent and the modified pre-water-absorbing zeolite are added, the concrete generates large expansion deformation, and the expansion deformation distribution reaches 893X 10 in 7 days and 28 days-6And 1496X 10-6(ii) a Comparative example 1, which is not doped with the swelling agent, has a large shrinkage deformation; compared with the prior art, the concrete shrinkage is greatly reduced and the shrinkage compensation effect is obvious by adding a small amount of expanding agent and modified pre-water-absorption zeolite into the concrete; comparative example 3 the concrete shrinkage can be completely offset and can be used for preparing non-shrinkage concrete; the 7-day swell-distortion of comparative example 4 was significantly lower than that of example 1, and the 28-day swell-distortion did not increase much with respect to 7 days. This indicates that the swelling agent is not fully hydrated in concrete without the modified water-absorbing zeolite under water-deficient conditions, which may pose a potential for concrete durability. Comparative example 5 does not modify zeolite, and the water absorption is low, which results in a slight decrease in expansion rate in 7 days, while the expansion rate in 28 days is greatly decreased, which shows that the improvement of the pre-water absorption by modifying zeolite has significant effects on promoting the hydration of the expanding agent and avoiding the expansion hidden trouble in the later period.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents or improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. High-performance expansive prestressed concreteIs characterized in that the concrete comprises the components of a cementing material, modified water-absorbing zeolite, an expanding agent, a water reducing agent, water, fine aggregate and coarse aggregate; the mass of the cementing material is 22-27% of that of the concrete; the weight ratio of the water to the cementing material is 0.23-0.40; the mass of the expanding agent is 5-21% of that of the cementing material; the mixing amount of the modified water-absorbing zeolite relative to the concrete is 100-210 kg/m3(ii) a The balance of fine aggregate and coarse aggregate, wherein the mass ratio of the fine aggregate to the coarse aggregate is 1: 1.0-1.5;
the dosage of the water reducing agent is such that the slump of the concrete is 150-200 mm; the preparation method of the modified water-absorbing zeolite comprises the following steps: calcining zeolite with the particle size of less than or equal to 500 mu m and the porosity of 10-40% at 400-500 ℃ for 1-2 h, cooling, soaking in 0.08-0.12 mol/L NaOH solution for 2-3 h, placing in an environment with the pressure of 3-8 kPa for 3-4 h, injecting water, submerging the zeolite, keeping the temperature for 1-2 h, recovering the normal pressure, taking out the zeolite, draining water, and airing until the surface is dry.
2. The high-performance expansive prestressed concrete according to claim 1, wherein the cement is cement, fly ash, silica fume, mineral powder and nano metakaolin, and the mass of the cement is 50-75% of that of the cement.
3. The high performance expansive prestressed concrete according to claim 2, wherein the mass ratio of said fly ash, silica fume, mineral powder and nano metakaolin is (0.8-1.2): (0.45-0.55): (1.8-2.2): (0.8-1.2).
4. The high-performance expansive prestressed concrete according to claim 3, wherein the mass ratio of the fly ash, the silica fume, the mineral powder and the nano metakaolin is 1:0.5:2: 1.
5. The high performance expansive prestressed concrete according to claim 2, wherein said cement is p.o.42.5 or p.o52.5 ordinary portland cement; and/or
The fly ash is class C class I fly ash; and/or
The specific surface area of the mineral powder is more than or equal to 2000m2Per kg; and/or
The silicon ash contains more than or equal to 95 wt% of silicon dioxide and has a specific surface area of 15000-25000 m2Per kg; and/or
The total content of silicon dioxide and aluminum oxide in the nano metakaolin is more than or equal to 85 wt%, and the specific surface area is 25000-35000 m2/kg。
6. The high-performance expansive prestressed concrete according to claim 1, wherein said water-reducing agent is a polycarboxylic acid water-reducing agent.
7. The high performance expansive prestressed concrete according to claim 1, wherein said expansive agent is at least one of calcium sulfoaluminate, calcium sulfoaluminate-calcium oxide, magnesium oxide and magnesium oxide composite expansive agents.
8. The high-performance expansive prestressed concrete according to claim 7, wherein said expansive agent is a calcium sulfoaluminate-calcium oxide expansive agent.
9. The preparation method of the high-performance expansive prestressed concrete according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized by mixing the cementing material, the expanding agent and water, stirring for 3 to 5 minutes, adding the water reducing agent, and adjusting the fluidity according to the conventional operation; then adding the modified water-absorbing zeolite and the fine aggregate and stirring for 5-10 minutes; and finally, adding the coarse aggregate, stirring for 5-15 minutes, and adding a water reducing agent to ensure that the slump of the product is 150-200 mm.
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| CN112430024A (en) * | 2020-11-20 | 2021-03-02 | 杭州三中新型建材科技有限公司 | Prestressed concrete and preparation process thereof |
| CN112960953A (en) * | 2021-03-04 | 2021-06-15 | 河北建筑工程学院 | Nano metakaolin recycled concrete and preparation method thereof |
| CN115340329A (en) * | 2022-07-26 | 2022-11-15 | 武汉工程大学 | Recycled fine aggregate-magnesium oxide base expanding agent ultrahigh-performance concrete and preparation method thereof |
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| CN112408876A (en) * | 2020-11-09 | 2021-02-26 | 西南科技大学 | Cement-based porous material based on silicon dioxide and preparation method thereof |
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| CN112960953A (en) * | 2021-03-04 | 2021-06-15 | 河北建筑工程学院 | Nano metakaolin recycled concrete and preparation method thereof |
| CN115340329A (en) * | 2022-07-26 | 2022-11-15 | 武汉工程大学 | Recycled fine aggregate-magnesium oxide base expanding agent ultrahigh-performance concrete and preparation method thereof |
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Application publication date: 20200410 |
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