CN104278698A - Alkali-stimulated inorganic polymer waterproof method - Google Patents
Alkali-stimulated inorganic polymer waterproof method Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN104278698A CN104278698A CN201310301273.5A CN201310301273A CN104278698A CN 104278698 A CN104278698 A CN 104278698A CN 201310301273 A CN201310301273 A CN 201310301273A CN 104278698 A CN104278698 A CN 104278698A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- inorganic polymer
- alkalis excited
- excited inorganic
- agent
- alkalis
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 229920000592 inorganic polymer Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 94
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 60
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 61
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 238000004078 waterproofing Methods 0.000 claims description 54
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 28
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 28
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 claims description 22
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000010430 carbonatite Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- -1 gangue Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000002209 hydrophobic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N kaolin Chemical compound O.O.O=[Al]O[Si](=O)O[Si](=O)O[Al]=O NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000011149 active material Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- WMFOQBRAJBCJND-UHFFFAOYSA-M Lithium hydroxide Chemical compound [Li+].[OH-] WMFOQBRAJBCJND-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 6
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000010755 mineral Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920000620 organic polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Orthosilicate Chemical compound [O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000010881 fly ash Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000013517 stratification Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004111 Potassium silicate Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002956 ash Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000012752 auxiliary agent Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000001354 calcination Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- NNHHDJVEYQHLHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium silicate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O NNHHDJVEYQHLHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052913 potassium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000019353 potassium silicate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- LWIHDJKSTIGBAC-UHFFFAOYSA-K tripotassium phosphate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[K+].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O LWIHDJKSTIGBAC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000005995 Aluminium silicate Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000012211 aluminium silicate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010456 wollastonite Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052882 wollastonite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004604 Blowing Agent Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910021536 Zeolite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002250 absorbent Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000002745 absorbent Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000012615 aggregate Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003570 air Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000272 alkali metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Ca+2] AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000920 calcium hydroxide Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910001861 calcium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[Ca+2] BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000292 calcium oxide Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Inorganic materials [Ca]=O ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000007822 coupling agent Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000013530 defoamer Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002270 dispersing agent Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005470 impregnation Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010954 inorganic particle Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- XGZVUEUWXADBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-L lithium carbonate Chemical compound [Li+].[Li+].[O-]C([O-])=O XGZVUEUWXADBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052808 lithium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- PAZHGORSDKKUPI-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium metasilicate Chemical compound [Li+].[Li+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O PAZHGORSDKKUPI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910001947 lithium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910001386 lithium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052912 lithium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 201000004792 malaria Diseases 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000000 metal hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000004692 metal hydroxides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000013528 metallic particle Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010445 mica Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052618 mica group Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004005 microsphere Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- JKQOBWVOAYFWKG-UHFFFAOYSA-N molybdenum trioxide Chemical compound O=[Mo](=O)=O JKQOBWVOAYFWKG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010451 perlite Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000019362 perlite Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000006068 polycondensation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 229940072033 potash Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium carbonate Substances [K+].[K+].[O-]C([O-])=O BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000015320 potassium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- CHWRSCGUEQEHOH-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[K+].[K+] CHWRSCGUEQEHOH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910001950 potassium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000160 potassium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000011009 potassium phosphates Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003340 retarding agent Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005201 scrubbing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011863 silicon-based powder Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- KKCBUQHMOMHUOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[Na+].[Na+] KKCBUQHMOMHUOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910001948 sodium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000001488 sodium phosphate Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000162 sodium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000035900 sweating Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002562 thickening agent Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- TWQULNDIKKJZPH-UHFFFAOYSA-K trilithium;phosphate Chemical compound [Li+].[Li+].[Li+].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O TWQULNDIKKJZPH-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 2
- KNXVOGGZOFOROK-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimagnesium;dioxido(oxo)silane;hydroxy-oxido-oxosilane Chemical compound [Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].O[Si]([O-])=O.O[Si]([O-])=O.[O-][Si]([O-])=O.[O-][Si]([O-])=O KNXVOGGZOFOROK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- RYFMWSXOAZQYPI-UHFFFAOYSA-K trisodium phosphate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O RYFMWSXOAZQYPI-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010457 zeolite Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000009736 wetting Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 19
- 230000001680 brushing effect Effects 0.000 description 12
- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 5
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
- 208000037656 Respiratory Sounds Diseases 0.000 description 4
- 239000011247 coating layer Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000005871 repellent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000004372 Polyvinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 description 2
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000004220 aggregation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002776 aggregation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 2
- TZCXTZWJZNENPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L barium sulfate Chemical compound [Ba+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O TZCXTZWJZNENPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 210000000988 bone and bone Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010790 dilution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012895 dilution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008595 infiltration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001764 infiltration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004570 mortar (masonry) Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012466 permeate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000008439 repair process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920002545 silicone oil Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000006884 silylation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007569 slipcasting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 2
- XTIIITNXEHRMQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N tripotassium methoxy(trioxido)silane Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[K+].CO[Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] XTIIITNXEHRMQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910021532 Calcite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920000049 Carbon (fiber) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920003043 Cellulose fiber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004593 Epoxy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019738 Limestone Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006004 Quartz sand Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012190 activator Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004917 carbon fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003763 carbonization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011083 cement mortar Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013339 cereals Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012459 cleaning agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005034 decoration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000018044 dehydration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006297 dehydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010410 dusting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003628 erosive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007667 floating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004519 grease Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010440 gypsum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052602 gypsum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000003837 high-temperature calcination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001034 iron oxide pigment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004816 latex Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000126 latex Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000006028 limestone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920002521 macromolecule Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004643 material aging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003913 materials processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002557 mineral fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002927 oxygen compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000036961 partial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000002861 polymer material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001296 polysiloxane Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002829 reductive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009877 rendering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002940 repellent Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035882 stress Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004408 titanium dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- XYRAEZLPSATLHH-UHFFFAOYSA-N trisodium methoxy(trioxido)silane Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].CO[Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] XYRAEZLPSATLHH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/24—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing alkyl, ammonium or metal silicates; containing silica sols
- C04B28/26—Silicates of the alkali metals
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01C—CONSTRUCTION OF, OR SURFACES FOR, ROADS, SPORTS GROUNDS, OR THE LIKE; MACHINES OR AUXILIARY TOOLS FOR CONSTRUCTION OR REPAIR
- E01C3/00—Foundations for pavings
- E01C3/06—Methods or arrangements for protecting foundations from destructive influences of moisture, frost or vibration
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01D—CONSTRUCTION OF BRIDGES, ELEVATED ROADWAYS OR VIADUCTS; ASSEMBLY OF BRIDGES
- E01D19/00—Structural or constructional details of bridges
- E01D19/08—Damp-proof or other insulating layers; Drainage arrangements or devices ; Bridge deck surfacings
- E01D19/083—Waterproofing of bridge decks; Other insulations for bridges, e.g. thermal ; Bridge deck surfacings
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
- E02B3/00—Engineering works in connection with control or use of streams, rivers, coasts, or other marine sites; Sealings or joints for engineering works in general
- E02B3/16—Sealings or joints
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D31/00—Protective arrangements for foundations or foundation structures; Ground foundation measures for protecting the soil or the subsoil water, e.g. preventing or counteracting oil pollution
- E02D31/02—Protective arrangements for foundations or foundation structures; Ground foundation measures for protecting the soil or the subsoil water, e.g. preventing or counteracting oil pollution against ground humidity or ground water
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D31/00—Protective arrangements for foundations or foundation structures; Ground foundation measures for protecting the soil or the subsoil water, e.g. preventing or counteracting oil pollution
- E02D31/02—Protective arrangements for foundations or foundation structures; Ground foundation measures for protecting the soil or the subsoil water, e.g. preventing or counteracting oil pollution against ground humidity or ground water
- E02D31/04—Watertight packings for use under hydraulic pressure
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
- E21D11/38—Waterproofing; Heat insulating; Soundproofing; Electric insulating
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Paleontology (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Curing Cements, Concrete, And Artificial Stone (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to an alkali-stimulated inorganic polymer waterproof method which is applied to the waterproof treatment for constructional engineering, especially, the advanced waterproof treatment and later waterproof repairing for the underground construction, water conservancy projects, tunnels, bridges, roads, docks and pools and belongs to the field of the constructional engineering. The alkali-stimulated inorganic polymer is arranged as a waterproof material which takes an alkali-stimulated binding material as a main binding agent. The method comprises the following steps: 1) checking a foundation layer; 2) treating the foundation layer; 3) wetting the surface; 4) applying the coating; 5) maintaining.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of alkalis excited inorganic polymer waterproof method, for the waterproofing work of construction work, be particularly useful for underground construction, hydraulic engineering, tunnel, bridge, highway, harbour, the prior waterproofing work in pond and waterproof repairing afterwards, belong to building engineering field.
Background technology
Current water-repellent paint is divided into two classes, one class is organic polymer paint, another kind of is inorganic cement base waterproof coating, organic polymer paint good waterproof performance, and elasticity is sufficient, but shortcoming is easily aging, leakage point original after treating material aging is had a relapse again, and the shortcoming of cement-base waterproof coating is easy cracking, there is a large amount of pore in coating, and the bonding of it and body of wall is very fragile, easily peels off.If in the underground construction completed, if outer waterproof is done badly, and by chance there is problem in concrete compactness, at this moment waterproof is just difficult to process, because first waterproof cannot be done again at upstream face again, and the waterproofing work of back side is difficult to lastingly, therefore occur much having repaiied and having leaked, leaked the engineering of repairing again.
Soil polywater mud is the novel alkali-activated carbonatite cementitious material of a class that eighties of last century is developed by French JDavidovits the end of the seventies, it refers to that by burnedc lay (metakaolin is main), industrial residue etc. be primary raw material, is formed under the effect of alkali-activator.Sial oxygen compound in the mineral of the poly-cement raw material of soil experienced by one by depolymerization to the process of being polymerized again, and defining the structure of some natural minerals in the similar earth's crust, is the novel gelled material of excellent durability.Many mineral or mineral compound can have pozzolanic activity or latent hydraulicity after high-temperature calcination, such as kaolin has good activity after the calcining of 500-900 degree, slag, slag, flyash etc. be all through high temperature after product, also have good activity, the wollastonite, entringite, limestone, calcite etc. of calcining are all good active materials.Along with going deep into of research, the kind of exciting agent has been not limited to conventional alkali, but there is the multiple materials such as basic carbonate, silicate, sulfate, thus there is composite exciting agent in mode of excitation, above-mentioned material is generically and collectively referred to as Chemical-activated Materials, also be inorganic polymer material, from overall performance, alkali-activated carbonatite and the cementitious material based on alkali-activated carbonatite will significantly better than non-alkali-activated material.The remarkable advantage of alkalis excited inorganic polymeric material is very firm and durable with the bonding of concrete substrate, therefore can not produce the problems such as disengaging, peeling, warpage.
Although academic research is very abundant, but the practical application of alkalis excited inorganic polymeric material is very rare, even if some technology applied for a patent, in Practical Project, almost not realize application completely yet, this is because alkalis excited inorganic polymeric material itself also exists some defects, and high-performance cement technology is more and more ripe, in most of occasion, alkalis excited inorganic polymeric material is difficult to alternative cement, even so, if can accomplish to learn from other's strong points to offset one's weaknesses, alkalis excited inorganic polymeric material still has some ample scopes for abilities.
Application number be 201210331069.3 name be called that the patent of " a kind of novel inorganic water-proof plugging material and preparation method thereof " proposes a kind of application idea as waterproofing materials, it is applied to loss circulation material in the mode of the material alkali-activated carbonatite such as flyash, but because native polywater mud is hydrophilic material, pore through in a large number can be produced in the hardening process of native polywater mud, it has become the passage of water permeation, therefore plugging effect is very limited, from our test, even less than cement-based material, and this formula is easy to crack, the cementation of fissures or the slip casting of fine gap can only be used in, be difficult to use in the shutoff of concrete surface, and from the actual effect of the cementation of fissures, epoxy material is even better.
It is that the construction of this material is very difficult that alkalis excited inorganic polymeric material is difficult in another major reason of waterproof field application, after construction today of same batch of material, film forming is very good, construction tomorrow just differs and reserves, the stability of its film forming is very poor, sometimes fine at small size experiment effect, but regional experiment larger is a little just bad, for this reason, we summarize the construction experience of alkalis excited inorganic polymer as waterproofing materials from a large amount of experiments, have found the principal element affecting waterproofing course quality of forming film, in conjunction with base treatment, sequence of construction, maintenance technology, the each side details such as crackle control, summarize the method that alkalis excited inorganic polymer is applied in waterproofing, thus greatly reduce alkalis excited inorganic polymer probability failed in waterproofing, improve waterproof effect, real alkalis excited inorganic polymer applications in waterproofing, especially very important effect can be played in the waterproof of back side.
Summary of the invention
When experiment shows alkalis excited inorganic polymer as waterproofing course, the water conservation time of coating plays a key effect to quality of forming film, this is because the polymerization process of alkalis excited inorganic polymer needs the long time, if the coating dehydration when polymerisation does not fully complete, the effect of film forming will be very poor.
Affect the factor of alkalis excited inorganic polymeric retention time except formulation for coating material, the more important thing is environmental factor, the humidity of such as basic unit, the humidity etc. of air, on the other hand, alkalis excited inorganic polymer is also water funk, if adsorbed too much condensate water in coated polymeric course of reaction, its quality of forming film might as well not, and the alkaline components exactly in alkalis excited inorganic polymer is very easy to the moisture absorption, in too moist environment, be unfavorable for that coated polymeric reacts.The present invention starts with from each side such as base treatment, surface wettability, coating application, maintenances and safeguards the polymerisation of alkalis excited inorganic polymer, in conjunction with each side details such as sequence of construction, maintenance technology, crackle controls, summarize the method that alkalis excited inorganic polymer is applied in waterproofing.
The present invention realizes in the following manner:
A kind of alkalis excited inorganic polymer waterproof method, is characterized in that comprising following steps:
1) basic unit checks
Check basic unit's whether existing defects, all defect is divided into general defect and major defect, major defect refers to need special material or utensil to carry out the defect processed, such as more serious aging or carbonization, deep erosions, leak, loosen, dusting, honeycomb, pitted skin, depression, protrusion, cavity, degree of depth crackle etc., general defect refers to and can not process or simply dealt defect, such as dust stratification, stick thing, face crack etc.
2) base treatment
Base treatment process need processes respectively by different basic unit's situations:
2.1) major defect checked out is processed by corresponding responsible party, next step is entered after major defect process completes, for the basic unit not having major defect, directly can enter next step, because major defect may relate to different responsible parties, the defect of such as concrete strength may be the responsibility belonging to main structure construction unit, its process nature also can be responsible for by this unit in charge of construction, it is responsible that deep torn grain may transfer to slip casting to repair unit, honeycomb, perhaps, it is responsible that pitted skin can transfer to concrete surface to repair unit, certainly also not getting rid of all these accountability unit is same situations, the reparation of major defect does not belong to the scope that the present invention relates to, therefore too much introduction is not done.
2.2) removing surface
Actual conditions according to scene process by following principle respectively:
2.2.1) later process can not deal with if only there is a small amount of dust stratification, because can solve;
2.2.2) if having more dust stratification or stick thing, need to carry out clearing up, scrubbing, the instrument of cleaning can be rubber, brush, scoop, scraper, electric grinding machine, giant, also cleaning agent can be used, order is by first up and then down method, and the place that can prevent bottom from having processed like this receives damage.For defect newfound after removing surface by step 2.1) principle process.
3) surface wettability
Process by following principle according to the wettability of basic unit and ambient humidity:
3.1) if more moistening or ambient humidity is comparatively large in basic unit, moistening process can not be done;
3.2) if basic unit is drier, environment is also drier, then carry out surface wettability to the basic unit namely will doing waterproofing work, and the material of surface wettability can be any one in following material:
Water, cement-based waterproof agent, permeable crystalline waterproofing material, the alkalis excited inorganic polymer of dilution, cement paste, interfacial agents.Can hydrophobic material be added in wetted material, can waterproof effect be improved like this.
4) coating application
According to the number of plies of waterproof requirement and field condition determination waterproofing course, and process by following principle:
4.1) first floor alkalis excited inorganic polymer waterproofing course is directly constructed in ready basic unit, constructs to process by following principle:
4.1.1) if basic unit is through surface wettability, then construct after substrate surface surface drying;
4.1.2) if basic unit is not through surface wettability, then can directly construct;
4.1.3) if substrate surface has more open fire and needs horse back to construct, then open fire is sopped up with absorbent material.
4.2) the alkalis excited inorganic polymer waterproofing course of one deck is exceeded if having, then enter second layer alkalis excited inorganic polymer construction of waterproof layer, second layer alkalis excited inorganic polymer construction of waterproof layer should be constructed after first floor alkalis excited inorganic polymer waterproofing course surface drying.
If constructed at the second layer that advances into of first floor surface drying, this second layer should regard first floor as, just brushes at twice.
4.3) if desired have and exceed two-layer alkalis excited inorganic polymer waterproofing course, then after front one deck alkalis excited inorganic polymer waterproofing course surface drying, with reference to step 4.2) continue construction, until every one deck all completes.
The surface drying of alkalis excited inorganic polymer waterproofing course refers to that substantially tack-free is standard, refer to after said surface drying that just surface drying is to this stage of bone dry, that is second layer alkalis excited inorganic polymer construction of waterproof layer can just be carried out at just surface drying, also second layer alkalis excited inorganic polymer construction of waterproof layer can be carried out after bone dry, the construction of twice waterproofing course is shorter for interval time, the reliability of mutual bonding is better, but because the adhesion stress of alkalis excited inorganic polymer itself is very good, even if carry out constructing after parching completely and also do not have any problem.
5) maintenance
Alkalis excited inorganic polymer needs the medium of moisture as chemical reaction, dried out before alkalis excited inorganic polymer is not fully polymerized and seriously can reduce the waterproof ability of waterproofing course, but alkalis excited inorganic polymer can not have too much moisture, otherwise also can affect its quality of forming film, this is the place of alkalis excited inorganic polymer and cement and the most significant difference of other material, therefore maintenance is very crucial step, for larger-size component, this problem is not given prominence to, such as make sheet material with alkalis excited inorganic polymer, because sheet metal thickness is large, moisture evaporation there is no adverse consequences, but only have the waterproofing course of a few millimeters thick just different, obviously can affect the quality of film forming.
The suitable maintain humidity of alkalis excited inorganic polymer is 40% to 90%, natural curing can be adopted in the environment of this humidity, need to carry out nourishment for disadvantageous care environments, curing time is 4 little of 25 days, and nourishment is at least the one in following manner:
5.1) sprinkle water
Sprinkle water in places such as the periphery of construction area, ground, the waterproofing course surfaces of solidifying, but can not directly sprinkle water on the waterproofing course do not solidified completely;
5.2) overburden covering surfaces
In the loss that the alkalis excited inorganic polymer waterproofing course surface coverage film of initial set, woven straw, cloth can prevent moisture too fast, play the effect of maintenance;
5.3) curing agent is sprayed
Curing agent can very effectively prevent moisture from evaporating, curing agent used can be grease class curing agent, resinae curing agent, wax curing agent, cellulose family curing agent etc., curing agent can be breakdown type, namely curing agent can decompose and comes off after a while, also can be permanent type, namely become a part for waterproofing course after curing agent film forming, can not decompose.
5.4) dehumidifier is used
Use dehumidifier can reduce ambient humidity rapidly, prevent the surface sweating of coating;
5.5) ventilation is increased
Increase ventilation and can get rid of rapidly too malaria, prevent coating surface from condensing;
In underground construction, keep the humidity of environment generally to accomplish than being easier to, but just differ in the engineering of heavy excavation and well ensure surely, therefore the method adopting overburden covering surfaces or spray curing agent is needed, the another aspect of maintenance prevents condensation, alkalis excited inorganic polymer is hydraulic material, but too much moisture can make the top layer degree of polymerization be deteriorated, produce husky phenomenon, even can endanger whole coating, therefore forced ventilation will be added for the region easily condensed, get rid of moisture, dehumidifier can be installed for the place being difficult to ventilate.
The alkalis excited inorganic polymer of indication refers to the waterproofing materials of alkali-activated carbonatite cementitious material for main binding agent;
Through separating poly-polycondensation process after the alkali-activated carbonatite cementitious material of indication refers to and mixes with alkali-activated carbonatite active material and basic matterial, generate the cementitious material of new inorganic polymer network structure;
The alkali-activated carbonatite active material of indication refers at least one had in pozzolanic activity material, latent hydraulicity material;
The basic matterial of indication refers at least one in alkaline silicate, alkaline phosphate, alkali metal oxide, alkali, carbonate;
The basic unit of indication refers to the upstream face in waterproof construction, at least one in both back sides;
Alkalis excited inorganic polymer waterproof method of the present invention, can also in step 4) coating application in comprise cloth adhering processes.The material of the cloth of indication can be the one in polyester fiber, polypropylene fibre, cellulose fibre, steel fibre, glass fiber, monfil, PVA fiber, carbon fiber, mineral fibers, ceramic fibre, organic polymer fiber.Cloth can be pasted in every one deck alkalis excited inorganic polymer waterproofing course, and also only can select bonding partially, the mesh of preferred cloth is 0.3 to 8 millimeters.Paste the globality that cloth effectively can improve coating, prevent cracking, thus improve waterproof ability further.Cloth can directly be pasted with alkalis excited inorganic polymer, combines together after sticky note with alkalis excited inorganic polymer waterproofing course, need not again with other material.
Alkalis excited inorganic polymer waterproof method of the present invention, can also in step 4) coating application in comprise hydrophobic material impregnation step.The hydrophobic material of indication can be the one in potassium methyl silicate, sodium methyl silicate, methane-siliconic acid lithium, methyl-silicone oil, silicone oil, organosilicon moisture repellent, polysiloxanes hydrophober, silylation hydrophober, nano hydrophobic agent, Kind of Modified Polyvinyl Alcohol Based Waterborne Water-Repellent, HEA macromolecule hydrophober, powder hydrophober, emulsion-type hydrophober.Hydrophobic material can permeate in every one deck alkalis excited inorganic polymer waterproofing course, also only can select partial penetration.The method of infiltration is the waterproof agent brushing of direct dilution, round brush, sprinkling, and infiltration can once complete, and also can permeate several times.
Alkalis excited inorganic polymer waterproof method of the present invention, can also in step 4) coating application in comprise investment precoat construction sequence.The investment precoat of indication can be exterior wall coating material, interior wall coating material, organic waterproof coating, cement mortar, paint, putty, alkali-resisting paint, anti-accumulation of salt in the surface soil agent etc.
Alkalis excited inorganic polymer waterproof method of the present invention, the alkali-activated carbonatite active material of indication can be at least one in metakaolin, kaolin, slag, slag, flyash, blast furnace granulated slag, slag, gangue, wollastonite, calcining mineral, calcined clay, phosphorus slag, red mud, industrial tailings.
Alkalis excited inorganic polymer waterproof method of the present invention, the basic matterial of indication can be at least one in silicate of soda, potassium silicate, lithium metasilicate, NaOH, potassium hydroxide, lithium hydroxide, calcium hydroxide, sodium oxide molybdena, potassium oxide, lithia, calcium oxide, sodium carbonate, potash, lithium carbonate, sodium phosphate, potassium phosphate, lithium phosphate.
Alkalis excited inorganic polymer waterproof method of the present invention, the alkalis excited inorganic polymer of indication can also comprise filler.
Alkalis excited inorganic polymer waterproof method of the present invention, the filler of indication at least can comprise the one in metallic particles, inorganic particle, metal oxide, metal hydroxides, breeze, stone powder, quartz, industrial residue particle, coarse aggregate, cement, silicon ash, nanometer powder, rice hull ash, silt deposit, perlite, glass-cermic powder, zeolite, hollow ceramic microspheres, French chalk, silicon powder, fiber, cloth, fiber dust, laminal filter, mica, expansion agent, organic polymer fillers, hydrophobic material, pigment.
Alkalis excited inorganic polymer waterproof method of the present invention, the alkalis excited inorganic polymer of indication can also comprise auxiliary agent, and the auxiliary agent of indication can be at least the one in levelling agent, coalescents, thickener, retarding agent, accelerating admixture, water-loss reducer, plasticizing agent, water reducing agent, defoamer, dispersing agent, surfactant, air entraining agent, blowing agent, coupling agent, hardening accelerator.
Alkalis excited inorganic polymer waterproof method of the present invention is mainly used in underground construction, hydraulic engineering, tunnel, bridge, highway, harbour, the prior waterproofing work in pond and waterproof repairing afterwards, adopt alkalis excited inorganic polymer waterproof method of the present invention, the probability that alkalis excited inorganic polymer is failed in waterproofing can be greatly reduced, improve waterproof effect, real alkalis excited inorganic polymer applications in waterproofing, especially can play very important effect in the waterproof of back side.
Detailed description of the invention
Embodiment 1
The match ratio of the alkalis excited inorganic polymer of the present embodiment is as follows:
Metakaolin 2kg potassium silicate solution 2.5kg calcium carbonate 0.2kg gypsum 0.02kg
Barium sulfate 0.02kg NaOH 0.01kg titanium dioxide 0.02kg glass fibers short dimension 0.04kg
Slag 0.5kg quartz sand 0.5kg
Alkalis excited inorganic polymer waterproof construction operates according to the following steps:
1) basic unit checks
Check in basic unit whether there is the defects such as crack, totally check again afterwards for the region covered by paint, mortar etc. is for clearance.
2) base treatment
Rendering layer and dope layer are gone to mine dam cutter, and loads onto wire wheel polishing metope with angle grinding machine, make metope expose concrete base layer, clean out dust, the crackle found grouting method is closed.
3) surface wettability
Spray metope twice with clear water, metope is absorbed water saturated.
4) coating application
When metope surface drying with the alkalis excited inorganic polymer brushing metope modulated, coating layer thickness about 1.2 millimeters, the instrument of brushing is round brush, and rub during brushing metope as far as possible, makes alkalis excited inorganic polymer fully contact metope.
After five hours, first floor alkalis excited inorganic polymer waterproofing course preliminary solidification aggregation, again with round brush brushing second layer alkalis excited inorganic polymer waterproofing course, while brushing, be posted on metope sticky for alkaline-resisting glass fabric, soak into each mesh of glass fabric, coating layer thickness about 1.5 millimeters during sticky note as far as possible.
With the both sides, potassium methyl silicate spray solution waterproofing course surface of 20% after 5 days of brushing second layer alkalis excited inorganic polymer waterproofing course, the sprinkling of second time carries out after first pass sprays surperficial substantially dry.
5) maintenance
In ground watering after coating application completes, make the humidity in air keep about 85%, sprinkle water every 4 hours once, maintenance like this 48 hours, then change natural curing into 20 days.
6) brushing interior wall coating material twice again after natural curing 20 days, whole construction terminates.
Above-mentioned alkalis excited inorganic polymer waterproof construction can be used for processing the seepage problem of building basement concrete wall, replaces conventional organic polymer waterproofing materials processing method, greatly can improve durability and the reliability of waterproofing work.
Embodiment 2
The match ratio of the alkalis excited inorganic polymer of the present embodiment is as follows:
Metakaolin 2kg potassium silicate solution 2.8kg calcium carbonate 1.2kg potassium hydroxide 0.08kg
Flyash 0.5kg redispersable latex powder 0.6kg silylation hydrophober 0.02kg
Iron oxide pigment 0.05kg
Alkalis excited inorganic polymer waterproof construction operates according to the following steps:
1) basic unit checks
Check in basic unit whether there is the defects such as crack, totally check again afterwards for the region covered by paint, mortar etc. is for clearance.
2) base treatment
Surperficial floating dust is brushed away to mine dam wire brush, makes metope expose fresh concrete base layer, clean out dust.
3) surface wettability
Spray metope twice with clear water, metope is absorbed water saturated.
4) coating application
When metope surface drying with the alkalis excited inorganic polymer brushing metope modulated, coating layer thickness about 1.0 millimeters, the instrument of brushing is round brush, and rub during brushing metope as far as possible, makes alkalis excited inorganic polymer fully contact metope.
After five hours, first floor alkalis excited inorganic polymer waterproofing course preliminary solidification aggregation, then with round brush brushing second layer alkalis excited inorganic polymer waterproofing course, coating layer thickness about 1.0 millimeters.
5) maintenance
In ground watering after coating application completes, make the humidity in air keep about 85%, sprinkle water every 4 hours once, maintenance like this 48 hours, then change natural curing into 20 days, whole construction terminates.
Above-mentioned alkalis excited inorganic polymer waterproof construction can be used for processing the seepage problem of tunnel concrete body of wall, uses as interior wall coating material simultaneously, waterproof and decoration two-in-one.
Above-described embodiment is only present pre-ferred embodiments; not limit to the present invention with this, therefore, feature all and of the present invention is similar to, duplicate; i.e. all equivalent replacements of doing according to patent claim of the present invention or modification etc., within the scope that all still should belong to patent application of the present invention protection.
Claims (9)
1. an alkalis excited inorganic polymer waterproof method, is characterized in that comprising following steps:
1) basic unit checks
Check basic unit's whether existing defects;
2) base treatment
Base treatment process need processes respectively by different basic unit's situations:
2.1) major defect checked out is processed by corresponding responsible party, after major defect process completes, enter next step, for the basic unit not having major defect, directly can enter next step;
2.2) removing surface
Actual conditions according to scene process by following principle respectively:
2.2.1) later process can not deal with if only there is a small amount of dust stratification, because can solve;
2.2.2) if having more dust stratification or stick thing, need to carry out clearing up, scrubbing;
3) surface wettability
Process by following principle according to the wettability of basic unit and ambient humidity:
3.1) if more moistening or ambient humidity is comparatively large in basic unit, moistening process can not be done;
3.2) if basic unit is drier, environment is also drier, then carry out surface wettability to the basic unit namely will doing waterproofing work;
4) coating application
According to the number of plies of waterproof requirement and field condition determination waterproofing course, and process by following principle:
4.1) first floor alkalis excited inorganic polymer waterproofing course is directly constructed in ready basic unit, constructs to process by following principle:
4.1.1) if basic unit is through surface wettability, then construct after substrate surface surface drying;
4.1.2) if basic unit is not through surface wettability, then can directly construct;
4.1.3) if substrate surface has more open fire and needs horse back to construct, then open fire is sopped up with absorbent material;
4.2) the alkalis excited inorganic polymer waterproofing course of one deck is exceeded if having, then enter second layer alkalis excited inorganic polymer construction of waterproof layer, second layer alkalis excited inorganic polymer construction of waterproof layer should be constructed after first floor alkalis excited inorganic polymer waterproofing course surface drying;
4.3) if desired have and exceed two-layer alkalis excited inorganic polymer waterproofing course, then after front one deck alkalis excited inorganic polymer waterproofing course surface drying, with reference to step 4.2) continue construction, until every one deck all completes;
5) maintenance
The suitable maintain humidity of alkalis excited inorganic polymer waterproofing course is 40% to 90%, natural curing can be adopted in the environment of this humidity, need to carry out nourishment for disadvantageous care environments, curing time is 4 little of 25 days, and nourishment is at least the one in following manner:
5.1) sprinkle water
Sprinkle water in places such as the periphery of construction area, ground, the waterproofing course surfaces of solidifying, but can not directly sprinkle water on the waterproofing course do not solidified completely;
5.2) overburden covering surfaces
In the loss that the alkalis excited inorganic polymer waterproofing course surface coverage film of initial set, woven straw, cloth can prevent moisture too fast, play the effect of maintenance;
5.3) curing agent is sprayed
Curing agent can very effectively prevent moisture from evaporating;
5.4) dehumidifier is used
Use dehumidifier can reduce ambient humidity rapidly, prevent the surface sweating of coating;
5.5) ventilation is increased
Increase ventilation and can get rid of rapidly too malaria, prevent coating surface from condensing;
The alkalis excited inorganic polymer of indication refers to the waterproofing materials of alkali-activated carbonatite cementitious material for main binding agent;
Through separating poly-polycondensation process after the alkali-activated carbonatite cementitious material of indication refers to and mixes with alkali-activated carbonatite active material and basic matterial, generate the cementitious material of new inorganic polymer network structure;
The alkali-activated carbonatite active material of indication refers at least one had in pozzolanic activity material, latent hydraulicity material;
The basic matterial of indication refers at least one in alkaline silicate, alkaline phosphate, alkali metal oxide, alkali, carbonate;
The basic unit of indication refers to the upstream face in waterproof construction, at least one in both back sides.
2., according to alkalis excited inorganic polymer waterproof method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that in step 4) coating application in also comprise cloth adhering processes.
3., according to alkalis excited inorganic polymer waterproof method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that in step 4) coating application in also comprise hydrophobic material impregnation step.
4., according to alkalis excited inorganic polymer waterproof method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that in step 4) coating application in also comprise investment precoat construction sequence.
5., according to alkalis excited inorganic polymer waterproof method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that the alkali-activated carbonatite active material of indication is at least one in metakaolin, kaolin, slag, slag, flyash, blast furnace granulated slag, slag, gangue, wollastonite, calcining mineral, calcined clay, phosphorus slag, red mud, industrial tailings.
6., according to alkalis excited inorganic polymer waterproof method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that the basic matterial of indication is at least one in silicate of soda, potassium silicate, lithium metasilicate, NaOH, potassium hydroxide, lithium hydroxide, calcium hydroxide, sodium oxide molybdena, potassium oxide, lithia, calcium oxide, sodium carbonate, potash, lithium carbonate, sodium phosphate, potassium phosphate, lithium phosphate.
7., according to alkalis excited inorganic polymer waterproof method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that the alkalis excited inorganic polymer of indication also comprises filler.
8., according to alkalis excited inorganic polymer waterproof method according to claim 7, it is characterized in that the filler of indication at least comprises the one in metallic particles, inorganic particle, metal oxide, metal hydroxides, breeze, stone powder, quartz, industrial residue particle, coarse aggregate, cement, silicon ash, nanometer powder, rice hull ash, silt deposit, perlite, glass-cermic powder, zeolite, hollow ceramic microspheres, French chalk, silicon powder, fiber, cloth, fiber dust, laminal filter, mica, expansion agent, organic polymer fillers, hydrophobic material, pigment.
9. according to alkalis excited inorganic polymer waterproof method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that the alkalis excited inorganic polymer of indication also comprises auxiliary agent, the auxiliary agent of indication is at least the one in levelling agent, coalescents, thickener, retarding agent, accelerating admixture, water-loss reducer, plasticizing agent, water reducing agent, defoamer, dispersing agent, surfactant, air entraining agent, blowing agent, coupling agent, hardening accelerator.
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