CN110252768B - Autoclaved exploded waste concrete component separation method - Google Patents
Autoclaved exploded waste concrete component separation method Download PDFInfo
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- CN110252768B CN110252768B CN201910522033.5A CN201910522033A CN110252768B CN 110252768 B CN110252768 B CN 110252768B CN 201910522033 A CN201910522033 A CN 201910522033A CN 110252768 B CN110252768 B CN 110252768B
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- waste concrete
- autoclave
- silo
- exploded
- control valve
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- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 74
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 12
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000004570 mortar (masonry) Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000010025 steaming Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000000079 presaturation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical group [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 8
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 7
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000003426 chemical strengthening reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001354 calcination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011083 cement mortar Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010881 fly ash Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009776 industrial production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007873 sieving Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008016 vaporization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004078 waterproofing Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B09B3/00—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless
- B09B3/40—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless involving thermal treatment, e.g. evaporation
- B09B3/45—Steam treatment, e.g. supercritical water gasification or oxidation
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B09B5/00—Operations not covered by a single other subclass or by a single other group in this subclass
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for separating components of autoclaved exploded waste concrete, which comprises the following steps: 1) Presaturation water: crushing the waste concrete into 30-100mm particle size stone blocks, and pre-sprinkling water to wet the stone blocks; 2) Feeding: the soaked waste concrete is conveyed by a conveying belt and enters the autoclave from a feed inlet at the upper part of the autoclave; 3) Steaming and pressing: closing the autoclave, and starting heating equipment to quickly vaporize pore water in the concrete block; 4) Releasing pressure and explosion: when the vapor pressure in the autoclave reaches a set limit value, an electromagnetic control valve at the lower end of the autoclave is automatically opened, and the waste concrete block stones are sprayed into a silo under the vapor pressure effect; 5) And (3) screening: the exploded waste concrete component mixture enters a classifying screen through a discharge opening at the bottom of the silo, coarse aggregate, fine aggregate and cement stone components in the waste concrete are separated, and component separation is completed. The invention can fully strip the recycled concrete surface mortar and has high production efficiency.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a method for separating components of autoclaved exploded waste concrete, and belongs to the technical field of concrete.
Background
With the rapid promotion of urban construction in China, the construction scale of infrastructures is continuously enlarged, and a large number of old buildings need to be dismantled and rebuilt. The annual production of building waste in China is up to 35 hundred million tons, and the amount of building waste only removed is 18 hundred million tons, and according to the trend, the peak value can be reached by 2020. The largest proportion of construction waste is waste concrete, and how to treat the waste concrete becomes a problem to be solved urgently.
At present, the main treatment measure for the waste concrete is to crush the waste concrete into recycled coarse aggregate, but a large amount of cement mortar is attached to the surface of the recycled coarse aggregate. The strength of the old mortar is far lower than that of the natural aggregate, and the surface is rough and the water absorption rate is high, so that the basic performance of the mortar is greatly different from that of the natural aggregate, and the mortar cannot be used normally and massively and can only be applied to roadbed pavements, non-bearing structures and low-grade products. In order to expand the application range of the recycled aggregate of the waste concrete, the mortar layer adhered to the surface of the recycled coarse aggregate of the waste concrete needs to be fully stripped, and stones and mortar are fully stripped, so that the recycled coarse aggregate with the purity and performance equivalent to those of the natural aggregate is obtained.
At present, two main treatment modes of the surface adhesive mortar of the recycled coarse aggregate of the waste concrete are as follows: physical removal and chemical strengthening. The physical removal method mainly comprises a vertical eccentric wheel high-speed grinding method, a horizontal forced grinding method, a calcination grinding method, an in-mill grinding method and the like, and the methods have the advantages of complex process, huge equipment, high power energy consumption and high cost, so that the popularization and the application of the method are limited. The chemical strengthening method mainly refers to a method for strengthening the recycled aggregate by adopting materials with different properties (such as polymers, organosilicon waterproofing agents, pure cement paste, cement admixture Kim powder, cement admixture first-class fly ash and the like) to dip, rinse, dry and the like. Although the chemical strengthening improves the strength of the recycled aggregate to a certain extent, the purity and the performance of the natural aggregate are not achieved yet, and the chemical treatment method has higher cost and is not suitable for industrial production, and has no popularization and application value.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention provides an autoclaved and exploded waste concrete component separation method, which fully strips mortar on the surface of recycled concrete aggregate and solves the problem of adhesion of mortar on the surface of the traditional waste concrete recycled aggregate.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the method for separating the autoclaved exploded waste concrete components adopted by the invention comprises the following steps:
1) Presaturation water: crushing the waste concrete into 30-100mm particle size stone blocks, and pre-sprinkling water to wet the stone blocks;
2) Feeding: the soaked waste concrete is conveyed by a conveying belt and enters the autoclave from a feed inlet at the upper part of the autoclave;
3) Steaming and pressing: closing the autoclave, and starting heating equipment to quickly vaporize pore water in the concrete block;
4) Releasing pressure and explosion: when the vapor pressure in the autoclave reaches a set limit value, an electromagnetic control valve at the lower end of the autoclave is automatically opened, and the waste concrete block stones are sprayed into a silo under the vapor pressure effect;
5) And (3) screening: the exploded waste concrete component mixture enters a classifying screen through a discharge opening at the bottom of the silo, coarse aggregate, fine aggregate and cement stone components in the waste concrete are separated, and component separation is completed.
As an improvement, the autoclave comprises a autoclave body, wherein an air pressure sensor is arranged on the inner side of the autoclave body, a controller and an electromagnetic relay are arranged on the outer side of the autoclave body, an electromagnetic control valve is arranged at the bottom of the autoclave body, and an iron core is arranged at one end of the electromagnetic control valve;
the air pressure sensor is connected with the controller, the controller is connected with the electromagnetic relay, and when the electromagnetic control valve is closed, the iron core is contacted with the electromagnetic relay.
As an improvement, a feed inlet is arranged above the still kettle, and the waste concrete on the material conveying belt enters the still kettle through the feed inlet.
As an improvement, the silo is funnel-shaped, the upper part of the silo is open, and the lower part of the silo is connected with the classifying screen through a discharging hole; the silo is supported and fixed on the ground through a frame.
As an improvement, the inner diameter of the upper part of the silo is larger than the inner diameter of the autoclave.
As a modification, the set limit value in the step 4) is 2-3MPa.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1) The invention can obtain the recycled coarse aggregate with the purity close to that of the natural aggregate. After the waste concrete block is heated up rapidly in the autoclave, most of high-temperature and high-pressure water vapor is accumulated in loose and porous mortar. When the water vapor in the concrete rapidly expands outwards, the relatively soft mortar bursts, and the mortar layer is fully peeled off from the stone surface of the recycled concrete block stone to obtain the recycled coarse aggregate with the purity close to that of the natural aggregate, so that the workability, the strength and the durability of the recycled concrete are improved.
2) The invention has high production efficiency. The traditional method for removing the adhesive mortar on the surface of the recycled coarse aggregate of the waste concrete needs a series of complicated process steps, and has high production cost and lower efficiency. The single autoclaved explosion process of the waste concrete block only needs 5-10 minutes, the explosion quantity can reach tens of cubes, and the production efficiency is high. The method has simple process steps and good product effect, and can create more economic benefits.
3) The separation method has obvious social benefit, economic benefit and environmental benefit. The waste concrete is separated into the recycled aggregate, so that natural sand aggregate is saved, the damage to the environment caused by the exploitation of the sand aggregate is relieved, the problems of waste treatment and waste utilization are effectively solved, and the method is one of main measures for developing green concrete. And has important significance for realizing sustainable development of the concrete industry.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a separation scheme of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the autoclave feed of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the heating of the autoclave of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the explosion of the autoclave of the present invention;
in the figure: 1. waste concrete 2, a material conveying belt 3, a feed inlet 4, an autoclave 41, an air pressure sensor 42, a controller 43, an electromagnetic relay 44, an iron core 5, an electromagnetic control valve 6, a silo 7, a frame 8, a discharge opening 9 and a classifying screen.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail below in order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent. It should be understood that the detailed description and specific examples, while indicating the invention, are intended for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
As shown in fig. 1, the method for separating the components of the autoclaved exploded waste concrete comprises the following steps:
1) Presaturation water: crushing the waste concrete 1 into 30-100mm particle size stone blocks, and pre-sprinkling water to wet the stone blocks;
2) Feeding: the soaked waste concrete 1 is conveyed by a conveying belt 2 and enters an autoclave 4 from a feed inlet 3 at the upper part of the autoclave 4;
3) Steaming and pressing: closing the autoclave 4, starting heating equipment, and rapidly vaporizing pore water in the concrete block;
4) Releasing pressure and explosion: when the vapor pressure in the autoclave 4 reaches a set limit value, an electromagnetic control valve 5 at the lower end of the autoclave 4 is automatically opened, and the waste concrete block stones are sprayed into a silo 6 under the vapor pressure effect;
5) And (3) screening: the exploded waste concrete component mixture enters a classifying screen 9 through a discharge opening 8 at the bottom of the silo 6, coarse aggregate, fine aggregate and cement stone components in the waste concrete are separated, and component separation is completed.
As an improvement of the embodiment, as shown in fig. 2, 3 and 4, the autoclave 4 comprises a autoclave body, wherein an air pressure sensor 41 is installed at the inner side of the autoclave body, a controller 42 and an electromagnetic relay 43 are installed at the outer side of the autoclave body, an electromagnetic control valve 5 is arranged at the bottom of the autoclave body, and an iron core 44 is arranged at one end of the electromagnetic control valve 5;
the air pressure sensor 41 is used for detecting the pressure in the autoclave 4, when the air pressure sensor 41 detects that the pressure in the autoclave 4 is close to a set limit value, the air pressure sensor 41 sends a signal to the controller 42, the controller 42 controls the electromagnetic relay 43 to be powered off, at the moment, attractive force between the electromagnetic relay 43 and the iron core 44 disappears, the electromagnetic control valve 5 is opened, and the waste concrete 1 enters the silo 6 through the autoclave 4.
As an improvement of the embodiment, a feed inlet 3 is arranged above the autoclave 4, and the waste concrete 1 on the material conveying belt 2 enters the autoclave 4 through the feed inlet 3, so that the procedures are more tightly connected.
As an improvement of the embodiment, the silo 6 is funnel-shaped, the upper part of the silo is open, and the lower part of the silo is connected with the classifying screen 9 through the discharging hole 8; the silo 6 is supported and fixed on the ground through the frame 7, so that the whole structure is high in stability and more convenient to use.
As an improvement of the embodiment, the inner diameter of the upper part of the silo 6 is larger than the inner diameter of the autoclave 4. The diameter of the silo 6 is far larger than that of the autoclave 4, so that the gas expansion pressure generated in the explosion process is fully released, and the impact of the explosion on the silo 6 is eliminated; meanwhile, the silo 6 plays roles of enclosing and collecting.
As a modification, the set limit value in the step 4) is 2-3MPa.
Example 1
The autoclaved exploded waste concrete component separation method specifically comprises the following steps:
1) Presaturation water: firstly, crushing waste concrete into 30-100mm particle size stone blocks, and pre-sprinkling water to wet the stone blocks;
2) Feeding: placing the soaked waste concrete block stones on a material conveying belt 2, conveying the waste concrete block stones to a feed inlet 3 at the upper part of an autoclave 4 by the material conveying belt 2, and dropping the waste concrete block stones into the autoclave 4 from the feed inlet 3;
3) Steaming and pressing: closing a feed inlet 3 at the upper part of the autoclave 4 and an electromagnetic control valve 5 at the bottom, starting heating equipment to quickly vaporize pore water in the concrete block, and keeping vapor pressure inside and outside the concrete block balanced all the time and avoiding explosion of the waste concrete block in the process of continuously improving vapor pressure in the autoclave 4;
4) Releasing pressure and explosion: in the process of increasing the steam pressure, when the air pressure sensor 41 detects that the pressure in the autoclave 4 is close to the set limit value of 2-3MPa, the air pressure sensor 41 sends a signal to the controller 42, the controller 42 controls the electromagnetic relay 43 to be powered off, at the moment, the attractive force between the electromagnetic relay 43 and the iron core 44 disappears, the electromagnetic control valve 5 is opened, the waste concrete 1 is sprayed into the silo 6 under the action of steam pressure, the steam pressure balance inside and outside the stone blocks is broken, the steam in the concrete expands outwards rapidly, the steam pressure exceeds the tensile limit of the concrete, the waste concrete blocks burst, and the mortar is fully stripped from the stone surface;
after the explosion is completed, closing an electromagnetic control valve 5 of the autoclave, and carrying out the next round of feeding, steaming and explosion;
5) And (3) screening: the exploded waste concrete component mixture enters a classifying screen 9 through a discharge opening 8 of a silo 6, coarse aggregate, fine aggregate, cement stone and other components in the waste concrete are separated, and the component separation is completed.
The invention provides a method for separating components of autoclaved and exploded waste concrete, which comprises the steps of adding waste concrete block stones crushed into 30-100mm particle size into an autoclave, steaming the waste concrete block stones to a set limit value, rapidly heating the waste concrete block stones to enable pore water in the block stones to be rapidly vaporized, and enabling vapor pressure inside and outside the concrete block stones to be basically balanced in the process of continuously improving vapor pressure in the autoclave, so that the waste concrete block stones cannot be exploded. The lower end of the autoclave is provided with an electromagnetic control valve, when the vapor pressure reaches a set limit value, the valve automatically opens, the concrete block stone is sprayed out under the vapor pressure effect, the vapor pressure balance inside and outside the concrete block stone is broken, the vapor in the block stone expands outwards sharply, the vapor pressure exceeds the tensile limit of the concrete, the waste concrete block stone is exploded, and the stone and mortar are fully stripped. And finally, sieving the exploded material to separate the components of the concrete stone from the mortar.
The foregoing description of the preferred embodiments of the invention is not intended to be limiting, but rather is intended to cover all modifications, equivalents, or alternatives falling within the spirit and principles of the invention.
Claims (3)
1. The autoclaved exploded waste concrete component separation method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) Presaturation water: crushing the waste concrete (1) into waste concrete blocks with the particle size of 30-100mm, and pre-sprinkling water to enable the waste concrete blocks Dan Jinshi;
2) Feeding: the soaked waste concrete stones are conveyed through a conveying belt (2), enter the autoclave (4) from a feed inlet (3) at the upper part of the autoclave (4), the autoclave (4) comprises a kettle body, an air pressure sensor (41) is arranged at the inner side of the kettle body, a controller (42) and an electromagnetic relay (43) are arranged at the outer side of the kettle body, an electromagnetic control valve (5) is arranged at the bottom of the kettle body, and an iron core (44) is arranged at one end of the electromagnetic control valve (5); the air pressure sensor (41) is connected with the controller (42), the controller (42) is connected with the electromagnetic relay (43), and when the electromagnetic control valve (5) is closed, the iron core (44) is contacted with the electromagnetic relay (43);
3) Steaming and pressing: closing a feed inlet (3) at the upper part of the autoclave (4) and an electromagnetic control valve (5) at the bottom, starting heating equipment to quickly vaporize pore water in the waste concrete block, and keeping the vapor pressure inside and outside the waste concrete block balanced all the time in the process of continuously improving the vapor pressure in the autoclave (4), so that the waste concrete block cannot be exploded;
4) Releasing pressure and explosion: in the process of increasing the steam pressure, when the air pressure sensor (41) detects that the pressure in the autoclave (4) is close to the set limit value of 2-3MPa, the air pressure sensor (41) sends a signal to the controller (42), the controller (42) controls the electromagnetic relay (43) to be powered off, at the moment, the attractive force between the electromagnetic relay (43) and the iron core (44) disappears, the electromagnetic control valve (5) is opened, the waste concrete stones are sprayed into the silo (6) under the action of the steam pressure, the internal and external steam pressure balance of the waste concrete stones is broken, the steam in the waste concrete stones is expanded outwards rapidly, the steam pressure exceeds the tensile limit of concrete, and the waste concrete stones are exploded, so that mortar is fully stripped from the surface of the stones;
after the explosion is completed, an electromagnetic control valve (5) of the autoclave is closed, and the next round of feeding, steaming and explosion process is carried out;
5) And (3) screening: the exploded waste concrete component mixture enters a classifying screen (9) through a discharging port (8) at the bottom of a silo (6), coarse aggregate, fine aggregate and cement stone components in the waste concrete are separated, and component separation is completed.
2. The method for separating autoclaved exploded waste concrete components according to claim 1, wherein the silo (6) is funnel-shaped, the upper part of the silo is open, and the lower part of the silo is connected with the classifying screen (9) through a discharging hole (8); the silo (6) is supported and fixed on the ground through a frame (7).
3. The method for separating autoclaved aerated concrete components according to claim 1, wherein the inner diameter of the upper part of the silo (6) is larger than the inner diameter of the autoclave (4).
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201910522033.5A CN110252768B (en) | 2019-06-17 | 2019-06-17 | Autoclaved exploded waste concrete component separation method |
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| CN201910522033.5A CN110252768B (en) | 2019-06-17 | 2019-06-17 | Autoclaved exploded waste concrete component separation method |
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| CN110252768B true CN110252768B (en) | 2023-09-26 |
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| CN110665617A (en) * | 2019-11-07 | 2020-01-10 | 西安建筑科技大学 | Microwave-assisted coarse aggregate recovery production line equipment and method thereof |
| CN110919856B (en) * | 2019-11-19 | 2021-06-04 | 广西共达建设工程有限公司 | Pumice concrete paving and soaking device for building |
| CN115415030A (en) * | 2022-08-08 | 2022-12-02 | 武汉科技大学 | Device for regenerating high-grade concrete aggregate through hydraulic detackification and application method |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH0679253A (en) * | 1992-07-16 | 1994-03-22 | Yukihiko Tokawa | Recycling method for used hygienic product |
| JPH08119697A (en) * | 1994-10-20 | 1996-05-14 | Ohbayashi Corp | Regeneration of aggregate |
| CN1830874A (en) * | 2005-03-10 | 2006-09-13 | 长江大学 | Method for producing steam-pressing silicate products by waste concrete |
| CN102010144A (en) * | 2010-11-01 | 2011-04-13 | 青岛理工大学 | Method for preparing high-quality recycled fine aggregates by utilizing waste concrete |
-
2019
- 2019-06-17 CN CN201910522033.5A patent/CN110252768B/en active Active
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH0679253A (en) * | 1992-07-16 | 1994-03-22 | Yukihiko Tokawa | Recycling method for used hygienic product |
| JPH08119697A (en) * | 1994-10-20 | 1996-05-14 | Ohbayashi Corp | Regeneration of aggregate |
| CN1830874A (en) * | 2005-03-10 | 2006-09-13 | 长江大学 | Method for producing steam-pressing silicate products by waste concrete |
| CN102010144A (en) * | 2010-11-01 | 2011-04-13 | 青岛理工大学 | Method for preparing high-quality recycled fine aggregates by utilizing waste concrete |
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