CN115415030A - Device for regenerating high-grade concrete aggregate through hydraulic detackification and application method - Google Patents
Device for regenerating high-grade concrete aggregate through hydraulic detackification and application method Download PDFInfo
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- CN115415030A CN115415030A CN202210944920.3A CN202210944920A CN115415030A CN 115415030 A CN115415030 A CN 115415030A CN 202210944920 A CN202210944920 A CN 202210944920A CN 115415030 A CN115415030 A CN 115415030A
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- 230000001172 regenerating effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
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- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 58
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 38
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- 238000004080 punching Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000010720 hydraulic oil Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims description 6
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C19/00—Other disintegrating devices or methods
- B02C19/06—Jet mills
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C19/00—Other disintegrating devices or methods
- B02C19/0056—Other disintegrating devices or methods specially adapted for specific materials not otherwise provided for
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C23/00—Auxiliary methods or auxiliary devices or accessories specially adapted for crushing or disintegrating not provided for in preceding groups or not specially adapted to apparatus covered by a single preceding group
- B02C23/08—Separating or sorting of material, associated with crushing or disintegrating
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C23/00—Auxiliary methods or auxiliary devices or accessories specially adapted for crushing or disintegrating not provided for in preceding groups or not specially adapted to apparatus covered by a single preceding group
- B02C23/08—Separating or sorting of material, associated with crushing or disintegrating
- B02C23/10—Separating or sorting of material, associated with crushing or disintegrating with separator arranged in discharge path of crushing or disintegrating zone
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B09B3/00—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless
- B09B3/30—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless involving mechanical treatment
- B09B3/35—Shredding, crushing or cutting
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C2201/00—Codes relating to disintegrating devices adapted for specific materials
- B02C2201/06—Codes relating to disintegrating devices adapted for specific materials for garbage, waste or sewage
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B09B2101/00—Type of solid waste
- B09B2101/45—Concrete
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/91—Use of waste materials as fillers for mortars or concrete
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Preparation Of Clay, And Manufacture Of Mixtures Containing Clay Or Cement (AREA)
Abstract
A device for regenerating high-grade concrete aggregate through hydraulic detackification comprises a water supply system, a pressurization system, a control system, a crushing system and a recovery system, wherein the water supply system injects water into a reversing valve, the pressurization system is used for pressurization, the control system is used for controlling the translation of a water jet nozzle, high-pressure water jet sprayed by the water jet nozzle is used for hydraulically detackifying waste concrete placed in the crushing system, regenerated coarse aggregate, regenerated fine aggregate and cement slurry tailing are separated and reserved, and circulating water is collected and enters a flushing water tank for cyclic utilization. The invention effectively avoids the frictional damage in the aggregate separation and recovery process, and the whole process can crush and detackify the waste concrete at one time, so that the aggregates are automatically separated, and the process is simple and reliable; the method has the technical advantages of simple process, scientific principle, safety, high efficiency, energy conservation and environmental protection in the field of waste concrete recovery, and has good application prospect.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of waste concrete recovery and aggregate separation, in particular to a device for regenerating high-grade concrete aggregate through hydraulic debonding and an application method.
Background
Recycled concrete production is the leading direction for waste concrete recovery, and effective separation of aggregate from cement paste is considered to be the first step in producing recycled concrete. The mechanical crushing and screening method is the main recovery method of waste concrete at present, but it faces a severe technical bottleneck. On one hand, the aggregate is separated and recovered by a mechanical crushing concrete and vibrating screening aggregate method, the process is complex, and the surface of the aggregate is inevitably damaged and damaged to different degrees due to the acting force of mechanical tools on the concrete in the recovery process, so that potential safety hazards are caused; on the other hand, the mechanical crushing and screening method is difficult to completely remove cement paste attached to the surface of the aggregate in the aggregate separation process, the aggregate wrapped by the cement paste has larger void ratio and water absorption, and the recycled aggregate directly influences the strength of recycled concrete, so that the recycling performance of the aggregate is reduced.
Therefore, the technical problems in the field of waste concrete recovery at present are that the old building demolition and concrete crushing mode needs to be optimized, and the quality of the aggregate obtained after concrete crushing needs to be improved. The concrete crushing mode determines the crushing mechanism, the crushing mechanism determines the aggregate quality, the aggregate quality directly determines the recycling performance of the recycled aggregate, and the improvement of the recycling performance of the recycled aggregate needs to start from the improvement of the concrete crushing mode.
Chinese patent CN110449348B discloses a concrete aggregate separation device and separation method. The main components such as a base, a separation platform, a separation pot, a protective device, a weight measuring mechanism, a feeding mechanism, a stirring assembly, a controller and the like are used through design, so that the separation and the collection of concrete aggregate are realized. The method avoids the overflow of dust and air pollution generated by separation, ensures the operation safety and health of operators, and improves the utilization rate of aggregate separation. However, the method mainly depends on the vibration and impact of mechanical kinetic energy, the stripping of cement paste attached to the surface of the aggregate and the frictional damage of the aggregate are neglected, and the quality of the aggregate still needs to be improved.
Chinese patent CN111410448B discloses a concrete aggregate separation device and a separation method thereof. Through design supporting mechanism and actuating mechanism, carry out concrete aggregate separation work based on the device. The method can effectively prevent the aggregates from being collided too much, ensure the integrity of the aggregates, and can effectively carry out screening treatment on the aggregates with different sizes and specifications, thereby effectively improving the universality of the actual use of equipment. However, the method only considers the integrity preservation during the separation of the aggregate, does not relate to the adhesive adhesion of cement paste on the surface of the aggregate, and influences the reusability of the recycled aggregate.
Chinese patent CN113461353A discloses a method for quickly separating raw coarse aggregate sand prize. The mortar is gradually separated from the natural coarse aggregate by heating the recycled coarse aggregate and then immersing the recycled coarse aggregate in cold water, and the mortar is finally removed by repeating heating and soaking. The method places the recycled coarse aggregate under the cold-hot coupling effect to realize the effective separation of cement mortar and coarse aggregate to a certain extent. However, the method only relates to the treatment of the recycled coarse aggregate, the waste concrete is not directly used as a treatment object, the crushing mode of the concrete is still mechanical crushing, and the influence of thermal expansion and cold contraction on the performance of the recycled aggregate and the difficulty in stripping cement paste are neglected.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems, the invention provides a device for regenerating high-grade concrete aggregate by hydraulic debonding, which has the specific technical scheme that:
an apparatus for hydraulically detackifying recycled high grade concrete aggregate, comprising:
the water supply system at least comprises a flushing water tank, a first filter and a first high-pressure plunger pump which are communicated in sequence and is used for injecting water in the flushing water tank into a subsequent system;
the pressurization system at least comprises a second high-pressure plunger pump, a supercharger and a reversing valve, wherein the first high-pressure plunger pump is connected with the reversing valve, and the second high-pressure plunger pump is used for pressurizing water injected into the reversing valve;
the crushing system comprises a crushing kettle, a punching pad arranged in the crushing kettle, and a first screen and a second screen which are arranged at the bottom in the crushing kettle, wherein a water jet nozzle connected with a reversing valve is arranged at the top of the crushing kettle in a height-adjustable manner, the water jet nozzle utilizes high-pressure water jet to erode and crush waste concrete placed on a punching steel plate, and the first screen and the second screen are respectively used for screening coarse aggregate, fine aggregate and cement paste tailings;
the control system comprises a servo motor, wherein the driving end of the servo motor is connected with the water jet nozzle and controls the water jet nozzle to move horizontally;
the recycling system comprises a coarse aggregate converging device, a fine aggregate converging device, a tailing converging device and a hot air dryer, wherein the coarse aggregate converging device is connected to a first screen, the fine aggregate converging device is connected to a second screen, the bottom of the hot air dryer is communicated with the tailing converging device, a second filter is communicated with the bottom of the crushing kettle, cement slurry tailings blocked by the second filter are sent into the hot air dryer, the bottom outlet of the second filter is communicated with a circulating water tank, circulating water collected in the circulating water tank enters a flushing water tank for recycling, and the inlet of the second filter is communicated with the bottom of the crushing kettle.
Furthermore, the servo motor controls the water jet nozzle to move, the adjustable range of the target distance is 8-20 mm, and the transverse moving speed of the water jet nozzle is 5-20 mm/s.
Further, the diameter of the mesh of the first screen is 4.75mm, and the diameter of the mesh of the second screen is 0.25mm.
Further, the diameter of the water jet nozzle is 0.33mm, and a one-way valve for preventing the jet flow from reversely flowing is arranged in the water jet nozzle.
Further, the booster and the reversing valve are each provided with a pressure control element.
Further, the second high-pressure plunger pump pressurizes the water injected into the reversing valve to 60-100 MPa to form high-pressure high-speed jet flow.
An application method of a device for regenerating high-grade concrete aggregate by hydraulic debonding comprises the following steps:
(1) Pumping water in the water tank through a first high-pressure plunger pump, filtering to remove impurities, and conveying the water to a reversing valve;
(2) After the waste concrete is washed and dried, the waste concrete is placed on a punching pad of a crushing kettle to be centered and stable, so that the top surface of the waste concrete is opposite to a water jet nozzle;
(3) Starting a servo motor to control the movement of the water jet nozzle;
(4) The second high-pressure plunger pump pressurizes the hydraulic oil and then conveys the hydraulic oil to the reversing valve, the hydraulic oil is converted into water pressure, and water is pressurized and forms high-speed jet flow through the nozzle;
(5) A water jet nozzle in the crushing kettle sprays high-pressure water jet with the axial dynamic pressure of 60-100 MPa, the waste concrete is crushed and eroded, and the movement of the water jet nozzle is controlled by a servo motor, so that the integral detackification of the waste concrete is realized;
(6) After the detackification is finished, the concrete raw material passes through the holes in the punching base plate, the separation of coarse aggregate is finished through the first screen, and fine aggregate and cement slurry tailings are allowed to pass through; and a second screen is used for separating fine aggregate, allowing the cement slurry tailings to pass through, a pipeline at the bottom of the crushing kettle conveys the cement slurry tailings to a second filter, the water blocking cement slurry tailings are conveyed to a cement slurry tailing gathering device after being dried, circulating water without tailing doping is filtered out, and the circulating water is conveyed to a flushing water tank to act on a water supply system, so that the cyclic utilization is realized.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) The method can completely reserve the recycled coarse aggregate, the recycled fine aggregate and the cement slurry tailing while finishing hydraulic detackifying of concrete. By utilizing the strength difference between the aggregate and the cement paste and adjusting the working pressure of the high-pressure water jet, the water jet has the capability of crushing concrete but not enough to destroy the aggregate, so that the aggregate is completely remained in the concrete crushing process, the frictional damage in the aggregate separating and recycling process is effectively avoided, the whole process can crush and detackify the waste concrete at one time, and the aggregate is automatically separated, simple and reliable;
(2) The crushing and detackifying effects of the high-pressure water fluid on the concrete can be fully exerted, the mechanical property of the concrete is weakened, the threshold pressure of aggregate separation is greatly reduced, and the unit energy consumption is reduced; when the jet flow working pressure is 100-300 MPa, the jet flow concrete block crusher has the capacity of fully crushing common concrete blocks; when the working pressure of the jet flow is reduced to 60-100 MPa, the jet flow has the capability of fully decomposing the viscous cement paste so as to separate the aggregate;
(3) The volume crushing and cleaning effects of the water jet impact on the concrete are fully exerted, the influence of doping waste materials on the performance of the concrete in the crushing process is avoided, the high-efficiency detackification of the concrete is synchronously realized, the high-quality aggregate with a clean surface and no attachments is obtained, the particle size range of the recycled coarse aggregate obtained by the high-pressure water jet detackification of the concrete is 4.75-19 mm, and the particle size range of the recycled fine aggregate is 0.25-4.75 mm. By utilizing the characteristic of the particle size of the tailings, a screen with the diameter of 300-mesh sieve holes is arranged in the circulating water recovery system, so that the interception and retention of the cement slurry tailings are synchronously realized, and the working procedures are further saved;
(4) The water jet impact can reduce the temperature of the concrete during debonding, avoid secondary damage caused by a heat effect and keep various properties of the material; on one hand, the water jet impact crushing has a mechanochemical effect, can effectively remove cement paste attached to the surface of the aggregate, and the high-quality recycled aggregate obtained by hydraulic debonding has a good promoting effect on recycled concrete; on the other hand, the jet impact can play a role in strong stirring in the concrete crushing kettle, and is very beneficial to de-bonding the cement paste. Therefore, the invention has the technical advantages of simple process, scientific principle, safety, high efficiency, energy conservation and environmental protection in the field of waste concrete recovery, and has good application prospect.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a diagram of the apparatus structure and process flow of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a process diagram of the hydraulic detackifying high grade concrete raw material of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a diagram of the process of regenerating high grade concrete aggregate by hydraulic detackification according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a diagram of a hydraulic fracturing aggregate-mortar separation process of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating the process of attaching cement slurry to hydraulically scoured aggregates in accordance with the present invention.
In the figure: 1-a flush tank; 2-a gate valve; 3-a first filter; 4-a first high pressure plunger pump; 5-a flow meter; 6-a hydraulic oil tank; 7-a second high pressure plunger pump; 8-hydraulic valves; 9-a supercharger; 10-a diverter valve; 11-pressure gauge; 12-a computer; 13-a control terminal; 14-a servo motor; 15-a water jet nozzle; 16-a crushing kettle; 17-waste concrete; 18-punching a backing plate; 19-a first screen; 20-a second screen; 21-a water collecting tank; 22-a second filter; 23-a circulating water tank; 24-hot air dryer; 25-a screw-on valve; 26-tailing gathering device; 27-collecting coarse aggregate; 28-collecting fine aggregate; 29-a column of concrete; 30-a concrete beam; 31-a concrete slab; 32-a concrete block; 33-recycled coarse aggregate; 34-recycled fine aggregate; 35-cement slurry tailing; 36-water jet; 37-microcracking.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described with reference to the following figures and specific examples:
as shown in fig. 1, the device for regenerating high-grade concrete aggregate by hydraulic detackifying comprises:
(1) The water supply system comprises a flushing water tank 1, a first filter 3 and a first high-pressure plunger pump 4 which are sequentially communicated, wherein a gate valve 2 is arranged between the flushing water tank 1 and the first filter 3 and used for cutting off a water source; the first filter 3 filters out impurities in water or recycled circulating water, and the impurities are prevented from entering the first high-pressure plunger pump 4; and a flowmeter 5 is installed behind the first plunger pump, water in the flushing water tank 1 is pressurized by the first plunger pump after being filtered and then is injected into a subsequent system, and the flowmeter 5 is used for measuring the instant flow and the total amount of the water.
Specifically, a temperature control element is arranged in the flushing water tank 1, the temperature of water is controlled to be 18-25 ℃, and the temperature control mode can adopt an external heat source, such as modes of controlling the steam flow of a steam heating coil or the heating power of electric heating in a feedback mode in front of the temperature control element to control the water temperature; a filter screen with 400 meshes is arranged in the first filter 3.
(2) The pressurization system at least comprises a second high-pressure plunger pump 7, a pressurizer 9 and a reversing valve 10, the first high-pressure plunger pump 4 is connected with the reversing valve 10, and the second high-pressure plunger pump 7 pressurizes water injected into the reversing valve 10; an inlet of the second high-pressure plunger pump 7 is externally connected with a hydraulic oil tank 6, a hydraulic valve 8 is arranged between the second high-pressure plunger pump 7 and the supercharger 9, and an outlet of the reversing valve 10 is provided with a pressure gauge 11; the booster 9 and the directional control valve 10 are each provided with a pressure control element, and the pressure control element is used to detect feedback control water pressure and oil pressure, thereby adjusting the pressure of hydraulic oil to control the water pressure.
The water supply system and the pressurization system are combined to form a high-pressure water jet system. Based on the liquid pressurization principle, the first high-pressure plunger pump 4 pumps water from the flushing water tank 1 and conveys the water to one side of the reversing valve 10, the second high-pressure plunger pump 7 pumps hydraulic oil from the hydraulic oil tank 6, the hydraulic oil is pressurized by the supercharger 9 and then conveyed to the other side of the reversing valve 10, the reversing valve 10 is pushed to convert the hydraulic oil into water pressure by utilizing the property of liquid pressure transmission, and the water with huge pressure energy forms high-speed jet flow through the water jet nozzle 15 with small diameter.
Preferably, the water jet nozzle 15 has a diameter of 0.33mm and is provided with a check valve therein to prevent the reverse flow of the jet.
Preferably, the second high-pressure plunger pump 7 pressurizes the water injected into the reversing valve 10 to 60 to 100MPa to form a high-pressure high-speed jet.
(3) The crushing system comprises a crushing kettle 16, a punching pad 18 arranged in the crushing kettle 16, and a first screen 19 and a second screen 20 which are arranged at the bottom in the crushing kettle 16, wherein a water jet nozzle 15 connected with a reversing valve 10 is arranged at the top of the crushing kettle 16, the water jet nozzle 15 utilizes high-pressure water jet to erode and crush waste concrete 17 placed on a punching steel plate, and the first screen 19 and the second screen 20 are respectively used for screening coarse aggregate, fine aggregate and cement slurry tailings;
the crushing kettle 16 is provided with an openable and lockable sealing cover, so that the waste concrete 17 is conveniently placed on the punching base plate 18; the punching backing plate 18 is arranged in the middle of the crushing kettle 16, the first screen mesh 19 and the second screen mesh 20 are sequentially arranged at the lower part of the crushing kettle 16, and the second screen mesh 20 and the bottom of the crushing kettle 16 are at a certain height to form a water collecting tank 21, so that the water collecting tank 21 in the crushing kettle 16 can collect cement slurry tailings. The water jet nozzle 15 releases high-pressure water jet to impact the waste concrete 17, and the punching pad plate 18 is used for supporting the spatial vertical position of the waste concrete 17, so that convenience is provided for hydraulic breaking and debonding; the water jet nozzle 15 is connected with the servo motor 14 so as to control the spatial position of the water jet nozzle 15 according to different stages of hydraulic detackification, and the detackification of the concrete and the separation of aggregate are completed.
Preferably, the punching base plate 18 is a punching steel plate with a reserved hole, the thickness of the punching steel plate is 10-20 mm, and broken concrete aggregate and cement slurry tailing materials can fall onto the screen conveniently.
Preferably, the first screen 19 has a mesh diameter of 4.75mm to ensure that all fine aggregates and cement slurry tailing particles pass through and to isolate coarse aggregates; the second screen 20 has a mesh diameter of 0.25mm to ensure that the cement slurry tailings pass through and the fine aggregate is collected.
(4) The control system comprises a servo motor 14, and the driving end of the servo motor 14 is connected with a water jet nozzle 15 and controls the translation of the water jet nozzle; the servo motor 14 is electrically connected with the control terminal 13 and the computer 12, and is used for displaying and controlling the operation parameters and conditions of the servo motor 14.
The water jet nozzle 15 and the servo motor 14 are movably and fixedly arranged on the rack, so that the target distance between the water jet nozzle 15 and the waste concrete 17 can be adjusted; a movable bellows is arranged between the water jet nozzle 15 and the reversing valve 10 so as to move along with the water jet nozzle 15.
Preferably, the servo motor 14 controls the water jet nozzle 15 to move, the adjustable range of the target distance is 8-20 mm, and the transverse moving speed of the water jet nozzle 15 is 5-20 mm/s, so as to implement the whole detackification of the waste concrete 17. Wherein, a gear system can be arranged on the water jet nozzle 15, and the driving shaft of the servo motor 14 is connected with the gear system, so that the translation of the water jet nozzle 15 in all directions can be controlled by switching the servo motor 14 through the gear system, so that the water jet nozzle 15 can be aligned to all positions on the top of the waste concrete, and the detackification of the waste concrete is realized.
(5) The recycling system comprises a coarse aggregate converging device 27, a fine aggregate converging device 28, a tailing converging device 26 and a hot air dryer 24, wherein the coarse aggregate converging device 27 is connected to a first screen 19, the fine aggregate converging device 28 is connected to a second screen 20, the bottom of the hot air dryer 24 is communicated with the tailing converging device 26, a water collecting tank 21 is communicated with a second filter 22, cement slurry tailing blocked by the second filter 22 is sent into the hot air dryer 24, the bottom outlet of the second filter 22 is communicated with a circulating water tank 23, circulating water collected in the circulating water tank 23 enters a flushing water tank 1 for recycling, and the inlet of the second filter 22 is communicated with the water collecting tank 21.
Specifically, the first screen 19 and the second screen 20 may be respectively connected to a power system capable of conveying the aggregates collected thereon to the corresponding pipeline, the power system may be a wind source with pressure, a movable long-handle brush, or the like, or the first screen 19 and the second screen 20 may be movably disposed in the crushing kettle 16 in an inclined manner, and both are respectively connected to a vibration motor, and the aggregates collected thereon are conveyed to the corresponding pipeline by vibration of the vibration motor.
The bottom of the water collecting tank 21 is communicated with a second filter 22, a 300-mesh screen is arranged in the second filter 22, and filtered circulating water flows into a circulating water tank 23; the cement slurry tailings blocked by the second filter 22 are manually treated and then poured into a hot air dryer 24, and are dried by the hot air dryer 24 and then conveyed to a tailings collector 26, and a discharge pipe at the bottom of the hot air dryer 24 is provided with a screwing valve 25 to control the discharge of the cement slurry tailings.
It should be noted that fig. 1 is a view only, and the layout of the pipeline and the equipment in the present device should be beneficial to transport by using solid and liquid under the action of gravity, and is not limited to the layout form in the view.
An application method of a device for regenerating high-grade concrete aggregate by hydraulic detackification comprises the following steps:
(1) And opening the gate valve 2, pumping water in the flushing water tank 1 through the first high-pressure plunger pump 4, stopping impurities through the first filter 3, conveying the water to the reversing valve 10, and using the flowmeter 5 to synchronously monitor the water flow in the pipeline.
(2) After the waste concrete 17 is cleaned and dried, the sealing cover is opened, the waste concrete is placed on a punching pad 18 of a crushing kettle 16 to be centered and stable, the top surface of the waste concrete 17 is aligned with the water jet nozzle 15, and the sealing cover is locked.
(3) The computer 12 is connected with a control terminal 13, and a servo motor 14 is started to control the rotation and translation of the water jet nozzle 15.
(4) The second high-pressure plunger pump 7 pumps the hydraulic oil out of the hydraulic oil tank 6, the hydraulic oil is pressurized to 6-10 MPa through the booster 9, the reversing valve 10 is pushed to convert the oil pressure into the water pressure according to the ratio of 10 times of the sectional area, so that the water obtains 10 times of pressure and forms high-speed jet flow through the water jet nozzle 15 with a small diameter.
(5) Water is sprayed from a water jet nozzle 15 at the top end of a concrete crushing kettle 16 to form a high-pressure water jet with axial dynamic pressure of 60-100 MPa, the high-pressure water jet directly impacts the surface of the crushed waste concrete 17, the movement of the water jet nozzle 15 is controlled by a servo motor 14, the target distance is adjusted to be 8-20 mm, the transverse moving speed of the nozzle is adjusted to be 5-20 mm/s, and the whole de-bonding of the waste concrete 17 is implemented.
(6) After the detackification is finished, the concrete raw material passes through the holes in the punching base plate 18, the separation of coarse aggregate is finished through the first screen 19, and fine aggregate and cement paste tailings are allowed to pass through; the separation of fine aggregate is completed by using the second screen 20, the cement slurry tailings are allowed to pass through, the pipeline at the bottom of the water collecting tank 21 conveys the cement slurry tailings to the second filter 22, the water-blocking cement slurry tailings are conveyed to the cement slurry tailing converging device 26 after being dried, circulating water without tailing doping is filtered out, and the circulating water is conveyed to the flushing water tank 1 to act on a water supply system, so that the recycling is realized.
(7) Conveying the cement slurry tailing and water in the water collecting tank 21 to a second filter 22 through a pipeline at the bottom of the water collecting tank, cutting off the water-blocking cement slurry tailing through a 300-mesh screen arranged in the second filter 22, drying the water-blocking cement slurry tailing by a hot air dryer 24, and conveying the water-blocking cement slurry tailing to a cement slurry tailing gathering device 26; and finally, filtering the circulating water, conveying the filtered circulating water to a flushing water tank 1 to act on a water supply system, realizing cyclic utilization, and finishing the process of regenerating the high-grade concrete aggregate by hydraulic debonding.
The invention considers that the existing demolition modes of blasting, machinery and the like mainly used for old concrete buildings are mainly focused on efficient demolition and directional collapse, but neglects the retention of the recycling performance of building structures and materials, so that various waste materials are doped in the collapse and crushing processes of concrete members and materials, the strength and other mechanical properties are seriously damaged, and the residual value extracted by hydraulic debonding is greatly reduced. Therefore, the method for optimizing the dismantling mode of old concrete buildings to improve the recycling performance of concrete members and materials is very favorable for keeping the residual strength of the concrete members as assembled members or preparing high-grade concrete raw materials by hydraulic detackifying concrete and improving the resource rate of construction waste.
FIG. 2 shows a process diagram of the present invention for hydraulically debonding a high grade concrete feedstock;
the process of regenerating the high-grade concrete raw material by hydraulic detackification comprises the following steps in sequence: and hydraulically dismantling old concrete buildings, hydraulically crushing concrete members and hydraulically debonding to generate high-grade concrete recycled coarse aggregates, recycled fine aggregates and cement slurry tailings.
First, an old concrete building, the structural frame of which is mainly composed of concrete columns 29, concrete beams 30, and concrete slabs 31, is demolished using ultra-high pressure water jets. Preferably, the cantilever type high-pressure water jet cutting equipment is arranged on a movable device, the jet pressure for hydraulic dismantling is adjusted to be 300-500 MPa, the target distance is controlled within the cutting range of 2-5 mm, and the transverse moving speed of the nozzle is 2mm/s. Before the dismantling, a support system is used for fixing the dismantling component, so that sudden falling in the dismantling process is prevented; considering the load transmission route of a building (structure), the demolition scheme is designed from the top layer, and the demolition sequence of each layer is from top to bottom: plates, beams, columns. The cold cutting characteristic of hydraulic demolition can furthest maintain the performances of the concrete column 29, the concrete beam 30 and the concrete slab 31 without damage, and guarantee is provided for further manufacturing the concrete into effective raw materials of recycled concrete.
Then, the concrete member is crushed by high-pressure water jet, and the concrete column 29, the concrete beam 30 and the concrete slab 31 which are removed are hydraulically crushed and further subdivided into concrete blocks 32 which are smaller in size and more convenient for performing aggregate separation. Preferably, the jet pressure of hydraulic fracture is reduced to 100-300 MPa, the target distance is adjusted to 5-8 mm, and the transverse moving speed of the nozzle is 4mm/s. The method for separating the aggregate from the concrete member by hydraulic breaking can be used as a pre-step of regenerating a high-grade concrete raw material by hydraulic debonding, and the detached concrete member has larger volume and stronger internal bonding force, so that the aggregate is directly separated with certain difficulty.
Finally, hydraulic debonding is used to generate high-grade concrete recycled coarse aggregate, recycled fine aggregate and cement slurry tailing by the device and the application method provided by the invention.
FIG. 3 shows a diagram of the process of hydraulic debonding recycled high grade concrete aggregate of the present invention;
the hydraulically crushed concrete blocks 32 are further hydraulically debonded using water jets 36 to produce high grade concrete recycled coarse aggregate 33, recycled fine aggregate 34, and cement slurry tailings 35. Preferably, the jet pressure of the water jet 36 is 60-100 MPa, the range of the target distance is expanded to 8-20 mm, the transverse moving speed of the nozzle is improved to 5-20 mm/s, so that the water jet 36 can continuously erode the concrete block 32 in all directions without dead angles, and micro cracks 37 developing along the edge of the aggregate can appear in the concrete block 32. The reason is that the connecting interface of the aggregate and the cement paste is used as a weak part in the concrete, generally, micropores and microcracks are easier to exist, under the multi-angle continuous erosion of the water jet, the growth of the micropores and the microcracks of the connecting interface is accelerated until the micropores and the microcracks penetrate through, finally, the concrete block 32 is debonded, the concrete aggregate and the cement paste are successfully separated, and then, the concrete recycled coarse aggregate 33, the recycled fine aggregate 34 and the cement paste tailing 35 are screened out according to the particle size.
FIG. 4 shows a diagram of the hydraulically fractured aggregate-mortar separation process of the present invention;
fracturing the concrete mass 32 (the concrete mass 32 is comprised of recycled coarse aggregate 33, recycled fine aggregate 34, and cement slurry tailings 35) using a water jet 36 induces aggregate-mortar separation. Under the continuous erosion of the water jet 36, concrete between the periphery of the concrete block 32 and the nearest recycled coarse aggregate 33 is removed to generate small micro cracks 37, due to factors such as construction means, in-situ casting, thermal expansion and cold contraction of the concrete structure and the like, large and small holes and gaps exist in the concrete, along with the continuous erosion of the water jet 36 and the continuous removal of the concrete on an erosion route, when more and more high-pressure water is added into the concrete block 32, the gaps are inevitably filled, the small micro cracks 37 are enlarged to the medium micro cracks 37, and the medium micro cracks 37 continuously evolve along weak positions at the edge of the recycled coarse aggregate 33 in the concrete block 32, the medium micro cracks 37 are further developed into large micro cracks 37, cement mortar on the surface of the recycled coarse aggregate 33 is effectively removed, and the coarse aggregate 33 and the cement mortar are successfully separated.
FIG. 5 is a diagram showing the process of attaching cement slurry to hydraulically scoured aggregates in accordance with the present invention;
the water jet 36 washes the cement slurry tailing 35 attached to the surface of the recycled coarse aggregate 33. A layer of cement slurry tailing 35 is attached to the surface of the recycled coarse aggregate 33, under the all-directional continuous flushing of the water jet 36, certain micropores and microcracks inevitably exist at the connecting interface of the two media due to the wrapping of the recycled coarse aggregate 33 by the cement slurry tailing 35, the cement slurry tailing 35 gradually peels off along with the continuous flushing of the water jet 36, and finally the recycled coarse aggregate 33 is successfully separated.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any modification, equivalent replacement, and improvement made by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. A device for regenerating high-grade concrete aggregate by hydraulic detackification is characterized by comprising:
the water supply system at least comprises a flushing water tank, a first filter and a first high-pressure plunger pump which are communicated in sequence and is used for injecting water in the flushing water tank into a subsequent system;
the pressurization system at least comprises a second high-pressure plunger pump, a supercharger and a reversing valve, wherein the first high-pressure plunger pump is connected with the reversing valve, and the second high-pressure plunger pump is used for pressurizing water injected into the reversing valve;
the crushing system comprises a crushing kettle, a punching pad arranged in the crushing kettle, and a first screen and a second screen which are arranged at the bottom in the crushing kettle, wherein a water jet nozzle connected with a reversing valve is arranged at the top of the crushing kettle in a height-adjustable manner, the water jet nozzle utilizes high-pressure water jet to erode and crush waste concrete placed on a punching steel plate, and the first screen and the second screen are respectively used for screening coarse aggregate, fine aggregate and cement paste tailings;
the control system comprises a servo motor, wherein the driving end of the servo motor is connected with the water jet nozzle and controls the water jet nozzle to move horizontally;
the recycling system comprises a coarse aggregate converging device, a fine aggregate converging device, a tailing converging device and a hot air dryer, wherein the coarse aggregate converging device is connected to a first screen, the fine aggregate converging device is connected to a second screen, the bottom of the hot air dryer is communicated with the tailing converging device, a second filter is communicated with the bottom of the crushing kettle, cement slurry tailings blocked by the second filter are sent into the hot air dryer, the bottom outlet of the second filter is communicated with a circulating water tank, circulating water collected in the circulating water tank enters a flushing water tank for recycling, and the inlet of the second filter is communicated with the bottom of the crushing kettle.
2. The apparatus for hydraulic debonding of high-grade concrete aggregate according to claim 1, wherein the servo motor controls the movement of the water jet nozzle, the target distance is adjustable within a range of 8-20 mm, and the traversing speed of the water jet nozzle is 5-20 mm/s.
3. The apparatus for hydrodetackifying recycled high grade concrete aggregate according to claim 1, wherein the first screen mesh diameter is 4.75mm and the second screen mesh diameter is 0.25mm.
4. The apparatus for regenerating high-grade concrete aggregate by hydraulic detackification according to claim 1, wherein the water jet nozzle has a diameter of 0.33mm and is provided with a check valve for preventing reverse flow of jet.
5. The apparatus for hydraulically detackifying recycled high grade concrete aggregate according to claim 1, wherein the pressure control element is provided in each of the booster and the diverter valve.
6. The apparatus for hydraulic debonding of high-grade concrete aggregate according to claim 1, wherein the second high-pressure plunger pump pressurizes the water injected into the reversing valve to 60-100 MPa to form high-pressure high-speed jet flow.
7. An application method of a device for regenerating high-grade concrete aggregate by hydraulic debonding is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) Pumping water in the water tank through a first high-pressure plunger pump, filtering to remove impurities, and conveying the water to a reversing valve;
(2) After being cleaned and dried, the waste concrete is placed on a punching pad of a crushing kettle to be centered and stable, so that the top surface of the waste concrete is right opposite to a water jet nozzle;
(3) Starting a servo motor to control the movement of the water jet nozzle;
(4) The second high-pressure plunger pump pressurizes the hydraulic oil and then conveys the hydraulic oil to the reversing valve, the hydraulic oil is converted into water pressure, and water is pressurized and forms high-speed jet flow through the nozzle;
(5) A water jet nozzle in the crushing kettle sprays high-pressure water jet with the axial dynamic pressure of 60-100 MPa, the waste concrete is crushed and eroded, and the movement of the water jet nozzle is controlled by a servo motor, so that the integral detackification of the waste concrete is realized;
(6) After the detackification is finished, the concrete raw material passes through the holes in the punching base plate, the separation of coarse aggregate is finished through the first screen, and fine aggregate and cement slurry tailings are allowed to pass through; and (3) finishing the separation of fine aggregates by using a second screen, allowing the cement slurry tailings to pass through, conveying the cement slurry tailings to a second filter by using a pipeline at the bottom of the crushing kettle, cutting and drying the water slurry tailings, conveying the dried water slurry tailings to a cement slurry tailing collecting device, filtering circulating water without tailing doping, conveying the circulating water to a flushing water tank, and acting on a water supply system to realize recycling.
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