CN110249963A

CN110249963A - A kind of planting matrix and preparation method instead of soil

Info

Publication number: CN110249963A
Application number: CN201910671782.4A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 张志华; 郭琮琮; 付念; 田书温; 刘洪庆
Original assignee: Tianjin Hailin Agricultural Science And Technology Development Co Ltd
Current assignee: Tianjin Hailin Agricultural Science And Technology Development Co Ltd
Priority date: 2019-07-24
Filing date: 2019-07-24
Publication date: 2019-09-20

Abstract

The present invention provides a kind of planting matrixs and preparation method instead of soil, using alkaline residue as primary raw material, it is aided with the substances such as stalk, flyash, humic acid, fulvic acid, acid-sludge, fowl and animal excrement, then mixes the cultivations such as suitable inorganic elements fertilizer, leaf mold, moisture and be prepared.This replaces the planting matrix of soil, using alkaline residue as primary raw material, after gradually adding several auxiliary materials again, a large amount of alkaline residue can be converted to by simple process the planting matrix of suitable for plant existence, it can be directly used for the greening that alkaline residue stacks ground, and do saline-alkali tolerant vegetation planting soil instead of soil, significantly solve alkaline residue Utilizing question, it realizes that alkaline residue is turned waste into wealth, there is wide commercial application prospect.

Description

A kind of planting matrix and preparation method instead of soil

Technical field

The invention belongs to ecological, environmental protective fields, more particularly, to a kind of planting matrix and preparation method instead of soil.

Background technique

Alkaline residue is also referred to as soda waste mud, is the waste residue discharged in ammonia-soda process alkali producing process, the main component of alkaline residue and containing measuring Certainly in the ingredient of alkaline raw material, mainly there is CaCO₃、CaCl₂、Mg(OH)₂With NaCl etc., contain a small amount of SiO simultaneously₂、Al₂O₃With Other salt, water-insoluble etc., under normal circumstances, alkaline residue take the processing mode of accumulation on ground surface, are formed after a large amount of alkaline residue deposition Large stretch of " white sea ", causes the pollution of ambient enviroment.Weight is developed and used with the enhancing of people's environmental consciousness and to secondary resource The raising of visual range degree, the comprehensive utilization of alkaline residue have obtained extensive concern, and application direction more mature at present mainly has production Construction material is used as industrial adsorbents and as soil conditioner etc., wherein alkaline residue is used as to the processing side of soil conditioner Formula is the most simple and fast, and obvious to the effect of increasing production of multiple kinds of crops, but the blending amount of alkaline residue is relatively fewer, using the period It is long, it is difficult to meet the alkaline residue process demand of the annual megaton in China.

In fact, alkaline residue can be considered a kind of special soils, it and soil have many something in commons, connect shape between alkaline residue particle At more loose lacunose condensate, quality is light, and bulk density is small, and porosity is big, water content is high, good permeability, may be regarded as soil Skeleton fills all kinds of nutriments in right amount, can meet the nutrient demand of plant growth, and exist in alkaline residue a large amount of activation calcium from Son, and the necessary moderate-element of plant growth and microelement that contain are conducive to the resistance for improving plant, if realized It is used as the soil substitute of plantation green plants after alkaline residue is improved, can effectively solves the Utilizing question of alkaline residue, has great Promotional value.

Summary of the invention

In view of this, the present invention is directed to propose a kind of planting matrix and preparation method instead of soil, this method condition temperature With, high income, method is simple, and it is at low cost, it is easy to large scale preparation.

In order to achieve the above objectives, the technical scheme of the present invention is realized as follows:

A kind of planting matrix instead of soil, by weight percentage, including following components: 50% -60% part of alkaline residue, 10%-15% parts of stalks, 5%-10% parts of flyash, 5%-15% parts of humic acid, 1%-5% parts of fulvic acids, 1%-5% portions of vinegar Slag, 1%-15% part fowl and animal excrement, 0.1%-0.5% parts of urea, 0.1%-0.5% parts of calcium dihydrogen phosphates, 0.0%-0.5% parts Potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 0.1%-0.5% part borax, 0.1%-0.5% parts of zinc sulfate, 0.1%-0.5% parts of ammonium molybdates, 0.1%- 0.5% part of manganese sulfate, 0.5%-1.0% parts of ferrous sulfate, 0.1%-1.0% parts of copper sulphate, the weight of the above components substance The sum of percentage is 100%.The sum of weight percent of the above components substance is 100%.

The present invention also provides a kind of above-mentioned preparation method of the planting matrix instead of soil, preparation method includes following main Step:

Step 1) elutes alkaline residue with water, and soluble-salt is separated from alkaline residue, is then carried out dehydrating alkaline residue；

Flyash is added into alkaline residue for step 2), fills up the gap between alkaline residue particle, absorbs the moisture contained in alkaline residue, Improve physico-mechanical properties, enhancing matrix support effect carries out sunning processing after being uniformly mixed alkaline residue and flyash；

Humic acid, fulvic acid and acetic acid is added in step 3), promotes CaCO in alkaline residue₃Dissolution, enhance alkaline residue pH buffering Effect；

Stalk and fowl and animal excrement is added in step 4), and sufficient organic matter and various microelements are provided for matrix；

Acid phosphate fertilizer, potash fertilizer and urea is added in step 5), supplements the missing of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium in matrix；

Step 6) mixes leaf mold, makes the environment suitable soil microbial proliferation of mixture, facilitates plant to nutrient Absorption, after spraying to the mixture after blending, cultivate several days；

Borax, zinc sulfate, ammonium molybdate, manganese sulfate, ferrous sulfate and copper sulphate etc. is added in step 7), to other microelements Regulated and controled.

Preferably, soluble-salt is down to 0.3% or less in alkaline residue of the step 1) after eluting.

Preferably, alkaline residue moisture content of the step 2) after drying is 30%-40%.

Preferably, step 3) stablizes the Alkali Waste pH Value that acid phosphate fertilizer, potash fertilizer and urea is added between 8.5-8.8.

Preferably, stalk and fowl and animal excrement are carried out fermentation process by step 4) in advance, and fermentation time is 2-3 hours, fermentation Temperature is 55 DEG C -60 DEG C.

Preferably, step 6) mixture water content is between 30%-40%, in the environment of 20 DEG C -40 DEG C, cultivates 15 It.

Compared with the existing technology, of the present invention to be had the advantage that instead of the planting matrix and preparation method of soil

A kind of planting matrix and preparation method instead of soil of the present invention, using alkaline residue as primary raw material, then gradually After adding several auxiliary materials, a large amount of alkaline residue can be converted to by simple process the planting matrix of suitable for plant existence, it can be straight The greening for stacking ground for alkaline residue is connect, and does saline-alkali tolerant vegetation planting soil instead of soil, significantly solves alkaline residue Utilizing question, it is real Existing alkaline residue is turned waste into wealth, and has wide commercial application prospect.

Detailed description of the invention

The attached drawing for constituting a part of the invention is used to provide further understanding of the present invention, schematic reality of the invention It applies example and its explanation is used to explain the present invention, do not constitute improper limitations of the present invention.In the accompanying drawings:

The stacking schematic diagram of alkaline residue in the step of Fig. 1 is planting matrix and preparation method of the present invention instead of soil (1)；

The stacking schematic diagram of alkaline residue in the step of Fig. 2 is planting matrix and preparation method of the present invention instead of soil (1)；

Fig. 3 is 60 days flowerpot experiment effect figures of planting matrix and preparation method that the present invention replaces soil；

Fig. 4 is 60 days flowerpot experiment effect figures of green soil.

Specific embodiment

In addition to being defined, technical term used in following embodiment has universal with those skilled in the art of the invention The identical meanings of understanding.Test reagent used in following embodiment is unless otherwise specified conventional biochemical reagent；It is described Experimental method is unless otherwise specified conventional method.

Below with reference to embodiment, the present invention will be described in detail.

Embodiment 1

The main component of experiment alkaline residue is detected, testing result is as shown in table 1:

1 alkaline residue Contents of Main Components table of table

Experiment derives from Tangshan Sanyou Chemical Co., Ltd with alkaline residue.

Embodiment 2

The content of beary metal of experiment alkaline residue and flyash is detected, testing result is as shown in table 2:

2 alkaline residue of table and flyash content of beary metal table

The national planting technique heavy metal content in soil table of table 3

It can be seen that the heavy metal of experiment alkaline residue and flyash from the testing result of alkaline residue and flyash content of beary metal Content meets national planting technique soil quality standard (HJ/T350-2007) primary technical requirement, will not cause two to environment Secondary pollution.

Embodiment 3

The preparation of planting matrix:

Step (1) elution

Alkaline residue to be stacked at trapezoidal, beats furrow at trapezoidal top and does low bank between fields, surrounding digs waterway, with flood elution alkaline residue heap, Soluble salt is separated from mixture, the weight ratio of water consumption and alkaline residue is about 3:1, soluble-salt in alkaline residue after treatment 0.3% is down to hereinafter, then taking off dry alkaline residue using dewaterer.(laboratory test uses small-sized household dewaterer, and actual production uses Large-scale sludge dewatering equipment replacement)

The synthesis of step (2) mixture (I)

Flyash is added in scrubbed alkaline residue, alkaline residue and flyash are uniformly mixed by blender, dried in the air Caustic sludge soil is shone to optimum moisture content 30%-40%, forms mixture I.Flyash is inhaled for filling up the gap between alkaline residue particle The moisture contained in alkaline residue is received, physico-mechanical properties, enhancing matrix support effect are improved.(laboratory test manually stirs, practical raw Silt mixer replacement can be used in production.)

The synthesis of step (3) mixture (II)

The organic acids such as humic acid, fulvic acid, acetic acid are added in mixture I, for promoting CaCO in alkaline residue₃Dissolution, The buffer function for enhancing alkaline residue pH, makes pH stable between 8.5-8.8, forms mixtures II.

The synthesis of step (4) mixture (III)

The stalk and fowl and animal excrement being added in mixtures II form mixtures III, and stalk and fowl and animal excrement are before addition Needing to carry out fermentation process in advance, fermentation time is 2-3 hour, 55 DEG C -60 DEG C of fermentation temperature, for providing abundance for matrix Organic matter and various microelements.

The synthesis of step (5) mixture (IV)

Acid phosphate fertilizer, potash fertilizer, urea is added, mixture IV is formed, for supplementing the missing of nitrogen in matrix, phosphorus, potassium.

The synthesis of step (6) mixture (V)

Leaf mold is mixed in mixture IV, forming mixture V is maintained at its water content with water spray mixture V It between 30%-40%, is then cultivated 15 days in the environment of 20 DEG C -40 DEG C, promotes microbial proliferation, facilitate plant to nutrient Absorption.

The synthesis of step (7) planting matrix

Borax, zinc sulfate, ammonium molybdate, manganese sulfate, ferrous sulfate, copper sulphate etc. are added in mixture V, regulates and controls other micro- The content of secondary element.

Embodiment 3 is divided into five groups, and the proportion of different component blend is different, and specific volume accounting is as shown in table 4:

The specific proportion of blend used in table 4

Title	A group	B group	C group	D group	E group
						Alkaline residue	50	52	54	56	58
Stalk	15	14	13	12	11
						Flyash	5	6	7	8	9
Humic acid	5	7	9	11	13
						Fulvic acid	3	2.5	2	1.5	1
Acid-sludge	5	4.5	4	3.5	3
						Fowl and animal excrement	15	12	9	6	3
Urea	0.2	0.25	0.3	0.35	0.4
						Calcium dihydrogen phosphate	0.5	0.45	0.4	0.35	0.3
Potassium dihydrogen phosphate	0.2	0.15	0.1	0.05	0
						Borax	0.1	0.1	0.1	0.1	0.1
Zinc sulfate	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2
						Ammonium molybdate	0.1	0.1	0.1	0.1	0.1
Manganese sulfate	0.1	0.1	0.1	0.1	0.1
						Ferrous sulfate	0.5	0.55	0.6	0.65	0.7
Copper sulphate	0.1	0.1	0.1	0.1	0.1

Embodiment 4

The nutrient content of planting matrix is detected, testing result is as shown in table 5:

5 planting matrix nutrient content contrast table of table

The nutrient content table of 6 green soil of table

Nutrient	Green soil nutrient content
		Available phosphorus (mg/kg)	5~60
Available potassium (mg/kg)	60~300
		Organic matter (g/kg)	20~80
Hydrolyzable nitrogen (mg/kg)	40~200

From the nutrient content comparing result of planting matrix and soil it is found that the nutrient grade of planting matrix meets green soil Nutrient standard has the nutrient condition of long-term cropping.

Embodiment 5

Flowerpot experiment: taking the planting matrix of several pieces different ratio to be packed into flowerpot respectively, and greening is transplanted in flowerpot Plant is cultivated 60 days, and the growing state of plant is recorded.

It takes several pieces green soil to be packed into flowerpot respectively, is transplanted green plants culture 60 days in flowerpot, record is planted The growing state of object.

By the result of flowerpot experiment it is found that plant can survive and grow in planting matrix, plant is in planting matrix Growing state and the growing state difference in green soil are little.

Device model used in the composition detection being related in specification:

The foregoing is merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, is not intended to limit the invention, all in essence of the invention Within mind and principle, any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and so on be should all be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. a kind of planting matrix instead of soil, it is characterised in that: by weight percentage, including following components: 50% -60% Part alkaline residue, 10%-15% parts of stalks, 5%-10% parts of flyash, 5%-15% parts of humic acid, 1%-5% parts of fulvic acids, 1%- 5% part of acid-sludge, 1%-15% parts of fowl and animal excrements, 0.1%-0.5% parts of urea, 0.1%-0.5% parts of calcium dihydrogen phosphates, 0.0%- 0.5% part of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 0.1%-0.5% parts of boraxs, 0.1%-0.5% parts of zinc sulfate, 0.1%-0.5% parts of ammonium molybdates, 0.1%-0.5% parts of manganese sulfates, 0.5%-1.0% parts of ferrous sulfate, 0.1%-1.0% parts of copper sulphate, the above components substance The sum of weight percent be 100%.

2. a kind of preparation method of planting matrix instead of soil according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: preparation method Including following key step:

Step 1) elutes alkaline residue with water, is then carried out dehydrating alkaline residue；

Flyash is added into alkaline residue for step 2), after alkaline residue and flyash are uniformly mixed, carries out sunning processing；

Humic acid, fulvic acid and acetic acid is added in step 3)；

Stalk and fowl and animal excrement is added in step 4)；

Acid phosphate fertilizer, potash fertilizer and urea is added in step 5)；

Step 6) mixes leaf mold, after spraying to the mixture after blending, cultivates several days；

Borax, zinc sulfate, ammonium molybdate, manganese sulfate, ferrous sulfate and copper sulphate is added in step 7).

3. a kind of preparation method of planting matrix instead of soil according to claim 2, it is characterised in that: step 1) warp Soluble-salt is down to 0.3% or less in alkaline residue after elution.

4. a kind of preparation method of planting matrix instead of soil according to claim 2, it is characterised in that: step 2) warp Alkaline residue moisture content after sunning is 30%-40%.

5. a kind of preparation method of planting matrix instead of soil according to claim 2, it is characterised in that: step 3) will The Alkali Waste pH Value that acid phosphate fertilizer, potash fertilizer and urea is added is stablized between 8.5-8.8.

6. a kind of preparation method of planting matrix instead of soil according to claim 2, it is characterised in that: step 4) will Stalk and fowl and animal excrement carry out fermentation process in advance, and fermentation time is 2-3 hours, and fermentation temperature is 55 DEG C -60 DEG C.

7. a kind of preparation method of planting matrix instead of soil according to claim 2, it is characterised in that: step 6) is mixed Object water content is closed between 30%-40%, in the environment of 20 DEG C -40 DEG C, is cultivated 15 days.