CN110241781B - Comprehensive treatment method for urban inland river ecology and embankment landscape - Google Patents
Comprehensive treatment method for urban inland river ecology and embankment landscape Download PDFInfo
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- CN110241781B CN110241781B CN201910571680.5A CN201910571680A CN110241781B CN 110241781 B CN110241781 B CN 110241781B CN 201910571680 A CN201910571680 A CN 201910571680A CN 110241781 B CN110241781 B CN 110241781B
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B79/00—Methods for working soil
- A01B79/02—Methods for working soil combined with other agricultural processing, e.g. fertilising, planting
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
- E02B3/00—Engineering works in connection with control or use of streams, rivers, coasts, or other marine sites; Sealings or joints for engineering works in general
- E02B3/04—Structures or apparatus for, or methods of, protecting banks, coasts, or harbours
- E02B3/10—Dams; Dykes; Sluice ways or other structures for dykes, dams, or the like
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
- E02B3/00—Engineering works in connection with control or use of streams, rivers, coasts, or other marine sites; Sealings or joints for engineering works in general
- E02B3/04—Structures or apparatus for, or methods of, protecting banks, coasts, or harbours
- E02B3/12—Revetment of banks, dams, watercourses, or the like, e.g. the sea-floor
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
- E02B7/00—Barrages or weirs; Layout, construction, methods of, or devices for, making same
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
- E02B8/00—Details of barrages or weirs ; Energy dissipating devices carried by lock or dry-dock gates
- E02B8/06—Spillways; Devices for dissipation of energy, e.g. for reducing eddies also for lock or dry-dock gates
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
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- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A10/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE at coastal zones; at river basins
- Y02A10/30—Flood prevention; Flood or storm water management, e.g. using flood barriers
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
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Abstract
The invention discloses a comprehensive treatment method for urban inland river ecology and embankment landscape, relating to the technical field of inland river ecology treatment and comprising the following steps: the hydraulic lifting dam is arranged on a river channel, the stilling pool, the surface flow wetland, the ecological gabion revetment, the two bank revetment, the ecological greenbelt and landscape greening, a greening irrigation pipe network, a field control device, a remote monitoring control system and auxiliary facilities. The invention has the beneficial effects that: the ecological environment is improved in the regional ecological environment and the quality of the water ecological environment is improved, the operation cost is low, the ecological environment effect is obvious, the aim of maintaining ecological balance is achieved, the ecological current situation of inland rivers in northwest alpine regions can be effectively improved, the coverage proportion of urban green land is improved, ecological virtuous circle is formed, ecological continuous stability is kept, and the quality of the whole urban environment is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of inland river ecological management, in particular to a comprehensive management method for urban inland river ecology and embankment landscape.
Background
In recent years, ecological forest cities are built nationwide, the treatment of inland river water pollution and the ecological and landscape construction of high and cold cities are placed in the central position, and as the tourism industry is rapidly developed, tourism gradually becomes the mainstream of economic development of the high and cold cities; however, due to poor management, original infrastructure in the river channel is seriously damaged, the functions of regulating water quantity, flow rate and the like are lost, and the revetment along the bank is seriously damaged or even completely damaged; production and domestic sewage are not completely brought into a drainage pipe network along the way, and industrial enterprises and sewage treatment plants do not have the phenomenon of sewage stealing and discharging which do not reach the standard after treatment; the river water has high sand content, the flow velocity of local water areas is too slow, the river water is accumulated to form river overflow, meanwhile, the river water has stagnation phenomena in the open water and the dry water periods, and the current situation of water quality is extremely poor due to eutrophication, dirty odor and dirty water; the current situation that the quality of water of rivers in cities is poor needs to be thoroughly changed, the comprehensive treatment of urban inland rivers is quickened, and scientific and reasonable ecological treatment measures are adopted, so that the urban inland rivers have continuous self-cleaning capability, and the ecological continuity and stability are kept.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a comprehensive treatment method for landscaping of the ecological environment of an inland river in a high and cold city and two sides of a bank. The river course is regulated, the effective gradient and runoff of the river bed are regulated, the landscape of an ecological embankment and an embankment is built, the organic combination of river water ecology and garden greening is realized, and the good ecological symbiosis win-win.
The invention provides a comprehensive treatment method for urban inland river ecology and bank garden landscape, which comprises the following steps: the hydraulic lifting dam is arranged on a river channel, the stilling pool, the surface flow wetland, the ecological gabion revetment, the two bank revetment, the ecological greenbelt and landscape greening, a greening irrigation pipe network, a field control device, a remote monitoring control system and auxiliary facilities.
Arranging a hydraulic lifting dam on a river channel at intervals of 1-1.5Km, wherein each hydraulic lifting dam consists of 5-10 hydraulic dams, the width of each hydraulic dam is 3-5m, the total width of each hydraulic lifting dam is 25-30m, the height of each hydraulic lifting dam is 2.5-4m when the hydraulic lifting dam is lifted, and the height of each hydraulic lifting dam is 0.3-0.4m when the hydraulic lifting dam is lowered; each hydraulic lifting dam is adjacently provided with a stilling pool in the downstream direction, the depth of the stilling pool is 0.4-0.6m, the width of the stilling pool is 25-30m, and the length of the stilling pool is 4-6 m; the shock-proof net for the gabion is adjacent to the stilling pool, the width of the gabion shock-proof net is 25-30m, the length of the gabion shock-proof net is 4-6m, and the stilling pool is of a reinforced concrete structure.
The surface flow wetland is a stereoscopic cross distribution wetland formed by submerged plants, emergent plants and floating plants on the water surface which are planted in a staggered manner in a river channel, and the area of the surface flow wetland area is 25-33% of the area of a water area.
The gabion revetment adopts a gabion net filled with irregular stones with the diameter of 15-30cm, and gaps of the gabion revetment above the water level are filled with humus soil to plant terrestrial plants.
The greening irrigation pipe network comprises a plurality of groups of lift pumps and a tap water pipe network, wherein the lift pumps take water from a digestion tank.
The field control device comprises: on-spot electric cabinet, the on-spot electric cabinet of elevator pump of concentrating of hydraulic pressure lift dam, remote monitoring control system include: the computer is used for remotely monitoring and controlling the alarm system; the hydraulic lifting dam field centralized electric control box and the lifting pump field electric control box are connected with a computer and a remote monitoring and control alarm system through a network.
The remote monitoring and controlling system comprises the following monitoring and controlling contents: the hydraulic lifting dam is automatically controlled to be started and stopped according to the river flow speed, the flow and the water level, and a lifting pump is controlled to be switched on and off according to the irrigation requirement; and performing sound and light alarm when the hydraulic lifting dam and the lifting pump are in operation failure.
The comprehensive treatment method of urban inland river ecology and embankment landscape comprises the following steps:
s01, clearing the river bed, and reducing the gradient of the river bed by 7-10 per mill from top to bottom through dredging and leveling the river bed, wherein the average dredging and leveling depth is 20-40cm, so that the river flood caused by silt is eliminated, and the river water is smooth;
s02, building a gabion revetment, filling irregular stones into the gabion net, filling humus in gaps of the gabion revetment above the water level, and planting terrestrial plants;
s03, constructing hydraulic lifting dams and stilling ponds, arranging the hydraulic lifting dams on a river channel at intervals of 1-1.5Km, wherein each hydraulic lifting dam consists of 5-10 hydraulic dams, the width of each hydraulic dam is 3-5m, the total width of each hydraulic lifting dam is 25-30m, the height of each hydraulic lifting dam is 2.5-4m when the hydraulic lifting dam is lifted, and the height of each hydraulic lifting dam is 0.3-0.4m when the hydraulic lifting dam is lowered; each hydraulic lifting dam is adjacently provided with a stilling pool in the downstream direction, the depth of the stilling pool is 0.4-0.6m, the width of the stilling pool is 25-30m, and the length of the stilling pool is 4-6 m; the digestion tank is made of concrete, and the width of the gabion scour prevention net is 25-30m, the length of the gabion scour prevention net is 4-6 m.
S04, constructing a surface flow wetland, planting submerged plants, emergent plants and floating plants on the water surface in a staggered manner in a river channel to form a stereoscopic cross-distributed wetland, wherein the area of the surface flow wetland is 25% -33% of the area of a water area;
s05, constructing a greening irrigation pipe network, constructing a lifting pump station and a tap water pipe network, and taking water from a digestion tank by the lifting pump;
s06, constructing two banks for dike protection and landscape greening on two sides of the dike, constructing a vertical flood bank in a narrow river section, constructing a groove-type green belt on the outer edge of the vertical flood bank, and planting trees, shrubs and lawns.
S07, auxiliary facilities are constructed, rain and sewage are shunted, and domestic sewage drains on two sides of a river channel are uniformly piped and discharged to a sewage treatment plant for treatment; the required power supply is provided by the utility grid.
The submerged plants comprise: herba Swertiae Dilutae, and HEIHAO; the emergent aquatic plants comprise: reed and lotus; the floating plants comprise: water lily, Ezicai and Daboao.
Planting ornamental flowers and plants on the river levee and the gabion revetment: the sunflower, the Holland chrysanthemum, the scarlet sage and the February, the sunflower, the Holland chrysanthemum, the scarlet sage and the February achieve the functions of wind prevention, dam protection and environment beautification.
The landscape planting plants are as follows: salix alba, Salix babylonica, Juniperus chinensis, flos Caryophylli, fructus Rosae Davuricae, folium Ulmi Pumilae, three-in-one grass, Populus microphylla, and Berberis pruinosa.
And (2) building landscape on two sides of the river, planting trees, shrubs, flowers and other green plants, planting one arbor at intervals of 2-3 m, planting different shrubs with the plant height of 1m at intervals of 1.2-1.4 m along two sides of the sidewalk, and arranging landscape stones, leisure seats, pavilions and level platforms at intervals of 50-100 m.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the regional ecological environment is generally improved, the quality of the water ecological environment is improved, the operation cost is low, the ecological environment effect is obvious, the quality of the water quality environment reaches the standard, the regional human landscape is improved, the human living environment is improved, the operation safety coefficient is high, and the labor intensity is low; the method follows the principles of source control and sewage interception, endogenous treatment, ecological restoration and running water circulation, achieves the aim of maintaining ecological balance, and achieves the effects of climate regulation, carbon fixation and oxygen release, water and soil conservation, water source conservation, environment purification, biological diversification protection and the like.
The hydraulic lifting dam can adjust the height of the dam body according to the flow rate, runoff, level, withered, rich water, flood peak flow and water level of a river; the stilling pool has the function of reducing the floating of sediment at the bottom of the river; terrestrial plants are planted on the gabion revetment, irregular stones are combined with humus to plant terrestrial plants, so that ecological greening is realized on the gabion revetment, the growth of the plants is more stable, the soil is not easily washed away by river water, and the amount of river cement sand is reduced; the greening irrigation pipe network combines the water intake of the lift pump stilling pool with the urban tap water pipe network, and the irrigation water for green plants such as wetlands, shores and the like usually comes from river water in the stilling pool under the hydraulic dam, and the urban tap water pipe network can provide irrigation water only when the water demand cannot be met in a dry season.
The surface flow wetland has overlarge area, the whole watershed is provided with aquatic plants along with the growth of the aquatic plants, the design area of the wetland in the scheme is 25-33% of the area of the water area, the area is reasonable, and the consequences of eutrophication water body, local watershed anaerobism and the like which influence the water body ecology along with the excessive propagation and the putrefaction of the aquatic plants can be avoided; the surface flow wetland forms a vertical cross distribution wetland, which not only has the functions of reducing the sediment content of river water and preventing sediment at the bottom layer from floating due to impact, but also can effectively remove various harmful pollutants in the river water, purify the water body to improve the ecological environment, form a benign water ecological balance system, form a purification treatment unit every kilometer, enable the river water to flow in a baffling manner, and sequentially purify the next treatment unit after sequentially purifying water plant groups such as reeds, lotus roots, big floats and the like, and finally realize the integral purification of the water quality.
The surface flow wetland has important ecological service functions of water source conservation, environmental purification, climate regulation, biological diversity protection, education science popularization and the like; on one hand, the toxic substances can be degraded and converted, and local and downstream areas can benefit; on the other hand, the nutrient content and pollutants in soil and water can be absorbed, fixed and transformed, and the water body is purified. Meanwhile, the air humidity of surrounding areas can be improved, soil moisture loss is reduced, rainfall can be induced, and the surface and underground water resources are increased. The microclimate of the region in the city is adjusted, the natural environment is optimized, and the method is very beneficial to reducing natural disasters such as sand wind, drought and the like;
the green land coverage rate of the severe cold regions in northwest is low, the ecological green land of the two banks for embankment protection, landscape greening and surface flow wetland increase the green plant coverage area, absorb carbon dioxide and release oxygen to improve the regional environmental quality and improve the ecological environment, about 15 grams of oxygen can be released every square meter of green land every day, about 20 grams of carbon dioxide is absorbed to form the virtuous circle of ecology, the ecological continuity and stability are maintained, and the overall environmental quality of the city is improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a top view of a waterway according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a hydraulic lifting dam and stilling pool arrangement;
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the surface flow wetland of the river channel of the invention;
in the figure: 1. hydraulic lifting dam, 2, stilling basin, 3, gabion scour protection net, 4, gabion bank protection, 5, surface flow wetland.
Detailed Description
In a water area of 39 ten thousand square meters, 13 ten thousand square meters of surface flow wetland is built, submerged plants of eel grass and hydrilla verticillata, emergent plants of reed and lotus, floating plants of water lily, gynura bicolor and big float are planted, the ecological balance of the wetland is maintained, a three-dimensional staggered distributed wetland landscape is formed, various pollutants in river water are effectively eliminated, the surface flow wetland has good purification capacity, 50 percent of BOD and COD are degraded in a distance range of 5m of inlet water, 90 percent of SS and silt are settled in 10m of inlet water, the removal rate of N and P is more than 60 percent and 40 percent, and the maintenance and management of the outlet water purification process are simple and convenient; river water is purified by water plant groups such as reeds, lotus flowers, lotus roots and large floats in sequence in a baffling flowing mode, then is sequentially treated by the next treatment unit, and after passing through 13 serial purification treatment units, the quality of outlet water reaches the IV-class water quality standard from the inferior V.
The gabion revetment adopts a gabion net filled with irregular stones with the diameter of 15-30cm, gaps of the gabion revetment above the water level are filled with humus soil, and terrestrial plants are planted.
The greening irrigation pipe network comprises a plurality of groups of lift pumps and a tap water pipe network, wherein the lift pumps take water from a digestion tank.
The field control device comprises: on-spot electric cabinet, the on-spot electric cabinet of elevator pump of concentrating of hydraulic pressure lift dam, remote monitoring control system include: the computer is used for remotely monitoring and controlling the alarm system; the hydraulic lifting dam field centralized electric control box and the lifting pump field electric control box are connected with a computer and a remote monitoring and control alarm system through a network.
The remote monitoring and controlling system comprises the following monitoring and controlling contents: the hydraulic lifting dam is automatically controlled to be started and stopped according to the river flow speed, the flow and the water level, and a lifting pump is controlled to be switched on and off according to the irrigation requirement; and performing sound and light alarm when the hydraulic lifting dam and the lifting pump are in operation failure.
In the case of the example 2, the following examples are given,
a comprehensive treatment method for urban inland river ecology and embankment landscape,
s01, clearing the river bed, and reducing the gradient of the river bed by 7-10 per mill from top to bottom and the average dredging and leveling depth is 30cm through dredging and leveling the river bed, so that the river flood caused by silt is eliminated and the river is smooth; the quality of the river water is improved, and the generation source of anaerobic bacteria, the occurrence probability of water eutrophication and the retention probability of the river water are reduced;
s02, building a gabion revetment, filling irregular stones into the gabion net, filling humus in gaps of the gabion revetment above the water level, and planting terrestrial plants;
s03, constructing hydraulic lifting dams and stilling ponds, arranging one hydraulic lifting dam on a river channel at intervals of 1Km, wherein each hydraulic lifting dam consists of 6 hydraulic dams, each hydraulic dam is 5m in width, the total width of each hydraulic lifting dam is 30m, the height of each hydraulic lifting dam is 4m when the hydraulic lifting dam is lifted, and the height of each hydraulic lifting dam is 0.4m when the hydraulic lifting dam is lowered; each hydraulic lifting dam is adjacently provided with a stilling pool in the downstream direction, the depth of the stilling pool is 0.6m, the width of the stilling pool is 30m, and the length of the stilling pool is 6 m; the digestion tank is adjacent to the gabion scour prevention net, the width of the gabion scour prevention net is 30m, the length of the gabion scour prevention net is 6m, and the digestion tank is made of concrete;
s04, constructing a surface flow wetland, planting submerged plants, emergent plants and floating plants on the water surface in a staggered manner in a river channel to form a stereoscopic cross-distributed wetland, wherein the area of the surface flow wetland is 33% of the area of a water area;
s05, constructing a greening irrigation pipe network, constructing a lifting pump station and a tap water pipe network, and taking water from a digestion tank by the lifting pump;
s06, constructing two banks for dike protection and landscaping on two sides of the dike, preventing water and soil loss and improving the greening effect of the dike; building a vertical flood bank in a section of a narrow river, building a groove-type green belt on the outer edge of the vertical flood bank, and planting trees, shrubs and lawns;
s07, auxiliary facilities are constructed, rain and sewage are shunted, and domestic sewage drains on two sides of a river channel are uniformly piped and discharged to a sewage treatment plant for treatment; the required power supply is provided by the utility grid.
Claims (1)
1. The comprehensive treatment method for urban inland river ecology and embankment landscape is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps: the system comprises a hydraulic lifting dam arranged on a river channel, a stilling pool, a surface flow wetland, an ecological gabion revetment, a two-bank revetment, ecological greenbelts and landscape greening, a greening irrigation pipe network, a field control device, a remote monitoring control system and auxiliary facilities;
the treatment method comprises the following steps:
s01, clearing the river bed, and reducing the gradient of the river bed by 7-10 per mill from top to bottom through dredging and leveling the river bed, wherein the average dredging and leveling depth is 20-40cm, so that the river flood caused by silt is eliminated, and the river water is smooth; s02, building a gabion revetment, filling irregular stones into the gabion net, filling humus in gaps of the gabion revetment above the water level, and planting terrestrial plants; the gabion revetment adopts a gabion net filled with irregular stones with the diameter of 15-30 cm;
s03, constructing hydraulic lifting dams and stilling ponds, arranging the hydraulic lifting dams on a river channel at intervals of 1-1.5Km, wherein each hydraulic lifting dam consists of 5-10 hydraulic dams, the width of each hydraulic dam is 3-5m, the total width of each hydraulic lifting dam is 25-30m, the height of each hydraulic lifting dam is 2.5-4m when the hydraulic lifting dam is lifted, and the height of each hydraulic lifting dam is 0.3-0.4m when the hydraulic lifting dam is lowered; each hydraulic lifting dam is adjacently provided with a stilling pool in the downstream direction, the depth of the stilling pool is 0.4-0.6m, the width of the stilling pool is 25-30m, and the length of the stilling pool is 4-6 m; the digestion tank is made of concrete, and the width of the gabion scour prevention net is 25-30m, the length of the gabion scour prevention net is 4-6 m;
s04, constructing a surface flow wetland, planting submerged plants, emergent plants and floating plants on the water surface in a staggered manner in a river channel to form a stereo cross-distributed wetland, wherein the area of the surface flow wetland is 25% -33% of the area of a water area, a purification treatment unit is formed per kilometer, and river water sequentially passes through reeds, lotus flowers, lotus roots and large floating plant groups in a baffling flow manner to be purified and then sequentially enters the next treatment unit;
s05, constructing a greening irrigation pipe network, constructing a lifting pump station and a tap water pipe network, and taking water from a digestion tank by the lifting pump;
s06, constructing two banks for dike protection and landscape greening at two sides of the dike, constructing a vertical flood bank at a river section with a narrow river section, constructing a groove-type green belt on the outer edge of the vertical flood bank, and planting trees, shrubs and lawns;
s07, auxiliary facilities are constructed, rain and sewage are shunted, and domestic sewage drains on two sides of a river channel are uniformly piped and discharged to a sewage treatment plant for treatment; the required power supply is provided by a commercial power grid;
the surface flow wetland is a stereoscopic cross distribution wetland formed by submerged plants, emergent plants and floating plants on the water surface which are planted in a river channel in a staggered manner, and the area of the surface flow wetland area is 25-33% of the area of a water area;
the field control device comprises: on-spot electric cabinet, the on-spot electric cabinet of elevator pump of concentrating of hydraulic pressure lift dam, remote monitoring control system include: the computer is used for remotely monitoring and controlling the alarm system; the hydraulic lifting dam field centralized electric control box and the lifting pump field electric control box are connected with a computer and a remote monitoring and control alarm system through a network;
the remote monitoring and controlling system comprises the following monitoring and controlling contents: the hydraulic lifting dam is automatically controlled to be started and stopped according to the river flow speed, the flow and the water level, and a lifting pump is controlled to be switched on and off according to the irrigation requirement; and performing sound and light alarm when the hydraulic lifting dam and the lifting pump are in operation failure.
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