CN110241278A - A kind of hearth structure and its design method - Google Patents

A kind of hearth structure and its design method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN110241278A
CN110241278A CN201910532544.5A CN201910532544A CN110241278A CN 110241278 A CN110241278 A CN 110241278A CN 201910532544 A CN201910532544 A CN 201910532544A CN 110241278 A CN110241278 A CN 110241278A
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Prior art keywords
carbon brick
layer
brick
carbon
ring
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许俊
印民
邹忠平
赵运建
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CISDI Engineering Co Ltd
CISDI Technology Research Center Co Ltd
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CISDI Engineering Co Ltd
CISDI Technology Research Center Co Ltd
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Priority to CN201910532544.5A priority Critical patent/CN110241278A/en
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21BMANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
    • C21B7/00Blast furnaces
    • C21B7/04Blast furnaces with special refractories
    • C21B7/06Linings for furnaces
    • GPHYSICS
    • G06COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06FELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F30/00Computer-aided design [CAD]
    • G06F30/20Design optimisation, verification or simulation
    • GPHYSICS
    • G06COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06FELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F2119/00Details relating to the type or aim of the analysis or the optimisation
    • G06F2119/08Thermal analysis or thermal optimisation

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
  • Evolutionary Computation (AREA)
  • Geometry (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Furnace Housings, Linings, Walls, And Ceilings (AREA)

Abstract

The invention belongs to blast furnace ironmaking fields, it is related to a kind of hearth structure and its design method, including furnace shell, the iron mouth on cupola well is set, the ring carbon brick layer being layed in below iron mouth, the ring carbon brick layer edge are successively equipped with a ring ceramics brick layer, a ring undercloak towards the direction in furnace;The one ring carbon brick layer two sides are equipped with respectively smashes material, and the boundary seam of the ring ceramics brick layer and a ring carbon brick layer is vertical seam;The present invention, which passes through, determines ladle heel layer depth;Determine that resistance to material is carbon brick and Ceramic Tiles in a certain range under iron mouth, the resistance to material in non-ferric mouth region is carbon brick, and theoretical calculation determines carbon brick thickness;It determines that Ceramic Tiles and carbon brick have a common boundary seam for vertical seam, calculates and determine boundary slit width degree.The present invention can resist the erosion of molten iron, and protection carbon brick works at a lower temperature, can realize that cupola well is long-lived with less investment.

Description

A kind of hearth structure and its design method
Technical field
The invention belongs to blast furnace ironmaking field, it is related to a kind of hearth structure and its design method.
Background technique
Prolonging campaign is the important goal that blast furnace ironmaking is pursued, but some years recently, and part blast furnace opening is soon The too fast erosion of the higher resistance to material in especially iron mouth region domain of temperature of the furnace hearth leads to the raised event of temperature of the furnace hearth frequent occurrence, seriously Blast furnace is threatened normally to produce and long-lived target.
Summary of the invention
In view of this, being cooperated the purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of hearth structure and its design method using Ceramic Tiles Carbon brick structure saves cupola well investment, improves the cupola well service life.
In order to achieve the above objectives, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
The iron mouth on cupola well is arranged in a kind of hearth structure, including furnace shell, the ring carbon brick layer being layed in below iron mouth, The one ring carbon brick layer edge is successively equipped with a ring ceramics brick layer, a ring undercloak towards the direction in furnace;One ring carbon Brick layer two sides are equipped with respectively smashes material, and the boundary seam of the ring ceramics brick layer and a ring carbon brick layer is vertical seam.
Optionally, iron mouth center line is ladle heel layer depth h0 at a distance from refractory furnace bottom top surface, and cupola well diameter is d, when When 0.285*d > 2.5m, h0=2.5m;As 0.285*d≤2.5m, h0≤0.285*d.
Optionally, the Ceramic Tiles position lower than iron mouth absolute altitude and is laid with to the ceramic brick layer of furnace bottom second.
Optionally, the ring carbon brick layer is equipped with several layers, the mathematical expression of thickness L are as follows:
Q=hm* (Tm-T);
Wherein, q is the heat flow density of bosh gas index outflow, and hm is the coefficient of heat transfer of molten iron and solidifying iron layer (or brick fuel), and T is Carbon brick hot-face temperature, Tm are molten iron temperature;Tw is cooling water temperature;Hw comprehensive heat exchange system between cooling wall ontology and cooling water Number;A is specific surface area;L1 be the hot identity distance of cooling wall centre of conduit line-spacing cooling wall from;K1 is cooling wall thermal coefficient;L2 is carbon Smash the thickness of material;K2 is the thermal coefficient that carbon smashes material;L is the thickness of carbon brick layer;K is the thermal coefficient of carbon brick.
A kind of design method of cupola well, comprising the following steps: determine ladle heel layer depth, determine it is resistance in a certain range under iron mouth Material is carbon brick and Ceramic Tiles, and the resistance to material in non-ferric mouth region is carbon brick, determines Ceramic Tiles and carbon brick boundary seam as vertical seam, calculating, which determines, hands over Boundary's slit width degree calculates and determines carbon brick thickness.
Optionally, ladle heel layer depth is h0, and cupola well diameter is d, when 0.285*d > 2.5m, h0=2.5m;0.285*d≤ When 2.5m, h0≤0.285*d.
Optionally, have a common boundary seam width be H, the mathematical expression of H are as follows:
H=m* αPottery*tPottery/ γ,
Wherein, m is carbon brick thickness, αPotteryFor the thermal expansion coefficient of Ceramic Tiles;tPotteryFor the maximum temperature of Ceramic Tiles, iron can be taken Coolant-temperature gage;γIt smashesThe compress of material is smash for carbon.
Optionally, the mathematical expression of carbon brick thickness L are as follows:
Wherein, q is the heat flow density of bosh gas index outflow, and hm is the coefficient of heat transfer of molten iron and solidifying iron layer (or brick fuel), and T is Carbon brick hot-face temperature, Tm are molten iron temperature;Tw is cooling water temperature;Hw comprehensive heat exchange system between cooling wall ontology and cooling water Number;A is specific surface area;L1 be the hot identity distance of cooling wall centre of conduit line-spacing cooling wall from;K1 is cooling wall thermal coefficient;L2 is carbon Smash the thickness of material;K2 is the thermal coefficient that carbon smashes material;L is the thickness of carbon brick;K is the thermal coefficient of carbon brick.
Optionally, the design method is applied to above-mentioned hearth structure.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are:
The present invention is laid with a certain range of ring ceramics brick layer near iron mouth, utilizes Ceramic Tiles anti-hot metal erosion energy Good, the feature of heating conduction difference can resist the erosion of molten iron, protect simultaneously in the case where the blow-on initial stage working of a furnace fluctuates frequent situation A ring carbon brick layer is protected to work at a lower temperature.One ring ceramics brick layer laying work area is that Investigation on damage statistics corrodes serious area The setting in domain, the seam that has a common boundary between a ring ceramics brick layer and a ring carbon brick layer can reduce shadow of the thermal expansion to carbon brick of Ceramic Tiles It rings.
The invention proposes the calculation method to carbon brick optimal design thickness, consider to use as a servant the middle and later periods in furnace, ceramic brick layer is de- Fall behind, the hot face of carbon brick is capable of forming self-insurance sheath;The structure uses carbon brick structure in non-ferric mouth region, Ceramic Tiles is not used, than whole Body ceramic cup cupola well saves investment.
Other advantages, target and feature of the invention will be illustrated in the following description to a certain extent, and And to a certain extent, based on will be apparent to those skilled in the art to investigating hereafter, Huo Zheke To be instructed from the practice of the present invention.Target of the invention and other advantages can be realized by following specification and It obtains.
Detailed description of the invention
To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention clearer, the present invention is made below in conjunction with attached drawing excellent The detailed description of choosing, in which:
Fig. 1 is overall structure diagram of the invention;
Fig. 2 is hot system composition schematic diagram of the invention;
Fig. 3 is the design diagram of specific embodiment.
Specific embodiment
Illustrate embodiments of the present invention below by way of specific specific example, those skilled in the art can be by this specification Other advantages and efficacy of the present invention can be easily understood for disclosed content.The present invention can also pass through in addition different specific realities The mode of applying is embodied or practiced, the various details in this specification can also based on different viewpoints and application, without departing from Various modifications or alterations are carried out under spirit of the invention.It should be noted that diagram provided in following embodiment is only to show Meaning mode illustrates basic conception of the invention, and in the absence of conflict, the feature in following embodiment and embodiment can phase Mutually combination.
Wherein, the drawings are for illustrative purposes only and are merely schematic diagrams, rather than pictorial diagram, should not be understood as to this The limitation of invention;Embodiment in order to better illustrate the present invention, the certain components of attached drawing have omission, zoom in or out, not Represent the size of actual product;It will be understood by those skilled in the art that certain known features and its explanation may be omitted and be in attached drawing It is understood that.
The same or similar label correspond to the same or similar components in the attached drawing of the embodiment of the present invention;It is retouched in of the invention In stating, it is to be understood that if there is the orientation or positional relationship of the instructions such as term " on ", "lower", "left", "right", "front", "rear" To be based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, be merely for convenience of description of the present invention and simplification of the description, rather than indicate or It implies that signified device or element must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, therefore is described in attached drawing The term of positional relationship only for illustration, is not considered as limiting the invention, for the ordinary skill of this field For personnel, the concrete meaning of above-mentioned term can be understood as the case may be.
Fig. 1-Fig. 3 is please referred to, the element numbers in attached drawing respectively indicate: second layer ceramic blanket 1, bottom brick cob brick, cupola well Undercloak 3, smashes material 5, a ring carbon brick layer 6 at ceramic brick layer 4.
The present invention relates to a kind of hearth structure, including furnace shell, the iron mouth on cupola well, one be layed in below iron mouth are set Ring carbon brick layer 6, the ring carbon brick layer 6 are successively equipped with ceramic brick layer 4, cupola well undercloak 3 along towards the direction in furnace shell; One ring carbon brick layer, 6 two sides are equipped with respectively smashes material 5, and the boundary seam of the ceramics brick layer 4 and a ring carbon brick layer 6 is vertical Seam;Optionally, iron mouth center line and furnace shell distance from bottom are ladle heel layer depth h0, and cupola well diameter is d, when 0.285*d > 2.5m, H0=2.5m;When 0.285*d≤2.5m, h0≤0.285*d;The Ceramic Tiles position is lower than iron mouth absolute altitude and is laid with to furnace bottom the Two layers of ceramic blanket 4;The second carbon brick layer is equipped with several layers, the mathematical expression of thickness L are as follows:
Q=hm* (Tm-T);
Wherein, q is the heat flow density of bosh gas index outflow, and hm is the coefficient of heat transfer of molten iron and solidifying iron layer (or brick fuel), and T is Carbon brick hot-face temperature, Tm are molten iron temperature;Tw is cooling water temperature;Hw comprehensive heat exchange system between cooling wall ontology and cooling water Number;A is specific surface area;L1 be the hot identity distance of cooling wall centre of conduit line-spacing cooling wall from;K1 is cooling wall thermal coefficient;L2 is carbon Smash the thickness of material;K2 is the thermal coefficient that carbon smashes material;L is the thickness of carbon brick layer;K is the thermal coefficient of carbon brick layer.
The invention further relates to a kind of design methods of cupola well, comprising the following steps: determines ladle heel layer depth, determines under iron mouth Resistance to material is carbon brick and Ceramic Tiles in a certain range, and the resistance to material in non-ferric mouth region is carbon brick, determines that Ceramic Tiles and carbon brick boundary seam are vertical Seam calculates and determines boundary slit width degree, calculates and determines carbon brick thickness.
Ladle heel layer depth is h0, and cupola well diameter is d, when 0.285*d > 2.5m, h0=2.5m;When 0.285*d≤2.5m, h0≤0.285*d.The width stitched that has a common boundary is H, the mathematical expression of H are as follows:
H=m* αPottery*tPottery/ γ,
Wherein, m is carbon brick thickness;αPotteryFor the thermal expansion coefficient of Ceramic Tiles;tPotteryFor the maximum temperature of Ceramic Tiles, iron can be taken Coolant-temperature gage;γIt smashesThe compress of material is smash for carbon.
The mathematical expression of carbon brick thickness L are as follows:
Q=hm* (Tm-T);
Wherein, q is the heat flow density of bosh gas index outflow, and hm is the coefficient of heat transfer of molten iron and solidifying iron layer (or brick fuel), and T is Carbon brick hot-face temperature, Tm are molten iron temperature;Tw is cooling water temperature;Hw comprehensive heat exchange system between cooling wall ontology and cooling water Number;A is specific surface area;L1 be the hot identity distance of cooling wall centre of conduit line-spacing cooling wall from;K1 is cooling wall thermal coefficient;L2 is carbon Smash the thickness of material;K2 is the thermal coefficient that carbon smashes material;L is the thickness of carbon brick;K is the thermal coefficient of carbon brick.
A specific embodiment of the invention is given below.
Certain 4000m3 grades of blast furnace crucibe diameter d=14.2m, molten iron is h to the bosh gas index coefficient of heat transfer under nominal situationm= 39w/m2DEG C, molten iron temperature Tm=1500 DEG C, Ceramic Tiles thermalexpansioncoefficientαPottery=0.000008m/m. DEG C, Ceramic Tiles huyashi-chuuka (cold chinese-style noodles) ramming The compression ratio γ of materialIt smashes=0.15, K=21w/m. DEG C of carbon brick thermal coefficient, carbon smashes K2=12w/m. DEG C of thermal coefficient of material, and carbon smashes material Thickness L2=0.08m, the hot identity distance of cooling wall centre of conduit line-spacing cooling wall is from L1=0.16/2=0.08m, cooling wall thermal coefficient For K1=39w/m. DEG C, cooling wall specific surface area a=0.9, integrated heat transfer coefficient h of the cooling water to cooling wallw=275w/m2. DEG C, cooling water temperature Tw=35 DEG C
1) ladle heel layer depth h0 is determined.
0.285*d=0.285*14.2=4.047m > 2.5m, takes h0=2.5m.
2) the resistance to material of cupola well configures, under iron mouth center line within the scope of 500mm-2500mm, circumferentially away from iron mouth center line 2000mm Setting Ceramic Tiles and carbon brick in range.
3) Ceramic Tiles with a thickness of m=690mm, boundary seams meter.
H=0.69*0.000008*1500/0.15=0.055 takes 60mm.
4) carbon brick thickness at 1.5m is determined under cupola well iron mouth absolute altitude.
I calculates cupola well when carbon brick hot-face temperature is 1150 and spreads out of hot-fluid q.
Q=39* (1500-1150)=13650w/m2
Hot-fluid q is substituted into carbon brick thickness equations by II, it may be assumed that
Carbon brick thickness L=1450mm is solved,
5) according to information above, determine that cupola well carbon brick configures.
The present invention is laid with a certain range of first ceramic brick layer 4 near iron mouth, utilizes Ceramic Tiles anti-hot metal erosion energy Good, the feature of heating conduction difference can resist the erosion of molten iron, protect simultaneously in the case where the blow-on initial stage working of a furnace fluctuates frequent situation A ring carbon brick layer 6 is protected to work at a lower temperature.Ceramic 4 laying work area of brick layer is that Investigation on damage statistics corrodes serious region, The setting stitched of having a common boundary between ceramic brick layer 4 and a ring carbon brick layer 6 can reduce influence of the thermal expansion to carbon brick of Ceramic Tiles.
The invention proposes the calculation method to carbon brick optimal design thickness, consider to use as a servant the middle and later periods in furnace, ceramic brick layer 4 with Second layer ceramic blanket 1 falls off, and the hot face of carbon brick is capable of forming self-insurance sheath, which uses carbon brick structure in non-ferric mouth region, does not adopt With Ceramic Tiles, investment is saved than bulk ceramics cup cupola well.
Finally, it is stated that the above examples are only used to illustrate the technical scheme of the present invention and are not limiting, although referring to compared with Good embodiment describes the invention in detail, those skilled in the art should understand that, it can be to skill of the invention Art scheme is modified or replaced equivalently, and without departing from the objective and range of the technical program, should all be covered in the present invention Scope of the claims in.

Claims (9)

1. a kind of hearth structure, it is characterised in that: including furnace shell, the iron mouth on cupola well, one be layed in below iron mouth is arranged in Ring carbon brick layer, the ring carbon brick layer are successively equipped with certain thickness ceramic brick layer, a ring clay along towards the direction in furnace Brick layer;The one ring carbon brick layer two sides are equipped with respectively smashes material, and the boundary seam of the ring ceramics brick layer and a ring carbon brick layer is Vertical seam.
2. hearth structure as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: iron mouth center line is at a distance from furnace bottom ceramic blanket top surface For ladle heel layer depth h0, cupola well diameter is d, as 0.285*d > 2.5m, h0=2.5m;As 0.285*d≤2.5m, h0≤ 0.285*d。
3. hearth structure as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: the Ceramic Tiles position is lower than iron mouth absolute altitude and laying To furnace bottom second layer ceramics brick layer.
4. hearth structure as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: the ring carbon brick layer is equipped with several layers, thickness L Mathematical expression are as follows:
Q=hm* (Tm-T);
Wherein, q is the heat flow density of bosh gas index outflow, and hm is the coefficient of heat transfer of molten iron and solidifying iron layer or brick fuel, and T is carbon brick heat Face temperature, Tm are molten iron temperature;Tw is cooling water temperature;Hw integrated heat transfer coefficient between cooling wall ontology and cooling water;A be than Surface area;L1 be the hot identity distance of cooling wall centre of conduit line-spacing cooling wall from;K1 is cooling wall thermal coefficient;L2 is the thickness that carbon smashes material Degree;K2 is the thermal coefficient that carbon smashes material;L is the thickness of carbon brick layer;K is the thermal coefficient of carbon brick.
5. a kind of design method of cupola well, which comprises the following steps: determine ladle heel layer depth, determine that iron mouth is next Determining resistance to material in range is carbon brick and Ceramic Tiles, and the resistance to material in non-ferric mouth region is carbon brick, determines that Ceramic Tiles have a common boundary to stitch with carbon brick and stitches to be vertical, It calculates and determines boundary slit width degree, calculate and determine carbon brick thickness.
6. the design method of cupola well as described in claim 5, which is characterized in that ladle heel layer depth is h0, and cupola well diameter is D, as 0.285*d > 2.5m, h0=2.5m;As 0.285*d≤2.5m, h0≤0.285*d.
7. the design method of cupola well as described in claim 5, which is characterized in that the width for the seam that has a common boundary is H, the mathematical table of H It reaches are as follows:
H=m* αPottery*tPottery/ γ,
Wherein, m is carbon brick thickness;αPotteryFor the thermal expansion coefficient of Ceramic Tiles;tPotteryFor the maximum temperature of Ceramic Tiles, molten iron temperature can be taken Degree;γIt smashesThe compress of material is smash for carbon.
8. the design method of cupola well as described in claim 5, which is characterized in that the mathematical expression of carbon brick thickness L are as follows:
Q=hm* (Tm-T);
Wherein, q is the heat flow density of bosh gas index outflow, and hm is the coefficient of heat transfer of molten iron and solidifying iron layer or brick fuel, and T is carbon brick heat Face temperature, Tm are molten iron temperature;Tw is cooling water temperature;Hw integrated heat transfer coefficient between cooling wall ontology and cooling water;A be than Surface area;L1 be the hot identity distance of cooling wall centre of conduit line-spacing cooling wall from;K1 is cooling wall thermal coefficient;L2 is the thickness that carbon smashes material Degree;K2 is the thermal coefficient that carbon smashes material;L is the thickness of carbon brick;K is the thermal coefficient of carbon brick.
9. the design method of cupola well as described in claim 5, which is characterized in that this method is applied to such as Claims 1 to 4 Hearth structure described in any one.
CN201910532544.5A 2019-06-19 2019-06-19 A kind of hearth structure and its design method Pending CN110241278A (en)

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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110781566A (en) * 2019-10-21 2020-02-11 中冶赛迪重庆信息技术有限公司 Furnace hearth iron-condensing layer calculation method and system, storage medium and electronic terminal
CN111427388A (en) * 2020-04-16 2020-07-17 中冶赛迪工程技术股份有限公司 Control system and method for iron condensing layer of blast furnace hearth
CN111854668A (en) * 2020-08-25 2020-10-30 中冶赛迪工程技术股份有限公司 Blast furnace lining thickness calculation device and method based on distributed optical fiber temperature measurement

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CN2263655Y (en) * 1996-05-23 1997-10-01 首钢总公司 Blast-furnace hearth furnace bottom lining structure
CN107523659A (en) * 2017-09-12 2017-12-29 宝钢湛江钢铁有限公司 A kind of method that blast furnace cooling stave intensity of cooling is weighed with specific surface area
CN210481419U (en) * 2019-06-19 2020-05-08 中冶赛迪工程技术股份有限公司 Hearth structure

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CN107523659A (en) * 2017-09-12 2017-12-29 宝钢湛江钢铁有限公司 A kind of method that blast furnace cooling stave intensity of cooling is weighed with specific surface area
CN210481419U (en) * 2019-06-19 2020-05-08 中冶赛迪工程技术股份有限公司 Hearth structure

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Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110781566A (en) * 2019-10-21 2020-02-11 中冶赛迪重庆信息技术有限公司 Furnace hearth iron-condensing layer calculation method and system, storage medium and electronic terminal
CN110781566B (en) * 2019-10-21 2023-06-27 中冶赛迪信息技术(重庆)有限公司 Hearth iron solidification layer calculation method, hearth iron solidification layer calculation system, storage medium and electronic terminal
CN111427388A (en) * 2020-04-16 2020-07-17 中冶赛迪工程技术股份有限公司 Control system and method for iron condensing layer of blast furnace hearth
CN111427388B (en) * 2020-04-16 2022-09-23 中冶赛迪工程技术股份有限公司 Control system and method for iron condensing layer of blast furnace hearth
CN111854668A (en) * 2020-08-25 2020-10-30 中冶赛迪工程技术股份有限公司 Blast furnace lining thickness calculation device and method based on distributed optical fiber temperature measurement

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Application publication date: 20190917