CN107523659A - A kind of method that blast furnace cooling stave intensity of cooling is weighed with specific surface area - Google Patents
A kind of method that blast furnace cooling stave intensity of cooling is weighed with specific surface area Download PDFInfo
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- CN107523659A CN107523659A CN201710818626.7A CN201710818626A CN107523659A CN 107523659 A CN107523659 A CN 107523659A CN 201710818626 A CN201710818626 A CN 201710818626A CN 107523659 A CN107523659 A CN 107523659A
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- cooling
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
- C21B7/00—Blast furnaces
- C21B7/10—Cooling; Devices therefor
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of method that blast furnace cooling stave intensity of cooling is weighed with specific surface area, comprise the following steps：S1, the design concept for proposing cooling specific surface area；S2, under the guidance of cooling specific surface area design concept, using the water pipe of two same diameters, substitute the water pipe of former 1 times of an enlarged-diameter, both can obtain same cooling water speed, but cooling water inflow declines 50%；After S3, cooling specific surface area propose, amendment cast-iron cooling wall heat transfer formula：q=(Tm‑Tw)/(1/hw/a+L1/K1+L2/K2+L3/K3+1/hm)；The present invention improves cooling wall specific surface area, can reduce cooling wall operating temperature, reduces brick fuel huyashi-chuuka (cold chinese-style noodles) operating temperature, and effect is obvious.Through calculating, specific surface area often increases by 0.1, and cooling wall hot-face temperature reduces by 25.4 DEG C.
Description
Technical field
It is more particularly to a kind of to weigh blast furnace cooling stave cooling by force with specific surface area the invention belongs to signal processing technology field
The method of degree.
Background technology
Influence blast furnace cooling stave cooling effect factor it is more, as cooling water water, water speed, water pipe distribution, water pipe diameter,
Centre of conduit's spacing etc..For a long time, domestic cooling wall puts undue emphasis on cooling water inflow, water speed, water temperature difference to cooling in design
The influence of intensity, and cooling uniformity of the cooling water pipe to cooling wall is have ignored, cause cooling effect to can not show a candle to people's will.2000
It is domestic since year more seat height stove hearth breakouts occur, and mostly occur in blow-on not 4 years, situation allows of no optimist, and thus brings peace
Entirely, a series of pernicious consequences such as unbalance, cost rise are produced.
Contrast No. three blast furnaces of Baosteel（A generation）With the production actual achievement of certain steel mill No. 2, No. 3 blast furnaces, tieed up except operation of blast furnace operates
Shield is horizontal outer, is one of the main reasons the defects of blast furnace cooling stave intensity of cooling appraisement system in design.
Based on the following cast-iron cooling wall blast furnace crucibe characteristics of heat transfer, cupola well cooling water water is analyzed（Water speed）, cooling water
Affecting laws of the temperature to cupola well heat transfer.By contrasting 3 BF in Baosteel（A generation）Mutually concerned feeling with domestic No. 2, No. 3 blast furnaces of certain steel mill
Condition, it has not been the factor for restricting cooling effect to obtain cooling water inflow, water speed, water temperature, needs badly and establishes the new evaluating method, to make up
The blank that cooling wall intensity of cooling characterizes.
To cooling wall blast furnace, mainly there are two parts in the path of cupola well heat transfer：Most of heat is taken away by cooling water；One
Fraction heat is radiated by furnace shell to air, sees Fig. 1.For the sake of analyzing simplicity, furnace shell is generally taken away into heat part province
Slightly, it is believed that after furnace heat is by resistance to material, cooling wall, directly taken away by cooling water, simplified heat transfer system is shown in Fig. 2.
Be in cupola well it is more stable in the state of, the hot-fluid of outflow in stove：
q=(Tm-Tw)/(1/hw+L1/K1+L2/K2+L3/K3+1/hm) （1）
In formula：
Tm：Molten iron temperature, DEG C；
Tw:Cooling water temperature, DEG C；
hw：Cooling water and cooling wall integrated heat transfer coefficient, W/ (m2 DEG C)；
L1：Cooling wall calculated thickness or furnace shell thickness, m；
K1 :Cooling wall or furnace shell thermal conductivity factor, W/ (m DEG C)；
L2：Charcoal smashes material thickness, m；
K2 :Charcoal smashes material thermal conductivity factor, W/ (m DEG C)；
L3：Brick fuel thickness, m；
K3:Brick fuel thermal conductivity factor, W/ (m DEG C)；
hm：Molten iron and the brick fuel coefficient of heat transfer, W/ (m2 DEG C)；
Analysis chart 2 and formula（1）, essence of the cooling water inflow on cupola well heat transfer influence：The change of water, thus it is possible to vary cooling water pair
The coefficient of heat transfer hw of cooling wall, so as to change in stove spread out of heat number, calculate different waters below（Water speed）Under the conditions of, stove
Interior outflow heat, brick fuel hot-face temperature, influence of the cooling water inflow to outflow heat in stove is inquired into this.
Design conditions：Molten iron temperature Tm=1150 DEG C, molten iron and brick fuel coefficient of heat transfer hm=45W/ (m2 DEG C)；Cast iron cools down
Wall thickness 160mm, simplify and calculate only at cooling water pipe center, i.e. L1=0.08m；Cast-iron cooling wall thermal conductivity factor K1=39W/
(m·℃)；Cooling water pipe specification 60 × 6mm of Φ, air gap 0.15mm between cooling water pipe and cooling wall；Charcoal smashes material thickness L2=0.1m；
Charcoal smashes material thermal conductivity factor K2=12W/ (m DEG C)；Brick fuel thickness L3=0.8m；Brick fuel thermal conductivity factor K3=15W/ (m DEG C)；Cooling
Coolant-temperature gage Tw=30 DEG C.
It is 1.0,1.5,2.0,2.5,3.0,3.5,4.0,4.5,5.0,5.5,6.0 to calculate cooling water speed respectively
, 7.0,8.0, outflow heat, brick fuel hot-face temperature, cooling wall temperature in 10.0m/s stove, such as 3,
Shown in Fig. 4, Fig. 5.
Analysis chart 3 ~ 5, with cooling water speed increase, outflow heat increases in stove, and brick fuel hot-face temperature, cooling wall temperature are all
Reducing, generally speaking, influence is smaller, and after water speed is more than 2m/s, change tends towards stability.Meanwhile take office in water pipe into consideration
The bubble discharge of portion's overheat, it is exactly suitable that cast-iron cooling wall blast furnace crucibe, which cools down water speed in 1.6 ~ 2.0m/s or so,.
According to heat transfer formula（1）, work as molten iron temperature（Tm）And cooling water temperature（Tw）One timing, the size of hot-fluid depend on
R=1/hw+L1/K1+L2/K2+L3/K3+1/hm size, and R size is as shown in Figure 6 with the change of cooling water speed.Water speed
Influence to cupola well heat transfer system entire thermal resistance is smaller, and therefore, it is also smaller on spreading out of heat influence in stove.
In heat transfer formula, R includes complex heat transfer thermal resistance between cooling water and cooling wall（1 / hw）, cast-iron cooling wall wall body
Thermal resistance（L1 / K1）, charcoal smash material thermal resistance（L2/ K2）, brick fuel thermal resistance（L3/ K3）With the heat exchanged thermoresistance of molten iron and brick fuel（1 /
hm）.Molten iron accounts for entire thermal resistance R ratio to the heat exchanged thermoresistance of brick fuel more than 80% in brick fuel thermal resistance and stove, only this two changes,
Can just larger effect be produced to hot-fluid.
And cooling water only accounts for 5% or so of entire thermal resistance to the synthesis thermal resistance of cooling wall, and this includes cooling water convection current
Heat exchanged thermoresistance, cooling water wall resistance, water pipe coating resistance, water pipe and cooling wall air gap thermal resistance.Between cooling water pipe and cooling wall
Air gap thermal resistance will account for cooling water to 85% or so of the synthesis thermal resistance of cooling wall, and the convective heat transfer resistance accounting of cooling water is insufficient
10%.Sum it up, cooling water convective heat transfer resistance account for cupola well heat transfer system it is total
Thermal resistance R ratio is only about 0.5% or so, as shown in Figure 7.
In summary, after water speed reaches 1.6 ~ 2.0m/s, even if further increasing water, water speed, cooling water pair is reduced
Heat exchanged thermoresistance is flowed, the effect to furnace heat transmission is limited.
According to cupola well heat transfer formula（1）, cooling water temperature Tw is lower, is more advantageous to the outflow of heat, typically changes water
The measure of temperature mainly has 2 kinds：Directly change supply water temperature and change water.
（1）Directly change supply water temperature
According to foregoing design conditions, water speed is defined as 2.0m/s, respectively calculate water temperature 20,25,30,35,40,45 DEG C
Outflow heat, brick fuel hot-face temperature, cooling wall temperature in stove, as shown in Fig. 8 ~ 10.By Fig. 8 ~ 10, cooling water temperature in stove to passing
Going out the influence of heat, brick fuel hot-face temperature, cooling wall temperature is
Linear.
（2）Increase cooling water inflow
For brick fuel in energy transfer process, heat reaches temperature compared with lower part from temperature upper section.When hot-fluid is uniformly unidirectional
Stable state, when the thermograde in solid is linear change, pass through the two sides vertical with direction of heat flow within the t times（Area
For F, temperature difference is T1-T2 therebetween, and brick fuel thickness is L）Total amount of heat be Q, then have following relation between thermal conductivity factor and temperature
Formula：
Heat formula is taken away according to cooling water, that is, produces conventional thermic load formula：
Q=C water M water（T goes out-T and entered）（2）
In formula：
C water:Cooling water specific heat, KJ/kg；
M water:Cooling water quality, kg；
T goes out：Cooling water leaving water temperature, DEG C；
T enters：Cold in-water temperature, DEG C；
Analysis cooling export heat formula（2）, when cooling water is taken away, heat is constant, and when water M water increases 1 times, water temperature difference can
To reduce by 1 times.It is assumed that the former temperature difference is 4 DEG C, after water increases 1 times, the temperature difference is changed into 2 DEG C, if inflow temperature is constant, goes out water temperature
Degree reduces by 2 DEG C.With reference to Fig. 9 ~ 11, cooling water temperature reduces by 2 DEG C, to spreading out of heat, brick fuel hot-face temperature, cooling wall temperature in stove
Influence be very little.Meanwhile it should be noted that 1 times of water of increase in production practices, can increase cost of investment and O＆M into
This, and whether original cooling system can sustain being multiplied for water, or one is worth furtheing investigate the problem of determining.
As can be seen here, increase cooling effect by reducing water temperature, act on simultaneously unobvious.Be because while hot-fluid with it is cold
But water temperature change is linear relationship, but the excursion of water temperature in itself is smaller, so being influenceed on hot-fluid outflow in stove also smaller.
Drawn a conclusion by being derived by：Any portion of temperature reduces the reduction width that amplitude is below cooling water temperature in heat transfer system
Degree.For example, cooling water temperature reduces by 1 DEG C, outflow heat flow density increases 10W/m2 in stove, and brick fuel hot-face temperature only reduces by 0.2 DEG C,
Cooling wall hot-face temperature reduces by 0.8 DEG C or so.
The content of the invention
In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted in the present invention is：It is a kind of to weigh blast furnace cold with specific surface area
But the method for wall intensity of cooling, comprises the following steps：
S1, the design concept for proposing cooling specific surface area：Blast furnace cooling stave specific surface area refers to that monolithic cooling wall water tube surfaces accumulate
Sum and the hot face area ratio of cooling wall, are formulated as follows：
Cool down specific surface area（K）=（3.14 × water pipe overall diameter × monolithic cooling wall water pipe quantity）/ monolithic cooling wall width（3）
Or it is reduced to
K = （3.14 × water pipe overall diameter）/ cooling water pipe center spacing（4）；
S2, under the guidance of cooling specific surface area design concept, using the water pipe of two same diameters, the former diameter of substitution expands
Big 1 times of water pipe, both can obtain same cooling water speed, but cooling water inflow declines 50%；
After S3, cooling specific surface area propose, conduct heat formula to cast-iron cooling wall
q=(Tm-Tw)/(1/hw+L1/K1+L2/K2+L3/K3+1/hm) （1）
It is modified, further to improve the integrality of appraisement system, revised heat transfer formula such as following formula（5）It is shown：
q=(Tm-Tw)/(1/hw/a+L1/K1+L2/K2+L3/K3+1/hm ) （5）
In formula, a is cast-iron cooling wall specific surface area, Tm：Molten iron temperature, DEG C；Tw:Cooling water temperature, DEG C；hw：Cooling water with it is cold
But wall integrated heat transfer coefficient, W/ (m2 DEG C)；L1：Cooling wall calculated thickness or furnace shell thickness, m；K1 :Cooling wall or furnace shell are led
Hot coefficient, W/ (m DEG C)；L2：Charcoal smashes material thickness, m；K2：Charcoal smashes material thermal conductivity factor, W/ (m DEG C)；L3：Brick fuel thickness, m；
K3:Brick fuel thermal conductivity factor, W/ (m DEG C)；hm：Molten iron and brick fuel coefficient of heat transfer W/ (m2 DEG C).
The one or more technical schemes provided in the embodiment of the present application, have at least the following technical effects or advantages：
Cooling wall specific surface area is improved, cooling wall operating temperature can be reduced, reduces brick fuel huyashi-chuuka (cold chinese-style noodles) operating temperature, and effect ratio
It is more apparent.Through calculating, specific surface area often increases by 0.1, and cooling wall hot-face temperature reduces by 25.4 DEG C.
Brief description of the drawings
In order to illustrate more clearly about the embodiment of the present invention or technical scheme of the prior art, below will be to embodiment or existing
There is the required accompanying drawing used in technology description to be briefly described, it should be apparent that, drawings in the following description are only this hairs
Some bright embodiments, for those of ordinary skill in the art, on the premise of not paying creative work, can be with root
Other accompanying drawings are obtained according to these accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is cupola well cooling wall Cooling Heat Transfer system figure；
Fig. 2 is the cupola well cooling wall Cooling Heat Transfer system figure after simplifying；
Fig. 3 influences figure for cooling water speed on spreading out of heat in stove；
Fig. 4 influences to scheme for cooling water speed on brick fuel hot-face temperature；
Fig. 5 influences to scheme for cooling water speed on cooling wall hot-face temperature；
Fig. 6 influences to scheme for cooling water speed on cupola well overall thermal resistance；
Fig. 7 is cast-iron cooling wall blast furnace crucibe thermal resistance distribution map；
Fig. 8 is that cooling water temperature influences to scheme on furnace heat transfer；
Fig. 9 is that cooling water temperature influences to scheme on brick fuel hot-face temperature；
Figure 10 is that cooling water temperature influences figure to cooling wall temperature；
Figure 11 is that specific surface area influences to scheme on tube wall maximum temperature；
Figure 12 is that specific surface area influences to scheme on cast iron wall maximum temperature.
Embodiment
In order to be better understood from above-mentioned technical proposal, below in conjunction with Figure of description and specific embodiment to upper
Technical scheme is stated to be described in detail.
Described in the present embodiment：A kind of method that blast furnace cooling stave intensity of cooling is weighed with specific surface area, including following step
Suddenly：
S1, the design concept for proposing cooling specific surface area：Blast furnace cooling stave specific surface area refers to that monolithic cooling wall water tube surfaces accumulate
Sum and the hot face area ratio of cooling wall, are formulated as follows：
Cool down specific surface area（K）=（3.14 × water pipe overall diameter × monolithic cooling wall water pipe quantity）/ monolithic cooling wall width（3）
Or it is reduced to
K = （3.14 × water pipe overall diameter）/ cooling water pipe center spacing（4）；
S2, under the guidance of cooling specific surface area design concept, using the water pipe of two same diameters, the former diameter of substitution expands
Big 1 times of water pipe, both can obtain same cooling water speed, but cooling water inflow declines 50%；
After S3, cooling specific surface area propose, conduct heat formula to cast-iron cooling wall
q=(Tm-Tw)/(1/hw+L1/K1+L2/K2+L3/K3+1/hm) （1）
It is modified, further to improve the integrality of appraisement system, revised heat transfer formula such as following formula（5）It is shown：
q=(Tm-Tw)/(1/hw/a+L1/K1+L2/K2+L3/K3+1/hm ) （5）
In formula, a is cast-iron cooling wall specific surface area, Tm：Molten iron temperature, DEG C；Tw:Cooling water temperature, DEG C；hw：Cooling water with it is cold
But wall integrated heat transfer coefficient, W/ (m2 DEG C)；L1：Cooling wall calculated thickness or furnace shell thickness, m；K1 :Cooling wall or furnace shell are led
Hot coefficient, W/ (m DEG C)；L2：Charcoal smashes material thickness, m；K2：Charcoal smashes material thermal conductivity factor, W/ (m DEG C)；L3：Brick fuel thickness, m；
K3:Brick fuel thermal conductivity factor, W/ (m DEG C)；hm：Molten iron and brick fuel coefficient of heat transfer W/ (m2 DEG C).
According to heat transfer system formula（1）, design design conditions：Cast-iron cooling wall wall thickness is 160mm, water pipe and cooling wall gas
Gap is 0.15mm, and each head water is 13m3/h, and 30 DEG C of cooling water temperature, the residual thickness of brick fuel is 200mm, cooling water pipe specification Φ
60 × 6mm, water pipe spacing are respectively 160mm, 180mm, 200mm, 220mm, 240mm, calculate that specific surface area is respectively
1.178 、1.047 、0.942 、0.857 、0.785。
Influence of the specific surface area to tube wall temperature and cast-iron cooling wall temperature is as shown in Figure 11,12.Knowable to analysis, with
Specific surface area increases, and the temperature of cooling wall and tube wall declines, and the maximum temperature fall of tube wall is smaller, cast iron wall highest
Temperature declines more.Main cause therein is specific surface area increase, more uniform to the cooling of cast iron wall hot face, and to the cold of tube wall
But the coefficient of heat transfer of cooling water is depended primarily on, under the conditions of identical water and caliber, the coefficient of heat transfer of water is identical, so tube wall
Temperature difference is little.
Described in summary, cooling wall specific surface area is improved, cooling wall operating temperature can be reduced, reduces brick fuel huyashi-chuuka (cold chinese-style noodles) work temperature
Degree, and effect is obvious.Through calculating, specific surface area often increases by 0.1, and cooling wall hot-face temperature reduces by 25.4 DEG C.Certainly,
In actual achievement application, the increase of specific surface area will be adapted with the intensity after cooling wall water pipe arrangement form and furnace shell perforate.
The above described is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, any formal limitation not is made to the present invention, though
So the present invention is disclosed above with preferred embodiment, but is not limited to the present invention, any to be familiar with this professional technology people
Member, without departing from the scope of the present invention, when the technology contents using the disclosure above make a little change or modification
For the equivalent embodiment of equivalent variations, as long as being the content without departing from technical solution of the present invention, the technical spirit according to the present invention
Any simple modification, equivalent change and modification made to above example, in the range of still falling within technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (1)
- A kind of 1. method that blast furnace cooling stave intensity of cooling is weighed with specific surface area, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：S1, the design concept for proposing cooling specific surface area：Blast furnace cooling stave specific surface area refers to that monolithic cooling wall water tube surfaces accumulate Sum and the hot face area ratio of cooling wall, are formulated as follows：Cool down specific surface area（K）=（3.14 × water pipe overall diameter × monolithic cooling wall water pipe quantity）/ monolithic cooling wall width（3）Or it is reduced toK = （3.14 × water pipe overall diameter）/ cooling water pipe center spacing（4）；S2, under the guidance of cooling specific surface area design concept, using the water pipe of two same diameters, the former diameter of substitution expands Big 1 times of water pipe, both can obtain same cooling water speed, but cooling water inflow declines 50%；After S3, cooling specific surface area propose, conduct heat formula to cast-iron cooling wallq=(Tm-Tw)/(1/hw+L1/K1+L2/K2+L3/K3+1/hm) （1）It is modified, further to improve the integrality of appraisement system, revised heat transfer formula such as following formula（5）It is shown：q=(Tm-Tw)/(1/hw/a+L1/K1+L2/K2+L3/K3+1/hm ) （5）In formula, a is cast-iron cooling wall specific surface area, Tm：Molten iron temperature, DEG C；Tw:Cooling water temperature, DEG C；hw：Cooling water with it is cold But wall integrated heat transfer coefficient, W/ (m2 DEG C)；L1：Cooling wall calculated thickness or furnace shell thickness, m；K1 :Cooling wall or furnace shell are led Hot coefficient, W/ (m DEG C)；L2：Charcoal smashes material thickness, m；K2：Charcoal smashes material thermal conductivity factor, W/ (m DEG C)；L3：Brick fuel thickness, m； K3:Brick fuel thermal conductivity factor, W/ (m DEG C)；hm：Molten iron and brick fuel coefficient of heat transfer W/ (m2 DEG C).
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| CN110241278A (en) * | 2019-06-19 | 2019-09-17 | 中冶赛迪工程技术股份有限公司 | A kind of hearth structure and its design method |
| CN110263427A (en) * | 2019-06-18 | 2019-09-20 | 中冶赛迪工程技术股份有限公司 | A kind of the cooling effect appraisal procedure and assessment system of cooling equipment |
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| CN110263427A (en) * | 2019-06-18 | 2019-09-20 | 中冶赛迪工程技术股份有限公司 | A kind of the cooling effect appraisal procedure and assessment system of cooling equipment |
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Application publication date: 20171229 |