Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to provide the pressure-shear test machines that a kind of maximum output shearing force can be changed.
In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution in the present invention is as follows:
A kind of pressure-shear test machine, including mechanism rack and shear plate are provided with vertical loading mechanism in mechanism rack and for described
Shear plate apply horizontal direction active force lateral loading mechanism, lateral loading mechanism include the preceding shear cylinder being arranged in juxtaposition, in
Between shear cylinder and rear shear cylinder, each shear cylinder is horizontally disposed, and each shear cylinder is placed in the same side of the shear plate.
Intermediate shear cylinder is in the middle part on shear plate left and right directions, and preceding shear cylinder, rear shear cylinder are symmetrically arranged in centre
The left and right sides of shear cylinder.
Preceding shear cylinder, intermediate shear cylinder are identical with the maximum output power of rear shear cylinder.
The maximum output power of preceding shear cylinder, intermediate shear cylinder and rear shear cylinder is 300 tons.
Lateral loading mechanism includes the fixed lateral loading mechanism bracket of the relatively described mechanism rack, and preceding shear cylinder, centre are cut
The piston rod for cutting cylinder, rear shear cylinder is connected by the first articulated structure with the shear plate, preceding shear cylinder, intermediate shear cylinder, after
Shear cylinder is connected by the second articulated structure with the lateral loading mechanism bracket, and the first articulated structure, the second articulated structure are equal
The hinge axes vertically extended with axis.
First articulated structure includes the shear plate connecting plate being fixed on shear plate, and the first articulated structure further includes being fixed on
The upper junction plate and lower connecting plate for being located at shear plate connecting plate or more two sides on the piston rod of corresponding shear cylinder, it is upper and lower to connect
Spacing between plate is greater than the height of shear plate connecting plate, and the first articulated structure further includes being threaded onto shear plate connecting plate and upper company
Connection pin shaft between fishplate bar, lower connecting plate.
Preceding shear cylinder, intermediate shear cylinder, rear shear cylinder are double-outlet cylinder.
Preceding shear cylinder, rear shear cylinder are double-outlet cylinder, preceding shear cylinder, rear shear cylinder piston rod far from the first hinged knot
One end of structure is connected by articulated linkage.
Preceding shear cylinder, intermediate shear cylinder and rear shear cylinder are set in same mounting base, are set on lateral loading mechanism bracket
It is equipped with the shear cylinder elevating mechanism for adjusting the mounting base height.
The invention has the benefit that the shearing force output of following various modes, intermediate shear cylinder may be implemented in the present invention
Individually output;Preceding shear cylinder, rear shear cylinder export jointly, and intermediate shear cylinder does not work;Preceding shear cylinder, intermediate shear cylinder and after cut
It cuts cylinder to export jointly, when intermediate shear cylinder individually exports, provides a maximum output shearing force, and during intermediate shear cylinder is in
Between, the stability of shear plate stress can be effectively ensured;When preceding shear cylinder, rear shear cylinder export jointly, two shear cylinders can also
To guarantee the stability of shear plate stress, when certain three shear cylinders cooperatively export it is also ensured that shear plate stress it is steady
It is qualitative.By selecting different shearing cylinder workings, so that the variable of maximum output shearing force is realized, with covering more wide scope
Shearing test.
Specific embodiment
A kind of embodiment 1 of pressure-shear test machine is as shown in Fig. 2 ~ 5: including mechanism rack and horizontally disposed shear plate 32, machine
Framework includes pedestal 26, and left column group 2, central post group 4 and right column group 1 symmetrically arranged on the left and the right are provided on pedestal 26, left
Column group 2, central post group 4 and right column group 1 include the column 3 of two time intervals arrangement.Pressure testing machine further includes leading
It is assemblied in the crossbeam 9 on each column to movement, crossbeam is the slab structure of an entirety, crossbeam 9 and left column group 2, right column
The beam height regulating mechanism 11 for adjusting beam height is provided between the correspondence column of group 1.
The left working cylinder 12 being vertically arranged is fixed on crossbeam 9 between left column group and central post group, on crossbeam 9 in
The right working cylinder 27 being vertically arranged is fixed between column group and right column group, that is to say, that when each working cylinder works independently,
Corresponding four columns of each working cylinder realize counter-force, while two of the also shared central post group of the counter-force of the cylinder of two work are vertical
Column.In the present embodiment, left working cylinder 12, right working cylinder 27 are the hydraulic cylinder that maximum output pressure is 3000 tons.Left working cylinder
Piston rod on be hinged with left force transmitting board 23, right force transmitting board 21, left force transmitting board, right biography are hinged on the piston rod of right working cylinder 27
The hinge axes of power plate are extended along the longitudinal direction, and left force transmitting board constitutes the power output end of left working cylinder, right force transmitting board structure
At the power output end of right working cylinder.Pressure testing machine further includes for releasable connection in left working cylinder, the power of right working cylinder
The pressure plate 22 of output end, in the present embodiment, pressure plate 22 passes through the connection bolt 20 being vertically arranged and is connected to left force transmitting board 23
With the lower end of right force transmitting board 21.
Beam height regulating mechanism 11 includes being set to climbing on the correspondence column of left column group, right column group for crossbeam
The lock tooth 18 risen, beam height regulating mechanism further include upper holding card 6 and lower holding card, and lower holding card includes guiding movement along the vertical direction
The lower holding card support 16 being assemblied on corresponding column offers realization on lower holding card support 16 and corresponding guide pillar is mobile cooperates
Holding card pilot hole, guiding movement is equipped with the lower holding card closing piece for cooperating with lock tooth 18 in left-right direction on lower holding card support
17, the upper and lower ends of lower holding card closing piece 17 are fixed with the lower holding card guide rod 15 that axis extends in left-right direction, lower holding card support
On offer and realize the guide rod pilot hole that is oriented to lower holding card closing piece and cooperating with lower 15 guiding movement of holding card guide rod,
Downward holding card closing piece is provided between lower holding card closing piece 17 and lower holding card support 16 to apply towards corresponding lock tooth direction active force
Lower holding card locking spring 14, lower holding card locking spring 14 are sheathed on corresponding lower holding card guide rod 15, on lower holding card support 16
It is additionally provided with horizontally disposed be connected under downward holding card closing piece output left and right directions active force with the transmission of lower holding card closing piece 17
Holding card hydraulic cylinder 13.Upper holding card 6 includes the upper holding card support being fixed on crossbeam, guiding shifting in left-right direction on upper holding card support
It is dynamic to be equipped with for the upper holding card closing piece 8 with lock tooth cooperation, upward holding card is provided between upper holding card closing piece 8 and upper holding card support
Closing piece applies the upper holding card locking spring 5 towards corresponding lock tooth direction active force, is provided on upper holding card support horizontally disposed
It is connected with the transmission of upper holding card closing piece with the upper holding card hydraulic cylinder 7 of upward holding card closing piece output left and right directions active force.Lower holding card branch
Seat and upper holding card support (or between crossbeam) are provided with the jacking hydraulic cylinder 10 being vertically arranged.Upper holding card closing piece, lower holding card closing piece
It is the toothed plate structure being vertically arranged with multiple teeth.
The specific work process of beam height regulating mechanism is as follows: when not needing to be tested, crossbeam is not by a left side at this time
The vertical reaction force of working cylinder, right working cylinder, jacking hydraulic cylinder 10, upper holding card hydraulic cylinder 7 and lower holding card hydraulic cylinder 13 are not
Work, under the action of upper holding card locking spring, upper holding card closing piece 8 is locked with lock tooth 18, and beam height position is consolidated in realization
Fixed, under the action of lower holding card locking spring, lower holding card closing piece 17 consolidates lower holding card height and position with lock tooth locking, realization
It is fixed.When needing to adjust the position of crossbeam, the lower downward holding card closing piece of holding card hydraulic cylinder applies the active force towards corresponding lock tooth, under
For holding card closing piece with lock tooth locking under the action of lower holding card hydraulic cylinder, the upper upward holding card of holding card hydraulic cylinder, which applies towards separate, corresponds to lock
The active force in tooth direction, upper holding card closing piece and lock tooth disengage, and jacking hydraulic cylinder jacks holding card support upwards, and crossbeam can be upward
Mobile adjustment, then the upper upward holding card closing piece of holding card hydraulic cylinder applies the active force towards corresponding lock tooth direction, upper holding card closing piece
Realize that the position of crossbeam is fixed with lock tooth locking;The lower downward holding card of holding card hydraulic cylinder applies towards the effect far from corresponding lock tooth direction
Power, lower holding card closing piece and lock tooth are detached from, and jacking hydraulic cylinder retracts, then can driving lower holding card, step-by-step movement is walked upward, are so followed
The adjustment height of crossbeam step by step may be implemented in ring.When needing to carry out compression-shear test, upper holding card closing piece is hydraulic in upper holding card
It is locked under the action of cylinder with lock tooth, therefore biggish vertical active force can be undertaken.
Pressure testing machine further include horizontally disposed shear plate 32 and for shear plate apply horizontal direction active force
Lateral loading mechanism, lateral loading mechanism include the lateral loading mechanism bracket being fixed on pedestal, are set on loading mechanism bracket
It is equipped with shear cylinder elevating mechanism, shear cylinder elevating mechanism is a lift cylinders 43, is fixed with mounting base on the piston rod of lift cylinders
42, lateral loading mechanism includes the preceding shear cylinder 28, intermediate shear cylinder 29 and rear shear cylinder 30 being sequentially arranged in juxtaposition from front to back,
In the present embodiment, the hydraulic cylinder that preceding shear cylinder 28, intermediate shear cylinder 29 and rear shear cylinder 30 are 300 tons of maximum output power, and in
Between shear cylinder be in the middle part on 32 front-rear direction of shear plate, preceding shear cylinder, rear shear cylinder are symmetrically arranged in intermediate shear cylinder
The left and right sides.Preceding shear cylinder, intermediate shear cylinder, rear shear cylinder are double-outlet cylinder, preceding shear cylinder, intermediate shear cylinder, after cut
The piston rod 39 for cutting cylinder is connected by the first articulated structure with shear plate 32, and preceding shear cylinder, intermediate shear cylinder, rear shear cylinder pass through
Second articulated structure is connected with the mounting base of lateral loading mechanism bracket, and the first articulated structure, the second articulated structure all have axis
The hinge axes that line vertically extends.In the present embodiment, the first articulated structure includes being fixed on cutting on shear plate 32
Cutting plate connecting plate 38, the first articulated structure further include being fixed on being located on shear plate connecting plate on the piston rod of corresponding shear cylinder
The upper junction plate 36 and lower connecting plate 37 of lower two sides, the spacing between upper and lower connecting plate are greater than the height of shear plate connecting plate, the
One articulated structure further includes the connection pin shaft 35 being threaded between shear plate connecting plate and upper junction plate, lower connecting plate, connecting pin
Axis 35 can take out from the bottom to top.
Second articulated structure includes turn that the pivot center being fixed on the cylinder body of corresponding shear cylinder vertically extends
Moving axis 40 is provided with the rotating shaft base 41 for corresponding rotation axis anticreep installation in mounting base, in other embodiments of the invention,
Second articulated structure is also possible to spherical hinge structure.
Pressure testing machine can complete double shear experiment to rubber support in the present embodiment, and double shear experiment refers in shear plate 32
Two sides up and down have rubber support 31, the rubber support 31 of downside is placed on workbench 33, and left working cylinder, right working cylinder pass through
The rubber support 31 of 22 pairs of pressure plate upside presses vertical loading force, to simulate bridge weight, when needing 300 tons and the shearing of following tonnage
When power exports, intermediate shear cylinder is only needed to act, preceding shear cylinder, rear shear cylinder do not work, and are servo-actuated, cut before can also pulling out certainly
The connection pin shaft between cylinder, rear shear cylinder and shear plate is cut, dynamic shear test both may be implemented under this state or may be implemented
Static shear test;When needing 300-600 tons of shearing force output, intermediate shear cylinder does not work, and can pull out intermediate shear cylinder
Connection pin shaft between shear plate, preceding shear cylinder, rear shear cylinder synchronization action, to generate active force to shear plate;Work as needs
When 600-900 tons of shearing force output, three shear cylinders work.Lateral loading mechanism in certain the present embodiment can also carry out
Horizontal torsion shearing test, intermediate shear cylinder do not work, and a shear cylinder applies shear plate and draws in preceding shear cylinder, rear shear cylinder
Power, a shear cylinder apply thrust to shear plate, and shear plate may be implemented to rubber support torsional shear, so that simulation is distinguishingly
Shake the stress of the rubber support under environment.In other embodiments of the invention, preceding shear cylinder, intermediate shear cylinder and rear shear cylinder
It can also be the hydraulic cylinder of single pole output;Preceding shear cylinder, intermediate shear cylinder, rear shear cylinder maximum output power can also be different
Cause, preceding shear cylinder, intermediate shear cylinder, rear shear cylinder maximum output power may not be 300 tons, such as carry out as needed
Setting.
When needing to carry out 5000 tons, 6000 tons of vertical loading forces, workpiece to be tested is placed in the downside of 22 plates of pressure, it is left
Working cylinder, right working cylinder simultaneously operation, may be implemented the output of maximum 6000 tons of pressure, for example complete the resistance to compression of rubber support 31
Test;Certain two working cylinders can also be different step movement and can complete at this time pair so that pressure plate generates a tilt angle
The corner test of rubber support.When needing to carry out 1000 tons, 2000 tons of pressure testings, pressure plate of dismantling, single working cylinder is same
Step movement can complete pressure testing.Two groups of pillar constructions increase the whole anti-torsion ability of the testing machine, two low tons
The working cylinder of position realizes high tonnage operating pressure output jointly, can very easily solve cylinder diameter, active force and hydraulic system pressure
Power problem both can choose super-pressure or can choose conventional high-pressure;Two working cylinders may be implemented to make one equipment more
Purpose substantially increases the utilization rate and productivity of equipment.In other embodiments of the invention: two working cylinders are most
Big output pressure can also be different.
A kind of embodiment 2 of pressure-shear test machine is as shown in Figure 6: embodiment 2 unlike the first embodiment, in the embodiment
Simple shear test is carried out, simple shear test, which refers to, only carries out shearing test to a rubber support 31, and being supported on the downside of shear plate has
It is vertical to load cylinder by top board to the vertical loading force of rubber support application, at this time due to support base on the support base 50 of ball
Height change, it is therefore desirable to the height for adjusting lateral loading mechanism to match with shear plate.
A kind of embodiment 3 of pressure-shear test machine is as shown in Figure 7: embodiment 3 unlike the first embodiment, preceding shear cylinder, after
The one end of the piston rod of shear cylinder far from the first articulated structure is connected by articulated linkage, one end of articulated linkage and preceding shear cylinder
Piston rod be hinged and connected, the other end of articulated linkage and the piston rod of rear shear cylinder are hinged and connected, articulated linkage, preceding shearing
Cylinder, rear shear cylinder and shear plate together form a parallelogram linkage, this connection type is that one kind cuts torsion
The torsion of one small tonnage power output may be implemented in the optimization cut, under this scenario, preceding shear cylinder or rear shear cylinder single movement
Shearing test, preceding shear cylinder, rear shear cylinder act in the opposite direction simultaneously, and the torsion that a large-tonnage power output may be implemented is cut
Cut test.