JP2011033380A - Force application testing device - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a force application testing device capable of reducing facility cost, and measuring accurately a characteristic value of a flexible member. <P>SOLUTION: Two base isolation rubbers 10a, 10b are arranged vertically in series across a connection member 2, and the lower end of the upper stage side base isolation rubber 10a and the upper end of the lower stage side base isolation rubber 10b are fixed to the connection member 2, respectively. A connection body of the base isolation rubbers 10a, 10b is arranged between pressing members 3, 4, and the lower end of the lower stage side base isolation rubber 10b is fixed to a lower side pressing member 3, and the upper end of the upper stage side base isolation rubber 10a is fixed to an upper side pressing member 4. Then, the upper side pressing member 4 is lowered by a vertical moving device 5, to thereby apply a compressive load onto each base isolation rubber 10a, 10b. Further, the connection member 2 is moved in a horizontal direction by a horizontal moving device 6. Hereby, a shear load is applied to each base isolation rubber 10a, 10b. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2011,JPO&INPIT

Description

  According to the present invention, by applying a compressive load to a flexible member and applying a shear load in a direction orthogonal to the compressive load, the flexible member is subjected to compressive shear deformation to perform a characteristic test of the flexible member. In particular, the present invention relates to a force test apparatus suitable for conducting a characteristic test of a seismic isolation rubber used for a base isolation structure of a structure such as a building.

  A base isolation device (base isolation rubber) with a structure in which a hard layer made of a hard material such as a steel plate and a soft layer made of a material having viscoelastic properties such as rubber are laminated and integrated is a support member for a structure such as a building. Is widely used.

  As a test device for investigating the characteristics of the seismic isolation rubber (for example, lateral elastic modulus and fatigue resistance), by applying a shear load in a direction orthogonal to the compression load while applying a compression load to the seismic isolation rubber, A force test apparatus configured to compress and shear the seismic rubber is widely used. There exists a thing of Unexamined-Japanese-Patent No. 2001-41870 as this force test apparatus. FIG. 3 is a front view of the force test apparatus of the same number. In this force test apparatus 100, an upper pressure plate 103 is attached to a frame 101 through a plurality of vertical guide members 102 so as to be reciprocally movable in a vertical direction, and below the plurality of horizontal guide members. A lower pressure plate 105 is installed through 104 so as to be reciprocally movable in the horizontal direction. A vertical cylinder mechanism 106 is installed on the upper portion of the frame 101 as a power source for reciprocating the upper pressure plate 103 in the vertical direction. A horizontal cylinder mechanism 107 is installed as a power source for this.

  When performing a force test, the seismic isolation rubber 110 is disposed between the upper pressure plate 103 and the lower pressure plate 105, the upper end of the seismic isolation rubber 110 is connected to the upper pressure plate 103, and the lower end. Are connected to the lower pressure plate 105. Thereafter, the upper pressure plate 103 is moved downward by the vertical cylinder mechanism 106, and the seismic isolation rubber 110 is compressed between the upper pressure plate 103 and the lower pressure plate 105. In this state, a horizontal shearing load is applied to the seismic isolation rubber 110 by moving the lower pressure plate 105 in the horizontal direction by the horizontal cylinder mechanism 107.

  As the guide members 102 and 104 for guiding the movement of the pressure plates 103 and 105, for example, there is a linear motion rolling guide device described in JP-A-2005-54828. The linear motion rolling guide apparatus of the same number includes a rail, a moving block movable along the rail, and a ball interposed between the rail and the moving block. Pressure plates 103 and 105 are attached to the moving block. In this linear motion rolling guide device, as the moving block moves, the ball rolls between the moving block and the rail, thereby reducing the frictional resistance.

JP2001-41870 JP-A-2005-54828

  In general, when the seismic isolation rubber 110 is subjected to a force test in the above-described force testing apparatus 100, in order to reproduce the situation in which an earthquake occurred with the seismic isolation rubber 110 supporting a building or the like, The lower pressure plate 105 is horizontally moved in a state where a considerably large compressive load (for example, about 100 t (ton)) is applied to the seismic rubber 110. For this reason, the horizontal guide member 104 supporting the lower pressure plate 105 is heavily worn, and it is necessary to frequently replace the guide member 104, increasing the equipment cost. In particular, when the linear motion rolling guide device described above is used as the guide member 104, the linear motion rolling guide device itself is very expensive, and the equipment cost becomes enormous.

  Further, in this force test apparatus 100, even when a linear motion rolling guide apparatus is used as the guide member 104, when the lower pressure plate 105 is moved horizontally, the frictional resistance force is always applied from the guide member 104. Therefore, it is difficult to accurately measure the characteristic value of the seismic isolation rubber 110.

  An object of the present invention is to provide a force test apparatus capable of reducing the equipment cost and accurately measuring the characteristic value of a flexible member.

  The force test apparatus of the present invention (Claim 1) is configured to apply a compressive load to the flexible member and apply a shear load in a direction substantially orthogonal to the compressive load to cause the flexible member to undergo compressive shear deformation. In the applied force testing apparatus, at least one pair of the first flexible member and the second flexible member are connected in series with one end of the first flexible member, and the first flexible member A first pressure member to which the other end of the second pressure member is connected, a second pressure member to which the other end of the second flexible member is connected, and the first pressure member and the second pressure member. Compression load applying means configured to approach at least one of the pressure members toward the other and thereby apply the compression load to the first flexible member and the second flexible member, respectively, The connecting member is moved in a direction substantially orthogonal to the approaching direction of the first pressure member and the second pressure member, thereby And it is characterized in that it comprises a shear load applying means configured to apply each of the shear load on the flexible member and the second flexible member.

  According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the force test apparatus according to the first aspect, the first pressure member is installed to be movable in a substantially vertical direction, and the second pressure member is the first pressure member. The first flexible member and the second flexible member are vertically arranged in a plurality of stages between the first pressure member and the second pressure member. Disposed, the lower end of the first flexible member and the upper end of the second flexible member are respectively connected by the connecting member, and the upper end of the first flexible member is the first And the lower end of the second flexible member is connected to the second pressurizing member, and the compressive load applying means is the first pressurizing member. The member is configured to move in a substantially vertical direction, and the shear load applying means is configured to move the connecting member in a substantially horizontal direction. And it is characterized in and.

  According to a third aspect of the present invention, there is provided the force test apparatus according to the first or second aspect, wherein the shear load applying means is configured to move the connecting member by a cylinder mechanism.

  According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, there is provided the force test apparatus according to the first or second aspect, wherein the shear load applying means is configured to move the connecting member by a ball screw mechanism.

  A force test apparatus according to a fifth aspect of the present invention is the force test apparatus according to any one of the first to fourth aspects, wherein the force test apparatus further follows an approaching movement of the first pressure member and the second pressure member. Then, a moving means for moving the shear load applying means to a position that is substantially equidistant from the first pressure member and the second pressure member is provided.

  A force test apparatus according to a sixth aspect is the force test apparatus according to any one of the first to fifth aspects, wherein a plurality of the first flexible members are arranged in parallel on the first pressure member side of the connecting member. Disposed, the one end of each first flexible member is connected to the connecting member, and the other end of each first flexible member is connected to the first pressure member, A plurality of the second flexible members are arranged in parallel on the second pressing member side of the connecting member, and the one end of each second flexible member is connected to the connecting member. In addition, the other end of each second flexible member is connected to the second pressure member, respectively.

  The force test apparatus according to claim 7 is the force test apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein each of the first flexible member and the second flexible member includes a hard layer made of a hard material, It is a seismic isolation rubber formed by laminating and integrating a soft layer made of a material having viscoelastic properties.

  When a force test is performed by the force test apparatus of the present invention, at least one pair of the first flexible member and the second flexible member are arranged in series, and the opposite ends thereof are connected to each other. Connect with The connecting body is disposed between the first pressure member and the second pressure member, and the other end of the first flexible member is connected to the first pressure member. The other end of the second flexible member is connected to the second pressure member. Thereafter, the first pressure member and the second pressure member are brought close to each other by the compression load applying means, and a compression load is applied to each flexible member. In this state, the connecting member is moved by the shearing load applying means in a direction (hereinafter referred to as a compression direction) between the pressure members and a direction substantially orthogonal (hereinafter referred to as a shearing direction). Thereby, a shear load is applied to each of the first flexible member and the second flexible member.

  In the force test apparatus of the present invention, the connecting member is supported by the first flexible member and the second flexible member from both sides in the compression direction. When a moving force in the shear direction is applied to the connecting member from the shear load applying means, each flexible member is pulled by the connecting member and undergoes shear deformation, so that the connecting member can move in the shearing direction. It has become. Therefore, in the present invention, a guide member such as the linear motion rolling guide device that supports the connecting member so as to be movable in the shearing direction against the compressive load from the pressure member is unnecessary. As a result, the cost conventionally required for the installation and replacement of the guide member becomes unnecessary, and the equipment cost of the force test apparatus can be reduced. Further, since the frictional resistance from the guide member is eliminated, it is possible to improve the test accuracy.

  Furthermore, according to the present invention, since the force test of at least two flexible members can be performed at the same time, the processing capability when performing the force test of a large number of flexible members is also improved.

  As described in claim 2, the force test apparatus according to the present invention has a vertical configuration in which the first flexible member and the second flexible member are arranged in multiple upper and lower stages, and these are compressed in the vertical direction. It is preferable that With this configuration, it is possible to save the space of the force test apparatus.

  As described in claims 3 and 4, the shear load applying means is preferably configured to move the connecting member by a cylinder mechanism or a ball screw mechanism. This cylinder mechanism is simple. Further, the ball screw mechanism can apply a large load to the flexible member and can adjust the displacement amount in the shearing direction of the flexible member at the time of shear deformation with high accuracy.

  In the aspect of claim 5, following the close movement of the first pressure member and the second pressure member, the shear load applying means is the first pressure member and the second pressure member. Therefore, the first flexible member and the second flexible member are compressed almost uniformly by moving the connecting member in the shearing direction by the shear load applying means. Shear deformation is possible.

  As in claim 6, a plurality of flexible members may be arranged in parallel on the first pressure member side and the second pressure member side of the connecting member to perform the force test. By doing so, it becomes possible to simultaneously perform a force test on a larger number of flexible members, so that the processing capability of this force test apparatus is greatly improved.

  As described in claim 7, the force test apparatus of the present invention is suitable for performing a force test on seismic isolation rubber to which a large compressive load is applied.

It is a schematic longitudinal cross-sectional view of the force test apparatus which concerns on embodiment. It is a schematic longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows the state which is performing the force test with the force test apparatus of FIG. It is a front view of the force test apparatus which concerns on a prior art example.

  Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. In addition, in the following embodiment, the force test apparatus for seismic isolation rubber is illustrated, However, This invention is applicable also to the force test apparatus for flexible members other than seismic isolation rubber. .

  FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 are schematic longitudinal sectional views of a force test apparatus according to an embodiment. FIG. 1 shows a state before the force test is performed, and FIG. 2 shows a state where the force test is being performed. 1 and 2, the z-axis indicates the vertical direction, and the x-axis and the y-axis indicate the horizontal direction and the directions orthogonal to each other.

  The force test apparatus 1 of this embodiment is for performing a force test of a seismic isolation rubber 10 used as a support member for a structure such as a building. The seismic isolation rubber 10 is formed by laminating and integrating a hard layer (not shown) made of a hard material such as a steel plate and a soft layer (not shown) made of a material having viscoelastic properties such as rubber. At the upper and lower ends of the seismic isolation rubber 10, flanges 11 and 12 are provided for connecting the seismic isolation rubber 10 to an upper structure such as a building and a lower structure such as a foundation, respectively.

  As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the force test apparatus 1 performs a force test by arranging at least one pair of seismic isolation rubbers 10 (10a, 10b) in series vertically (that is, coaxially). It is configured. A disc-like connecting member 2 is disposed between the seismic isolation rubbers 10a and 10b, and a flange 12 at the lower end of the upper-stage seismic isolation rubber 10a is fixed to the upper surface of the connecting member 2 with bolts (not shown). At the same time, the flange 11 at the upper end of the lower-stage seismic isolation rubber 10b is fixed to the lower surface of the connecting member 2 with bolts so that the seismic isolation rubbers 10a and 10b are connected to each other via the connecting member 2. The Note that the flange 12 of the upper-stage seismic isolation rubber 10a and the flange 11 of the lower-stage seismic isolation rubber 10b may be fixed to the connecting member 2 by a common bolt, or fixed to the connecting member 2 by separate bolts. Also good. Further, these flanges 11 and 12 may be fixed to the connecting member 2 by fixing means other than bolts. A connection portion 2a to which a tip of a ball screw 6a of a horizontal movement device 6 described later is connected is provided on the side surface of the connecting member 2.

  The force test apparatus 1 includes a disk-shaped upper pressure member 3 and a lower mold pressure member 4 disposed on the upper side and the lower side of the connected body of the seismic isolation rubbers 10 a and 10 b, and the upper pressure member 3. The vertical movement device 5 as a compressive load applying means for applying a compressive load to the seismic isolation rubbers 10a, 10b and the connecting member 2 are moved in a substantially horizontal direction to each seismic isolation rubber 10a, 10b. A horizontal movement device 6 is provided as a shear load applying means for applying a shear load. The upper pressurizing member 3 is attached to the frame F of the force test apparatus 1 so as to be reciprocally movable in a substantially vertical direction via a vertical guide member 7. The lower pressure member 4 is fixedly installed below the upper pressure member 3. These pressurizing members 3 and 4 are arranged so that the respective board surfaces are substantially horizontal and the centers of the respective board surfaces substantially coincide. In addition, the installation structure of each pressurizing member 3 and 4 is not limited to this.

  As the vertical guide member 7, for example, the above-mentioned linear motion rolling guide device, a linear sliding bearing, or the like can be used. However, the vertical guide member 7 is not limited to a specific configuration.

  In this embodiment, as the vertical movement device 5, a hydraulic cylinder mechanism that moves the piston back and forth by hydraulic pressure is used. The power source of this cylinder mechanism is not limited to hydraulic pressure, and may be pneumatic pressure or the like. Further, as the horizontal moving device 6, a ball screw mechanism is used in which the ball screw 6a is advanced and retracted (screwed) by the rotational driving force of the motor M such as an electric motor. However, the configuration of the vertical movement device 5 and the horizontal movement device 6 is not limited to this. For example, a cylinder mechanism may be used for both of these moving devices 5 and 6, and a ball screw mechanism may be used for both of these. In addition, by using a ball screw mechanism as the moving devices 5 and 6, it is possible to adjust the amount of displacement in the compression direction and the shear direction when the seismic isolation rubber 10 is compressed and deformed with high accuracy.

  The vertical movement device 5 is installed on the upper portion of the frame F with the piston facing downward, and the lower end of the piston is connected to the upper surface of the upper pressure member 3. The horizontal movement device 6 has a frame F in a posture in which the tip end side of the ball screw 6a is directed substantially horizontally between the pressure members 3 and 4 (in this embodiment, in the x-axis direction in FIGS. 1 and 2). It is installed on the side. The horizontal movement device 6 is supported by a support member (not shown) whose height can be adjusted. This support member is always positioned at a height at which the tip side of the ball screw 6a is substantially equidistant from the lower surface of the upper pressure member 3 and the upper surface of the lower pressure member 4 in conjunction with the elevation of the upper pressure member 3. The horizontal moving device 6 is configured to move up and down. In addition, the height adjustment mechanism and the control method of the horizontal movement device 6 are not limited to a specific mechanism and method. For example, the height adjustment of the horizontal movement device 6 may be automatically performed in conjunction with the elevation of the upper pressure member 3, or may be manually performed by an operator.

  When the force test of the seismic isolation rubber 10 is performed by the force test apparatus 1 configured as described above, first, as described above, the two seismic isolation rubbers 10 (10a, 10b) are sandwiched between the connecting members 2. The flange 12 at the lower end of the seismic isolation rubber 10a on the upper side and the flange 11 at the upper end of the seismic isolation rubber 10b on the lower side are respectively fixed to the upper and lower surfaces of the connecting member 2 with bolts. Next, as shown in FIG. 1, the coupling body of the seismic isolation rubbers 10 a and 10 b is disposed between the pressure members 3 and 4, and the upper flange 11 of the upper seismic isolation rubber 10 a is connected to the upper pressure member 3. While fixing to the lower surface with bolts, the lower end flange 12 of the lower-stage seismic isolation rubber 10 b is fixed to the upper surface of the lower pressure member 4 with bolts. In addition, the fixing method of the flanges 11 and 12 with respect to the pressurizing members 3 and 4 is not limited to fixing with a volt | bolt. Thereafter, the ball screw 6 a of the horizontal moving device 6 is connected to the connecting portion 2 a of the connecting member 2. The lower-stage seismic isolation rubber 10b is placed on the lower pressure member 4, the connecting member 2 is placed thereon, and then the upper-stage seismic isolation rubber 10a is placed on the connecting member 2. You may install seismic isolation rubber | gum 10a, 10b.

  Thereafter, as shown in FIG. 2, the upper pressurizing member 3 is lowered by the vertical movement device 5, and a compressive load is applied to the seismic isolation rubbers 10a and 10b. Further, the connecting member 2 is moved in the horizontal direction by the horizontal movement device 6. Thereby, a shear load is applied to each seismic isolation rubber 10a, 10b. If necessary, the connecting member 2 may be reciprocated in the horizontal direction.

  In the force test apparatus 1, the connecting member 2 is supported from both sides in the compression direction by the seismic isolation rubbers 10a and 10b. When a horizontal movement force is applied to the connecting member 2 from the horizontal moving device 6, the seismic isolation rubbers 10a and 10b are pulled by the connecting member 2 and are subjected to shear deformation, thereby causing the connecting member 2 to move horizontally. It is movable. Therefore, in this force test apparatus 1, a guide member such as the linear motion rolling guide apparatus that supports the connecting member 2 so as to be movable in the horizontal direction against the compressive load from the upper pressure member 3 is provided. It is unnecessary. Thereby, since the cost conventionally required for the installation and replacement of the guide member is not necessary, the equipment cost of the force test apparatus 1 can be reduced. Further, since the frictional resistance from the guide member is eliminated, it is possible to improve the test accuracy.

  Furthermore, according to this force test apparatus 1, since the force test of at least two seismic isolation rubbers 10a and 10b can be performed at the same time, the processing capability in the case of performing a force test of a large number of seismic isolation rubbers 10 Will also improve.

  In this embodiment, the horizontal movement device 6 is always supported by a height-adjustable support member (not shown) so as to follow up and down of the upper pressure member 3 and always press the lower surface of the upper pressure member 3 and the lower pressure. It is supported so as to be positioned at a height that is substantially equidistant from the upper surface of the member 4. As a result, when the connecting member 2 is moved in the horizontal direction by the horizontal movement device 6, the upper-stage seismic isolation rubber 10a and the lower-stage seismic isolation rubber 10b are compressed and sheared substantially uniformly.

[Other configurations]
The above embodiment shows an example of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited to the above embodiment.

  For example, although the force test of the seismic isolation rubber 10 is performed in the above embodiment, the flexible member to be tested by the force test apparatus of the present invention is not limited to the seismic isolation rubber. For example, the force test apparatus of the present invention can also be applied to a force test apparatus for performing a force test on rubber products other than the seismic isolation rubber, such as fenders and vibration-proof rubbers. Of course, the present invention can also be applied to a force test apparatus for performing a force test on flexible members other than rubber products.

  In the above embodiment, one seismic isolation rubber 10 is arranged on each of the upper side and the lower side of the connecting member 2 to perform the force test, but two or more are provided on the upper side and the lower side of the connecting member 2 respectively. The seismic isolation rubber 10 may be arranged in parallel to perform a force test. In this way, since a force test of a larger number of seismic isolation rubbers 10 can be performed at the same time, the processing capability is greatly improved.

  In the above embodiment, the guide member for guiding the horizontal movement of the connecting member 2 is not provided, but such a guide member may be provided. In the present invention, even when a guide member for guiding the horizontal movement of the connecting member 2 is provided, the guide member does not need to support the connecting member 2 against the load from the upper pressure member 3. Therefore, there is little abrasion and the installation cost of the force test apparatus 1 does not increase excessively.

  In the above-described embodiment, the force test apparatus 1 is configured to apply a shear load by moving the connecting member 2 in the x-axis direction while compressing the seismic isolation rubber 10 in the z-axis direction. Accordingly, the connecting member 2 may be further moved in the y-axis direction. Furthermore, you may comprise so that a torsional load can be added to the seismic isolation rubber 10. FIG.

  In the above-described embodiment, the force test apparatus 1 has a vertical configuration in which the seismic isolation rubbers 10 are arranged in multiple upper and lower stages and compress them vertically, but the seismic isolation rubber 10 is in the horizontal direction. It is good also as a horizontal structure which arrange | positions in series and compresses these in a horizontal direction.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Force test apparatus 2 Connecting member 3 Upper pressure member 4 Lower pressure member 5 Vertical moving device 6 Horizontal moving device 7 Vertical guide member 10 Seismic isolation rubber 11, 12 Flange

Claims (7)

In a force test apparatus configured to compress and shear the flexible member by applying a shear load in a direction substantially orthogonal to the compressive load while applying a compressive load to the flexible member,
A connecting member for connecting one ends of at least one pair of the first flexible member and the second flexible member in series;
A first pressure member to which the other end of the first flexible member is coupled;
A second pressure member to which the other end of the second flexible member is coupled;
At least one of the first pressure member and the second pressure member is brought closer to the other, thereby applying the compressive load to the first flexible member and the second flexible member, respectively. A compressive load applying means configured as follows:
The connecting member is moved in a direction substantially orthogonal to the approaching direction of the first pressure member and the second pressure member, whereby the first flexible member and the second flexible member are respectively moved. A force test apparatus comprising: a shear load applying means configured to apply the shear load. In Claim 1, the said 1st pressurization member is installed so that movement in a substantially perpendicular direction is possible,
The second pressure member is fixedly installed below the first pressure member,
The first flexible member and the second flexible member are arranged between the first pressure member and the second pressure member in upper and lower stages, and the first flexible member. The lower end of the first flexible member is connected to the upper end of the second flexible member by the connecting member, and the upper end of the first flexible member is connected to the first pressure member, and the second The lower end of the flexible member is connected to the second pressure member,
The compression load applying means is configured to move the first pressure member in a substantially vertical direction,
The force test apparatus, wherein the shear load applying means is configured to move the connecting member in a substantially horizontal direction.   The force test apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the shear load applying unit is configured to move the connecting member by a cylinder mechanism.   The force test apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the shear load applying unit is configured to move the connecting member by a ball screw mechanism.   5. The force test apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the force test apparatus further follows the approaching movement of the first pressurizing member and the second pressurizing member to set the shear load applying unit to the shearing force applying unit. A force test apparatus comprising a moving means for moving the first pressure member and the second pressure member to a position that is substantially equidistant from the first pressure member and the second pressure member. 6. The first flexible member according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of the first flexible members are arranged in parallel on the first pressure member side of the connecting member. The one end of each member is connected to the connecting member, and the other end of each first flexible member is connected to the first pressure member,
A plurality of the second flexible members are arranged in parallel on the second pressing member side of the connecting member, and the one end of each second flexible member is connected to the connecting member. And the other end of each second flexible member is connected to the second pressure member, respectively.   7. The first flexible member and the second flexible member according to claim 1, wherein the first flexible member and the second flexible member are a hard layer made of a hard material and a soft material made of a material having viscoelastic properties, respectively. A force test device characterized by being a seismic isolation rubber formed by laminating layers.

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