CN110219958A - 一种双差速器三级变速传动系统单元的技术方案 - Google Patents
一种双差速器三级变速传动系统单元的技术方案 Download PDFInfo
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
- B60K17/00—Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles
- B60K17/04—Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles characterised by arrangement, location, or kind of gearing
- B60K17/16—Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles characterised by arrangement, location, or kind of gearing of differential gearing
- B60K17/165—Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles characterised by arrangement, location, or kind of gearing of differential gearing provided between independent half axles
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H37/00—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00
- F16H37/02—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings
- F16H37/06—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings with a plurality of driving or driven shafts; with arrangements for dividing torque between two or more intermediate shafts
- F16H37/08—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings with a plurality of driving or driven shafts; with arrangements for dividing torque between two or more intermediate shafts with differential gearing
- F16H37/0806—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings with a plurality of driving or driven shafts; with arrangements for dividing torque between two or more intermediate shafts with differential gearing with a plurality of driving or driven shafts
- F16H37/0813—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings with a plurality of driving or driven shafts; with arrangements for dividing torque between two or more intermediate shafts with differential gearing with a plurality of driving or driven shafts with only one input shaft
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H37/00—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00
- F16H37/02—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings
- F16H37/06—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings with a plurality of driving or driven shafts; with arrangements for dividing torque between two or more intermediate shafts
- F16H37/08—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings with a plurality of driving or driven shafts; with arrangements for dividing torque between two or more intermediate shafts with differential gearing
- F16H37/0806—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings with a plurality of driving or driven shafts; with arrangements for dividing torque between two or more intermediate shafts with differential gearing with a plurality of driving or driven shafts
- F16H37/0826—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings with a plurality of driving or driven shafts; with arrangements for dividing torque between two or more intermediate shafts with differential gearing with a plurality of driving or driven shafts with only one output shaft
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H2200/00—Transmissions for multiple ratios
- F16H2200/003—Transmissions for multiple ratios characterised by the number of forward speeds
- F16H2200/0039—Transmissions for multiple ratios characterised by the number of forward speeds the gear ratios comprising three forward speeds
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H2200/00—Transmissions for multiple ratios
- F16H2200/003—Transmissions for multiple ratios characterised by the number of forward speeds
- F16H2200/0065—Transmissions for multiple ratios characterised by the number of forward speeds the gear ratios comprising nine forward speeds
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H2200/00—Transmissions for multiple ratios
- F16H2200/20—Transmissions using gears with orbital motion
- F16H2200/203—Transmissions using gears with orbital motion characterised by the engaging friction means not of the freewheel type, e.g. friction clutches or brakes
- F16H2200/2041—Transmissions using gears with orbital motion characterised by the engaging friction means not of the freewheel type, e.g. friction clutches or brakes with four engaging means
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H2200/00—Transmissions for multiple ratios
- F16H2200/20—Transmissions using gears with orbital motion
- F16H2200/203—Transmissions using gears with orbital motion characterised by the engaging friction means not of the freewheel type, e.g. friction clutches or brakes
- F16H2200/2051—Transmissions using gears with orbital motion characterised by the engaging friction means not of the freewheel type, e.g. friction clutches or brakes with eight engaging means
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Abstract
一种双差速器三级变速传动系统单元，由二套差速器、变速主动齿轮、变速从动齿轮、制动器等构成，其特征是：该变速单元含二套差速器，二套差速器的半轴齿轮各自刚性连接不同齿比的变速齿轮及制动器，由制动器的动作来决定由哪副变速齿轮工作或者二副变速齿轮共同工作，这样一组单元可以获得三级变速比,通过二组或以上的该单元组合，可以得到呈指数级增长的调速级数的传动系统。
Description
【背景技术】众所周知，我国无论在汽车生产还是汽车消费方面，都是当之无愧的汽车大国。主流汽车变速方式主要包括：MT、AMT、AT、CVT、DCT，除CVT、AT变速方式外，其它几种变速方式，无论是电脑控制还是手动控制，本质上都是先断开一组啮合的齿轮以切断动力传动，然后再重新让另一组齿轮啮合以产生新的不同传动比的动力传输路径，这样必然会产生一个动力瞬间断开然后瞬间接合的情况，在齿轮重新接合时也会产生较大的冲击力，视调校程度或多或少的会出现车辆顿挫； CVT变速方式依靠钢带或钢链的摩擦力实现动力传输，传动比变化连续均匀但传输力矩受限，且经久之后，钢带或钢链也有可能拉长，使其工作可靠性降低故障率增高；AT变速方式结构复杂，生产成本较高，动力损耗较高。
由于历史原因，国外汽车工业开始较早。目前，以上所述变速传动方式的技术领域基本由国外老牌厂家把持，并已十分成熟，在以上变速传动方式框架内，要想取得突破，想来也是十分困难的。
【发明内容】为绕过传统汽车变速传动方式的技术壁垒，改良换档变速时动力的瞬间断开与接合的情况，简化变速器结构以降低成本，及解决传输力矩受限等，本技术方案设计一种在变速换档时能保持动力不间断的三级变速传动系统单元，既能实现动力的良好传输，又能有更好的变档调速性能。
为解决其技术问题，这里所采用的技术方案是：该变速传动系统单元由二套差速器、变速主动齿轮、变速从动齿轮、制动器等构成，它的特点是：①该变速单元含二套差速器，其中一套动力输入，另一套动力输出；②二套差速器的半轴齿轮各自刚性连接不同齿比的变速齿轮，相同方向的一边为一副共二副，同一副的齿轮相互啮合以传输动力；③二套差速器的半轴齿轮各自刚性连接制动器，相同方向的一边为一副共二副，制动器的动作可以决定由哪副变速齿轮工作或者二副变速齿轮共同工作；④该变速传动系统单元通过二副制动器各自制动及都不制动，可以获得三级变速比。
本技术方案的有益效果是：①因为换档变速的动作由二副制动器相应的制动动作或释放动作实现，没有传动齿轮的断开或重新啮合，所以，除起步离合器动作时之外，在任何换档时，动力始终不会断开，车辆不会有瞬时的动力丢失，当然也不会有瞬时的动力接合，更不存在齿轮换档重新啮合时承受较大的冲击力；②因为换档变速的动作由二副制动器相应的制动动作或释放动作实现，通过对制动或释放的力度和速度的调节，来控制换档变速的快慢，相比传统非CVT变速换档方式，很容易实现档位之间的渐变过渡，从而使得变速器的平顺性能调校更容易；③而相比CVT变速换档方式，因为是各齿轮之间啮合传动，又可以传输较大力矩，使其能更广泛应用；④因为换档变速的动作没有传动齿轮的断开或重新啮合，通过加大制动器的制动力、制动速度和释放速度，也可以使得变速传动系统变得更加敏捷，或者说换档更快；⑤通过对该变速传动系统单元的组合，可以得到呈指数级变化的变速级数，例如2组该单元组合就可实现9级变速，3组该单元组合就可实现27级变速。
【附图说明】下面结合附图和实例对本技术方案进一步说明。
图1是本技术方案的１组单元构成的传动系统图。
图2是本技术方案的2组单元组合构成的传动系统图。
图中：1变速主动齿轮Z1、 2变速从动齿轮Z1’、 3变速主动齿轮Z2、 4变速从动齿轮Z2’、 5制动器A、 6制动器A’、 7制动器B、 8制动器B’、 9动力输入齿轮、 10半轴齿轮A、11半轴齿轮B、 12行星齿轮、 13行星齿轮轴、 14行星齿轮轴座、 15动力输出齿轮、 16离合器。
【具体实施方式】下面介绍由1组双差速器三级变速传动系统单元组成的动力变速传动系统。
参照附图1：在二套差速器的半轴齿轮A 10的一侧的轴上，安装有变速主动齿轮Z11 和变速从动齿轮Z1’2，这两个齿轮相互啮合实现一个传动比，为一副。在二套差速器的半轴齿轮B 11的一侧的轴上，安装有变速主动齿轮Z2 3 和变速从动齿轮Z2’4，这两个齿轮相互啮合实现第二个传动比，为第二副，这副齿轮的传动比与第一副的传动比的值设计不一样。在二套差速器半轴齿轮A 10和半轴齿轮B 11两侧的轴上，各自装有二副制动器，分别是制动器A 5、制动器A’ 6、制动器B 7、制动器B’ 8，在二套差速器各自一侧的为一副，制动器A 5与制动器A’ 6为一副，制动器B 7与制动器B’ 8为一副。动力输入由啮合齿轮传递动力给动力输入齿轮9，当仅由制动器A 5与制动器A’ 6执行制动动作，在二套差速器的半轴齿轮A 10的一侧的轴上的变速主动齿轮Z1 1 和变速从动齿轮Z1’2处于锁定状态，由于差速器的特性，动力由在二套差速器的半轴齿轮B 11的一侧的轴上的变速主动齿轮Z2 3 和变速从动齿轮Z2’4进行传输，此时可实现一个由变速主动齿轮Z2 3 和变速从动齿轮Z2’4决定的传动比。当仅由制动器B 7、制动器B’ 8执行制动动作，在二套差速器的半轴齿轮B 11的一侧的轴上的变速主动齿轮Z2 3 和变速从动齿轮Z2’4处于锁定状态，由于差速器的特性，动力由在二套差速器的半轴齿轮A 10的一侧的轴上的变速主动齿轮Z1 1 和变速从动齿轮Z1’2进行传输，此时实现一个由变速主动齿轮Z1 1 和变速从动齿轮Z1’2决定的传动比，为该传动单元实现的第二种传动比。当二副制动器都不动作，均处于释放状态，动力会由差速器二边的二副传动齿轮变速主动齿轮Z1 1 和变速从动齿轮Z1’2及变速主动齿轮Z23 和变速从动齿轮Z2’4共同传输，此时的传动比由该二副齿轮的传动比共同决定，为该传动单元实现的第三种传动比。以上三级变速，经过第二套差速器上的动力输出齿轮15，将动力传输给负载，或将动力传输给下一组单元，组成9级变速的传动系统（例如附图2）。
Claims (5)
1.一种双差速器三级变速传动系统单元，由二套差速器、变速主动齿轮、变速从动齿轮、制动器等构成，其特征是：该变速单元含二套差速器，二套差速器的半轴齿轮各自刚性连接不同齿比的变速齿轮及制动器，由制动器的动作来决定由哪副变速齿轮工作或者二副变速齿轮共同工作，可以获得三级变速比,通过二组或以上的该单元组合，可以得到呈指数级增长的调速级数。
2.根据权利要求1所述的双差速器三级变速传动系统单元，其特征是：每个单元由二套差速器、变速主动齿轮、变速从动齿轮、制动器等构成，其中一套动力输入，一套动力输出。
3.根据权利要求1所述的双差速器三级变速传动系统单元，其特征是：二套差速器的半轴齿轮各自刚性连接变速齿轮，相同方向的一边为一副共二副，二副齿轮齿比不同从而具有不同的传动比，同一副的齿轮相互啮合以传输动力。
4.根据权利要求1所述的双差速器三级变速传动系统单元，其特征是：二套差速器的半轴齿轮各自刚性连接制动器，相同方向的一边为一副共二副，制动器的动作用于制动同一边的半轴及变速齿轮，由相对一边的变速齿轮工作传递动力，或者二副制动器都不制动处于释放状态而由二副变速齿轮共同工作传递动力，这样一个单元可以分别获得三级传动比。
5.根据权利要求1所述的双差速器三级变速传动系统单元，其特征是：通过二组或以上的该单元组合，例如二组可以获得九级变速，三组可以获得二十七级变速，这样就可以得到呈指数级增长的变速级数。
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2019
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Patent Citations (9)
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR1051460A (fr) * | 1951-12-03 | 1954-01-15 | Dispositif de changement de vitesse mécanique, automatique et continu | |
| US4077278A (en) * | 1975-10-10 | 1978-03-07 | Michel Combastet | Torque converter |
| FR2638801A1 (fr) * | 1988-11-09 | 1990-05-11 | Combastet Michel | Convertisseur de puissance |
| DE19960028A1 (de) * | 1999-12-02 | 2001-06-07 | Frank Hoffmann | Stufenloses Getriebe |
| US7568992B1 (en) * | 2006-12-29 | 2009-08-04 | Fernando Sierra | Self-adjusting positive engagement continuous variable transmission |
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| CN103453089A (zh) * | 2012-06-02 | 2013-12-18 | 赵强国 | 差速无级变速器 |
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Application publication date: 20190910 |