CN110202900A - 一种稳定性好的石塑地板及其制备方法 - Google Patents

一种稳定性好的石塑地板及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN110202900A
CN110202900A CN201910434284.8A CN201910434284A CN110202900A CN 110202900 A CN110202900 A CN 110202900A CN 201910434284 A CN201910434284 A CN 201910434284A CN 110202900 A CN110202900 A CN 110202900A
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pvc
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林生雄
葛斌
蒋石生
何超金
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FUJIAN SIJIA INDUSTRIAL MATERIAL Co Ltd
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Abstract

本发明涉及地板材料技术领域，具体涉及一种稳定性好的石塑地板及其制备方法，所述稳定性好的石塑地板从上到下包括：UV涂层、TPU耐磨层、彩膜、PVC石塑层和PVC止滑膜；所述TPU耐磨层由TPU颗粒进行压延工艺生产得到；所述PVC石塑层包括以下重量份数的原料：PVC‑CPE共混树脂100‑120份，硬脂酸钙5‑10份，硬脂酸锌5‑10份，加工助剂5‑10份，内滑剂1‑3份，外滑剂1‑3份，石粉200‑500份。本发明的有益效果在于：本发明石塑地板更耐磨、耐低温、更加环保、弹性好，脚感舒适度更好，稳定性好。

Description

一种稳定性好的石塑地板及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及地板材料技术领域，具体涉及一种稳定性好的石塑地板及其制备方法。
背景技术
石塑地板因具有防水、耐磨、使用寿命长等特点而深受广大消费者喜爱，一般由PVC(聚氯乙烯)底材层、PVC中间层、装饰层、耐磨PVC层、UV油漆涂装层依次接合而成。而普通石塑地板的耐磨防刮性能较差，安装过程中也需要水泥进行填充拼接，水泥中的微小砂砾残留在缝隙中，长时间使用后，地板表面就容易被砂砾刮花，十分影响美观。
现有大多数的多层复合PVC地板含胶水、重金属、邻笨二甲酸脂、甲醛等有害物质，不符合环保要求，且地板收缩率大，容易翘曲、变形，延展性及韧性差，容易低温脆化，不耐冲击。
发明内容
本发明所要解决的技术问题是：提供一种产品更换简单，耐磨，稳定性好的石塑地板及其制备方法。
为了解决上述技术问题，本发明采用的技术方案为：一种稳定性好的石塑地板，所述石塑地板侧边设置有锁扣结构，所述锁扣结构为凹槽和凸块的配合；
所述石塑地板从上到下包括：UV涂层、TPU耐磨层、彩膜、PVC石塑层和PVC止滑膜；
所述TPU耐磨层由TPU颗粒进行压延工艺生产得到；
所述PVC石塑层包括以下重量份数的原料：PVC-CPE共混树脂100-120份，硬脂酸钙5-10份，硬脂酸锌5-10份，加工助剂5-10份，内滑剂1-3份，外滑剂1-3份，石粉200-500份。
本发明提供的另一技术方案为：提供一种上述的稳定性好的石塑地板的制备方法，包括：
(1)调整压机的温度为135-155℃，从上往下按TPU耐磨层、彩膜、PVC石塑层和PVC止滑膜的层叠结构顺序依次叠料，热压，时间控制在25-40min，压力控制在1.0-6.0MPa，得石塑地板半成品；
(2)所得石塑地板半成品先辊涂底层UV漆，质量控制在6-18g/m2，经过紫外灯管固化后，再辊涂面层UV漆，质量控制在6-18g/m2，经过紫外固化后，进入热水进行回火处理，而后分切并开槽加工锁扣结构，得到稳定性好的石塑地板。
本发明的有益效果在于：锁扣结构使地板在拼接安装时更加便捷，施工中无需使用水泥和胶黏剂，提高室内空气质量；具有TPU耐磨层使本发明石塑地板更耐磨、耐低温、更加环保、弹性好，脚感舒适度更好。本发明PVC石塑层主要原料为共混树脂和石粉，因此地板质量轻且能够阻燃、防潮、防霉；PVC-CPE共混树脂使PVC石塑层具有良好韧性，同时加入大量石粉，使PVC石塑层硬度大大提高、稳定性好。PVC石塑层中的碳酸钙易于吸水膨胀，导致地板翘起，加一层没有碳酸钙的止滑膜不吸水不会引起地板的翘起。
具体实施方式
为详细说明本发明的技术内容、所实现目的及效果，以下结合实施方式予以说明。
本发明提供一种稳定性好的石塑地板，所述石塑地板侧边设置有锁扣结构，所述锁扣结构为凹槽和凸块的配合；
所述石塑地板从上到下包括：UV涂层、TPU耐磨层、彩膜、PVC石塑层和PVC止滑膜；
所述TPU耐磨层由TPU颗粒进行压延工艺生产得到；
所述PVC石塑层包括以下重量份数的原料：PVC-CPE共混树脂100-120份，硬脂酸钙5-10份，硬脂酸锌5-10份，加工助剂5-10份，内滑剂1-3份，外滑剂1-3份，石粉200-500份。
优选的，上述的稳定性好的石塑地板中，所述彩膜由以下重量份的原料制备而成：PVC 97-98份，碳酸钙1-2份，稳定剂0.5-1份，加工助剂0.5-1份。
优选的，上述的稳定性好的石塑地板中，所述PVC止滑膜为邵氏A硬度为40-70度的高弹性PVC膜。
本发明的另一技术方案为提供一种上述的稳定性好的石塑地板的制备方法，包括：
(1)调整压机的温度为135-155℃，从上往下按TPU耐磨层、彩膜、PVC石塑层和PVC止滑膜的层叠结构顺序依次叠料，热压，时间控制在25-40min，压力控制在1.0-6.0MPa，得石塑地板半成品；
(2)所得石塑地板半成品先辊涂底层UV漆，质量控制在6-18g/m2，经过紫外灯管固化后，再辊涂面层UV漆，质量控制在6-18g/m2，经过紫外固化后，进入热水进行回火处理，而后分切并开槽加工锁扣结构，得到稳定性好的石塑地板；
优选的，上述稳定性好的石塑地板的制备方法中，所述PVC石塑层的制备流程包括如下步骤：
①将PVC石塑层的原料加入高速混合机并控制温度进行热混合；
②控制高速混合机降低温度进行冷混合，使物料降温；
③将混合降温后的原料输送至储料罐；
④储料罐内原料分批次加入双螺杆挤出机，进行加热挤出；
⑤挤出后的原料进入片材摸头挤出成型；
⑥成型的片材经过四辊机进行定厚；
⑧最后将定厚的片材进行冷却并裁剪。
优选的，上述稳定性好的石塑地板的制备方法中，所述PVC石塑层的制备流程中热混合的温度为110-135℃。高速混合机热混合温度为110-135℃时，原料混合效果较好。
优选的，上述稳定性好的石塑地板的制备方法中，所述PVC石塑层的制备流程中冷混合的温度为35-60℃。高速混合机冷混合温度为35-60℃时，原料不会结块和变色。
实施例一
一种稳定性好的石塑地板，所述石塑地板侧边设置有锁扣结构，所述锁扣结构为凹槽和凸块的配合；
所述石塑地板从上到下包括：UV涂层、TPU耐磨层、彩膜、PVC石塑层和PVC止滑膜；
所述TPU耐磨层由TPU颗粒进行压延工艺生产得到；
所述PVC石塑层包括以下重量份数的原料：PVC-CPE共混树脂100份，硬脂酸钙5份，硬脂酸锌5份，加工助剂5份，内滑剂1份，外滑剂1份，石粉(重质碳酸钙)200份。
所述彩膜由以下重量份的原料制备而成：PVC 97份，碳酸钙1份，稳定剂0.5份，加工助剂0.5份。
实施例二
一种稳定性好的石塑地板，所述石塑地板侧边设置有锁扣结构，所述锁扣结构为凹槽和凸块的配合；
所述石塑地板从上到下包括：UV涂层、TPU耐磨层、彩膜、PVC石塑层和PVC止滑膜；
所述TPU耐磨层由TPU颗粒进行压延工艺生产得到；
所述PVC石塑层包括以下重量份数的原料：PVC-CPE共混树脂110份，硬脂酸钙7份，硬脂酸锌7份，加工助剂7份，内滑剂2份，外滑剂2份，石粉300份。
所述彩膜由以下重量份的原料制备而成：PVC 97份，碳酸钙2份，稳定剂1份，加工助剂0.7份。
实施例三
一种稳定性好的石塑地板，所述石塑地板侧边设置有锁扣结构，所述锁扣结构为凹槽和凸块的配合；
所述石塑地板从上到下包括：UV涂层、TPU耐磨层、彩膜、PVC石塑层和PVC止滑膜；
所述TPU耐磨层由TPU颗粒进行压延工艺生产得到；
所述PVC石塑层包括以下重量份数的原料：PVC-CPE共混树脂120份，硬脂酸钙10份，硬脂酸锌10份，加工助剂10份，内滑剂3份，外滑剂3份，石粉500份。
所述彩膜由以下重量份的原料制备而成：PVC 98份，碳酸钙2份，稳定剂1份，加工助剂1份。
上述稳定性好的石塑地板的制备方法，包括如下步骤：
(1)调整压机的温度为135-155℃，从上往下按TPU耐磨层、彩膜、PVC石塑层和PVC止滑膜的层叠结构顺序依次叠料，热压，时间控制在25-40min，压力控制在1.0-6.0MPa，得石塑地板半成品；
(2)UV、热处理处理：压机完成后的悬浮地板半成品首先辊涂底层UV漆，质量控制在6-18g/m2，经过紫外灯管固化后，再辊涂面层UV漆，质量控制在6-18g/m2，经过紫外固化后，进入热水进行回火处理；
(3)静置：恒温房保证静置时间不低于72h；
冲切：地板整齐地堆放在托盘上，根据规格要求在室温下进行冲切；
产品性能检测：对成品的24h静载凹痕、残余凹痕、尺寸稳定性、热膨胀系数、烟密度、柔韧性、地板背面静摩擦系数等进行合格性检测。
上述稳定性好的石塑地板用于地板铺设过程中直接装在平整的水泥地面上，无需进行胶黏剂的粘合以锁扣的方式进行连接。
上述TPU耐磨层为以下压延生产工艺生产得到：
(1)原料配方：TPU颗粒，聚醚或聚酯型，硬度75-95A，透明级。
(2)工艺流程：称取一定量的TPU颗粒(100％)，在密炼机塑化，时间4-6min，料成团后卸料，到1#、2#轧轮机进一步塑化，轧轮机温度130-160℃，经过滤挤出送到四辊，挤出机温度140-160℃，通过调节四辊间距得到相应所需的厚度，四辊温度在160-190℃，再经过引离、压花、冷却、收卷得到所需的TPU耐磨层。
所述PVC石塑层的制备流程包括：
①将PVC石塑层的原料加入高速混合机并控制温度进行热混合，热混合的温度为110-135℃；
②控制高速混合机降低温度进行冷混合，冷混合的温度为35-60℃，使物料降温；
③将混合降温后的原料输送至储料罐；
④储料罐内原料分批次加入双螺杆挤出机，进行加热挤出；
⑤挤出后的原料进入片材摸头挤出成型；
⑥成型的片材经过四辊机进行定厚；
⑧最后将定厚的片材进行冷却并裁剪。
上述稳定性好的石塑地板的制备方法的有益效果：
锁扣结构使地板在拼接安装时更加便捷，施工中无需使用水泥和胶黏剂，提高室内空气质量；
采用纯TPU耐磨层的优势，TPU不含增塑剂，比PVC更加环保，且耐磨性能大大提高，大概是PVC的5-10倍，耐低温性能更佳，可以达到-40℃。
本发明PVC石塑层主要原料为共混树脂和石粉，因此地板质量轻且能够阻燃、防潮、防霉；PVC-CPE共混树脂使PVC石塑层具有良好韧性，同时加入大量石粉，使PVC石塑层硬度大大提高、稳定性好。PVC石塑层中的碳酸钙易于吸水膨胀，导致地板翘起，加一层没有碳酸钙的止滑膜不吸水不会引起地板的翘起。
本发明所得稳定性好的石塑地板的制备方法具有加热收缩率小的优势，对上述产品进行检测，数据见表1，80℃加热6个小时后，冷却至室温后测量，尺寸变化率最低仅为0.032％，耐刮强度最高达到11。
表1
以上所述仅为本发明的实施例，并非因此限制本发明的专利范围，凡是利用本发明说明书内容所作的等同变换，或直接或间接运用在相关的技术领域，均同理包括在本发明的专利保护范围内。

Claims (7)

1.一种稳定性好的石塑地板，其特征在于，所述石塑地板侧边设置有锁扣结构，所述锁扣结构为凹槽和凸块的配合；
所述石塑地板从上到下包括：UV涂层、TPU耐磨层、彩膜、PVC石塑层和PVC止滑膜；
所述TPU耐磨层由TPU颗粒进行压延工艺生产得到；
所述PVC石塑层包括以下重量份数的原料：PVC-CPE共混树脂100-120份，硬脂酸钙5-10份，硬脂酸锌5-10份，加工助剂5-10份，内滑剂1-3份，外滑剂1-3份，石粉200-500份。
2.根据权利要求1所述稳定性好的石塑地板，其特征在于，所述彩膜由以下重量份的原料制备而成：PVC 97-98份，碳酸钙1-2份，稳定剂0.5-1份，加工助剂0.5-1份。
3.根据权利要求1所述稳定性好的石塑地板，其特征在于，所述PVC止滑膜为邵氏A硬度为40-70度的高弹性PVC膜。
4.一种权利要求1所述的稳定性好的石塑地板的制备方法，其特征在于，包括：
(1)调整压机的温度为135-155℃，从上往下按TPU耐磨层、彩膜、PVC石塑层和PVC止滑膜的层叠结构顺序依次叠料，热压，时间控制在25-40min，压力控制在1.0-6.0MPa，得石塑地板半成品；
(2)所得石塑地板半成品先辊涂底层UV漆，质量控制在6-18g/m2，经过紫外灯管固化后，再辊涂面层UV漆，质量控制在6-18g/m2，经过紫外固化后，进入热水进行回火处理，而后分切并开槽加工锁扣结构，得到稳定性好的石塑地板。
5.根据权利要求4所述稳定性好的石塑地板的制备方法，所述PVC石塑层的制备流程包括如下步骤：
①将PVC石塑层的原料加入高速混合机并控制温度进行热混合；
②控制高速混合机降低温度进行冷混合，使物料降温；
③将混合降温后的原料输送至储料罐；
④储料罐内原料分批次加入双螺杆挤出机，进行加热挤出；
⑤挤出后的原料进入片材摸头挤出成型；
⑥成型的片材经过四辊机进行定厚；
⑧最后将定厚的片材进行冷却并裁剪。
6.根据权利要求4所述稳定性好的石塑地板的制备方法，其特征在于，所述PVC石塑层的制备流程中热混合的温度为110-135℃。
7.根据权利要求4所述稳定性好的石塑地板的制备方法，其特征在于，所述PVC石塑层的制备流程中冷混合的温度为35-60℃。
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