CN110201454A - 一种复合高效空气过滤材料 - Google Patents

一种复合高效空气过滤材料 Download PDF

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CN110201454A
CN110201454A CN201910438114.7A CN201910438114A CN110201454A CN 110201454 A CN110201454 A CN 110201454A CN 201910438114 A CN201910438114 A CN 201910438114A CN 110201454 A CN110201454 A CN 110201454A
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filter layer
carbon fiber
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highly effective
effective air
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蒋秋冉
沈娟丽
杨季
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Suzhou Xinyuzhuo New Material Technology Co Ltd
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种复合高效空气过滤材料，包括过滤面层、熔喷过滤层和织造过滤层；织造过滤层、熔喷过滤层和过滤面层从内向外层叠设置；过滤面层由碳纤维包芯纱采用平纹组织经纬编织而成；碳纤维包芯纱为36D；熔喷过滤层包括丙纶网孔布和熔喷在丙纶网孔布的非织造过滤层；丙纶网孔布由丙纶纱线采用纱罗组织编织而成的机织网孔布；非织造过滤层由熔喷后的聚丙烯纤维交织而成；织造过滤层为纬编网格织物；织造过滤层采用细旦聚丙烯纱线编织而成。本发明结构合理，采用多层层叠复合结构，将过滤面层、熔喷过滤层和织造过滤层有机结合，形成滤阻小，过滤效率高，结构稳定性好，易清理，使用寿命长的高效空气过滤材料。

Description

一种复合高效空气过滤材料
技术领域
本发明涉及纺织领域，尤其涉及一种复合高效空气过滤材料。
背景技术
由于我国环境污染的加剧，近年来各大城市不断出现沙尘暴和雾霾等天气，极大地威胁着人们的健康。人们对空气质量要求的不断提高，一系列严格的环保法规的颁布与实施，使空气过滤成为世界过滤市场中增长最快的部分；同时随着国内外高技术产业的发展需要，空气过滤设备的应用领域正加速发展，作为过滤设备核心的过滤材料，其研究和开发也得到了空前的重视。
空气过滤材料主要分为织造过滤材料和非织造过滤材料。织造过滤材料具有高强力、好的尺寸稳定性、高耐磨性、好的重复使用性、易清灰、孔隙大小可控等优点，但是织造过滤材料不易拦截尺寸较小的颗粒，只能拦截一些稍大颗粒。而非织造过滤材料具有孔径小、孔径分布均匀、比表面积大等优点，但是存在强度差、耐磨性差，不易清理等缺点。因此，需求一种综合性能优异的复合型空气过滤材料。
发明内容
为解决上述技术问题，本发明提供了一种复合高效空气过滤材料，针对现有技术中的不足，采用层叠复合结构，将织造过滤材料和非织造过滤材料有效结合，解决了现有的空气材料采用单一的织造过滤材料或非织造过滤材料，综合性能不理想的问题。
为达到上述目的，本发明的技术方案如下：一种复合高效空气过滤材料，包括过滤面层、熔喷过滤层和织造过滤层；所述织造过滤层、熔喷过滤层和过滤面层从内向外层叠设置；所述过滤面层由碳纤维包芯纱采用平纹组织经纬编织而成；所述碳纤维包芯纱为36D；所述碳纤维包芯纱包括碳纤维中心束和活性炭纤维包覆层；所述碳纤维中心束由50-120根碳纤维单丝并股而成；所述活性炭纤维包覆层由活性炭纤维螺旋包覆在所述碳纤维中心束外；所述熔喷过滤层包括丙纶网孔布和熔喷在所述丙纶网孔布的非织造过滤层；所述丙纶网孔布由丙纶纱线采用纱罗组织编织而成的机织网孔布；所述非织造过滤层由熔喷后的聚丙烯纤维交织而成；所述织造过滤层为纬编网格织物，采用双轴向纬编组织通过衬经和衬纬形成三维立体的网孔结构；所述织造过滤层采用细旦聚丙烯纱线编织而成。
作为本发明的一种优选方案，所述过滤面层的经密为46-58根/cm，所述过滤面层的纬密为43-52根/cm。
作为本发明的一种优选方案，所述碳纤维中心束表面涂覆有拒水拒油涂层。
作为本发明的一种优选方案，所述过滤面层、熔喷过滤层和织造过滤层通过细旦锦纶丝缝合进行复合。
作为本发明的一种优选方案，所述碳纤维包芯纱通过涡流纺纺纱而成。
作为本发明的一种优选方案，熔喷的所述聚丙烯纤维的直径为1.4-3μm。
作为本发明的一种优选方案，所述非织造过滤层的厚度为0.08-0.15mm。
作为本发明的一种优选方案，所述非织造过滤层的面密度为4-6g/m2。
作为本发明的一种优选方案，所述织造过滤层织造完成后通过茶多酚整理液进行抗菌整理。
通过上述技术方案，本发明技术方案的有益效果是：本发明结构合理，采用多层层叠复合结构，将过滤面层、熔喷过滤层和织造过滤层有机结合，形成滤阻小，过滤效率高，结构稳定性好，易清理，使用寿命长的高效空气过滤材料。本发明的过滤面层由碳纤维包芯纱采用平纹组织经纬编织而成，碳纤维包芯纱将碳纤维中心束和活性炭纤维包覆层有效结合，通过结构强度高，稳定性好的碳纤维中心束作为芯层，以滤阻、滤损小、吸附容量大、易清理的活性炭纤维包覆层作为皮层，使过滤面层具有良好的吸附和过滤性能，抗菌性能好，结构稳定，滤阻小，使用寿命长；而熔喷过滤层采用丙纶网孔布作为纤网，强度好，以非织造过滤层作为功能层，能够有效过滤PM2.5的粉尘，过滤精度高，由于熔喷过滤层位于中间层，风压冲击适宜，本发明非织造过滤层的厚度薄，有效保证了过滤效率，降低滤阻；织造过滤层内部形成具有微小孔隙的纤维三维网状结构，尘粒必须沿着织造过滤层内部曲折网状路径进行过滤，能够与纤维有效发生碰撞而被截留，通过对尘粒进行拦截、惯性、扩散和筛滤等各种效应的表面和内部分离，有效拦截比织造过滤层孔径更小的尘粒，具有滤阻小、透气性能好，容尘量大，尺寸稳定性好，过滤效率稳定，易清洗，使用寿命长。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本发明实施例，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。
实施例
本发明公开了一种复合高效空气过滤材料，作为一种新型的复合型过滤材料，用于空气过滤，包括过滤面层、熔喷过滤层和织造过滤层。所述织造过滤层、熔喷过滤层和过滤面层从内向外层叠设置。为了不影响本发明的滤阻和过滤效率，所述过滤面层、熔喷过滤层和织造过滤层通过细旦锦纶丝缝合进行复合。所述过滤面层由碳纤维包芯纱采用平纹组织经纬编织而成。采用高密编织，优选的，所述过滤面层的经密为46-58根/cm，所述过滤面层的纬密为43-52根/cm。所述碳纤维包芯纱为36D。所述碳纤维包芯纱包括碳纤维中心束和活性炭纤维包覆层。具体的，所述碳纤维包芯纱可以通过涡流纺纺纱而成。所述碳纤维中心束由50-120根碳纤维单丝并股而成。所述活性炭纤维包覆层由活性炭纤维螺旋包覆在所述碳纤维中心束外。所述熔喷过滤层包括丙纶网孔布和熔喷在所述丙纶网孔布的非织造过滤层。所述丙纶网孔布由丙纶纱线采用纱罗组织编织而成的机织网孔布。所述非织造过滤层由熔喷后的聚丙烯纤维交织而成。所述织造过滤层为纬编网格织物，采用双轴向纬编组织通过衬经和衬纬形成三维立体的网孔结构；所述织造过滤层采用细旦聚丙烯纱线编织而成。
为了便于本发明表面脱尘，提高容尘量，所述碳纤维中心束表面涂覆有拒水拒油涂层。
为了保证本发明良好的过滤效率，所述非织造过滤层的厚度为0.08-0.15mm。为了提高本发明的过滤精度，熔喷的所述聚丙烯纤维的直径为1.4-3μm，并且所述非织造过滤层的面密度优选为4-6g/m2。
为了提高本发明的抗菌性能，所述织造过滤层织造完成后通过茶多酚整理液进行抗菌整理。
通过上述技术方案，本发明技术方案的有益效果是：本发明结构合理，采用多层层叠复合结构，将过滤面层、熔喷过滤层和织造过滤层有机结合，形成滤阻小，过滤效率高，结构稳定性好，易清理，使用寿命长的高效空气过滤材料。本发明的过滤面层由碳纤维包芯纱采用平纹组织经纬编织而成，碳纤维包芯纱将碳纤维中心束和活性炭纤维包覆层有效结合，通过结构强度高，稳定性好的碳纤维中心束作为芯层，以滤阻、滤损小、吸附容量大、易清理的活性炭纤维包覆层作为皮层，使过滤面层具有良好的吸附和过滤性能，抗菌性能好，结构稳定，滤阻小，使用寿命长；而熔喷过滤层采用丙纶网孔布作为纤网，强度好，以非织造过滤层作为功能层，能够有效过滤PM2.5的粉尘，过滤精度高，由于熔喷过滤层位于中间层，风压冲击适宜，本发明非织造过滤层的厚度薄，有效保证了过滤效率，降低滤阻；织造过滤层内部形成具有微小孔隙的纤维三维网状结构，尘粒必须沿着织造过滤层内部曲折网状路径进行过滤，能够与纤维有效发生碰撞而被截留，通过对尘粒进行拦截、惯性、扩散和筛滤等各种效应的表面和内部分离，有效拦截比织造过滤层孔径更小的尘粒，具有滤阻小、透气性能好，容尘量大，尺寸稳定性好，过滤效率稳定，易清洗，使用寿命长。
对所公开的实施例的上述说明，使本领域专业技术人员能够实现或使用本发明。对这些实施例的多种修改对本领域的专业技术人员来说将是显而易见的，本文中所定义的一般原理可以在不脱离本发明的精神或范围的情况下，在其它实施例中实现。因此，本发明将不会被限制于本文所示的这些实施例，而是要符合与本文所公开的原理和新颖特点相一致的最宽的范围。

Claims (9)

1.一种复合高效空气过滤材料，其特征在于，包括过滤面层、熔喷过滤层和织造过滤层；所述织造过滤层、熔喷过滤层和过滤面层从内向外层叠设置；所述过滤面层由碳纤维包芯纱采用平纹组织经纬编织而成；所述碳纤维包芯纱为36D；所述碳纤维包芯纱包括碳纤维中心束和活性炭纤维包覆层；所述碳纤维中心束由50-120根碳纤维单丝并股而成；所述活性炭纤维包覆层由活性炭纤维螺旋包覆在所述碳纤维中心束外；所述熔喷过滤层包括丙纶网孔布和熔喷在所述丙纶网孔布的非织造过滤层；所述丙纶网孔布由丙纶纱线采用纱罗组织编织而成的机织网孔布；所述非织造过滤层由熔喷后的聚丙烯纤维交织而成；所述织造过滤层为纬编网格织物，采用双轴向纬编组织通过衬经和衬纬形成三维立体的网孔结构；所述织造过滤层采用细旦聚丙烯纱线编织而成。
2.根据权利要求1所述的复合高效空气过滤材料，其特征在于，所述过滤面层的经密为46-58根/cm，所述过滤面层的纬密为43-52根/cm。
3.根据权利要求1所述的复合高效空气过滤材料，其特征在于，所述碳纤维中心束表面涂覆有拒水拒油涂层。
4.根据权利要求3所述的复合高效空气过滤材料，其特征在于，所述过滤面层、熔喷过滤层和织造过滤层通过细旦锦纶丝缝合进行复合。
5.根据权利要求4所述的复合高效空气过滤材料，其特征在于，所述碳纤维包芯纱通过涡流纺纺纱而成。
6.根据权利要求5所述的复合高效空气过滤材料，其特征在于，熔喷的所述聚丙烯纤维的直径为1.4-3μm。
7.根据权利要求6所述的复合高效空气过滤材料，其特征在于，所述非织造过滤层的厚度为0.08-0.15mm。
8.根据权利要求6所述的复合高效空气过滤材料，其特征在于，所述非织造过滤层的面密度为4-6g/m2。
9.根据权利要求6所述的复合高效空气过滤材料，其特征在于，所述织造过滤层织造完成后通过茶多酚整理液进行抗菌整理。
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