CN110180623B - Neodymium iron boron powder processing method - Google Patents
Neodymium iron boron powder processing method Download PDFInfo
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- CN110180623B CN110180623B CN201910498371.XA CN201910498371A CN110180623B CN 110180623 B CN110180623 B CN 110180623B CN 201910498371 A CN201910498371 A CN 201910498371A CN 110180623 B CN110180623 B CN 110180623B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C4/00—Crushing or disintegrating by roller mills
- B02C4/02—Crushing or disintegrating by roller mills with two or more rollers
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C4/00—Crushing or disintegrating by roller mills
- B02C4/28—Details
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C4/00—Crushing or disintegrating by roller mills
- B02C4/28—Details
- B02C4/42—Driving mechanisms; Roller speed control
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03C1/00—Magnetic separation
- B03C1/02—Magnetic separation acting directly on the substance being separated
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F9/00—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof
- B22F9/02—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes
- B22F9/023—Hydrogen absorption
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F1/00—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties
- H01F1/01—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials
- H01F1/03—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity
- H01F1/032—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of hard-magnetic materials
- H01F1/04—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of hard-magnetic materials metals or alloys
- H01F1/047—Alloys characterised by their composition
- H01F1/053—Alloys characterised by their composition containing rare earth metals
- H01F1/055—Alloys characterised by their composition containing rare earth metals and magnetic transition metals, e.g. SmCo5
- H01F1/057—Alloys characterised by their composition containing rare earth metals and magnetic transition metals, e.g. SmCo5 and IIIa elements, e.g. Nd2Fe14B
- H01F1/0571—Alloys characterised by their composition containing rare earth metals and magnetic transition metals, e.g. SmCo5 and IIIa elements, e.g. Nd2Fe14B in the form of particles, e.g. rapid quenched powders or ribbon flakes
- H01F1/0573—Alloys characterised by their composition containing rare earth metals and magnetic transition metals, e.g. SmCo5 and IIIa elements, e.g. Nd2Fe14B in the form of particles, e.g. rapid quenched powders or ribbon flakes obtained by reduction or by hydrogen decrepitation or embrittlement
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F41/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing or assembling magnets, inductances or transformers; Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing materials characterised by their magnetic properties
- H01F41/02—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing or assembling magnets, inductances or transformers; Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing materials characterised by their magnetic properties for manufacturing cores, coils, or magnets
- H01F41/0253—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing or assembling magnets, inductances or transformers; Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing materials characterised by their magnetic properties for manufacturing cores, coils, or magnets for manufacturing permanent magnets
Abstract
The invention discloses a neodymium iron boron powder processing method, which comprises the following steps: raw material preparation and pretreatment: weighing, crushing, cutting and derusting the raw materials by using a steel bar cutting machine and a roller polishing machine; smelting: smelting the pretreated raw materials by using a vacuum smelting furnace to prepare neodymium iron boron alloy; hydrogen explosion, namely performing hydrogen explosion on the smelted neodymium iron boron alloy by using a vacuum hydrogen treatment furnace, and pulverizing: crushing the neodymium iron boron alloy fragments subjected to hydrogen explosion into powder by using a magnet crusher; the method is simple to implement, and can clean the residual magnetic powder in the crusher after the crushing of the magnetic crusher is finished, so that the magnetic powder is prevented from being left in the crusher for a long time to be oxidized to pollute the magnetic powder processed next time.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of neodymium iron boron powder processing, and particularly relates to a neodymium iron boron powder processing method.
Background
The neodymium iron boron magnet is used as a third-generation rare earth permanent magnet material and has a high cost performance ratio, the neodymium iron boron magnet is widely applied to industries such as energy, transportation, machinery, medical treatment, IT, household appliances and the like, the neodymium iron boron magnet is firstly crushed into powder before preparation, but the traditional iron boron powder processing method can leave the magnet powder in the crusher, so that the residual magnet powder is oxidized in the crusher to pollute the next processed magnetic powder.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a neodymium iron boron powder processing method which can avoid magnet powder from remaining in a crusher to be oxidized so as to avoid polluting magnetic powder processed next time, aiming at overcoming the defects of the prior art.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: a neodymium iron boron powder processing method comprises the following steps:
a. raw material preparation and pretreatment: weighing, crushing, cutting and derusting the raw materials by using a steel bar cutting machine and a roller polishing machine;
b. smelting: smelting the pretreated raw materials by using a vacuum smelting furnace to prepare neodymium iron boron alloy;
c. hydrogen explosion; performing hydrogen explosion on the smelted neodymium iron boron alloy by using a vacuum hydrogen treatment furnace;
d. milling: crushing the neodymium iron boron alloy fragments subjected to hydrogen explosion into powder by using a magnet crusher;
the magnet crusher in the step d comprises a base, a base space arranged in the base, a first rotating shaft rotatably arranged on the left end wall and the right end wall of the base space, a first crushing roller fixedly arranged on the outer surface of the first rotating shaft, a second rotating shaft rotatably arranged on the left end wall and the right end wall of the base space, a second crushing roller fixedly arranged on the outer surface of the second rotating shaft, a first belt wheel fixedly arranged on the outer surface of the first rotating shaft, a second belt wheel fixedly arranged on the outer surface of the second rotating shaft, a first conveying belt in transmission connection between the first belt wheel and the second belt wheel, a first driving piece fixedly arranged on the right end surface of the base and connected with the second rotating shaft, a cleaning device arranged in the base space and a blanking device arranged on the upper surface of the base; the blanking device comprises a support rod fixedly arranged on the rear end surface of the machine base and a material storage shell fixedly arranged at the upper end of the support rod;
utilize the magnet crusher to carry out broken step to neodymium iron boron alloy piece as follows, first driving piece starts, first driving piece drives the second crushing roller rotatory, it is rotatory that the second crushing roller drives the second band pulley simultaneously, the second band pulley drives first band pulley rotatory, first band pulley drives first crushing roller rotatory, first band pulley starts unloader, the neodymium iron boron alloy piece that will place in unloader pours into the frame into, utilize first crushing roller and second crushing roller to break into the magnet magnetic with neodymium iron boron alloy piece, broken back cleaning device that finishes starts, it cleans to the magnetic that remains in the frame space.
The smelting operation is to mix the preprocessed raw materials of praseodymium-neodymium, pure iron and ferroboron, add the mixture into a vacuum smelting furnace, and then carry out high-temperature smelting.
The hydrogen explosion operation is to place the neodymium-iron-boron alloy in a vacuum hydrogen treatment furnace, and hydrogen enters the alloy along the neodymium-rich phase thin layer.
The temperature of the vacuum melting furnace is 800-1000 ℃ when high-temperature melting is carried out.
The blanking device comprises a material storage space arranged in the material storage shell and provided with an upward opening, a discharge hole arranged on the front end wall of the material storage shell, a first transmission shaft arranged on the left end wall of the material storage shell in a rotating mode, a first vertical plate fixedly arranged on the outer surface of the first transmission shaft, a second vertical plate fixedly arranged on the right end surface of the first vertical plate, a fifth vertical plate fixedly arranged on the right end surface of the second vertical plate, a connecting shell, a gear space arranged in the connecting shell, a first gear rotatably arranged at the left end of the first transmission shaft, a stroke plate fixedly arranged on the rear end wall of the gear space, a stroke rack, a compression shell fixedly arranged on the front end wall of the gear space, a compression space arranged in the compression shell, a piston arranged in the compression space, a piston fixedly arranged at the rear end of the piston and connected with the front end surface of the stroke rack, and a transmission hole arranged on the left end, The blanking device comprises a third transmission shaft, an intermittent gear, a third belt wheel, a fourth belt wheel, a second conveying belt, a first blanking shell, a first shell space, two second blanking shells, a second shell space and a plurality of first sharp corners, wherein the third transmission shaft is rotatably arranged in a transmission hole, the intermittent gear is fixedly arranged at the right end of the third transmission shaft and is matched with a stroke rack;
the step of pouring magnet into the frame and carrying out the breakage is as follows, first driving piece starts, first driving piece drives the rotation of second crushing roller, the second crushing roller drives the rotation of second band pulley, the second band pulley drives first band pulley rotatory, first band pulley drives the rotation of fourth band pulley, the fourth band pulley drives the rotation of third band pulley, the third band pulley drives intermittent gear rotatory, intermittent gear drives the left and right sides of stroke rack and removes, the stroke rack drives first gear rotatory, first gear drives first riser ninety degrees of down-rotation, the piston moves backward and resets the stroke rack, pour magnet in the storage space into the frame, utilize the rotation of first crushing roller and second crushing roller to break magnet into likepowder.
The cleaning device comprises four special racks fixedly arranged on the inner wall of the machine base space, two vertical plates fixedly arranged on each end wall of the machine base space respectively, a first rotating gear movably arranged between the two vertical plates and meshed with the special racks, a third vertical plate fixedly arranged on each end surface of the machine base respectively, a limiting groove arranged on the third vertical plate, a limiting plate arranged on the limiting groove, a special rack fixedly arranged at the upper end of the limiting plate and meshed with the first rotating gear, a matching shell, a matching space arranged in the matching shell, a rotating shaft rotatably arranged on the lower end wall of the matching space, a second rotating gear fixedly arranged on the outer surface of the rotating shaft and meshed with the special rack, a limiting shaft fixedly arranged on the lower end surface of the first rotating gear, a first electromagnet fixedly arranged on the lower end surface of the first rotating gear, and a second electromagnet sleeved on the outer surface of the limiting shaft, The tension spring is fixedly arranged between the first electromagnet and the second electromagnet, the four round holes are arranged on the lower end wall of the base space, and the blanking hole is arranged on the lower end wall of the base space;
the step that the frame space carries out cleanness after broken processing is as follows, attract first electro-magnet and second electro-magnet mutually through magnetic force after the circular telegram, remove through the removal of special rack and drive first rotary gear rotation and back-and-forth movement, first rotary gear drives second electro-magnet rotation and back-and-forth movement, thereby clear up the inner wall in frame space, on the magnet powder adhesion to the second electro-magnet on the inner wall, cut off the power supply after the clearance finishes, second electro-magnet and magnet powder can drop in the round hole, fall in the collection box from the round hole.
In conclusion, the method has the advantages that the method is simple to implement, and can clean the residual magnetic powder in the crusher after the crushing of the magnetic crusher is finished, so that the magnetic powder is prevented from being left in the crusher for a long time and being oxidized to pollute the magnetic powder processed next time.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a perspective view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a front view of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a top view of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken at A-A of FIG. 3;
FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional perspective view at B-B of FIG. 3;
FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional perspective view at C-C of FIG. 3;
FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view taken at C-C of FIG. 3;
FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional perspective view taken at D-D of FIG. 3;
FIG. 9 is a perspective view, cut away at E-E, of FIG. 3;
fig. 10 is a partial enlarged view of fig. 9 at F.
Detailed Description
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: a neodymium iron boron powder processing method comprises the following steps:
a. raw material preparation and pretreatment: weighing, crushing, cutting and derusting the raw materials by using a steel bar cutting machine and a roller polishing machine;
b. smelting: smelting the pretreated raw materials by using a vacuum smelting furnace to prepare neodymium iron boron alloy;
c. hydrogen explosion; and (4) performing hydrogen explosion on the smelted neodymium-iron-boron alloy by using a vacuum hydrogen treatment furnace.
d. Milling: crushing the neodymium iron boron alloy fragments subjected to hydrogen explosion into powder by using a magnet crusher;
the smelting operation is to mix the preprocessed raw materials of praseodymium-neodymium, pure iron and ferroboron, add the mixture into a vacuum smelting furnace, and then carry out high-temperature smelting.
The hydrogen explosion operation is to place the neodymium-iron-boron alloy in a vacuum hydrogen treatment furnace, and hydrogen enters the alloy along a neodymium-rich phase thin layer to expand, explode and break the alloy.
The temperature of the vacuum melting furnace is 800-1000 ℃ when high-temperature melting is carried out.
As shown in fig. 1 to 10, the magnet crusher in step d comprises a frame 1, a frame space disposed in the frame 1, a first rotating shaft 2 rotatably disposed on the left and right end walls of the frame space, a first crushing roller 3 fixedly disposed on the outer surface of the first rotating shaft 2, a second rotating shaft 4 rotatably disposed on the left and right end walls of the frame space, a second crushing roller 5 fixedly disposed on the outer surface of the second rotating shaft 4, a first belt pulley 6 fixedly disposed on the outer surface of the first rotating shaft 2, a second belt pulley 7 fixedly disposed on the outer surface of the second rotating shaft 4, a first belt conveyor 8 drivingly connected between the first belt pulley 6 and the second belt pulley 7, a first driving member 9 fixedly disposed on the right end surface of the frame 1 and connected to the second rotating shaft 4, a cleaning device disposed in the frame space, and a blanking device disposed on the upper surface of the frame; the blanking device comprises a support rod 10 fixedly arranged on the rear end face of the machine base 1, a storage shell 11 fixedly arranged on the upper end of the support rod 10, a storage space arranged in the storage shell 11 and provided with an upward opening, a discharge hole arranged on the front end wall of the storage shell, a first transmission shaft 12 rotatably arranged on the left end wall of the storage shell 11, a first vertical plate 13 fixedly arranged on the outer surface of the first transmission shaft 12, a second vertical plate 14 fixedly arranged on the right end face of the first vertical plate 13, a fifth vertical plate 15 fixedly arranged on the right end face of the second vertical plate 14, a first connecting plate 16 fixedly arranged on the upper surface of the machine base 1, a connecting shell 17 fixedly arranged on the upper end of the first connecting plate 16, a gear space arranged in the connecting shell 17, a first gear 18 rotatably arranged on the left end of the first transmission shaft 12, a stroke plate 23 fixedly arranged on the rear end wall of the gear space, a T-shaped stroke groove arranged on the lower surface of, A T-shaped limit block 25 which is arranged in the T-shaped stroke groove in a back-and-forth moving way, a stroke rack 26 which is fixedly arranged on the lower surface of the T-shaped limit block 25, a compression shell 100 which is fixedly arranged on the front end wall of the gear space, a compression space which is arranged in the compression shell 100, a piston 101 which is arranged in the compression space, a piston rod 102 which is fixedly arranged at the rear end of the piston 101 and is connected with the front end surface of the stroke rack 26, a transmission hole which is arranged on the left end wall of the gear space, a third transmission shaft 28 which is rotatably arranged in the transmission hole 27, an intermittent gear 29 which is fixedly arranged at the right end of the third transmission shaft 28 and is matched with the stroke rack 26, a third belt pulley 30 which is fixedly arranged at the left end of the third transmission shaft 28, a fourth belt pulley 31 which is fixedly arranged at the left end of the first rotating shaft 2, a second transmission belt 32 which is connected between the third belt pulley 30 and the fourth belt pulley 31, A second long rod 34 fixedly arranged on the end surface of the opposite end of the first long rod 33, a first blanking shell 35 fixedly arranged between the end surfaces of the opposite ends of the second long rod 34, a first shell space arranged in the first blanking shell 35, two second blanking shells 37 fixedly arranged on the lower surface of the first blanking shell 35, a second shell space arranged in the two second blanking shells 37, a plurality of first sharp corners 38 fixedly arranged at the joints of the two second shell spaces, two third blanking shells 38 fixedly arranged on the lower surfaces of the two second blanking shells 37 respectively, a third shell space arranged in the third blanking shell 38, a plurality of inclined plates 39 fixedly arranged on the left end wall and the right end wall of the third shell space respectively, a plurality of second sharp corners 39 fixedly arranged at the joints of the third shell space, when the first blanking shell 35, the second blanking shells 37 and the third blanking shells 38 are connected, the first shell space, the second shell space and the third shell space are connected; the method comprises the following steps of pouring magnets into a machine base for crushing, wherein a first driving piece 9 is started, the first driving piece 9 drives a second crushing roller 5 to rotate, the second crushing roller 5 drives a second belt wheel 7 to rotate, the second belt wheel 7 drives a first belt wheel 6 to rotate, the first belt wheel 6 drives a fourth belt wheel 31 to rotate, the fourth belt wheel 31 drives a third belt wheel 30 to rotate, the third belt wheel 30 drives an intermittent gear 29 to rotate, the intermittent gear 29 drives a stroke rack 26 to move left and right, the stroke rack 26 drives a first gear 18 to rotate, the first gear 18 drives a first vertical plate 13 to rotate ninety degrees downwards, a piston 101 moves backwards to reset the stroke rack 26, the magnets in a storage space are poured into the machine base, and the magnets are crushed into powder by the rotation of the first crushing roller 3 and the rotation of the second crushing roller 5; the rotation of the first crushing roller 3 and the second crushing roller 5 can be linked with the first vertical plate 13 through the belt wheel mechanism, so that the first vertical plate 13 cannot rotate when the crushing rollers are damaged and cannot rotate, the situation that the magnet continuously drops into the machine base when the crushing rollers are damaged is avoided, the situation that the magnet is excessively accumulated above the machine base and is scattered outside the equipment to be manually arranged when the equipment is damaged is avoided, and the potential safety hazard of the equipment is reduced; the teeth are arranged on the 1/4 outer surface of the intermittent gear 29, so that the intermittent gear can reset through the piston after some magnets fall off, intermittent uniform blanking can be performed, the situation that the damaged roller is clamped and cannot run due to excessive one-time blanking is avoided, the upper surfaces of the second vertical plate and the material storage space are arranged into inclined surfaces, and therefore the magnets can conveniently slide into the machine base from the material storage space, and stable work of equipment is facilitated; the clearance between the second electromagnet and the inner wall of the machine base space can be reduced through the matching of the gear and the rack, so that the magnetic powder of the magnet on the inner wall can be better cleaned; the second electromagnet can move and automatically transmit through the matching of the two racks and the gear, so that the cleaning efficiency of the device is higher.
The cleaning device comprises four special racks 45 fixedly arranged on the inner wall of the machine base space, two vertical plates 39 respectively fixedly arranged on each end wall of the machine base space, a first rotating gear 41 movably arranged between the two vertical plates 39 and meshed with the special racks, a third vertical plate 42 respectively fixedly arranged on each end surface of the machine base 1, a limiting groove arranged on the third vertical plate 42, a limiting plate 44 arranged on the limiting groove, the special racks 45 fixedly arranged at the upper end of the limiting plate 44 and meshed with the first rotating gear 41, matching shells 46 fixedly arranged on the front, the rear, the left and the right end surfaces of the machine base 1, matching spaces arranged in the matching shells, a rotating shaft 47 rotatably arranged on the lower end wall of the matching space, a second rotating gear 48 fixedly arranged on the outer surface of the rotating shaft 47 and meshed with the special racks 45, a limiting shaft 49 fixedly arranged on the lower end surface of the first rotating gear 41, a first rotating shaft, The first electromagnet 50 is fixedly arranged on the lower end face of the first rotating gear 41, the second electromagnet 51 is sleeved on the outer surface of the limiting shaft 49, the extension spring 52 is fixedly arranged between the first electromagnet 50 and the second electromagnet 51, the four round holes 53 are arranged on the lower end wall of the base space, the blanking hole 55 is arranged on the lower end wall of the base space, one end of each special rack is fixedly connected with the base space, the other end of each special rack is connected with the side wall of another special rack, and the four special racks are arranged along the circumference; after the crushing processing is finished, cleaning the space of the machine base, namely attracting a first electromagnet 50 and a second electromagnet 51 through magnetic force after electrification, driving a first rotating gear 41 to rotate and move back and forth through the left-and-right movement of a special rack 45, driving a second electromagnet 51 to rotate and move back and forth through the first rotating gear 41, cleaning the inner wall of the space of the machine base, adhering the magnet powder on the inner wall to the second electromagnet, and powering off after the cleaning is finished, wherein the second electromagnet and the magnet powder can fall into a round hole 53 and fall into a material receiving box from the round hole 53; when the magnetic powder is only adhered to one part of the second electromagnet 51, the magnetic force of the part of the second electromagnet is gradually weakened and the magnetic powder cannot be continuously adhered, the magnetic powder can be adhered to the whole outer surface of the second electromagnet 51 by rotating while the second electromagnet 51 moves back and forth, the residual rate of the magnetic powder in equipment is reduced, and the magnetic powder is prevented from being oxidized in the space of the machine base to pollute the magnetic powder processed next time; the lower end wall of the machine base space is set to be an inclined plane, so that the magnet magnetic powder can slide into the blanking hole 55 through the inclined hole.
Two bottom plates 56 are fixedly arranged on the front side and the rear side of the lower surface of the machine base 1, two grooves are arranged on the end surfaces of the opposite ends of the two bottom plates 56, and a material receiving box 57 is arranged in the two grooves in a left-right sliding manner; after the magnet magnetic powder in the material receiving box 57 is fully stacked in the material receiving box 57, the material receiving box 57 can be taken out of the equipment, and the magnet magnetic powder in the material receiving box 57 is taken out and then placed back to the equipment for next magnetic powder preparation.
Two supporting plates 53 are fixedly arranged on the front end surface and the rear end surface of the base 1 respectively, a pulley shaft 54 is rotatably arranged on the upper surface of each supporting plate 53, a first rotating pulley 55 and a second rotating pulley 56 are fixedly arranged on the outer surface of the pulley shaft 54 respectively, a third rotating pulley 57 and a fourth rotating pulley 58 are fixedly arranged on the outer surface of the rotating shaft 47 respectively, a first rotating belt 59 is connected between the first rotating pulley 55 and the third rotating pulley 57 in a transmission manner, a second rotating belt 60 is connected between the second rotating pulley 56 and the fourth rotating pulley 58 in a transmission manner, and a second driving piece 61 matched with the rotating shaft 47 is fixedly arranged on the lower end wall of the front end surface matching space; the first rotating belt wheel 55 is driven to rotate by the second driving member 61, the third rotating belt wheel 57 is driven to rotate by the first rotating belt wheel 55, the second rotating belt wheel 56 is driven to rotate by the third rotating belt wheel 57, and the fourth rotating belt wheel 58 is driven to rotate by the second rotating belt wheel 56.
The special rack 45 is provided with teeth on both end faces.
The first driving member 9 and the second driving member 61 are not only motors, but also driving devices for driving the second rotating shaft 4 and the rotating shaft 47 to rotate, and may be driven manually.
The first and second electromagnets 50, 51 need to be customized at the factory.
The working principle is as follows: the method comprises the following steps of crushing neodymium iron boron alloy fragments by using a magnet crusher, starting a first driving piece 9, driving a second crushing roller 5 to rotate by the first driving piece 9, driving a second belt pulley 7 to rotate by the second crushing roller 5, driving a first belt pulley 6 to rotate by the second belt pulley 7, driving a first crushing roller 3 to rotate by the first belt pulley 6, starting a blanking device by the first belt pulley 6, pouring the neodymium iron boron alloy fragments placed in the blanking device into a machine base 1, crushing the neodymium iron boron alloy fragments into magnet magnetic powder by using the first crushing roller 3 and the second crushing roller 5, starting a cleaning device after the crushing is finished, and cleaning the residual magnetic powder in the machine base space; the steps of pouring the magnet into the machine base for crushing are as follows, the first driving piece 9 is started, the first driving piece 9 drives the second crushing roller 5 to rotate, the second crushing roller 5 drives the second belt wheel 7 to rotate, the second belt wheel 7 drives the first belt wheel 6 to rotate, the first belt wheel 6 drives the fourth belt wheel 31 to rotate, the fourth belt wheel 31 drives the third belt wheel 30 to rotate, the third belt wheel 30 drives the intermittent gear 29 to rotate, the intermittent gear 29 drives the stroke rack 26 to move left and right, the stroke rack 26 drives the first gear 18 to rotate, the first gear 18 drives the first vertical plate 13 to rotate ninety degrees downwards, the piston 101 moves backwards to reset the stroke rack 26, the magnet in the storage space is poured into the machine base, the magnet is crushed into powder by the rotation of the first crushing roller 3 and the second crushing roller 5, the first rotating belt wheel 55 is driven to rotate by the second driving piece 61, the first rotating belt wheel 55 drives the third rotating belt wheel 57 to rotate, the third rotating belt wheel 57 drives the second rotating belt wheel 56 to rotate, the second rotating belt wheel 56 drives the fourth rotating belt wheel 58 to rotate, the step of cleaning the machine base space after the crushing processing is finished is as follows, the first electromagnet 50 and the second electromagnet 51 are attracted by magnetic force after the machine base space is electrified, the first rotating gear 41 is driven to rotate and move back and forth by the left-right movement of the special rack 45, the first rotating gear 41 drives the second electromagnet 51 to rotate and move back and forth, so that the inner wall of the machine base space is cleaned, the magnet powder on the inner wall is adhered to the second electromagnet, when the cleaning is finished, the power is cut off, the second electromagnet and the magnet powder can fall into the round hole 53 and fall into the material receiving box from the round hole 53.
Claims (4)
1. A neodymium iron boron powder processing method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
a. raw material preparation and pretreatment: weighing, crushing, cutting and derusting the raw materials by using a steel bar cutting machine and a roller polishing machine;
b. smelting: smelting the pretreated raw materials by using a vacuum smelting furnace to prepare neodymium iron boron alloy;
c. hydrogen explosion; performing hydrogen explosion on the smelted neodymium iron boron alloy by using a vacuum hydrogen treatment furnace;
d. milling: crushing the neodymium iron boron alloy fragments subjected to hydrogen explosion into powder by using a magnet crusher;
the magnet crusher in the step d comprises a machine base (1), a machine base space arranged in the machine base (1), a first rotating shaft (2) rotatably arranged at the left end wall and the right end wall of the machine base space, a first crushing roller (3) fixedly arranged on the outer surface of the first rotating shaft (2), a second rotating shaft (4) rotatably arranged at the left end wall and the right end wall of the machine base space, a second crushing roller (5) fixedly arranged on the outer surface of the second rotating shaft (4), a first belt wheel (6) fixedly arranged on the outer surface of the first rotating shaft (2), a second belt wheel (7) fixedly arranged on the outer surface of the second rotating shaft (4), a first conveying belt (8) in transmission connection between the first belt wheel (6) and the second belt wheel (7), a first driving part (9) fixedly arranged on the right end surface of the machine base (1) and connected with the second rotating shaft (4), and a cleaning device arranged in the machine base space, The blanking device is arranged on the upper surface of the machine base; the blanking device comprises a support rod (10) fixedly arranged on the rear end surface of the machine base (1) and a material storage shell (11) fixedly arranged at the upper end of the support rod (10);
the neodymium iron boron alloy fragment crushing method comprises the following steps of crushing neodymium iron boron alloy fragments by using a magnet crusher, starting a first driving piece (9), driving a second crushing roller (5) to rotate by using the first driving piece (9), driving a second belt wheel (7) to rotate by using the second crushing roller (5), driving a first belt wheel (6) to rotate by using the second belt wheel (7), driving a first crushing roller (3) to rotate by using the first belt wheel (6), starting a blanking device by using the first belt wheel (6), pouring neodymium iron boron alloy fragments placed in the blanking device into a machine base (1), crushing the neodymium iron boron alloy fragments into magnet powder by using the first crushing roller (3) and the second crushing roller (5), starting a cleaning device after crushing is finished, and cleaning residual magnet powder in the space of the machine base;
the blanking device comprises a material storage space which is arranged in a material storage shell (11) and has an upward opening, a discharge hole which is arranged on the front end wall of the material storage shell, a first transmission shaft (12) which is rotatably arranged on the left end wall of the material storage shell (11), a first vertical plate (13) which is fixedly arranged on the outer surface of the first transmission shaft (12), a second vertical plate (14) which is fixedly arranged on the right end surface of the first vertical plate (13), a fifth vertical plate (15) which is fixedly arranged on the right end surface of the second vertical plate (14), a connecting shell (17), a gear space which is arranged in the connecting shell (17), a first gear (18) which is rotatably arranged on the left end of the first transmission shaft (12), a stroke plate (23) which is fixedly arranged on the rear end wall of the gear space, a stroke rack (26), a compression shell (100) which is fixedly arranged on the front end wall of the gear space, and a compression, A piston (101) arranged in the compression space, a piston rod (102) fixedly arranged at the rear end of the piston (101) and connected with the front end face of the stroke rack (26), a transmission hole arranged at the left end wall of the gear space, a third transmission shaft (28) rotatably arranged in the transmission hole (27), an intermittent gear (29) fixedly arranged at the right end of the third transmission shaft (28) and matched with the stroke rack (26), a third belt wheel (30) fixedly arranged at the left end of the third transmission shaft (28), a fourth belt wheel (31) fixedly arranged at the left end of the first rotating shaft (2), a second conveying belt (32) in transmission connection between the third belt wheel (30) and the fourth belt wheel (31), a first blanking shell (35), a first shell space arranged in the first blanking shell (35), two second blanking shells (37) fixedly arranged at the lower surface of the first blanking shell (35), A second shell space arranged in the two second blanking shells (37), and a plurality of first sharp corners (38) fixedly arranged at the joints of the two second shell spaces;
the method comprises the following steps of pouring magnets into a machine base for crushing, starting a first driving piece (9), driving a second crushing roller (5) to rotate by the first driving piece (9), driving a second belt wheel (7) to rotate by the second crushing roller (5), driving a first belt wheel (6) to rotate by the second belt wheel (7), driving a fourth belt wheel (31) to rotate by the first belt wheel (6), driving a third belt wheel (30) to rotate by the fourth belt wheel (31), driving an intermittent gear (29) to rotate by the third belt wheel (30), driving a stroke rack (26) to move left and right by the intermittent gear (29), driving a first gear (18) to rotate by the stroke rack (26), driving a first vertical plate (13) to rotate ninety degrees downwards by the first gear (18), resetting the stroke rack (26) by backward movement of a piston (101), pouring the magnets in a storage space into the machine base, and crushing the magnets into powder by the rotation of the first crushing roller (3) and the second crushing roller (5);
the cleaning device comprises four special racks (45) fixedly arranged on the inner wall of the machine base space, two vertical plates (39) fixedly arranged on each end wall of the machine base space respectively, a first rotating gear (41) movably arranged between the two vertical plates (39) and meshed with the second racks, a third vertical plate (42) fixedly arranged on each end face of the machine base (1) respectively, a limiting groove arranged on the third vertical plate (42), a limiting plate (44) arranged on the limiting groove, a special rack (45) fixedly arranged at the upper end of the limiting plate (44) and meshed with the first rotating gear (41), a matching shell (46), a matching space arranged in the matching shell, a rotating shaft (47) rotatably arranged on the lower end wall of the matching space, a second rotating gear (48) fixedly arranged on the outer surface of the rotating shaft (47) and meshed with the special rack (45), The device comprises a limiting shaft (49) fixedly arranged on the lower end face of a first rotating gear (41), a first electromagnet (50) fixedly arranged on the lower end face of the first rotating gear (41), a second electromagnet (51) sleeved on the outer surface of the limiting shaft (49), a tension spring (52) fixedly arranged between the first electromagnet (50) and the second electromagnet (51), four round holes (53) arranged on the lower end wall of a machine base space, and a blanking hole (55) arranged on the lower end wall of the machine base space;
the step of cleaning the machine base space after the crushing processing is finished is as follows, after the machine base space is electrified, a first electromagnet (50) and a second electromagnet (51) are attracted through magnetic force, a first rotating gear (41) is driven to rotate and move back and forth through the left and right movement of a special rack (45), the first rotating gear (41) drives the second electromagnet (51) to rotate and move back and forth, so that the inner wall of the machine base space is cleaned, the magnet powder on the inner wall is adhered to the second electromagnet, when the cleaning is finished, the machine base space is powered off, the second electromagnet and the magnet powder can fall into a round hole (53), and the second electromagnet and the magnet powder fall into a material collecting box from the round hole (53).
2. The neodymium iron boron powder processing method according to claim 1, characterized in that: the smelting operation is to mix the preprocessed raw materials of praseodymium-neodymium, pure iron and ferroboron, add the mixture into a vacuum smelting furnace, and then carry out high-temperature smelting.
3. The neodymium iron boron powder processing method according to claim 1, characterized in that: the hydrogen explosion operation is to place the neodymium-iron-boron alloy in a vacuum hydrogen treatment furnace, and hydrogen enters the alloy along the neodymium-rich phase thin layer.
4. The neodymium iron boron powder processing method according to claim 1, characterized in that: the temperature of the vacuum melting furnace is 800-1000 ℃ when high-temperature melting is carried out.
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| CN112873041B (en) * | 2021-01-11 | 2022-05-27 | 浙江南磁实业股份有限公司 | Neodymium iron boron processing system and neodymium iron boron processing method |
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| JP4451632B2 (en) * | 2003-10-14 | 2010-04-14 | 株式会社アルバック | Hydrogen crusher for rare earth magnet materials |
| CN104607269B (en) * | 2015-02-09 | 2016-10-26 | 中国人民解放军总医院 | A kind of medicine crushing device |
| CN205587114U (en) * | 2016-03-15 | 2016-09-21 | 成都德兴磁业有限公司 | Primary mineral reducing mechanism in neodymium iron boron permanent magnet production technology |
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| CN108364736B (en) * | 2018-04-10 | 2020-04-17 | 陈亮 | Neodymium-iron-boron permanent magnet material and preparation method thereof |
| CN109773196A (en) * | 2018-12-28 | 2019-05-21 | 宁波韵升股份有限公司 | A kind of crushing-separating apparatus of the primary slab of neodymium iron boron |
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