CN110174419A - The detection method of in-service air cooler tube bundle based on X-ray digital imaging technology - Google Patents
The detection method of in-service air cooler tube bundle based on X-ray digital imaging technology Download PDFInfo
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- CN110174419A CN110174419A CN201910415380.8A CN201910415380A CN110174419A CN 110174419 A CN110174419 A CN 110174419A CN 201910415380 A CN201910415380 A CN 201910415380A CN 110174419 A CN110174419 A CN 110174419A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N23/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of wave or particle radiation, e.g. X-rays or neutrons, not covered by groups G01N3/00 – G01N17/00, G01N21/00 or G01N22/00
- G01N23/02—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of wave or particle radiation, e.g. X-rays or neutrons, not covered by groups G01N3/00 – G01N17/00, G01N21/00 or G01N22/00 by transmitting the radiation through the material
- G01N23/04—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of wave or particle radiation, e.g. X-rays or neutrons, not covered by groups G01N3/00 – G01N17/00, G01N21/00 or G01N22/00 by transmitting the radiation through the material and forming images of the material
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2223/00—Investigating materials by wave or particle radiation
- G01N2223/03—Investigating materials by wave or particle radiation by transmission
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2223/00—Investigating materials by wave or particle radiation
- G01N2223/10—Different kinds of radiation or particles
- G01N2223/101—Different kinds of radiation or particles electromagnetic radiation
- G01N2223/1016—X-ray
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2223/00—Investigating materials by wave or particle radiation
- G01N2223/30—Accessories, mechanical or electrical features
- G01N2223/306—Accessories, mechanical or electrical features computer control
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2223/00—Investigating materials by wave or particle radiation
- G01N2223/30—Accessories, mechanical or electrical features
- G01N2223/33—Accessories, mechanical or electrical features scanning, i.e. relative motion for measurement of successive object-parts
- G01N2223/3303—Accessories, mechanical or electrical features scanning, i.e. relative motion for measurement of successive object-parts object fixed; source and detector move
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2223/00—Investigating materials by wave or particle radiation
- G01N2223/40—Imaging
- G01N2223/408—Imaging display on monitor
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2223/00—Investigating materials by wave or particle radiation
- G01N2223/40—Imaging
- G01N2223/421—Imaging digitised image, analysed in real time (recognition algorithms)
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2223/00—Investigating materials by wave or particle radiation
- G01N2223/40—Imaging
- G01N2223/426—Imaging image comparing, unknown with known substance
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2223/00—Investigating materials by wave or particle radiation
- G01N2223/60—Specific applications or type of materials
- G01N2223/628—Specific applications or type of materials tubes, pipes
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2223/00—Investigating materials by wave or particle radiation
- G01N2223/60—Specific applications or type of materials
- G01N2223/646—Specific applications or type of materials flaws, defects
- G01N2223/6466—Specific applications or type of materials flaws, defects flaws comparing to predetermined standards
Abstract
A kind of detection method of the in-service air cooler tube bundle based on X-ray digital imaging technology: determining test object, prepares detection device and tooling；X-ray production apparatus and flat panel detector are separately fixed in corresponding tooling, the tooling is arranged on detected air cooler；The detection parameters and adjustment tooling for choosing corresponding X-ray production apparatus guarantee to meet detection focal length requirement；Detection system sensitivity is determined using image quality indicator；It is detected after the determining effective detection zone detected every time, tube bank quantity, X-ray production apparatus and the flat panel detector of air cooler while stepping length etc.；Judge that the tube bank for being detected air cooler whether there is defect according to digital imagery result on display；After positioning to those suspected defects, defect quantitative is carried out, according to the positioning of defect and quantitatively, judges the tube bank of air cooler with the presence or absence of excessive defect.The present invention can quickly and efficiently understand the corrosion condition of air cooler tube bundle tube bank, can effectively avoid the influence for restraining outer fin and multiple rows of tube bank overlapping to detection.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of detection methods of in-service air cooler tube bundle.More particularly to one kind based on X-ray number at
As the detection method of the in-service air cooler tube bundle of technology.
Background technique
Air cooler is the important heat exchange equipment in refining and petrochemical processing units, as the prominent of China's oil chemical engineering industry flies in recent years
The development pushed ahead vigorously, air cooler usage amount increase severely.With the increase of domestic processing high-sulfur, peracid, the poor oils ratio containing chlorine etc., petrochemical industry
The etching problem of device is got worse, and the corrosion of air cooler is also got worse therewith, especially the oil gas of PETROLEUM PROCESSING upstream device
Air cooler, acid water air cooler corrosion failure are increasingly frequent, and the unplanned shutdown of initiation and maintenance are extremely prominent.
The failure mode of air cooler has the whole thinned, local corrosion of tube bank, perforation leakage and air-cooled outlet line flange
Weld leakage etc., the key points and difficulties of detection are the detection of air cooler fin pipe.Since there are fin knots for fin tube outer surface
Structure, the fin structure outside finned tube can have an impact detection, to influence detection sensitivity.Fin can be effectively detected at present
The method of pipe is than relatively limited, most of outer since many detection techniques of the influence of fin detect finned tube from inside
Portion's detection method can not effectively detect it.Common detection method has its apparent limitation, including testing conditions requirement
Height, detection efficiency is extremely low, and detection sensitivity and precision be not high, and estimated detection effect is often not achieved.And air cooler pipe
Beam is interbank away from smaller at townhouse angular distribution, is overlapped more serious, and external detection can not effectively detect the pipe inside townhouse
Beam, and restrain overlapping and there is influence to detection, detection is integrally carried out to air cooler tube bundle to have difficulties.
X-ray digital imagery detection technique has image sensitivity high, and detection efficiency is high, and resolution ratio is higher and tolerance
The features such as big, and testing result can be obtained in scene, X-ray digital imagery detection technique is carried out in multiple fields at present
Using.X-ray digital imagery detection technique can quickly and efficiently understand the corrosion condition of air cooler tube bundle tube bank, can also be with
Realize air cooler tube bundle inner wall it is unclear wash, interior media is not emptied and is even examined online under conditions of device is not stopped work
It surveys, the corrosion condition of air cooler tube bundle can be accomplished to prejudge, instruct the Predictive Maintenance of air cooling system, avoided unnecessary unplanned
It stops work.
Summary of the invention
It can effectively avoid the technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide one kind and restrain outer fin and multiple rows of tube bank overlapping
Influence to detection, so judge air cooler tube bundle corrosion condition and with the presence or absence of excessive defect based on X-ray number at
As the detection method of the in-service air cooler tube bundle of technology.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is that: a kind of in-service air cooler tube bundle based on X-ray digital imaging technology
Detection method includes the following steps:
1) it determines test object, prepares detection device and tooling；
2) X-ray production apparatus and flat panel detector are separately fixed in corresponding tooling, the tooling are arranged in tested
On the air cooler of survey, the X-ray production apparatus and flat panel detector are separately connected control cabinet, line control machine and computer；
3) detection parameters of X-ray production apparatus are chosen according to the air cooler that different model is detected and adjustment tooling guarantees to meet inspection
Survey focal length requirement；
4) image quality indicator is placed on to X-ray production apparatus on the finned tube of detected flat panel detector side and carries out test strip, when shooting is tied
When fruit can clearly see image quality indicator fixed wire corresponding with the air cooler tube bundle, then enter next step, otherwise,
Return step 3), guarantee that detection system sensitivity meets testing requirements；
5) the effective detection detected every time is determined according to detection focal length, voltage, electric current, picture-taken frequency and time for exposure
Region, tube bank quantity, X-ray production apparatus and the flat panel detector of air cooler while stepping length and detection sensitivity, detection zone
Coverage rate is 10%, guarantees tested tube bank defect not missing inspection, is then detected；
6) judge that the tube bank for being detected air cooler whether there is defect according to digital imagery result on computer monitor, if nothing
Defect or those suspected defects are less than detection sensitivity, then continuous X-rays detect, and successively record tested length；If it was found that doubtful lack
It falls into and is then entered step 7) greater than detection sensitivity；
7) position for being greater than detection sensitivity to those suspected defects re-starts detection, is visited by the mobile X-ray machine X of X or plate
It surveys device and carries out image checking several times, determine the position that defect is repeatedly imaged, calculate defective locations using projection theory, to scarce
Row is trapped into position and record；
8) after to defect location, the vertical defect of the X-ray main beam of X-ray machine X is carried out transillumination by X, carries out defect quantitative,
The defect quantitative includes the size that defect is estimated using defect amplification formula, and estimates defect certainly according to gray value method of comparison
Body depth simultaneously records；
9) according to the positioning of defect and quantitatively, judge that the tube bank of air cooler whether there is excessive defect, and then determination is air-cooled
Whether the quality of device tube bank reaches the acceptance requirement of setting, completes finned tube detection.
Step 1) includes meeting detection according to the structure determination detection device for being detected air cooler, and according to detection Farm Planning
It is required that for fixing the tooling of X-ray production apparatus, flat panel detector,.
The structure of the tested air cooler includes restraining the space of blower side below number of rows and air cooler；The detection is set
Standby includes X-ray production apparatus, flat panel detector and the control cabinet being connected respectively with X-ray production apparatus and flat panel detector, line control machine and electricity
Brain, wherein the X-ray production apparatus meets high frequency constant pressure, maximum tube voltage is more than or equal to 300kV, tube current is continuously adjusted, small coke
Point Direction Finder, the flat panel detector meet A/D conversion digit and are more than or equal to 12, and dynamic range is more than or equal to 2000:1,
Size is greater than 14 × 14in.
In step 2), the X-ray production apparatus is placed on the air cooling blower fan side of air cooler, the flat panel detector by tooling
It is placed on by tooling above the tube bank of air cooler.
In step 2), when carry out bilateral transillumination confirmation defect when, the tooling be be suitable for bilateral transillumination can
Carry out the tooling of lift adjustment.
In step 3) according to the air cooler that different model is detected choose the electric current of the optimal imaging effect of X-ray production apparatus, voltage,
Picture-taken frequency and time for exposure, the detection focal length are 1000~1200mm.
Appoint in step 5) when in the tube bank quantity of detection focal length, voltage, electric current, picture-taken frequency, time for exposure and device
One parameter will redefine the effective detection zone for detecting tube bank under the parameter after variation every time, the detection spirit when changing
Sensitivity is that defects with diameters is 2mm, depth of defect 1.5mm.
Defect described in step 8) amplifies formula are as follows:
M=W '/W=(L1+L2)/L1=1+L2/L1
In formula, M is magnifying power, the size of W ' expression defect image, the size of W expression defect；L1 indicate x-ray source to lack
Sunken distance, L2 indicate the distance of defect to flat panel detector.
Defect own depth is estimated according to gray value method of comparison described in step 8), is according to the tested air cooler tube bundle of difference
The transmitted ray intensity of defect own depth is different, and the gray value for the defect image being converted to by number is also different, will be by
Examine gray value and the different defect image greyscale values of known depth on standard air cooler tube bundle of the defect image of air cooler tube bundle
It compares, estimates the own depth of tested air cooler tube bundle defect.
The detection method of in-service air cooler tube bundle based on X-ray digital imaging technology of the invention, can quickly, effectively
Ground understand air cooler tube bundle tube bank corrosion condition, also may be implemented air cooler tube bundle inner wall it is unclear wash, interior media is not arranged
It is empty that on-line checking is even carried out under conditions of device is not stopped work, it can effectively avoid and restrain outer fin and multiple rows of tube bank overlapping to inspection
The influence of survey, and then judge air cooler tube bundle corrosion condition and whether there is excessive defect, to the corrosion shape of air cooler tube bundle
Condition accomplishes to prejudge, and instructs the Predictive Maintenance of air cooling system, for the analysis of the corrosion condition of air cooler and live Predictive Maintenance
Foundation is provided, unnecessary unplanned shutdown is avoided.The present invention has the advantage that
1, detection efficiency is high
Film camera is also developed, is fixed and dried etc. processes after completing exposure, then just be can be carried out and is commented piece,
Entire imaging process needs the time long, and generally several to more than ten hour, and have and certain retake rate.With film camera phase
Than real-time visible testing result may be implemented in X-ray digital imaging technology, and acquisition and processing piece image only need several seconds
Time, directly can directly comment piece after imaging on a display screen after image procossing.Thus detection efficiency greatly improves.
And X-ray digital imaging technology (especially heavy wall) time for exposure when detecting condition of equivalent thickness workpiece is short, and it can also
To improve detection efficiency.
2, on-line checking may be implemented
Currently used detection method (IRIS etc.) requires height to the testing conditions at scene, is needed before detection to tube bank inner surface
High pressure water cleaning is carried out, if tube bank cleaning is unclean, can be had a great impact to detection effect.X-ray digital imagery skill
Art is not strict with cleaning in tube bank, can directly detect, and flat panel detector can under the conditions of using certain high temperature protection
To bear the operation temperature of air cooler, X-ray digital imaging technology may be implemented and carried out in the state that air cooler is not stopped work
Line detection, does not influence the normal operation of device, reduces the investment of human and material resources, reduces cost and the time of detection investment.
3, wide dynamic range
Dynamic range is the ratio of maximum output sum of the grayscale values dark field noise (standard deviation).Film and photosensitive element are come
It says, from " most dark " to the range of " most bright " included in dynamic range table diagram picture.Dynamic range is bigger, the layer that can be showed
It is secondary abundanter, it is better to the slight change detection performance of signal strength in imaging process.
Digital imaging system detector and image pick-up card response sensitivity are high, and saturation signal value is big, can achieve larger
Dynamic range.Industrial digital imaging system dynamic range is up to 10000 currently on the market.
After film camera has determined film quality, transillumination arrangement and parameter, dynamic range can determine substantially.For
The preferable film of quality, granularity is small and even particle distribution, the dynamic range of imaging can reach 2000 or more.But in reality
In use, generally being difficult to reach the limit dynamic range of film due to being limited by various actual conditions.
Digital imaging detection system than film system have higher dynamic range, have higher contrast resolution and
Biggish exposure latitude can effectively avoid the influence of outer fin and multiple rows of tube bank overlapping to detection effect.
4, testing result is intuitive and image quality is high
X-ray digital imaging technology can real time imagery, can directly be observed, not need darkroom disposal, will not be produced
The reasons such as raw similar film and darkroom disposal and caused by the unqualified equal false defects of egative film sole mass.X-ray digital imagery skill
Art is fuzzy without image caused by optical scattering, and clarity is mainly determined by pixel, there is higher contrast and resolution ratio.Figure
Picture level is abundant, and image edge is sharp keen clear, and fine structure does well, and image quality is higher.It can be real using computer program
Now the defect detected is accurately measured, it is more accurate than film photographing method, facilitate the evaluation of defect.
5, promote digital management and energy conservation and environmental protection
Digital imagery is conducive to the safe preservation of engineering data, while can be convenient for storage, filing and not rewritable
The foundation for digitizing industrial system provides a large amount of digital information, can provide technical support to promotion digitlization industrial expansion,
Convenient for engineering quality control.
The application of digital imaging system meets the energy-saving and environment-friendly policy that country advocates at present.With Traditional x-ray glue
Piece imaging is compared, and can not only save a large amount of film and without the discharge of chemical pollution object.The ray that digital imagery plate needs
Variable is lower than Traditional x-ray film imaging, can reduce the radiation hazradial bundle to operating personnel and the public.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is that the detection of the detection method of the in-service air cooler tube bundle of the invention based on X-ray digital imaging technology is shown
It is intended to；
Fig. 2 is to calculate defective locations schematic diagram using projection theory in detection method of the invention；
Fig. 3 is to calculate defect size schematic diagram using amplification principle in detection method of the invention.
In figure:
1: air cooler tube bundle 2:X radiographic source,
3: flat panel detector 4: radiographic source controller,
5: detector controller 6: computer
7: defect 8: the plane where different location x-ray source
F: detection focal length L1: the distance of x-ray source to defect
L2: the distance W: the size of defect of defect to flat panel detector
W ': the size of defect image
S, s ', s ": x-ray source is located at three different locations
A, a ', a ": defect image of the x-ray source in three different locations.
Specific embodiment
Below with reference to embodiment and attached drawing to the in-service air cooler tube bundle of the invention based on X-ray digital imaging technology
Detection method is described in detail.
The detection method of in-service air cooler tube bundle based on X-ray digital imaging technology of the invention utilizes X-ray number
Imaging technique detects air cooler tube bundle, and detection device and articles include that (MRXD-300 is (fixed for X-ray production apparatus in the embodiment of the present invention
To), high frequency constant pressure, focus 2.2 × 2.6), 14 × 17in of flat panel detector, control cabinet, line control machine, computer, tooling, safety it is anti-
Shield articles and other inspection institutes need articles.
The detection method of in-service air cooler tube bundle based on X-ray digital imaging technology of the invention, includes the following steps:
1) it determines test object, prepares detection device and tooling；Including being set according to the structure determination detection for being detected air cooler
It is standby, and according to detection Farm Planning meet testing requirements for fixing the tooling of X-ray production apparatus, flat panel detector.
The structure of the tested air cooler includes restraining the space of blower side below number of rows and air cooler；The detection is set
Standby includes X-ray production apparatus, flat panel detector and the control cabinet being connected respectively with X-ray production apparatus and flat panel detector, line control machine and electricity
Brain, wherein the X-ray production apparatus will meet high frequency constant pressure, maximum tube voltage is more than or equal to 300kV, tube current is continuously adjusted, is small
Focus Direction Finder, the flat panel detector will meet A/D conversion digit and be more than or equal to 12, and dynamic range is more than or equal to
2000:1, size are greater than 14 × 14in.(providing condition).
2) X-ray production apparatus and flat panel detector are separately fixed in corresponding tooling, the tooling are arranged in tested
On the air cooler of survey, the X-ray production apparatus and flat panel detector are separately connected control cabinet, line control machine and computer；
The X-ray production apparatus is placed on the air cooling blower fan side of air cooler by tooling, and the flat panel detector passes through tooling
It is placed on above the tube bank of air cooler.If directly influencing X-ray with the distance between blower space below air cooler tube bundle
Machine and flat panel detector placement position if too small can only be placed in X-ray machine X tube bank top, and are placed corresponding tooling and are protected
Demonstrate,prove focal length.
When carrying out bilateral transillumination confirmation defect, the tooling is to be able to carry out rising-falling tone with suitable for bilateral transillumination
The tooling of section.
3) detection parameters of X-ray production apparatus are chosen according to the air cooler that different model is detected and adjustment tooling guarantees to meet inspection
Survey focal length requirement；It is electric current, voltage, the figure that the optimal imaging effect of X-ray production apparatus is chosen according to the air cooler that different model is detected
As frequency acquisition and time for exposure, the detection focal length is 1000~1200mm.The embodiment of the present invention is with pipe number of rows for 6
The air cooler of row is that test object test obtains: the focal length F=1100mm of optimal effect effect, voltage 210kV, electric current 3.0mA,
3 frame of picture-taken frequency, time for exposure about 3s.
4) image quality indicator is placed on to X-ray production apparatus on the finned tube of detected flat panel detector side and carries out test strip, when shooting is tied
When fruit can clearly see image quality indicator fixed wire corresponding with the finned tube, then enter next step, otherwise, returns
Step 3) guarantees that detection system sensitivity meets testing requirements, can be clearly apparent image quality indicator fixed wire when only detecting at the scene
Number, system sensitivity is just able to satisfy testing requirements；
5) the effective detection detected every time is determined according to detection focal length, voltage, electric current, picture-taken frequency and time for exposure
Region, tube bank quantity, X-ray production apparatus and the flat panel detector of air cooler while stepping length and detection sensitivity, detection zone
Coverage rate is 10%, guarantees tested tube bank defect not missing inspection, is then detected；
During being detected, when detection focal length, voltage, electric current, picture-taken frequency, the pipe of time for exposure and device
(especially focal length and pipe number of rows) will redefine when any parameter changes in beam quantity examines every time under the parameter after variation
Effective detection zone of test tube beam, the detection sensitivity are that defects with diameters is 2mm, depth of defect 1.5mm.
Focal length F=1100mm, voltage 210kV, electric current 3.0mA, 3 frame of picture-taken frequency, exposure are based in the present embodiment
The effective detection zone determined when under conditions of time about 3s to 6 comb beam townhouse transillumination is 200mm × 200mm, is detected every time
The stepping simultaneously of three tubulations beam arranged side by side, each X-ray production apparatus and flat panel detector is 180mm.The setting of the row and column of air cooler tube bundle
Are as follows: on the same section of air cooler tube bundle, the tube bank positioned at same level direction is a row, the tube bank in same vertical direction
For a column.
6) judge that the tube bank for being detected air cooler whether there is defect according to digital imagery result on computer monitor, if nothing
Defect or those suspected defects are less than detection sensitivity, then continuous X-rays detect, and successively record tested length；If it was found that doubtful lack
It falls into and is then entered step 7) greater than detection sensitivity；
7) position for being greater than detection sensitivity to those suspected defects re-starts detection, is visited by the mobile X-ray machine X of X or plate
It surveys device and carries out image checking several times, determine the position that defect is repeatedly imaged, calculate defective locations using projection theory, to scarce
Row is trapped into position and record；
8) after to defect location, the vertical defect of the X-ray main beam of X-ray machine X is carried out transillumination by X, carries out defect quantitative,
The purpose of transillumination that defect is vertical with X-ray machine X X-ray main beam is easy and accurate in order to calculate.The defect quantitative includes
Using the size of defect amplification formula estimation defect, and defect own depth is estimated according to gray value method of comparison and is recorded；Wherein,
The defect amplifies formula are as follows:
M=W '/W=(L1+L2)/L1=1+L2/L1
In formula, M is magnifying power, the size of W ' expression defect image, the size of W expression defect；L1 indicate x-ray source to lack
Sunken distance, L2 indicate the distance of defect to flat panel detector.
Described estimates defect own depth according to gray value method of comparison, is that air cooler tube bundle defect is detected according to difference certainly
The transmitted ray intensity of body depth is different, and the gray value by the digital defect image being converted to is also different, air-cooled by being detected
Gray value and the different defect image greyscale values of known depth on standard air cooler tube bundle of the defect image of device tube bank carry out pair
Than estimating the own depth of tested air cooler tube bundle defect.
9) according to the positioning of defect and quantitatively, judge that the tube bank of air cooler whether there is excessive defect, and then determination is air-cooled
Whether the quality of device tube bank reaches the acceptance requirement of setting, completes finned tube detection.
Intuitively defect can be carried out by the image of digital imagery it is qualitative, according to multiple transillumination carry out defect location and
It is quantitative, it is finally completed the judgement of defect, understands the corrosion condition for judging air cooler tube bundle.Detection data is restrained according to multiple groups, is sentenced
Disconnected is the preparation for carrying out single plugging or large area plugging and even carrying out equipment replacement, guarantees the normal fortune of air cooling system
Row.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto,
In the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, any changes or substitutions that can be easily thought of by anyone skilled in the art,
It should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of detection method of the in-service air cooler tube bundle based on X-ray digital imaging technology, which is characterized in that including as follows
Step:
1) it determines test object, prepares detection device and tooling；
2) X-ray production apparatus and flat panel detector are separately fixed in corresponding tooling, the tooling are arranged in detected
On air cooler, the X-ray production apparatus and flat panel detector are separately connected control cabinet, line control machine and computer；
3) detection parameters that X-ray production apparatus is chosen according to the air cooler that different model is detected guarantee to meet detection coke with adjustment tooling
Away from requiring；
4) image quality indicator is placed on to X-ray production apparatus on the finned tube of detected flat panel detector side and carries out test strip, when shooting result energy
When enough clearly seeing image quality indicator fixed wire corresponding with the air cooler tube bundle, then enter next step, otherwise, returns
Step 3) guarantees that detection system sensitivity meets testing requirements；
5) the effective detection zone detected every time is determined according to detection focal length, voltage, electric current, picture-taken frequency and time for exposure
Domain, tube bank quantity, X-ray production apparatus and the flat panel detector of air cooler while stepping length and detection sensitivity, detection zone are covered
Lid rate is 10%, guarantees tested tube bank defect not missing inspection, is then detected；
6) judge that the tube bank for being detected air cooler whether there is defect according to digital imagery result on computer monitor, if zero defect
Or those suspected defects are less than detection sensitivity, then continuous X-rays detect, and successively record tested length；If it was found that those suspected defects are big
It is then entered step 7) in detection sensitivity；
7) position for being greater than detection sensitivity to those suspected defects re-starts detection, passes through the mobile X-ray machine X of X or flat panel detector
Carry out image checking several times, determine the position that defect is repeatedly imaged, calculate defective locations using projection theory, to defect into
Row is positioned and is recorded；
8) after to defect location, the vertical defect of the X-ray main beam of X-ray machine X is carried out transillumination by X, carries out defect quantitative, described
Defect quantitative include and estimating that defect itself is deep according to gray value method of comparison using the size of defect amplification formula estimation defect
It spends and records；
9) according to the positioning of defect and quantitatively, judge that the tube bank of air cooler whether there is excessive defect, and then determine air cooler pipe
Whether the quality of beam reaches the acceptance requirement of setting, completes finned tube detection.
2. the detection method of the in-service air cooler tube bundle according to claim 1 based on X-ray digital imaging technology, special
Sign is that step 1) includes meeting detection according to the structure determination detection device for being detected air cooler, and according to detection Farm Planning
It is required that for fixing the tooling of X-ray production apparatus, flat panel detector.
3. the detection method of the in-service air cooler tube bundle according to claim 2 based on X-ray digital imaging technology, special
Sign is that the structure of the tested air cooler includes restraining the space of blower side below number of rows and air cooler；The detection is set
Standby includes X-ray production apparatus, flat panel detector and the control cabinet being connected respectively with X-ray production apparatus and flat panel detector, line control machine and electricity
Brain, wherein the X-ray production apparatus meets high frequency constant pressure, maximum tube voltage is more than or equal to 300kV, tube current is continuously adjusted, small coke
Point Direction Finder, the flat panel detector meet A/D conversion digit and are more than or equal to 12, and dynamic range is more than or equal to 2000:1,
Size is greater than 14 × 14in.
4. the detection method of the in-service air cooler tube bundle according to claim 1 based on X-ray digital imaging technology, special
Sign is, in step 2), the X-ray production apparatus is placed on the air cooling blower fan side of air cooler, the flat panel detector by tooling
It is placed on by tooling above the tube bank of air cooler.
5. the detection method of the in-service air cooler tube bundle according to claim 1 based on X-ray digital imaging technology, special
Sign is, in step 2), when carrying out bilateral transillumination confirmation defect, the tooling be be suitable for bilateral transillumination can be into
The tooling of row lift adjustment.
6. the detection method of the in-service air cooler tube bundle according to claim 1 based on X-ray digital imaging technology, special
Sign is, in step 3) according to the air cooler that different model is detected choose the electric current of the optimal imaging effect of X-ray production apparatus, voltage,
Picture-taken frequency and time for exposure, the detection focal length are 1000~1200mm.
7. the detection method of the in-service air cooler tube bundle according to claim 1 based on X-ray digital imaging technology, special
Sign is, when any in the tube bank quantity of detection focal length, voltage, electric current, picture-taken frequency, time for exposure and device in step 5)
Parameter will redefine the effective detection zone for detecting tube bank under the parameter after variation every time when changing, the detection is sensitive
It is 2mm, depth of defect 1.5mm that degree, which is defects with diameters,.
8. the detection method of the in-service air cooler tube bundle according to claim 1 based on X-ray digital imaging technology, special
Sign is that defect described in step 8) amplifies formula are as follows:
M=W '/W=(L1+L2)/L1=1+L2/L1
In formula, M is magnifying power, the size of W ' expression defect image, the size of W expression defect；L1 indicates x-ray source to defect
Distance, L2 indicate the distance of defect to flat panel detector.
9. the detection method of the in-service air cooler tube bundle according to claim 1 based on X-ray digital imaging technology, special
Sign is, estimates defect own depth according to gray value method of comparison described in step 8), is according to the tested air cooler tube bundle of difference
The transmitted ray intensity of defect own depth is different, and the gray value for the defect image being converted to by number is also different, will be by
Examine gray value and the different defect image greyscale values of known depth on standard air cooler tube bundle of the defect image of air cooler tube bundle
It compares, estimates the own depth of tested air cooler tube bundle defect.
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