CN108814635A - A kind of X-ray digital imaging method - Google Patents
A kind of X-ray digital imaging method Download PDFInfo
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- 210000000115 thoracic cavity Anatomy 0.000 description 3
- 210000001835 viscera Anatomy 0.000 description 3
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 2
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Abstract
This application provides a kind of X-ray digital imaging methods, and this approach includes the following steps：Detected object is placed between X-ray production apparatus and digital imaging plate, focal length is set；Start X-ray production apparatus and digital imaging plate, the tube voltage of M group X-ray production apparatus, tube current and time for exposure are set, M X-ray digital image figures of shooting simultaneously save；M X-ray digital image figures are subjected to gray proces, obtain M gray scale value matrix；Then the gray value of M gray scale value matrix is compared respectively, obtains and record the maximum value of each position in matrix, obtain final image greyscale value matrix；Each gray value of final image greyscale value matrix is finally reduced to corresponding X ray image and saves as target X-ray striograph.Present application addresses internal structures and state that single exposure imaging can not accurately differentiate the unit equipment or human body that there are problems that multilayered structure and multiple material density.
Description
Technical field
This application involves imaging method technical field more particularly to a kind of X-ray digital imaging methods.
Background technique
X-ray digital imagery is one formed in conjunction with X-ray radiation technique by computer digital image processing technique
Kind of imaging method, it directly on the basis of being imaged on film, is converted by A/D and D/A, is carried out real in original diagnosis X radial
When image processing, and then make image digitazation, which has the advantages that quality is clear, image taking speed is fast, wide
It is general applied to the fields such as medical treatment, space flight, safety check and industrial flaw detection due to that structure inside seeing through objects and can be imaged.Closely
Nian Lai, X-ray digital imaging technology is also used in the internal structure and state of closing power equipment (typical as GIS is switched)
Image checking.
However, some human internal organs be staggered or equipment inside there are multilayered structure and multiple material density
Combination distribution, when existing x-ray imaging method mostly uses X-ray to be exposed shooting to it, single exposure can only to part certain
One thickness, a certain material generate optimal exposure effect, and the exposure effect of only some regions is most on the image of single exposure
It is good, remaining position or under-exposure or over-exposed.This for by X ray image identification human internal organs with
Equipment inner structure state be it is totally unfavorable, especially when area-of-interest be in expose undesirable region when, then can not be right
Structure and state are accurately differentiated.
To solve the above problems, the method that the present invention uses different parameters multiple exposure and image processing, has obtained gray scale
Uniform detected object internal structure chart.
Summary of the invention
This application provides a kind of X-ray digital imaging methods, can not accurately differentiate presence to solve single exposure imaging
The problem of structure and state of the unit equipment or inside of human body of multilayered structure and multiple material density.
A kind of X-ray digital imaging method, the described method comprises the following steps：
Detected object is placed between X-ray production apparatus and digital imaging plate, focal length is set；
Start X-ray production apparatus and digital imaging plate；
The tube voltage of M group X-ray production apparatus, tube current and time for exposure are set, and M X-ray digital image figures of shooting simultaneously save；
Above-mentioned M X-ray digital image figures are subjected to gray proces, obtain M gray scale value matrix；
The gray value of the M gray scale value matrix is compared respectively, obtain and records in matrix each position most
Big value, obtains final image greyscale value matrix；
Each gray value of the final image greyscale value matrix is reduced to corresponding X ray image and saves as target
X ray image figure.
Optionally, the value of the M is not less than 5.
Optionally, any value of the tube voltage between 50-450kV.
Optionally, the value interval of the tube voltage is not more than 10KV.
Optionally, any value of the tube current between 0.1-6mA.
Optionally, any value of the time for exposure between 0.5-4s.
Optionally, the focal length is greater than the minimum focus of tested equipment.
The technical scheme provided by the application includes following advantageous effects：
The application shoots multiple X-ray digital image figures by the way that tube voltage, tube current and time for exposure is varied multiple times,
By these X-ray digital image figures by carrying out gray proces, the gray scale value matrix of image is obtained, then to every in each matrix
One value is compared, and is obtained the maximum value of each position in matrix and is combined into a new matrix, then by the matrix
Each gray value is reduced to corresponding X ray image and saves as target X-ray striograph.It is repeatedly exposed using this different parameters
The method of light and image processing, solves inside human body or some equipment that there are the combinations of multilayered structure and multiple material density
The problem of distribution can not accurately differentiate structure and state by single exposure.
Detailed description of the invention
In order to illustrate more clearly of the technical solution of the application, letter will be made to attached drawing needed in the embodiment below
Singly introduce, it should be apparent that, for those of ordinary skills, without any creative labor,
It is also possible to obtain other drawings based on these drawings.
Fig. 1 is a kind of X-ray digital imaging method flow chart provided by the embodiments of the present application.
Specific embodiment
This application provides a kind of X-ray digital imaging methods, and this approach includes the following steps：
S1, detected object is placed between X-ray production apparatus and digital imaging plate, sets focal length.
Optionally, X-ray production apparatus includes industrial X-ray machine and medical X ray machine, and industrial X-ray machine is to utilize high pressure transformation
Device is added in the high pressure on two metal electrodes and generates ray, and can be divided into circumferential direction and directional transmissions ray, is circumferentially 360 degree of transmittings
Ray, orientation are 60 degree of divergent-rays, can also divide high-low pressure ray, from 10kV to 450kV etc., kilovoltage is higher, ray
Intensity is bigger, is mainly used for the nondestructive inspection of space flight, petroleum construction, natural gas line, boiler, pressure vessel etc..
Medical X ray machine is also referred to as x-ray equipment or medical X-ray scenograph, and medical x ray diagnostic equipment is using most
The most wide medical imaging means in early, clinical universal face.When the substantially uniform X-ray throwing of a beam intensity shines on human body, X
Ray a part is absorbed and scatters, and another part is through the former backpropagation in human body edge, since human body is respectively organized, organ is close
Degree, thickness etc. have differences, different to the uptake for being projected on X-ray thereon, so that the X through human body be made to penetrate
Line intensity distribution changes and carries human body information, ultimately forms X-ray information image.Its high pressure generator is mostly number
High frequency has the characteristics that shooting imaging level is abundant, operation interface is succinctly friendly.
Digital imagery plate in this application be acquire image information carrier, can replace X-ray film and reuse 2~
30000 times.
S2, starting X-ray production apparatus and digital imaging plate.
S3, the tube voltage that M group X-ray production apparatus is arranged, tube current and time for exposure, M X-ray digital image figures of shooting are simultaneously protected
It deposits.
The quality of X-ray is restricted by many factors, and the amount of X-ray is related with tube current and time for exposure, the matter of X-ray with
Tube voltage is closely related, and effective focal spot when X-ray production apparatus is imaged is related with the clarity of image, and effective focal spot is smaller, image
Clarity is better, and the size of effective focal spot is again related with X-ray tube, tube current and tube voltage.
For example, focus is wanted simultaneously with regard to small when tube voltage is big when using the X video camera with Biangulix
Ask tube current big, the time for exposure is short, could obtain the good image of clarity in this way.
Optionally, the value of M is not less than 5, and theoretically, the value of M certainly takes more, and finally obtained image is more clear,
But the acquisition speed of image can be reduced in this way, so being obtained in the application by experiment, by tube voltage, tube current and exposure
Time, which is changed after five five pictures of acquisition, can be obtained by relatively clear image by processing, so the value of setting M is not small
In 5 can not only obtain more visible image but also can be improved processing image speed.
The size of tube voltage, determines the penetration capacity of X-ray, and the selection of tube voltage is the thickness according to detected material
It being determined with density, thickness is bigger, density is bigger, then the tube voltage needed is bigger, but tube voltage is also not and is the bigger the better,
The loss of the too big X-ray tube of value is just big, ideal radiation response is not achieved, equally, tube voltage is too small, on imaging plate just not
Continuous pixel can be formed, the internal structure of testee is difficult to show inside computer, so pipe is arranged in the application
Any value of the voltage between 50-450kV, tube voltage can make the electronics of X-ray be in one and satisfy in this range value
Full state and big loss will not be caused to X-ray tube, moreover it is possible to obtain more visible image.
Optionally, the value interval of tube voltage is not more than 10KV, in actual use convenient for adjusting.
Tube current determines the energy density of X-ray, and tube current is bigger, and energy density is bigger.Similarly, the too small performance of tube current
The effect of X-ray, tube current do not increase the energy of X-ray, reach certain value, be radiated on object or human body
Object or human body can be caused to damage, so any value of the tube current between 0.1-6mA is arranged in the application, can satisfy
Industrial flaw detection is with use medically and small to the damage of measurand.
The sensitivity that time for exposure regards X-ray is related with measurand, and the time for exposure is long, the X-ray that measurand absorbs
Just more, this is harmful to measurand, and the time for exposure is too short, can not get continuous pixel, so the application
Any value of the time for exposure between 0.5-4s is set, matches the tube voltage and tube current of above range, X-ray can be played
The best use, obtain relatively sharp image, on the other hand the damage of measurand can be preferably minimized.
S4, above-mentioned M X-ray digital image figures are subjected to gray proces, obtain M gray scale value matrix.
The M gray scale value matrix that M X-ray digital image figures obtain after gray proces is recorded as：... ..., M
Open the gray matrix of striographWherein the value of n is related with the pixel of each image, often
One picture is made of many pixels, and the corresponding coordinate of each pixel can generate a gray value.
S5, corresponding gray value in each corresponding matrix of M gray scale value matrix is compared, obtains and records matrix
In each position maximum value, form final image greyscale value matrix
S6, each gray value of final image greyscale value matrix is reduced to corresponding X ray image and saves as target X
Ray striograph.
Embodiment 1
An existing large-scale precision instrument needs to overhaul, which has multilayered structure and be made with multiple material,
The focal length of the equipment is 500mm, and maintenance step is as follows：
S1, the large-scale precision instrument is placed between industrial X-ray machine and digital imaging plate, sets X-ray production apparatus focus
Vertical range to imaging plate is 1000mm.
S2, starting X-ray production apparatus and digital imaging plate.
S3, the tube voltage that M group X-ray production apparatus is arranged, tube current and time for exposure, M X-ray digital image figures of shooting are simultaneously protected
It deposits, tube voltage 220kV, tube current 4mA, time for exposure 5s is set, shooting obtains first X-ray digital image figure, is stored in
It is spare in the file of computer；
Keeping focal length is that 1000mm is constant, tube voltage 210kV is arranged, tube current 3.5mA, time for exposure 4.5s are shot
To second X-ray digital image figure, it is stored in the file of computer, it is spare；
Keeping focal length is that 1000mm is constant, and tube voltage 200kV, tube current 3mA, time for exposure 4s is arranged, and shooting obtains the
Three X-ray digital image figures, are stored in the file of computer, spare；
Keeping focal length is that 1000mm is constant, tube voltage 190kV is arranged, tube current 2.5mA, time for exposure 3.5s are shot
To the 4th X-ray digital image figure, it is stored in the file of computer, it is spare；
Keeping focal length is that 1000mm is constant, and tube voltage 180kV, tube current 2mA, time for exposure 3s is arranged, and shooting obtains the
Five X-ray digital image figures, are stored in the file of computer, spare.
S4, with computer matlab software, with rgb2gray (A) algorithm in the software by above-mentioned all images into
Row gray proces obtain the gray matrix of five images, are denoted as Wherein, A11~
Ann、B11~Bnn、C11~Cnn、D11~Dnn、E11~EnnValue between 0~255.
S5, by A1、B1、C1、D1、E1In A11、B11、C11、D11、E11It obtains maximum value and is denoted as V11max, by A1、B1、C1、D1、
E1In A21、B21、C21、D21、E21It obtains maximum value and is denoted as V21max, and so on, by comparing to obtain in matrix everybody
These maximum values are combined into a new matrix, are denoted as final image greyscale value matrix by the maximum value set
S6, final image greyscale value matrix data are inputted into computer, with matlab software in computer, input
Imshow (A) order, is reduced to corresponding X ray image for each gray value of final image greyscale value matrix and saves as mesh
Mark X ray image figure, so that it may which then the internal structure and state for clearly seeing the large-scale precision instrument can observe
The position whether there is failure.
Embodiment 2
Now need to carry out patient the inspection in entire thoracic cavity, the focal length of the human body is 200mm, and checking step is as follows：
S1, human body are stood between medical X ray machine and digital imaging plate, and setting X-ray production apparatus focus to imaging plate is hung down
Straight distance is 800mm.
S2, starting X-ray production apparatus and digital imaging plate.
S3, the tube voltage that M group X-ray production apparatus is arranged, tube current and time for exposure, M X-ray digital image figures of shooting are simultaneously protected
It deposits, tube voltage 100kV, tube current 2.5mA, time for exposure 1s is set, shooting obtains first X-ray digital image figure, saves
It is spare in the file of computer；
Keeping focal length is that 800mm is constant, and tube voltage 90kV, tube current 2mA, time for exposure 0.8s is arranged, and shooting obtains the
Two X-ray digital image figures, are stored in the file of computer, spare；
Keeping focal length is that 800mm is constant, and tube voltage 80kV, tube current 1.5mA, time for exposure 0.6s is arranged, and shooting obtains
Third X-ray digital image figure, is stored in the file of computer, spare；
Keeping focal length is that 800mm is constant, and tube voltage 70kV, tube current 1mA, time for exposure 0.4s is arranged, and shooting obtains the
Four X-ray digital image figures, are stored in the file of computer, spare；
Keeping focal length is that 800mm is constant, and tube voltage 60kV, tube current 0.5mA, time for exposure 0.3s is arranged, and shooting obtains
5th X-ray digital image figure, is stored in the file of computer, spare.
S4, according to the matlab software in computer, with rgb2gray (A) algorithm in the software by above-mentioned all shadows
As carrying out gray proces, the first image greyscale matrix is obtained Wherein, A11~
Ann、B11~Bnn、C11~Cnn、D11~Dnn、E11~EnnValue between 0~255.
S5, by A2、B2、C2、D2、E2In A11、B11、C11、D11、E11It obtains maximum value and is denoted as N11max；By A2、B2、C2、D2、
E2In A21、B21、C21、D21、E21It obtains maximum value and is denoted as N21max；And so on, by comparing to obtain in matrix everybody
These maximum values are combined into a new matrix, are denoted as final image greyscale value matrix by the maximum value set
S6, final image greyscale value matrix data are inputted into computer, passes through matlab software in computer, input
Imshow (A) order, is reduced to corresponding X ray image for each gray value of final image greyscale value matrix and saves as mesh
Mark X ray image figure, so that it may which then the image for clearly seeing each internal organs in entire thoracic cavity of the patient can observe
Whether thoracic cavity has lesion.
It should be noted that the terms "include", "comprise" or its any other variant are intended to the packet of nonexcludability
Contain, so that article or equipment including a series of elements not only include those elements, but also including not arranging clearly
Other element out, or further include for elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or device.Not more
In the case where limitation, the element that is limited by sentence "including a ...", it is not excluded that including process, the side of the element
There is also other identical elements in method, article or equipment.
The above is only the specific embodiment of the application, is made skilled artisans appreciate that or realizing this Shen
Please.Various modifications to these embodiments will be apparent to one skilled in the art, as defined herein
General Principle can be realized in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the application.Therefore, the application
It is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein, and is to fit to and the principles and novel features disclosed herein phase one
The widest scope of cause.
It should be understood that the application is not limited to the content for being described above and being shown in the accompanying drawings, and can
To carry out various modifications and change without departing from the scope.Scope of the present application is only limited by the accompanying claims.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of X-ray digital imaging method, which is characterized in that the described method comprises the following steps：
Detected object is placed between X-ray production apparatus and digital imaging plate, focal length is set；
Start X-ray production apparatus and digital imaging plate；
The tube voltage of M group X-ray production apparatus, tube current and time for exposure are set, and M X-ray digital image figures of shooting simultaneously save；
The M X-ray digital image figures are subjected to gray proces, obtain M gray scale value matrix；
The gray value of the M gray scale value matrix is compared respectively, obtains and record the maximum value of each position in matrix,
Obtain final image greyscale value matrix；
It is reduced to corresponding X ray image by each gray value of the final image greyscale value matrix and saves as target X penetrate
Line striograph.
2. the method according to claim 1, wherein the value of the M is not less than 5.
3. the method according to claim 1, wherein any value of the tube voltage between 50-450kV.
4. according to the method described in claim 3, it is characterized in that, the value interval of the tube voltage is not more than 10kV.
5. the method according to claim 1, wherein any value of the tube current between 0.1-6mA.
6. the method according to claim 1, wherein any value of the time for exposure between 0.5-4s.
7. the method according to claim 1, wherein the focal length is greater than the minimum focus of checked object.
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| CN110174419A (en) * | 2019-05-17 | 2019-08-27 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | The detection method of in-service air cooler tube bundle based on X-ray digital imaging technology |
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