CN110163628A - A kind of agricultural product traceability system based on block chain - Google Patents
A kind of agricultural product traceability system based on block chain Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of agricultural product traceability system based on block chain, which is characterized in that traces to the source searching platform, 5G network including agricultural product big data platform, agricultural product；Agricultural product big data platform includes agricultural product growth information module, storage information module, machining information module, sales information module；Agricultural product searching platform of tracing to the source includes data repair module, Antiforge inquiry module, information inquiry module of tracing to the source；Each module carries out data by 5G network and uploads and inquiry of tracing to the source.The present invention is advanced optimized on the basis of based on the traceability system of block chain, design the agricultural product traceability system for combining privately owned chain with publicly-owned chain advantage, on the basis of preventing agricultural product information under attack and distorting, further prevent certified products label stolen and duplication, improve data storage efficiency, computing cost is reduced, production link and person liable that consumer or supervision department quickly navigate to problem agricultural product are conducive to.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to agricultural product traceability system fields more particularly to a kind of agricultural product using block chain technology to trace to the source
System.
Background technique
As consumer constantly increases the agricultural product level of consumption, people are more next to the quality and safety requirements of agricultural product
It is higher, for the supervision problem for solving agricultural product quality and safety, establish a reliable, transparent agricultural product traceability system especially
It is necessary.It, can be with quick search by agricultural product traceability system when agricultural product security event occurs for supervision department
Agricultural product accurately find out link and the responsibility master of generation problem from production, the details stored in a warehouse, be worked into sale overall process
Body, to be supervised to agricultural product quality and safety.
Traditional traceability system depends on database storage techniques, and information of tracing to the source rests on the date of manufacture, inspection and quarantine is closed
The primary datas level such as lattice, information of completely tracing to the source should be more comprising agricultural product manufacturer, processing industry, retailer and consumer etc.
A main body is related to the overall process information of multiple service links such as production, storage, processing, sale, for the sea of Internet of Things acquisition
Measure information, the workload and higher cost that database technology is managed according to unified standard, simultaneously because traditional traceability system is
Single central node storing data can cause Information Security problem, reduce the credit of data by backstage altered data
With the public credibility of supervision.
And the advantage that block chain technology has traditional database incomparable using distributed account book system, comprising: participate in
Each node of system has same rights and duties, has the characteristics that " decentralization ", and each node participates in the same of record
When be also able to verify that the accuracys of other nodes records results, all nodes safeguard block chain network jointly.Second, due to using
Rivest, shamir, adelman and hash algorithm, individual node data distort the modification that will lead to other node datas on block chain,
Heavy workload is unbearable to system, therefore individual node is invalid to the modification of database, has ensured record, the transmitting of data
Reliably, it can not distort.Third, the data highly transparent of block chain are any to pass through disclosed interface polls number per capita
According to.4th, enable all nodes to complete data record and exchange according to unified agreement using common recognition mechanism, solves
Traditional non-type problem of traceability system information collection.
From the point of view of the research of current agricultural product traceability system, the exploitation of the agricultural product traceability system based on block chain is just rigid
Ground zero, most of system calculate the higher publicly-owned chain technology of power using bit coin or ether mill etc., come from practicability and economy
See the scheme not yet formed efficiently, mature.Be primarily present following problems need to be optimized it is perfect:
1. if calling the expense of intelligent contract storage excessively high store the information of tracing to the source of every agricultural product in publicly-owned chain；
2. be difficult the information sequenceization storage of tracing to the source that format is not of uniform size in publicly-owned chain, storage efficiency is low, information
Amount of storage is small；
3. should also pay close attention to and solve the problems, such as the counterfeit and information duplication of agricultural product to reinforce the comprehensive of supervision.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of agricultural product traceability systems based on block chain, are deposited using privately owned chain information
Advantage high-efficient, that capacity is big and publicly-owned chain advantage with a high credibility are stored up, agricultural product information can be effectively prevented and attacked
It hits and distorts, prevent certified products label stolen and duplication, and improve data storage efficiency, reduce computing cost, be conducive to
Consumer or supervision department quickly navigate to production link and the person liable of problem agricultural product.
In view of this, the present invention provides a kind of agricultural product traceability system based on block chain, which is characterized in that including agriculture
Product big data platform, agricultural product are traced to the source searching platform, 5G network:
The agricultural product big data platform includes agricultural product growth information module, storage information module, machining information mould
Block, sales information module；Each module is uploaded by 5G network implementations data；
The agricultural product growth information module is the pass in the agricultural product growth course recorded by agricultural product production base
Key information specifically includes breeding information, fattening information, growth cycle, weather information, disease and insect information, fresh-keeping period, agricultural production
Product production base is by the growth information for uploading agricultural product each stage to privately owned chain, the digital signature of responsible person concerned and passes through
The label information that Hash operation generates；
The storage information module is the key message during the agricultural products storage by storage enterprise's record, specifically
Including saving address, storage temperature, saving humidity, holding time, grading information, storage enterprise is added into privately owned chain
Storage information, the digital signature of responsible person concerned and the label information by Hash operation generation；
The machining information module is by brand quotient/processing enterprise's record processing of farm products quality information, Cheng Pinzhi
Information is measured, the processing of the agricultural product and the number of finished product information, responsible person concerned are added into privately owned chain for brand quotient/processing enterprise
Label information word signature and generated by Hash operation；
The sales information module is the farm produce sale information recorded by electric business platform, including product coding information,
Selling time, selling spot, dealer, electric business platform store the number label of product sale information, sales department into publicly-owned chain
Name and the label information by generating to information module each in privately owned chain carry out the Product labelling information of Hash operation generation；
Agricultural product searching platform of tracing to the source is traced back by information of the 5G network to the agricultural product big data platform
Source inquiry, agricultural product searching platform of tracing to the source includes data repair module, Antiforge inquiry module, information inquiry module of tracing to the source:
The data repair module ensures privately owned chain data not using the addressable nature of P2P distribution account book system
It is tampered；The backup information that each product is stored in P2P distribution account book system, tracing back in detail including each information module record
Source information and responsible person concerned's signature；When the cryptographic Hash that stores is not in the cryptographic Hash of block data each in privately owned chain and publicly-owned chain
Meanwhile illustrating that privately owned chain data are tampered, it can be found in distributed account book system by cryptographic Hash in publicly-owned chain and be tampered area
The raw information of block completes the reparation to privately owned chain；
The Antiforge inquiry module is judged for the inquiry before consumer's purchase product to product by query result
Whether the product is certified products；Decision mechanism are as follows: electric business platform is to account fund initial assignment of each product on privately owned chain
0；Since product account information is stored in publicly-owned chain, by account private key protect, in addition to electric business platform, any other users without
Method uses account fund, therefore account fund can only increase and can not reduce；After product is sold, electric business platform is to the product
Account provide privately owned chain currency, account fund value will be greater than 0；It whether is 0 by inquiry account fund value, it can be determined that should
Whether product has been sold out；If account fund is not 0 value, illustrate that the account corresponding certified products has been sold out, which is counterfeit
Product；
The information inquiry module of tracing to the source is believed for inquiring product from growth, each link stored in a warehouse, be worked into sale
Breath, consumer, supervision department can use information inquiry module of tracing to the source and inquire the detailed production information of product, and pass through
Label information completes verification, realizes product traceability.
The above-mentioned agricultural product traceability system based on block chain of the invention, also has the feature that
Privately owned chain structure are as follows: privately owned chain is brand quotient/processing enterprise itself creation and safeguards, in agricultural product production process,
Each enterprise accesses privately owned chain as new node, and each product is traced to the source information from each link of growth, sale of storing in a warehouse, be worked into
Cryptographic Hash is encapsulated in a block, is stored on privately owned chain；
Publicly-owned chain structure are as follows: publicly-owned chain uses ether mill platform, and the cryptographic Hash of each privately owned chain passes through intelligent contract storage
In publicly-owned chain.
Further, block chain cipher key distribution mechanisms use rivest, shamir, adelman, and each block is by unique a pair of of private key
It is formed with public key.Relevant departments/person liable in product manufacturing process encrypts production information with private key, generates and corresponds to
Digital signature, each block generates corresponding public key by irreversible Encryption Algorithm, and being generated with the hash algorithm of public key should
The Hash Round Robin data partition of block.Certificate center is periodically updated public key and private key, corresponding key version number is generated, by key
Version number be supplied to P2P distribution account book system, convenient for trace to the source inquiry.
The invention has the benefit that
(1) when quality problems occur in agricultural product, corresponding production link and responsible person concerned can quickly be positioned；
(2) it is based on block chain technical characteristic, agricultural product information can be effectively prevent under attack and is distorted；
(3) the account balance judgment mechanism for utilizing block chain prevents certified products label stolen and duplication；
(4) the advantages of combining privately owned chain and publicly-owned chain, improves data storage efficiency, reduces computing cost.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the agricultural product traceability system schematic diagram based on block chain；
Fig. 2 is agricultural product traceability system architecture diagram；DPoS is that commission equity proves common recognition algorithm；
Fig. 3 is structure information storage figure of tracing to the source；Wherein M1-M4Respectively indicate the detailed of the 1-4 service link of agricultural product
Information；S1-S4Indicate the digital signature of i-th of service link of agricultural product；
HPrBIndicate the cryptographic Hash of privately owned chain；
LPrBIndicate link of the agricultural product in privately owned chain；
LPuBIndicate link of the agricultural product in publicly-owned chain；
Fig. 4 is information query structure figure of tracing to the source.
Specific embodiment
In order to which technical problems, technical solutions and advantages to be solved are more clearly understood, tie below
Drawings and the specific embodiments are closed, the present invention is described in detail.It should be noted that specific implementation described herein
Example is not intended to limit the present invention only explaining the present invention, and the product for being able to achieve said function belongs to replacement and improves,
It is all included in the scope of protection of the present invention.The specific method is as follows:
Embodiment one: agricultural product traceability system architecture design
Agricultural product traceability system framework includes physical layer, data Layer, network layer, common recognition layer, excitation layer, contract layer, application
Layer, as shown in Figure 2.
Physical layer is the physical data by technology of Internet of things in each production link acquisition of agricultural product, the data of Internet of Things
Acquisition is related to sensor, RFID, two dimensional code and real time positioning technology, using temperature/humidity inductor, image pick-up card, pressure
Inductor, RFID reader, two-dimensional code identifier equipment are completed.
Data Layer includes the communication construction and block chain structure of Internet of Things, and wherein the communication construction of Internet of Things is logical using 5G
Communication network ensures the real-time upload for the mass data that physical layer is collected.Block chain structure is made of block head and block body.Area
Build contains version number, previous block cryptographic Hash, timestamp, random number and the block cryptographic Hash, by cryptographic Hash by each area
Block forms chain structure, and by All Activity when information used is charged in Merkle root.Block body connects according to timestamps ordering
It connects, using asymmetric encryption encryption mechanism, guarantees the safety of data in block chain.
Network layer includes P2P distributed networking mechanism, data dissemination mechanism and data authentication mechanism, is that decentralization is deposited
The structure basis of storage mode.
Common recognition layer encapsulates the common recognition mechanism algorithm of network node, it is contemplated that privately owned chain calculation power is limited, and it is total that DPoS can be used
Knowledge mechanism, safeguards system treatment effeciency with higher and more decentralization.
Excitation layer is used to be responsible for the issuing mechanism and distribution mechanism of account ideal money, by certain agricultural production in the present invention
The corresponding privately owned chain account assignment of product, whenever product provides virtual coin to account post sales, to judge the agricultural product whether
It sells, solves the problems, such as that agricultural product are counterfeit.
Contract layer encapsulates all kinds of scripts, algorithm mechanism and intelligent contract, completes block chain code using ether mill platform and compiles
Journey.
Application layer, which encapsulates, builds the agricultural product traceability system that privately owned chain on ether mill and publicly-owned chain combine, and leads to
Access interface and open data sharing are crossed, realizes the purpose of enterprises end data management, supervision department and consumer data inquiry.
Embodiment two: information of tracing to the source storage and query steps
The form of " Internet of Things+block chain " is taken in the storage of information in traceability system, and block chain uses " privately owned chain+publicly-owned
The structure of chain " ensures that information storage is efficient, can not distort.Wherein C1Indicate agricultural product production base；
C2Indicate storage enterprise；
C3Indicate brand quotient/processing enterprise；
C4Indicate electric business platform；
QC indicates information inquiry module of tracing to the source；
P indicates certain part agricultural product；
PrB indicates privately owned chain；
PuB indicates publicly-owned chain；
MiIndicate the details of i-th of service link of agricultural product；
SiIndicate the digital signature of i-th of service link of agricultural product；
HiIndicate the cryptographic Hash of i-th of service link of agricultural product；
HPrBIndicate the cryptographic Hash of privately owned chain；
A indicates agricultural product P in the account balance of privately owned chain；
LPrBIndicate link of the agricultural product in privately owned chain；
LPuBIndicate link of the agricultural product in publicly-owned chain；
Tag indicates agricultural product label, and label information includes the ID data of the agricultural product, LPrB、LPuB；
H () indicates hash function；
Sign () indicates digital signature function.
For agricultural product P, information storing step of tracing to the source is as follows:
(1) agricultural product production base C1Newly-built block is simultaneously stored in privately owned chain, and agricultural product growth information module is acquired
Details M1It is stored in block, including breeding information, fattening information, growth cycle, weather information, disease and insect information
With the fresh-keeping period；To information M1It is digitally signed S1=sign (M1)；To information M1With digital signature S1Calculate cryptographic Hash H1=
H(M1, S1)；Finally by M1、S1、H1It is stored in privately owned chain.
(2) storage enterprise C2Newly-built block is simultaneously stored in privately owned chain, the details M that storage information module is acquired2
It is stored in block, including saves address, storage temperature, saves humidity, holding time, grading information；To information M2Into
Row digital signature S2=sign (M2)；To information M2With digital signature S2Calculate cryptographic Hash H2=H (M2, S2)；Finally by M2、S2、
H2It is stored in privately owned chain.
(3) brand quotient/processing enterprise C3Newly-built block is simultaneously stored in privately owned chain, machining information module is acquired detailed
Thin information M3It is stored in block, including processing quality information, final product quality information；To information M3It is digitally signed S3=
sign(M3)；To information M2With digital signature S3Calculate cryptographic Hash H3=H (M3, S3)；Finally by M3、S3、H3It is stored in privately owned chain.
(4) electric business platform C4Newly-built block is simultaneously stored in privately owned chain, the details M that machining information module is acquired4
It is stored in block, including product coding information, selling time, selling spot, dealer；To information M4It is digitally signed S4
=sign (M4)；To information M2With digital signature S4Calculate cryptographic Hash H4=H (M4, S4)；Finally by M4、S4、H4It is stored in privately owned chain.
(5) electric business platform C4Sale node to information module cryptographic Hash each in privately owned chain calculate cryptographic Hash HPrB=H (H
(M1, S1), H (M2, S2), H (M3, S3), H (M4, S4)), by the ID of agricultural product, digital signature S, the label information of sale node
HPrBIt is stored in publicly-owned chain.
(6) location information of the agricultural product information in privately owned chain is stored in link LPrBIn, it is stored in publicly-owned chain and believes
The location information of breath is stored in link LPuBIn, see Fig. 3.
(7) electric business platform creates an account to agricultural product P in privately owned chain, and account balance A initial value is 0, works as agricultural production
When product are sold, electric business platform utilizes the private key of the agricultural product corresponding account, to the account 1 ideal money of remittance.
For agricultural product P, information of tracing to the source query steps are as follows:
(1) supervision department or consumer are according to agricultural product label Tag, i.e. the ID data of acquisition agricultural product, LPrB、 LPuBLetter
Breath.
(2) supervision department or consumer are by the information inquiry module QC that traces to the source, by LPrBObtain the agriculture stored in privately owned chain
Product information.By LPuBThe agricultural product information stored in publicly-owned chain is obtained with ID, sees Fig. 4.
(3) the label information H in publicly-owned chain is verifiedPrBIt is whether consistent in detail with what is stored in privately owned chain, if unanimously, explanation
Privately owned chain information is not tampered with, and the query result is credible；If inconsistent, the query result is insincere.
(4) after by verifying, supervision department or consumer can inquire the detailed production stored on privately owned chain, store in a warehouse,
Processing, sales information, i.e. M1, M2, M3, M4。
Embodiment three: the encrypting step for information of tracing to the source
(1) certificate center uses rivest, shamir, adelman for a pair of of public key of each block of agricultural product generation and private key
Location sends message to new public key address using Your Majesty's key address, generates new block and be written in privately owned chain, complete the agricultural production
The registration of product；
(2) enterprise for each service link that agricultural product are related to carries out number using respective private key address to production information
Signature, checks electronic signature using the public key address of privately owned Lian Zhongge enterprise, and the data by verification are legal number
According to can store into privately owned chain；
(3) cryptographic Hash for using hash algorithm to calculate production information and digital signature that each enterprise uploads is believed as label
Breath, then the label information is formed together block together with index information as the script information of data trade and is written to publicly-owned
In chain；
(4) backup information of the detailed production information of agricultural product is stored in P2P distribution account book system, and initial data is deposited
Storage is on agricultural product big data platform cloud database；
(5) in the environment of distributed storage, when supervision department or consumer inquire, first with the certificate of oneself
Signature and encrypted public key, are submitted on publicly-owned chain and privately owned chain, each block chain node after receiving the request, passes through area respectively
Block chain case mechanism notifies the enterprise of each service link, each enterprise to inquire initial data after request authenticity is verified
And it is calculated according to the inquiry content of request, and the calculated result public key encryption of requesting party is returned；
It (6) is the safety for ensureing code key, certificate center is periodically updated public key and private key, generates corresponding close
The version number of key is supplied to P2P distribution account book system by key version number, convenient for inquiry of tracing to the source.
Claims (1)
1. a kind of agricultural product traceability system based on block chain, which is characterized in that the system comprises agricultural product big data platform,
Agricultural product are traced to the source searching platform, 5G network: the agricultural product big data platform includes agricultural product growth information module, storage letter
Cease module, machining information module, sales information module；Each module is uploaded by 5G network implementations data；The agricultural production
Product growth information module is the key message in the agricultural product growth course recorded by agricultural product production base, specifically includes breeding
Information, fattening information, growth cycle, weather information, disease and insect information, fresh-keeping period, agricultural product production base will be to privately owned chain
Upload the growth information, the digital signature of responsible person concerned and the label letter generated by Hash operation in agricultural product each stage
Breath；The storage information module is the key message during the agricultural products storage by storage enterprise's record, specifically includes guarantor
It deposits address, storage temperature, save humidity, holding time, grading information, storage letter is added into privately owned chain for storage enterprise
Breath, the digital signature of responsible person concerned and the label information by Hash operation generation；The machining information module be by
The processing of farm products quality information of brand quotient/processing enterprise record, final product quality information, brand quotient/processing enterprise is to privately owned chain
The middle processing that the agricultural product are added and finished product information, the digital signature of responsible person concerned and the label generated by Hash operation
Information；The sales information module is the farm produce sale information recorded by electric business platform, including product coding information, sale
Time, selling spot, dealer, electric business platform stored into publicly-owned chain product sale information, sales department digital signature with
And the label information by generating to information module each in privately owned chain carries out the Product labelling information of Hash operation generation；It is described
Agricultural product searching platform of tracing to the source inquiry of tracing to the source, the agriculture carried out by information of the 5G network to the agricultural product big data platform
Product traceability searching platform includes data repair module, Antiforge inquiry module, information inquiry module of tracing to the source；The data reparation
Module ensures that privately owned chain data are not tampered using the addressable nature of P2P distribution account book system；P2P distribution account book system
The backup information of the middle each product of storage, trace to the source in detail information and responsible person concerned's signature including each information module record；When
When the cryptographic Hash difference stored in the cryptographic Hash of each block data and publicly-owned chain in privately owned chain, illustrate that privately owned chain data are tampered,
The raw information for being tampered block can be found in distributed account book system by cryptographic Hash in publicly-owned chain, is completed to privately owned chain
It repairs；The Antiforge inquiry module judges the production by query result for the inquiry before consumer's purchase product to product
Whether product are certified products；Decision mechanism are as follows: electric business platform is 0 to account fund initial assignment of each product on privately owned chain；By
It is stored in publicly-owned chain, is protected by account private key, in addition to electric business platform, any other users are not available in product account information
Account fund, therefore account fund can only increase and can not reduce；After product is sold, electric business platform is sent out to the account of the product
Letting smuggled articles pass has chain currency, and account fund value will be greater than 0；It whether is 0 by inquiry account fund value, it can be determined that whether the product
It sells；If account fund is not 0 value, illustrate that the account corresponding certified products has been sold out, which is counterfeit product；Described
Each link information that information inquiry module of tracing to the source is used to inquire product from growth, sale of storing in a warehouse, be worked into, consumer, supervision department
Door can use information inquiry module of tracing to the source and inquire the detailed production information of product, and complete to verify by label information,
Realize product traceability；The agricultural product traceability system based on block chain, wherein privately owned chain structure are as follows: privately owned chain be brand quotient/
Processing enterprise itself creation and maintenance, in agricultural product production process, each enterprise as the privately owned chain of new node access, each product from
The trace to the source cryptographic Hash of information of each link grow, store in a warehouse, being worked into sale is encapsulated in a block, is stored in privately owned chain
On；Wherein publicly-owned chain structure are as follows: publicly-owned chain uses ether mill platform, and the cryptographic Hash of each privately owned chain is stored in by intelligent contract
In publicly-owned chain；Block chain cipher key distribution mechanisms use rivest, shamir, adelman, and each block is by unique a pair of of private key and public key group
At；Relevant departments/person liable in product manufacturing process encrypts production information with private key, generates corresponding number label
Name, each block generate corresponding public key by irreversible Encryption Algorithm, the Kazakhstan of the block are generated with the hash algorithm of public key
Uncommon address；Certificate center is periodically updated public key and private key, generates corresponding key version number, the version number of key is mentioned
P2P distribution account book system is supplied, convenient for inquiry of tracing to the source.
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Cited By (35)
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