CN110159284A - Strand hydraulic reclamation stratum shield machine is ultra-shallow earth-covered, big longitudinal slope originates construction method - Google Patents
Strand hydraulic reclamation stratum shield machine is ultra-shallow earth-covered, big longitudinal slope originates construction method Download PDFInfo
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- CN110159284A CN110159284A CN201910427958.1A CN201910427958A CN110159284A CN 110159284 A CN110159284 A CN 110159284A CN 201910427958 A CN201910427958 A CN 201910427958A CN 110159284 A CN110159284 A CN 110159284A
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Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
- E21D11/04—Lining with building materials
- E21D11/08—Lining with building materials with preformed concrete slabs
- E21D11/083—Methods or devices for joining adjacent concrete segments
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
- E21D11/04—Lining with building materials
- E21D11/10—Lining with building materials with concrete cast in situ; Shuttering also lost shutterings, e.g. made of blocks, of metal plates or other equipment adapted therefor
- E21D11/105—Transport or application of concrete specially adapted for the lining of tunnels or galleries ; Backfilling the space between main building element and the surrounding rock, e.g. with concrete
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
- E21D9/06—Making by using a driving shield, i.e. advanced by pushing means bearing against the already placed lining
- E21D9/08—Making by using a driving shield, i.e. advanced by pushing means bearing against the already placed lining with additional boring or cutting means other than the conventional cutting edge of the shield
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
- E21D9/06—Making by using a driving shield, i.e. advanced by pushing means bearing against the already placed lining
- E21D9/093—Control of the driving shield, e.g. of the hydraulic advancing cylinders
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of strand hydraulic reclamation stratum shield machines, and ultra-shallow earth-covered, big longitudinal slope originates construction method, comprising the following steps: (1) reinforcing of the originating terminal soil body: the soil body of starting end head is reinforced using high-pressure rotary jet grouting pile cooperation three axes agitating pile；(2) the pre-buried steel loop of portal, the installation of external ring and injected hole is reserved；(3) the prefabricated and location and installation of concrete pedestal is originated；(4) location and installation and reinforcing of bracket, reaction frame are originated；(5) shield launching is into hole and driving: reasonable selection shield machine originates posture, and the center line of shield machine is kept to be overlapped with Tunnel Design center line.Suitable for ultra-shallow earth-covered (originating a section thickness of earth covering≤5m), the strand hydraulic reclamation stratum of big longitudinal slope (design longitudinal slope >=20 ‰), TBM's position control is good, it can effectively prevent ground deformation and differential settlement, guarantee originates stage pipe sheet assembling quality, the defects of reducing faulting of slab ends, breakage, leak escorts for smoothly originating for shield machine.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to shield launching construction method, especially suitable for ultra-shallow earth-covered (originating a section thickness of earth covering≤5m),
The strand hydraulic reclamation stratum of big longitudinal slope (design longitudinal slope >=20 ‰).
Background technique
Shield launching is the key link of Shield Tunneling, is one of difficult point of shield construction, the success or failure originated
Conclusive influence will be generated on constructing tunnel quality, progress, safety, duration and economic benefit.However, shield machine heavy grade,
Shallow earthing originates the difficult point of always engineering construction.
Because of Project design line requirements, need for shield-tunneling construction to be applied to strand hydraulic reclamation stratum.Shield launching section is shore
Sea plain area (Vth area of geology): stratum with the 4th is Holocene series artificial earth fill, based on barged-in fill, the Holocene series that underlies marine mud,
Upper Pleistocene series rushes proluvial silty clay, coarse sand.Bottom is residual soil and complete~micro- weathered rocks.Structure development, ground are had no in area
It is lauched buried depth about 1.0~4.2m.Baleful geological processes are mainly earthquake liquefaction and surface subsidence, and special rock soil is predominantly artificial
Banket, weak soil and decomposed rock and residual soil, engineering geological condition it is poor.
Due to the particularity on strand hydraulic reclamation stratum, shield launching construction is even more extremely difficult, is embodied in following four
Big difficult point: 1, geology difficult point: originating section thickness of earth covering is 4.6m, and cutter head of shield machine diameter is 6.986m, when shield machine tunnels
Influence to earth's surface is very big, and in addition overburden layer is barged-in fill and plain fill, and level of ground water is high, and stratum moisture content is high, stratum is stablized
Property it is poor, shield machine head be easy float, easily cause ground settlement, alter slurry or collapse and cave-in.2, it is high, difficult to originate positioning accuracy request
Degree is big: design longitudinal slope 25 ‰, section of jurisdiction breadth 1.5m, one ring of every driving, and height difference reaches 37.5mm before and after the ring of section of jurisdiction, originates position fixing process
In, reaction frame tilt angle not will lead to reaction frame stress surface and shield body different sides precisely and shield attitude deviation occur such as control
Excessive, front and back point height difference is more than that certain numerical value will lead to shield driving alarm after originating bracket stress.3, shield launching posture control
Difficulty processed is big: into before hole, " kowtowing " easily occurs for the descending that vertical curve is 25 ‰, shield machine；When into hole, propelling cylinder pushing away backward
Power has a component straight up to reaction frame, may cause reaction frame and integrally floats；Into after hole, along Tunnel Design axis
25 ‰ descending originates, and shield machine easily plants head, and component when promoting in vertical direction easily causes the floating of section of jurisdiction, so as to cause
Section of jurisdiction faulting of slab ends, infiltration.4, support pressure is difficult to establish in time: shield machine shield body length is generally 9m or so, shield body not all into
Before entering stratum, support pressure is difficult to set up, and lasting under-voltage driving easily leads to excavation face collapsing, while being originated section and being stablized for stratum
Property difference hydraulic reclamation soil layer, shield driving disturbance will increase formation collapse and surface collapse.
Summary of the invention
Against the above technical problems, the present invention is intended to provide a kind of shield launching construction method, is suitable for ultra-shallow earth-covered
The strand hydraulic reclamation stratum of (originating a section thickness of earth covering≤5m), big longitudinal slope (design longitudinal slope >=20 ‰), for smoothly originating for shield machine
It escorts.
For this purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: a kind of strand hydraulic reclamation stratum shield machine is ultra-shallow earth-covered, big longitudinal slope begins
Send out construction method, comprising the following steps:
(1) reinforcing of the originating terminal soil body: the soil body of starting end head is reinforced using high-pressure rotary jet grouting pile cooperation three axes agitating pile, is applied
Work sequence requirement after the completion of building enclosure is constructed, three axes agitating pile of constructing before excavation of foundation pit, apply by station end well main structure
After the completion of work, high-pressure rotary jet grouting pile of constructing again before shield launching；
A, the construction of three axes agitating pile:
All underground obstacles must be verified and removed before booting, and the position that must be backfilled will be backfilling and compacted in batches, to ensure
The quality of stake；
Three axes agitating pile foundation stabilization cement uses No. 42.5 ordinary cements, stabilization zone cement mixing content 20%, and the ratio of mud is
0.45~2.0；28 days unconfined compressive strengths of the soil body after reinforcing take not less than 0.8MPa, infiltration coefficient≤1.0 × 10-7cm/
s；The permission maximum deviation of the construction stake position of three axes agitating pile is 50mm, and perpendicularity deviation allows to be up to 1%；Stake is overlapped with stake
Time should not exceed for 24 hours, if being more than, the second pile of Ying increases by 20% grouting amount when constructing, while slowing down promotion speed；If phase
The pass time is too long, and the second pile can not overlap, and should carry out local piling or slip casting measure；
B, the construction of high-pressure rotary jet grouting pile:
One row Φ, 800 600 triple-pipe high pressure jet grouting stake is set outside shield-tunneling construction front end well fender post and blocks portal,
Depth reinforces bosom, cement mixing content 35%, infiltration coefficient≤1.0 × 10 with end-7cm/s；
(2) the pre-buried steel loop of portal, the installation of external ring and injected hole is reserved；
Construction process is as follows: install before preparations, surveying and locating, bar planting, portal steel loop piecemeal installation, the external ring of portal divide
Block installation, portal rubber cord are installed, flap are installed, the injected hole of pre-buried two DN50 in the external ring top of portal；
(3) the prefabricated and location and installation of concrete pedestal is originated；
A, concrete pedestal is prefabricated:
Size to originate bracket is divided into 6 pieces as benchmark and pours concrete pedestal, and formwork for placing uses plank sheathing, is laid with clad steel
Muscle mesh sheet, spacing 200mm are bound using the reinforcing bar of φ 12；Construction process is as follows: being laid with one layer of plastic foil, binding on level land
Reinforcing bar, formwork erection, measurement calibration height and snap the line positioning, casting concrete；
B, the location and installation of concrete pedestal；
Construction process is as follows: calculating the center mileage and left and right offset distance, surveying and locating, installation concrete base of concrete pedestal two ends
Seat；
(4) location and installation and reinforcing of bracket, reaction frame are originated；
The placement for originating bracket must be that longitudinal slope is put, and with the Tunnel Design longitudinal slope angle one at shield launching position
It causes, the horizontal direction needs that reaction frame is put are overlapped with the center line of shield machine, and vertical direction needs the center line with shield machine
Vertically, while according to the lateral stress of reaction frame and vertical stress reaction frame is reinforced；
(5) shield launching is into hole and driving: reasonable selection shield machine originates posture, keeps the center line of shield machine
It is overlapped with Tunnel Design center line；
A, originate into hole and prevent " kowtowing " measure: it is external to extend to portal along tunnel axis for the rail that will be originated on bracket
At ring；Blinding is laid in the lower part of the external ring of portal and the pre-buried steel loop of portal or applies concrete bearing platform, paved surface or mixed
The height of solidifying soil cushion cap is consistent with the height of rail for guiding to the external ring of portal；
B, it originates anti-cultivation head measure: into 2cm is raised in shield body front before hole, while increasing shield machine lower part when into hole
The propelling pressure of the thrust of oil cylinder, lower part oil cylinder is added to 70bar from 50bar, and the pressure of top oil cylinder remains unchanged, shield machine-cut
Mouth 10mm low compared with shield tail vertical direction deviation；In tunneling process, the propelling pressure of lower part oil cylinder is continued to increase to
100bar, top oil pressure is constant, and gap of the shield tail is measured in propulsion, it is ensured that upper gap is smaller than underclearance, has promoted two rings
Afterwards, shield machine notch and shield tail vertical direction have remained to+1mm, and the deviation of hinged vertical direction is -3mm；Shield machine into
After entering originating terminal stabilization zone, gradually start to establish pressure to Tu Cang, increases thrust；
C, shield machine tunnels；
Propulsive parameter of the shield machine in end stabilization zone controls are as follows: cutterhead 1~1.2rpm of revolving speed, 700~900KN of thrust,
0.5~0.6bar of support pressure, 15~20mm/min of driving speed；
After shield machine deviates from stabilization zone, the consistency of mortar is adjusted by 13.5 to 12, the grouting amount of shield machine is by original
8m3/ ring is adjusted to 6~7m3/ ring, grouting pressure control in 1.2~1.8bar range, support pressure be maintained at 0.6bar~
0.8bar。
As a preferred embodiment of the above solution, in step (1), high-pressure rotary jetting apparatus installation, must close inspection before aperture steadily to just
Stake position and blowing angle, it is ensured that pilot hole depth reaches design requirement；When high jet pipe is down toward away from bottom hole 0.5m, first opens branch stock pump and send
Slurry, at the same rotation transfer to bottom hole after, restart high-pressure pump and air compressor machine, can be promoted after parameters are normal；
In height spray operation, it has to be noted that observation gas, slurry pressure and flow reach design requirement, note abnormalities, to stop immediately
It is only promoted, is ascertained the reason, handled in time；
It when merogenesis dismantles high jet pipe, is shut down for some reason if meeting, high jet pipe need to be transferred to more than former height and spray 0.3~0.5m of depth
Place, turns back on operation, mew layer occurs to avoid induration.
Further preferably, in step (4), the location and installation for originating bracket is needed to pay attention to: originating plane control, originates height
Process control originates bracket installation；Wherein, originating that high process control refers to will be on originating concrete pedestal according to the elevation location that calculates
Originate before, during and after bracket the midpoint and left and right boundary point of three sections.
The location and installation of reaction frame needs to pay attention to: the control of benchmark ring center elevation, the control of column tilt angle, reaction frame add
Gu, reaction frame safety check；The control of its central post tilt angle refers to that column will keep vertical with shield machine axis.
Further preferably, in step (5), slip casting and the reasonable control of posture when shield driving: according to different ground
The variation of situations such as matter, the hydrology, edpth of tunnel and constantly adjust size performance, synchronize slip casting machine secondary grouting in time, lead to
The gesture stability of shield machine is carried out in the reasonable control for crossing parameter；In addition to this, in work progress, by the sealing journey to shield tail
It spends, the adjustment of the control of foaming system and native storehouse amount of water parameters, effectively controls surface subsidence and bubbling in tunneling process
Grout.
Further preferably, it is also needed in work progress to horizontal convergence, vault lower layer, bottom in ground settlement, Tunnel
Plate protuberance is monitored；Within the scope of shield launching section 100m, ground settlement sets a section every 5~10m；Section of jurisdiction clearance convergence is every
10~20mm sets a section, and the every section arrangement in tunnel is no less than two pairs of surveys line.
Further preferably, it also needs to carry out following quality control in work progress:
A, when portal steel loop is installed, horizontal and vertical deviation control is within ± 10mm；
B, originate bracket and reaction frame installation medium line error control within ± 10mm, height variation control ± 5mm it
It is interior；Simultaneously to prevent shield machine from bowing, elevation raises 20mm than design altitude；
C, section of jurisdiction is released and to carry out section of jurisdiction connection bolt in time after shield tail and tighten up work, respectively just tight, tighten up, again
Total fastening bolt three times is tightened up, guarantees pipe sheet assembling quality.
Beneficial effects of the present invention:
(1) rationally, TBM's position control is good, can effectively prevent ground deformation, avoids applying because of shallow earthing for boring parameter setting
Work causes the differential settlement on ground, guarantees construction quality；
(1) it is easily guaranteed that the shield-tunneling construction duration, reduces duration risk；
(3) it is easy to control the driving attitude for originating section shield, reduces the risk that shield driving is transfinited.
(4) the defects of can effectively ensure that and originate stage pipe sheet assembling quality, reducing faulting of slab ends, breakage, leak.
Specific embodiment
Below by embodiment, the invention will be further described:
A kind of strand hydraulic reclamation stratum shield machine is ultra-shallow earth-covered, big longitudinal slope originates construction method, mainly includes that step (1)-walks
Suddenly (1) carries out illustrating for each step below.
(1) reinforcing of the originating terminal soil body: the soil body of starting end head is reinforced using high-pressure rotary jet grouting pile cooperation three axes agitating pile, is made
The anti-floating power for obtaining the originating terminal soil body can satisfy the disturbance that the shallow earthing of shield machine originates；Sequence of construction requires to construct in building enclosure
After the completion, it constructs before excavation of foundation pit three axes agitating pile, constructs again after the completion of the end well main structure construction of station, before shield launching
High-pressure rotary jet grouting pile；It first constructs three axes agitating pile, then high-pressure rotary jet grouting pile of constructing.
A, the construction of three axes agitating pile:
All underground obstacles must be verified and removed before booting, and the position that must be backfilled will be backfilling and compacted in batches, to ensure
The quality of three axes agitating pile.
Three axes agitating pile foundation stabilization cement uses No. 42.5 ordinary cements, stabilization zone cement mixing content 20%, and the ratio of mud is
0.45~2.0.The soil body after reinforcing should have good uniformity, independence, sealing, 28 days unconfined compressive strengths
It takes not less than 0.8MPa, infiltration coefficient≤1.0 × 10-7cm/s.The permission maximum deviation of the construction stake position of three axes agitating pile is
50mm, perpendicularity deviation allow to be up to 1%；.Stake should not exceed for 24 hours with stake lapping time, if being more than, the second pile of Ying is applied
Working hour increases by 20% grouting amount, while slowing down promotion speed；If correlation time is too long, the second pile can not be overlapped, and should carry out office
Portion's piling or slip casting measure.
B, the construction of high-pressure rotary jet grouting pile:
To guarantee that end reinforces the not permeable leak between end well fender post, in shield-tunneling construction front end well fender post peripheral hardware
It sets 800@of a row Φ, 600 triple-pipe high pressure jet grouting stake and blocks portal, depth reinforces bosom with end, and cement mixing content 35% seeps
Saturating coefficient≤1.0 × 10-7cm/s。
High-pressure rotary jetting apparatus installation must close inspection stake position and blowing angle steadily to just, before aperture, it is ensured that pilot hole depth reaches
To design requirement.Pilot hole mud property is kept, hole wall is complete, and do not collapse hole, it is ensured that high jet pipe is smoothly down toward bottom hole.High jet pipe down toward
When away from bottom hole 0.5m, Ying Xianqi branch stock pump send slurry, while rotating decentralization, after lower (opening spray depth) to bottom hole, restarts high pressure
Pump and air compressor machine, can be promoted after parameters are normal.
In height spray operation, it has to be noted that observation gas, slurry pressure and flow reach design requirement, note abnormalities, to stop immediately
It is only promoted, is ascertained the reason, handled in time.
When merogenesis dismantles high jet pipe, movement will shorten downtime fastly as far as possible, shut down (such as unloading pipe or handling failure) for some reason
When, high jet pipe need to be transferred to being more than that former height sprays at 0.3~0.5m of depth, turn back on operation, occur to avoid induration new
Layer.
(2) the pre-buried steel loop of portal, the installation of external ring and injected hole is reserved.
Construction process are as follows: preparation → surveying and locating → bar planting → portal steel loop piecemeal installation → external ring of portal before installing
Piecemeal installation → pre-buried two DN50 in portal rubber cord installation → external ring top of flap installation → portal injected hole.
(3) the prefabricated and location and installation of concrete pedestal is originated.
A, concrete pedestal is prefabricated:
Concrete pedestal needs are just prefabricated in advance before shield launching, and to originate the size of bracket (11m × 3.6m) as base
Standard is divided into 6 pieces and pours, and every piece of size is 5.5m × 1.2m.Formwork for placing uses plank sheathing, is laid with double steel bar mesh sheet,
Away from for 200mm, bound using the reinforcing bar of φ 12.Construction process is as follows: level land be laid with one layer of plastic foil (prevent after pouring with
Ground is sticked together) → assembling reinforcement → formwork erection → measurement calibration height, snap the line positioning → casting concrete.
B, the location and installation of concrete pedestal:
Concrete base stand location process is as follows: calculating the center mileage and left and right offset distance → surveying and locating → peace of concrete pedestal two ends
Fill concrete pedestal.
(4) location and installation and reinforcing of bracket, reaction frame are originated.
For the posture for guaranteeing shield machine, it is horizontal positioned not that the placement and normal flat slope for originating bracket originated originates bracket
Together, it is necessary to be that longitudinal slope is put, and consistent with the design longitudinal slope in tunnel 25 ‰ at shield launching position.The level that reaction frame is put
Direction needs to be overlapped with the center line of shield machine, and vertical direction needs the central axis with shield machine, the reinforcing to reaction frame
It is required that having to consider the stress and vertical stress that its is lateral.
It originates the aspect that the location and installation of bracket needs to pay attention to: originating plane control, originate high process control, originate bracket peace
Dress.Wherein, originating that high process control refers to will be before, during and after originating bracket according to the elevation location that calculates on originating concrete pedestal
The midpoint of three sections and left and right boundary point.
The aspect that the location and installation of reaction frame needs to pay attention to: the control of benchmark ring center elevation, column tilt angle control, are anti-
The reinforcing of power frame, reaction frame safety check；The control of its central post tilt angle refers to that column will keep vertical with shield machine axis.
(5) shield launching is into hole and driving.
Reasonable selection shield machine originates posture: keeping the center line of shield machine to be overlapped with Tunnel Design center line, shield
Structure machine is originated when shield body sails out of originate bracket completely, and the posture of shield machine can not adjust, and reasonably selects the beginning of shield machine
Sending out posture is to originate a big difficulty and key of success.It is usually to be overlapped the center line of shield machine with tunnel center line.
But in shield machine when originating, it is easy to appear into hole " kowtowing " and plants head, especially for the larger situation of longitudinal slope is originated, thus
The measure that this engineering method uses is as follows.
A, it originates into hole and prevents " kowtowing " measure；
A.1, the 43# rail that will be originated on bracket extends at the external ring of portal along tunnel axis；
A.2, blinding is laid in the lower part of the external ring of portal and the pre-buried steel loop of portal or applies concrete bearing platform, be laid with
The height of face or concrete bearing platform is consistent with the height of rail for guiding to the external ring of portal.
A.1 and a.2 by the way that above, " the kowtowing " of shield machine can be effectively prevent.
B, anti-cultivation head measure is originated；
When shield launching is into hole, since shield machine is a cone state, had when shield body enters the soil body
One trend to sink, if can walk downward into the i.e. controllable shield body of 2cm is raised in front before hole in no gradient situation
Trend, this section originates to be originated for 25 ‰ lower slope section, even if still having one into 2cm is raised before hole and downward becoming
Gesture.The measure that we take at this time is that the thrust of shield machine lower part oil cylinder is increased when into hole, the propelling pressure of lower part oil cylinder from
50bar is added to 70bar, and the pressure of top oil cylinder remains unchanged, shield machine notch 10mm low compared with shield tail vertical direction deviation, this
When shield machine posture be it is completely parallel with tunnel axis, gap of the shield tail is also held in balanced state, if in tunneling process
In persistently keep this state, when cutter head of shield machine goes out stabilization zone plant head it is very risky.Therefore, it in tunneling process, needs
The propelling pressure of lower part oil cylinder is continued to increase into 100bar, top oil pressure is constant, and gap of the shield tail is measured in propulsion, it is ensured that on
Portion's gap-ratio underclearance wants small, and after having promoted two rings, shield machine notch and shield tail vertical direction have remained to+1mm, hingedly
The deviation of vertical direction is -3mm.Shield machine is parallel with tunnel axis in this overall trend, but shield machine front slightly comes back
The shield machine that the trend of advance avoids well, which has gone out behind stabilization zone, plants the risk of head in soft stratum.
In originating driving, the measure that support pressure prevents shield machine from planting head that increases also is taken；Enter the beginning in shield machine
It starts behind stabilization zone, gradually starts to establish pressure to Tu Cang, increase thrust.Pressure is established to Tu Cang, prevents shield machine from digging forward
Into when because stratum weakness and plant head down.
C, shield machine tunnels.
The buried depth in shield machine into hole only has 4.6m, and the propulsive parameter in end stabilization zone controls are as follows: and cutterhead revolving speed 1~
1.2rpm, 700~900KN of thrust, 0.5~0.6bar of support pressure, 15~20mm/min of driving speed, the shield in stabilization zone
Driving is steadily without any abnormal conditions.
Shield machine deviate from stabilization zone after, tunnel thickness of earth-fill cover be 5~6m region easily occur surface subsidence, emit foam,
The case where emitting slurries.When shield promotes in shallow earthing stratum, ground loss ratio is higher, and it is fast, stable that there is sedimentation to complete
Fast feature.Shield deviates from the master that this formation loss caused in the shield tail gap to be formed is the surface subsidence that shield generates
Component part is wanted, it is main related with synchronous slurry pressure, grouting amount and size performance.Therefore, by the consistency of mortar by 13.5 adjustment
To 12, the grouting amount of shield machine is by original 8m3/ ring is adjusted to 6~7m3/ ring, grouting pressure are controlled in 1.2~1.8bar model
It encloses.
In order to keep the stabilization of excavation face, then soil pressure appropriate must be kept to stablize excavation face, controls surface subsidence.Soil
It presses through low, is then likely to occur and backbreaks；Soil pressure is excessively high, then effective push reduces, and driving speed reduces, and ground may swell, and make
It is larger at posterior settlement.The determination of soil pressure and edpth of tunnel, geological condition have much relations, due to the buried depth of this section originating terminal
Between 4.6~6m, main penetrating ground have remain chiltern cohesive soil, silty clay, mud, medium coarse sand, completely decomposed rock and
Diabase remains chiltern cohesive soil, therefore support pressure is maintained at 0.6bar~0.8bar.
Slip casting and the reasonable control of posture when shield driving: change situations such as according to different geology, the hydrology, edpth of tunnel
Change and constantly adjust size performance, synchronize slip casting machine secondary grouting in time, shield machine is carried out by the reasonable control of parameter
Gesture stability.
In addition to this, in work progress, the seal degree of shield tail, the control of foaming system and native storehouse amount of water can all influence
Support pressure.By the adjustment to parameters, surface subsidence and bubbling grout in tunneling process are effectively controlled.
Safety monitoring during construction key points for operation:
A, monitoring project: ground settlement, horizontal convergence in Tunnel, vault lower layer, heave.
B, monitoring point arrangement: within the scope of shield launching section 100m, ground settlement sets a section every 5~10m；Section of jurisdiction
Every 10~the 20mm of clearance convergence sets a section, and the every section arrangement in tunnel is no less than two pairs of surveys line.
Quality control operation main points:
A, when portal steel loop is installed, horizontal and vertical deviation control is within ± 10mm.
B, originate bracket and reaction frame installation medium line error control within ± 10mm, height variation control ± 5mm it
It is interior.Simultaneously to prevent shield machine from bowing, elevation raises 20mm than design altitude.
C, section of jurisdiction is released and to carry out section of jurisdiction connection bolt in time after shield tail and tighten up work, respectively just tight, tighten up, again
Total fastening bolt three times is tightened up, guarantees pipe sheet assembling quality.
D, after portal is abolished, to control shield attitude, fltting speed is unsuitable too fast.It is simultaneously to prevent shield machine from bowing and protecting
Demonstrate,prove pipe sheet assembling quality, each area's oil cylinder working-pressure of strict control and gross thrust.
E, after shield tail disengaging originates bracket, the pose adjustment of shield machine is conscientiously carried out, prevention shield machine plants head, rationally
Section of jurisdiction is selected, the pressure value and progressive error of each jack are controlled, so that shield attitude be made to be in zone of reasonableness.
Safety measure:
A, shield pedestal reinforcement measure must be carried out when shield receives, acceptance frame two sides with H bracing members in side wall bottom, after
End, in headwall bottom, guarantees that the position of acceptance frame will not be with change in turn before shield machine with H bracing members.
B, due to being high altitude operation when portal is abolished, other than fastening seat belts, also adhere to an artificial work, people observation
The stable case of working face reflects in time if any exception and takes the Corresponding Countermeasures such as closure.
C, during the correction of shield launching section, it is necessary to be monitored always to shield attitude and to monitoring materials feedback point
Analysis constantly adjusts Shield Construction Method Used parameter.
Performance analysis:
Originate engineering method using big longitudinal slope, the concrete pedestal of the gradient identical as designed lines prefabricated in advance, that is, maintain with
Route designs axis and is overlapped, and reduces the duration for originating bracket, reaction frame positioning.Reduce simultaneously shield machine into behind hole substantially
The risk for adjusting vertical posture and leading to section of jurisdiction faulting of slab ends is spent, influence of adjustment of the shield because of posture to the duration is avoided, according to
The node duration of traditional shield launching thinking, the construction of shield section will postpone 1 month or so.
Economic benefit:
Using this engineering method, can guarantee pipe sheet assembling quality, reduce treatment technology for tunnel seepage risk, saved later period tunnel leak stopping at
This.Simultaneously because be advanced by the node duration significantly, the cost of saving be it is considerable, the cost is predominantly because the idleness of equipment produces
Raw expense and duration shortens the expense generated.
Shield designs starting point, originates between axis and design axis as overgauge 37mm, in shield tunneling process, shield
Structure posture maximum overgauge is 49mm, in the range of shield-tunneling construction specification defined.When shield tail, which is left, originates bracket, shield
Machine knife disk horizontal attitude still has certain overgauge, conducive to the adjustment of shield attitude.
After to shield machine debugging, practical shield attitude be see the table below:
After portal is abolished, linearly descending promotes shield machine.Into after reinforcing, for the benefit of control of shield attitude
Cutterhead revolving speed is set to 1.0r/min by system, and fltting speed is 15~20mm/min, and support pressure is maintained at 0.6bar or so.To
After shield tail disengaging originates bracket, that is, start to adjust posture when tunneling+3 ring, head is planted in prevention.When driving to+10 ring, perpendicular attitude point
Other cutterhead+2mm, middle shield+3mm, tail shield+6mm.During pose adjustment, the vertical maximum deviation of shield attitude is 21mm, section of jurisdiction
Faulting of slab ends is up to 4mm.So far, shield launching smoothly completes.
This engineering method solves shield in some problem that strand hydraulic reclamation stratum is ultra-shallow earth-covered, originates on big longitudinal slope line segment, energy
It enough efficiently controls and originates posture and do not transfinite, guarantee originates phase shapes section of jurisdiction posture and pipe sheet assembling quality, reduces tunnel and seeps
It leaks out danger, tunnel ne-leakage after guarantee is open to traffic, while it being advanced by the node duration significantly, reduce to periphery natural environment and inhabitation
The influence of environment has good social benefit and wide application value.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of strand hydraulic reclamation stratum shield machine is ultra-shallow earth-covered, big longitudinal slope originates construction method, which is characterized in that including following step
It is rapid:
(1) reinforcing of the originating terminal soil body: the soil body of starting end head is reinforced using high-pressure rotary jet grouting pile cooperation three axes agitating pile, is constructed suitable
After the completion of building enclosure construction, three axes agitating pile of constructing before excavation of foundation pit, station end well main structure construction is complete for sequence requirement
It constructs again before Cheng Hou, shield launching high-pressure rotary jet grouting pile；
A, the construction of three axes agitating pile:
All underground obstacles must be verified and removed before booting, and the position that must be backfilled will be backfilling and compacted in batches, to ensure stake
Quality；
Three axes agitating pile foundation stabilization cement uses No. 42.5 ordinary cements, stabilization zone cement mixing content 20%, the ratio of mud 0.45
~2.0；28 days unconfined compressive strengths of the soil body after reinforcing take not less than 0.8MPa, infiltration coefficient≤1.0 × 10-7cm/s；Three
The permission maximum deviation of the construction stake position of axis mixing pile is 50mm, and perpendicularity deviation allows to be up to 1%；Stake and stake lapping time
It should not exceed for 24 hours, if being more than, the second pile of Ying increases by 20% grouting amount when constructing, while slowing down promotion speed；If when related
Between it is too long, the second pile can not overlap, and should carry out local piling or slip casting measure；
B, the construction of high-pressure rotary jet grouting pile:
One row Φ, 800 600 triple-pipe high pressure jet grouting stake is set outside shield-tunneling construction front end well fender post and blocks portal, depth
Bosom, cement mixing content 35%, infiltration coefficient≤1.0 × 10 are reinforced with end-7cm/s；
(2) the pre-buried steel loop of portal, the installation of external ring and injected hole is reserved；
Construction process is as follows: the preceding preparation of installation, surveying and locating, bar planting, portal steel loop piecemeal is installed, the piecemeal of the external ring of portal is pacified
Dress, portal rubber cord are installed, flap are installed, the injected hole of pre-buried two DN50 in the external ring top of portal；
(3) the prefabricated and location and installation of concrete pedestal is originated；
A, concrete pedestal is prefabricated:
Size to originate bracket is divided into 6 pieces as benchmark and pours concrete pedestal, and formwork for placing uses plank sheathing, is laid with double layer bar
Piece, spacing 200mm are bound using the reinforcing bar of φ 12；Construction process is as follows: level land be laid with one layer of plastic foil, assembling reinforcement,
Formwork erection, measurement calibration height and snap the line positioning, casting concrete；
B, the location and installation of concrete pedestal；
Construction process is as follows: calculating the center mileage and left and right offset distance, surveying and locating, installation concrete pedestal of concrete pedestal two ends；
(4) location and installation and reinforcing of bracket, reaction frame are originated；
The placement for originating bracket must be that longitudinal slope is put, and consistent with the Tunnel Design longitudinal slope angle at shield launching position, instead
The horizontal direction needs that power frame is put are overlapped with the center line of shield machine, and vertical direction needs the central axis with shield machine,
Reaction frame is reinforced according to the lateral stress of reaction frame and vertical stress simultaneously；
(5) shield launching is into hole and driving: reasonable selection shield machine originates posture, keeps the center line and tunnel of shield machine
Road design centre line is overlapped；
A, originate into hole and prevent " kowtowing " measure: the rail that will be originated on bracket extends at the external ring of portal along tunnel axis；
Blinding is laid in the lower part of the external ring of portal and the pre-buried steel loop of portal or applies concrete bearing platform, and paved surface or concrete are held
The height of platform is consistent with the height of rail for guiding to the external ring of portal；
B, it originates anti-cultivation head measure: into 2cm is raised in shield body front before hole, while increasing shield machine lower part oil cylinder when into hole
Thrust, the propelling pressure of lower part oil cylinder is added to 70bar from 50bar, and the pressure of top oil cylinder remains unchanged, shield machine notch compared with
Shield tail vertical direction deviation wants low 10mm；In tunneling process, the propelling pressure of lower part oil cylinder is continued to increase into 100bar, on
Portion's oil pressure is constant, and gap of the shield tail is measured in propulsion, it is ensured that and upper gap is smaller than underclearance, after having promoted two rings, shield machine
Notch and shield tail vertical direction have remained to+1mm, and the deviation of hinged vertical direction is -3mm；Enter originating terminal in shield machine
Behind stabilization zone, gradually start to establish pressure to Tu Cang, increases thrust；
C, shield machine tunnels；
Propulsive parameter of the shield machine in end stabilization zone controls are as follows: cutterhead 1~1.2rpm of revolving speed, thrust 700~900KN, Tu Cang
0.5~0.6bar of pressure, 15~20mm/min of driving speed；
After shield machine deviates from stabilization zone, the consistency of mortar is adjusted by 13.5 to 12, the grouting amount of shield machine is by original 8m3/
Ring is adjusted to 6~7m3/ ring, grouting pressure are controlled in 1.2~1.8bar range, and support pressure is maintained at 0.6bar~0.8bar.
2. strand hydraulic reclamation described in accordance with the claim 1 stratum shield machine is ultra-shallow earth-covered, big longitudinal slope originates construction method, feature
Be: in step (1), high-pressure rotary jetting apparatus installation must close inspection stake position and blowing angle steadily to just, before aperture, it is ensured that pilot hole
Depth reaches design requirement；It when high jet pipe is down toward away from bottom hole 0.5m, first opens branch stock pump and send slurry, while after bottom hole is transferred in rotation,
Restart high-pressure pump and air compressor machine, can be promoted after parameters are normal；
In height spray operation, it has to be noted that observation gas, slurry pressure and flow reach design requirement, note abnormalities, to stop mentioning immediately
It rises, ascertains the reason, handle in time；
It when merogenesis dismantles high jet pipe, shuts down, high jet pipe need to be transferred at more than former high spray 0.3~0.5m of depth for some reason if meeting,
Operation is turned back on, mew layer occurs to avoid induration.
3. strand hydraulic reclamation described in accordance with the claim 1 stratum shield machine is ultra-shallow earth-covered, big longitudinal slope originates construction method, feature
Be: in step (4), the location and installation for originating bracket is needed to pay attention to: being originated plane control, is originated high process control, originates bracket
Installation；Wherein, originate high process control refer to bracket is originated according to the elevation location that calculates on originating concrete pedestal before, in,
The midpoint of three sections and left and right boundary point afterwards.
The location and installation of reaction frame needs to pay attention to: the control of benchmark ring center elevation, column tilt angle control, reaction frame is reinforced,
Reaction frame safety check；The control of its central post tilt angle refers to that column will keep vertical with shield machine axis.
4. strand hydraulic reclamation described in accordance with the claim 1 stratum shield machine is ultra-shallow earth-covered, big longitudinal slope originates construction method, feature
It is: in step (5), slip casting and the reasonable control of posture when shield driving: according to different geology, the hydrology, edpth of tunnel
Situations such as variation and constantly adjust size performance, synchronize slip casting machine secondary grouting in time, pass through the reasonable control of parameter
Carry out the gesture stability of shield machine；In addition to this, in work progress, by the control of seal degree, foaming system to shield tail
With the adjustment of native storehouse amount of water parameters, surface subsidence and bubbling grout in tunneling process are effectively controlled.
5. strand hydraulic reclamation described in accordance with the claim 1 stratum shield machine is ultra-shallow earth-covered, big longitudinal slope originates construction method, feature
It is: also needs to be monitored horizontal convergence, vault lower layer, heave in ground settlement, Tunnel in work progress；Shield
Structure originates within the scope of section 100m, and ground settlement sets a section every 5~10m；Clearance convergence every 10~20mm in section of jurisdiction sets a section,
The every section arrangement in tunnel is no less than two pairs of surveys line.
6. strand hydraulic reclamation described in accordance with the claim 1 stratum shield machine is ultra-shallow earth-covered, big longitudinal slope originates construction method, feature
It is, also needs to carry out following quality control in work progress:
A, when portal steel loop is installed, horizontal and vertical deviation control is within ± 10mm；
B, bracket and reaction frame installation medium line error control are originated within ± 10mm, height variation controls within ± 5mm；Together
When to prevent shield machine from bowing, elevation raises 20mm than design altitude；
C, section of jurisdiction is released and to carry out section of jurisdiction connection bolt in time after shield tail and tighten up work, respectively just tight, tighten up, tighten up again
Total fastening bolt three times, guarantees pipe sheet assembling quality.
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| CN111877298A (en) * | 2020-07-29 | 2020-11-03 | 山东大学 | Common-wall parallel station foundation pit monitoring and reinforcing method considering preorder deformation |
| CN112282767A (en) * | 2020-10-21 | 2021-01-29 | 江苏旭辰交通科技发展有限公司 | Ultra-deep reinforcement construction method for shield end soil body under water-rich silty-fine sand geology |
| CN112324444A (en) * | 2020-11-27 | 2021-02-05 | 中建八局轨道交通建设有限公司 | Shield large-gradient starting construction method |
| CN113047853A (en) * | 2021-05-10 | 2021-06-29 | 中铁九局集团第六工程有限公司 | Shield starting construction method for water-rich soft soil geological area |
| CN113047850A (en) * | 2021-03-31 | 2021-06-29 | 中国水利水电第一工程局有限公司 | Short-interval shield construction head-planting processing method |
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| CN113653497A (en) * | 2021-08-31 | 2021-11-16 | 国能神东煤炭集团有限责任公司 | Method, system and storage medium for crossing vertical curve segment |
| CN113653497B (en) * | 2021-08-31 | 2024-01-30 | 国能神东煤炭集团有限责任公司 | Method, system and storage medium for over-vertical curve segment |
| CN116575928A (en) * | 2023-07-13 | 2023-08-11 | 中铁九局集团第四工程有限公司 | Shield receiving construction method based on slope foundation pit condition |
| CN116575928B (en) * | 2023-07-13 | 2023-10-13 | 中铁九局集团第四工程有限公司 | Shield receiving construction method based on slope foundation pit condition |
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