CN110150302B - 一种除草剂组合物及其应用 - Google Patents

一种除草剂组合物及其应用 Download PDF

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CN110150302B
CN110150302B CN201810144609.4A CN201810144609A CN110150302B CN 110150302 B CN110150302 B CN 110150302B CN 201810144609 A CN201810144609 A CN 201810144609A CN 110150302 B CN110150302 B CN 110150302B
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颜克成
崔东亮
杨吉春
关爱莹
刘长令
马宏娟
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Shenyang Sinochem Agrochemicals R&D Co Ltd
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种除草剂组合物及其应用方法,组合物为A、B两种活性成分,其中A组分和组分B的重量比为1:40~5:1;组分A选自如下通式所示的化合物,

Description

一种除草剂组合物及其应用
技术领域
本发明属于农用除草剂领域,涉及一种除草剂组合物及其应用。
背景技术
专利WO2016095768报道了如通式I所示的含异恶唑啉脲嘧啶类化合物:
Figure BDA0001578487510000011
通式I化合物具有很好的除草活性,可以有效地控制稗草、狗尾草、异型莎草、水莎草、马唐、荩草、苘麻、百日草、反枝苋、马齿苋、苍耳、龙葵、决明、野西瓜苗、野大豆等不同叶期的杂草,在低剂量下就可以获得很好的除草效果。
激素类除草剂可以破坏双子叶植物的输导组织,使生长发育受到干扰,茎叶扭曲,茎基部膨大变粗或者开裂,导致植物死亡。
激素类除草剂包括吡啶羧酸类除草剂氨氯吡啶酸、二氯吡啶酸、氯氟吡氧乙酸、氯氨吡啶酸、三氯吡氧乙酸;苯氧羧酸类除草剂2,4-滴丁酯、2,4-滴丁酸、2,4-滴丙酸、氯甲酰草胺、2甲4氯、2甲4氯丙酸、2甲4氯丁酸、2,4-滴异辛脂;苯甲酸类除草剂灭草畏、麦草畏、麦芽畏;喹啉羧酸类除草剂二氯喹啉酸、氯甲喹啉酸;芳香基吡啶甲酸类除草剂氟氯吡啶酯、氯氟吡啶酯;或其它激素除草剂类别中的草除灵。
除草剂的混用是扩大杀草谱、降低使用量和使用频率、防止抗性杂草抗性产生和防除抗性杂草的一个有效途径,本发明人对通式I所示的含异恶唑啉脲嘧啶类化合物与激素类除草剂混配进行了深入研究,发现通式I所示的含异恶唑啉脲嘧啶类化合物与激素类除草剂混配有协同增效作用,经进一步研究,发明了本专利。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种除草剂组合物。
为实现上述目的,本发明的技术方案如下:
一种除草组合物,除草组合物活性组分由组分A和组分B组成,组分A为具有如下结构式I所示的化合物;组分B选自激素类除草剂类,组分A和组分B两组分之间的重量比为:1:100~40:1;
Figure BDA0001578487510000012
式I中:
R1选自甲基;
R2、R3可相同或不同分别选自氢、氟或氯;
R4选自CO2R6
R5选自氢、甲基、乙基、叔丁基或三氟甲基;
R6选自氢、甲基、乙基、正丙基、正丁基、异丙基、异丁基、叔丁基、三氟乙基、烯丙基、炔丙基、甲氧基乙基、乙氧基乙基、2-四氢呋喃亚甲基或3-四氢呋喃亚甲基。
优选除草剂组合物为:
所述组分A,式I中:
R1选自甲基;
R2选自氟
R3选自氯;
R4选自CO2R6
R5选自甲基;
R6选自氢、甲基、乙基、正丙基、正丁基、异丙基、异丁基、叔丁基、三氟乙基、烯丙基、炔丙基、甲氧基乙基、乙氧基乙基、2-四氢呋喃亚甲基或3-四氢呋喃亚甲基。
组分B选自激素类除草剂为吡啶羧酸类除草剂、苯氧羧酸类除草剂、苯甲酸类除草剂、喹啉羧酸类除草剂、芳香基吡啶甲酸类除草剂、或其它激素除草剂。
进一步优选为
所述吡啶羧酸类除草剂为氨氯吡啶酸、二氯吡啶酸、氯氟吡氧乙酸、氯氨吡啶酸或三氯吡氧乙酸;
苯氧羧酸类除草剂为2,4-滴丁酯、2,4-滴丁酸、2,4-滴丙酸、氯甲酰草胺、2甲4氯、2甲4氯丙酸、2甲4氯丁酸或2,4-滴异辛脂;
苯甲酸类除草剂为灭草畏、麦草畏或麦芽畏;
喹啉羧酸类除草剂为二氯喹啉酸或氯甲喹啉酸;
芳香基吡啶甲酸类除草剂为氟氯吡啶酯;
其它激素除草剂类为草除灵。
再进一步的优选为:
所述组合物中组分A和组分B两组分之间的重量比为1:80~20:1。
更进一步的优选为:
所述组分A,式I中:
R1选自甲基;
R2选自氟
R3选自氯;
R4选自CO2C2H5、CO2C3H7或CO2C4H9
R5选自甲基。
所述组分B为除草剂2,4-滴丁酯、三氯吡氧乙酸、氯氨吡啶酸、2甲4氯、麦草畏或草除灵。
所述组合物中组分A和组分B两组分之间的重量比为1:60~15:1。
所述组合物中组分A和组分B两组分之间的重量比为1:40~5:1。
一种除草组合物的应用,所述组合物在防除杂草中的应用。
一种除草剂,除草有效成分为权利要求1所述的除草组合物,除草组合物的重量百分含量为0.1~95%。
一种除草剂的应用,所述除草剂在防除杂草中的应用。所述除草剂在防除于非耕地、果园、橡胶园、闲置耕地、防火道、草坪、铁路、公路、机场及仓库场所的灭生除草。
上面给出的通式I化合物的定义中,汇集所用术语一般定义如下:
卤素:指氟、氯、溴或碘。烷基:直链或支链烷基,例如甲基、乙基、丙基、异丙基、正丁基或叔丁基。卤代烷基:直链或支链烷基,在这些烷基上的氢原子可部分或全部被卤原子所取代,例如,氯甲基、二氯甲基、三氯甲基、氟甲基、二氟甲基、三氟甲基等。
通式I的部分化合物可以用表1中列出的具体化合物来说明,但本发明并不仅限于这些化合物。表中的化合物R1=CH3,其他基团如表1所示。
Figure BDA0001578487510000031
表1
Figure BDA0001578487510000032
Figure BDA0001578487510000041
本发明除草剂施用于存在或预期存在的不希望植被的场所,及可以选择性或非选择性地用于存在或预期存在的不希望植被的场所。具体是可以施用于不希望植被生存的土壤中、不希望植被的茎叶,或作物种植前或播种后出苗前的烧荒及耐受作物及非耐受作物的苗后处理。
所述的除草剂施用于非耕地、果园、橡胶园、闲置耕地、桉树林、杉树林、森林、防火道、草坪、铁路、公路、机场及仓库场所。
所述的果园包括苹果园、桃园、葡萄园、梨园、茶园、桑园、柑橘园。所述不希望的植被包括禾本科杂草、阔叶杂草、莎草科杂草、藻类、蕨类和木本灌木。
本发明提出的组合物具有以下优点:
1、本发明除草剂两种活性成分之间具有非常明显的增效作用,进而降低了各活性成分的用量;
2、本发明除草剂利用不同作用机制的互补,兼具触杀和内吸的特性,增加了对田间干旱、低温等不良环境的适应性,加快了反应速度,除草更彻底;
3、本发明除草剂有较长的持效期,可以减少施药次数,节省更多的人力物力;
4、本发明对某些草甘膦耐性杂草如小飞蓬、狗牙根、牛筋草等具有很高的防除效果;
5、本发明除草剂茎叶喷雾处理,可用于防除非耕地、果园、闲置耕地、橡胶园、桉树林、森林、防火道、草坪、铁路、公路、机场及仓库等场所的大多数杂草。
具体实施方式
本发明除草剂对禾本科杂草和阔叶杂草的协同增效作用可通过下列实施例作进一步说明,但本发明绝非仅限于此,其中,本发明除草剂活性组分为组分A和组分B,所述组分A为化合物A,组分B为激素类除草剂。所有配比中的百分比均为重量百分比,活性组分以有效含量计算。
制备实施例
除草剂活性组分为组分A和组分B,其中组分A为化合物A,组分B为激素类除草剂;组分A和组分B两组分之间的重量比为:1:100~40:1。
所述组分A为具有如下结构式I所示的化合物;
Figure BDA0001578487510000051
式I中:
R1选自甲基;
R2、R3可相同或不同分别选自氢、氟或氯;
R4选自CO2R6
R5选自氢、甲基、乙基、叔丁基或三氟甲基;
R6选自氢、甲基、乙基、正丙基、正丁基、异丙基、异丁基、叔丁基、三氟乙基、烯丙基、炔丙基、甲氧基乙基、乙氧基乙基、2-四氢呋喃亚甲基或3-四氢呋喃亚甲基。生物活性测定实施例
本发明除草剂活性组分为化合物A分别与B复配对杂草的室内联合作用测定,组分A为具有通式I结构的表1中A-6化合物,组分B以B1为2,4-滴丁酯,B2为三氯吡氧乙酸,B3为氨氯吡啶酸,B4为麦草畏,B5为2甲4氯,B6为草除灵中的一种为例。
通过室内盆栽试验,明确组合物对杂草的联合作用。
杂草培养方法为:将定量的阔叶杂草小飞蓬、三裂叶豚草种子和禾本科杂草牛筋草、狗牙根的种子分别播于直径为7cm的装有营养土的纸杯中,播后覆土、镇压、淋水后在温室培养。禾本科杂草长至5~7叶期、阔叶杂草6~8叶期,茎叶喷雾处理,试验设3次重复。处理待药液自然风干,放于温室内按常规方法管理,根据杂草受抑制或死亡的情况,于处理后30天,进行目测防效调查。
本发明采用Gowing法对提出的组合物的联合作用进行评价。
理论值
Figure BDA0001578487510000052
式中:
X—除草剂组分A用量为P时的杂草防效;
Y—除草剂组分B用量为Q时的杂草防效;
E0—除草剂组分A用量为P时的理论防效+除草剂组分B用量为Q时的理论防效;
E—除草剂组分A与除草剂组分B按上述比例混用后的实测防效。
当E-E0>10时,为增效作用;当E-E0<-10时,为拮抗作用;当E-E0值介于±10时,为加成作用。
表2 化合物A1与B1混用对杂草的联合作用
Figure BDA0001578487510000053
Figure BDA0001578487510000061
表3 化合物A1与B2混用杂草的联合作用
Figure BDA0001578487510000062
Figure BDA0001578487510000071
表4 化合物A1与B3混用对杂草的联合作用
Figure BDA0001578487510000072
表5 化合物A1与B4混用对杂草的联合作用
Figure BDA0001578487510000073
Figure BDA0001578487510000081
表6 化合物A1与B5混用对杂草的联合作用
Figure BDA0001578487510000082
表7 化合物A1与B6混用对杂草的联合作用
Figure BDA0001578487510000083
Figure BDA0001578487510000091
试验结果(表2,表3,表4,表5,表6,表7)表明,化合物A1分别与化合物B1在1:40~1:1混用、与化合物B2在1:80~0.8:1混用、与化合物B3在1:20~3:1混用对牛筋草和小飞蓬表现出明显的增效作用;化合物A1分别与化合物B4在1:20~3:1、与化合物B5在1:40~1:1混用对狗牙根和三裂叶豚草表现出明显的增效作用;化合物A1与化合物B6在1:20~3:1混用对牛筋草和三裂叶豚草表现出明显的增效作用。
田间药效实施例
在茶园行间施用本发明涉及的除草剂组合物,用于控制不希望的植被。
试验地点在苏州农业职业技术学院东山试验基地茶园进行,茶园行间发生的杂草以阔叶杂草小飞蓬和禾本科杂草牛筋草为主要优势种群的杂草,还有其它如附地菜、荔枝草等少量发生。
于处理后7天调查除草剂及组合物对杂草的目测防效,于处理后15、30天调查除草剂组合物对杂草的株防效,每小区调查0.25m2杂草残留株数,株防效计算公式:
Figure BDA0001578487510000092
表8 处理后7天除草剂组合物对杂草的目测防效(%)
Figure BDA0001578487510000093
Figure BDA0001578487510000101
表9 除草剂组合物对杂草的株防效(%)
Figure BDA0001578487510000102
田间试验结果表明,以上制剂实施例相比于各单剂除草速度更快,杀草谱更宽,而且控制杂草的持效期更长。
综上所述,本发明除草组合物,较单一药剂的除草效果显著提高,表现出极好的增效作用,对禾本科杂草和阔叶杂草均具有较好的防治效果,扩大了杀草谱,并可以有效的降低药剂的使用剂量,有较长的持效期,在减少农民用药次数的同时,减少对环境的影响,符合国家对农药减施增效的方针计划。

Claims (4)

1.一种除草组合物,其特征在于:除草组合物活性组分由组分A和组分B组成,组分A为具有如下结构式I所示的化合物;组分B选自激素类除草剂类,
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE002
式I
所述组分A,式I中:
R1选自甲基;
R2选自氟
R3选自氯;
R4选自CO2C2H5、CO2C3H7或CO2C4H9
R5选自甲基;
所述组分B为除草剂2,4-滴丁酯、三氯吡氧乙酸、氯氨吡啶酸、2甲4氯、麦草畏或草除灵;
所述组合物中组分A和组分B两组分之间的重量比为1:40~5:1。
2.一种权利要求1所述的除草组合物的应用, 其特征在于:所述组合物在防除杂草中的应用。
3.一种除草剂,其特征在于:除草有效成分为权利要求1所述的除草组合物,除草组合物的重量百分含量为0.1~ 95%。
4.一种权利要求3所述的除草剂的应用, 其特征在于:所述除草剂在防除杂草中的应用。
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