CN110144452B - Multi-constrained-layer supercharged device and method for inhibiting deformation of laser shock strengthened plate - Google Patents
Multi-constrained-layer supercharged device and method for inhibiting deformation of laser shock strengthened plate Download PDFInfo
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- CN110144452B CN110144452B CN201910292247.8A CN201910292247A CN110144452B CN 110144452 B CN110144452 B CN 110144452B CN 201910292247 A CN201910292247 A CN 201910292247A CN 110144452 B CN110144452 B CN 110144452B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D10/00—Modifying the physical properties by methods other than heat treatment or deformation
- C21D10/005—Modifying the physical properties by methods other than heat treatment or deformation by laser shock processing
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of laser processing, and particularly relates to a multi-constrained-layer supercharged device and method for inhibiting deformation of a laser shock strengthened plate. According to the invention, the strength of the plate is increased by the action of the supporting flat plate and the edge pressing block to inhibit the concave deformation in the impact process, and the pressure acting on the impact surface is increased by filling the fluid constraint layer into the closed gap between the rigid beam layer and the plate to inhibit the convex deformation in the impact process, so that the buckling deformation of the plate can be well inhibited, the laser impact efficiency is improved, and the laser impact strengthening effect is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of laser processing, and particularly relates to a device and a method for suppressing deformation of a laser shock reinforced plate by multiple constrained layers in a pressurizing manner, in particular to a device for suppressing deformation of a plate in a laser shock reinforcement process, so that the laser shock reinforcement effect is improved.
Background
The Laser Shock Peening (LSP) technique is a new type of surface treatment technique, which utilizes high energy density (GW/cm)2Magnitude), the short pulse (magnitude of 10ns-30 ns) laser impacts the surface of the material, plasma is generated on the surface of the material due to high energy induction of instant absorption of the absorption layer, the plasma can generate shock waves on the surface of the material under the constraint of the constraint layer of the plasma and spread towards the interior of the material, so that plastic deformation and dislocation structures are generated in a certain area of the surface of the material, larger residual compressive stress is formed on the surface layer of the material, and the fatigue strength and the corrosion resistance of the material are improved. At present, the laser shock peening technology is widely applied to the fields of aerospace, automobiles and other mechanical manufacturing to prolong the service life of materials.
In the process of laser shock strengthening of the plate, due to the huge acting force generated instantly by plasma explosion, the warping phenomenon can be generated when the laser shock is applied to the alloy with better plasticity and toughness. When the plate material is deformed, the effect of laser shock is affected, and if the deformation is large, the plate material needs to be corrected and processed in a mechanical mode after the laser shock, so that the effect of laser shock strengthening is damaged, and the machining process is increased. It is therefore necessary to suppress the impact deformation thereof during the laser shock peening of the sheet material.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides a multi-constrained-layer supercharged device for inhibiting the deformation of a laser shock strengthening plate, which is used for inhibiting shock deformation and improving the shock strengthening effect.
The invention adopts the following specific technical scheme:
a multi-constraint-layer supercharged device for inhibiting laser shock strengthening of a plate is characterized by comprising a laser generator, a reflector, a focusing lens, an edge pressing block, a rigid constraint layer, a hydraulic pump, a supporting flat plate, a numerical control workbench, an energy absorption layer, a plate, a fluid constraint layer, a pressure sensor, a hydraulic cavity, a hydraulic valve and a central numerical control system; the supporting flat plate is fixed on the numerical control workbench, the hydraulic cavity is positioned on the supporting flat plate, the energy absorption layer is pasted on the plate, then the plate is placed in the hydraulic cavity, the rigid constraint layer covers the hydraulic cavity to form a sealing structure, then fluid is filled into an intermediate gap layer formed between the plate and the rigid constraint layer to form a fluid constraint layer in the hydraulic cavity, a pressure sensor is arranged in the hydraulic cavity, and the hydraulic cavity is externally connected with a hydraulic pump and a hydraulic valve; the edge pressing block is positioned at the peripheral position on the rigid constraint layer and used for fixing the rigid constraint layer; the central control system is connected with the laser generator and the pressure sensor, and laser emitted by the laser generator sequentially passes through the reflector and the focusing lens to perform impact strengthening on the plate.
The method for inhibiting the deformation of the thin plate in the laser shock strengthening is characterized in that the strength of the plate is increased through the actions of the supporting flat plate and the edge pressing block to inhibit the concave deformation in the shock process, and the convex deformation in the shock process is inhibited through a mode that the fluid constraint layer is filled in the middle gap layer formed between the rigid constraint layer and the plate to increase the pressure acting on the shock surface, so that the deformation of the plate in the shock process is inhibited, and the method comprises the following specific steps:
A. pretreating the plate;
B. attaching an energy absorption layer on the surface of the plate;
C. placing the plate stuck with the energy absorption layer in a hydraulic cavity, placing a rigid restraint layer 5-8mm above the plate and forming a middle gap layer at the same time, and fixing the rigid restraint layer by using a blank holder;
D. filling fluid into the middle gap layer in the hydraulic cavity by using a hydraulic pump, and obtaining a fluid constraint layer in the middle gap layer formed between the plate and the rigid constraint layer;
E. setting a pressure value required in a corresponding hydraulic cavity on the central control system, and feeding back the pressure value to the control system through a pressure sensor in the hydraulic cavity to control the hydraulic pump to work to reach the set pressure value;
F. adjusting parameters of a laser generator according to parameters required by impact, and compiling a program to control the motion of the numerical control working platform;
G. and (4) performing impact strengthening treatment on the plate, and cleaning the plate after the impact strengthening treatment is completed.
1. The support flat plate and the edge pressing block are adopted to enhance the strength of the plate, the sinking deformation of the plate in the impact process is inhibited, the fluid constraint layer is filled in the gap layer between the plate and the rigid constraint layer to increase the pressure, the positive pressure acts on the impact surface of the plate to inhibit the bulging deformation in the impact process, and meanwhile, the existence of the hydraulic cavity ensures that the periphery of the formed gap layer is closed.
2. The pretreatment in the step A is that metallographic abrasive paper is adopted to grind the sample to be treated step by step, a polishing machine is used for polishing, and then the sample is placed in alcohol solution and an ultrasonic cleaning machine is used for removing dust and oil stains on the surface.
3. In the step B, the energy absorption layer is aluminum foil, black paint or black adhesive tape.
4. In the step C, the surface of the support plate is flat, and the function of the flat is to enhance the strength of the flexible plate. The rigid restraint layer is a high-strength polycarbonate glass plate, commonly called space glass, and an intermediate space layer of 5-8mm is formed between the rigid restraint layer and the plate for filling the fluid restraint layer to increase pressure.
5. In the described step D, the hydraulic pump is a high pressure pump, and can reach the required values of different pressures. The hydraulic cavity is in a closed state, the rigid constraint layer is fixedly compressed through the edge pressing block to form a seal, and a sealing rubber strip is used on the contact surface of the rigid constraint layer and the hydraulic cavity to ensure that good tightness is formed.
6. In the step E, the pressure sensor in the hydraulic cavity can detect the pressure value in the hydraulic cavity in real time and control the hydraulic pump by feeding back the pressure value to the central control system; the pressure value required in the hydraulic cavity is within the strength range of 100MPa-200 MPa.
7. In the described step F, the laser generator uses a single pulse Nd: YAG laser, the working parameters are: the wavelength is 1064nm, the pulse width is 5-10ns, the single pulse energy is 1.5-10J, the spot radius is 1-3mm, and the spot overlapping rate is 50%.
According to the invention, the strength of the plate is increased by the action of the supporting flat plate and the edge pressing block to inhibit the concave deformation in the impact process, and the pressure acting on the impact surface is increased by filling the fluid constraint layer into the closed gap between the rigid beam layer and the plate to inhibit the convex deformation in the impact process, so that the buckling deformation of the plate can be well inhibited. Therefore, the device can effectively inhibit the deformation of the plate in the impact process, improve the laser impact efficiency and improve the laser impact strengthening effect.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the examples or the description of the prior art will be briefly described below.
FIG. 1 is a diagram of a laser shock peening apparatus as described herein.
In fig. 1, 1 represents a laser generator, 2 represents a reflector, 3 represents a focusing lens, 4 represents an edge pressing block, 5 represents a rigid constraint layer, 6 represents a hydraulic pump, 7 represents a support flat plate, 8 represents a numerical control working platform, 9 represents an energy absorption layer, 10 represents a plate, 11 represents a fluid constraint layer, 12 represents a pressure sensor, 13 represents a hydraulic cavity, 14 represents a hydraulic valve, and 15 represents a central numerical control system.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention is further described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
A6061-T6 aluminum alloy is selected as a research object, a 6061-T6 material is cut into a sample with the size of 50mm multiplied by 4mm, the surface of the sample is polished to 2000 meshes from 800 meshes step by using sand paper, then the surface of the sample is polished, and the polished sample is placed in an alcohol solution and cleaned by using an ultrasonic cleaner.
The method comprises the steps of spraying black paint on the surface of a pretreated sample to serve as an energy absorption layer 9, placing the sample sprayed with the black paint in a hydraulic cavity 13, fixing a rigid constraint layer 5 on the hydraulic cavity 13 through edge pressing blocks 4 on the periphery, and forming a 5-8mm closed gap layer between a plate 10 and the rigid constraint layer 5 to fill a fluid constraint layer 11. The support plate 7 and the edge blocks 4 can fix the sheet material and increase the strength of the sheet material. The central control system 15 sets the pressure value in the corresponding hydraulic cavity 13 to be 150MPa, and then the central control system controls the hydraulic pump 6 to work so as to fill liquid into the hydraulic cavity 13. When the pressure value in the hydraulic chamber 13 reaches a preset set value through the pressure sensor 12, the pressure value is fed back to the central control system 15, and then the hydraulic pump is controlled to stop working. Corresponding laser shock parameters are set in the central control system 15, and then the laser generator 1 is controlled to perform a laser shock experiment. In this example, the parameters of the laser were set to a wavelength of 1064nm, a pulse width of 10ns, a pulse energy of 5J, a spot diameter of 3mm, a lap ratio of 50%, and the number of impacts of two. After the impact is completed, the hydraulic valve 14 is opened to discharge the liquid in the hydraulic chamber 13, and the impacted sample is taken out. And cleaning the punched plate.
The main reason for inhibiting the impact deformation of the plate in the laser impact process by using the device is that the strength of the plate is increased by the action of the supporting flat plate 7 and the edge pressing block 4 to inhibit the concave deformation in the impact process, and the pressure acting on the impact surface is increased by filling the fluid constraint layer 11 into the closed gap layer formed between the rigid constraint layer 5 and the plate 10 to inhibit the convex deformation in the impact process, so that the buckling deformation of the plate can be well inhibited. Therefore, the device can inhibit the deformation of the plate in the laser shock process and improve the laser shock strengthening effect.
Claims (8)
1. The device is characterized by comprising a laser generator, a reflector, a focusing lens, an edge pressing block, a rigid restraint layer, a hydraulic pump, a supporting flat plate, a numerical control workbench, an energy absorption layer, a plate, a fluid restraint layer, a pressure sensor, a hydraulic cavity, a hydraulic valve and a central numerical control system; the supporting flat plate is fixed on the numerical control workbench, the hydraulic cavity is positioned on the supporting flat plate, the energy absorption layer is pasted on the plate, then the plate is placed in the hydraulic cavity, the rigid constraint layer covers the hydraulic cavity to form a sealing structure, then fluid is filled into an intermediate gap layer formed between the plate and the rigid constraint layer to form a fluid constraint layer in the hydraulic cavity, a pressure sensor is arranged in the hydraulic cavity, and the hydraulic cavity is externally connected with a hydraulic pump and a hydraulic valve; the edge pressing block is positioned at the peripheral position on the rigid constraint layer and used for fixing the rigid constraint layer; the central numerical control system is connected with the laser generator and the pressure sensor, and laser emitted by the laser generator sequentially passes through the reflector and the focusing lens to perform impact strengthening on the plate.
2. The method for inhibiting the deformation of the thin plate in the laser shock strengthening process by utilizing the device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the strength of the plate is increased by the action of the supporting flat plate and the edge pressing block to inhibit the concave deformation in the shock process, and the convex deformation in the shock process is inhibited by the way that the fluid constraint layer is filled in the middle gap layer formed between the rigid constraint layer and the plate to increase the pressure acting on the shock surface, so as to inhibit the deformation of the plate in the shock process, and the method comprises the following specific steps:
A. pretreating the plate;
B. attaching an energy absorption layer on the surface of the plate;
C. placing the plate stuck with the energy absorption layer in a hydraulic cavity, placing a rigid restraint layer 5-8mm above the plate and forming a middle gap layer at the same time, and fixing the rigid restraint layer by using a blank holder block;
D. filling fluid into the middle gap layer in the hydraulic cavity by using a hydraulic pump, and obtaining a fluid constraint layer in the middle gap layer formed between the plate and the rigid constraint layer;
E. setting a pressure value required in a corresponding hydraulic cavity on the central numerical control system, and feeding back the pressure value to the central numerical control system through a pressure sensor in the hydraulic cavity to control the hydraulic pump to work to reach the set pressure value;
F. adjusting parameters of a laser generator according to parameters required by impact, and compiling a program to control the motion of the numerical control working platform;
G. and (4) performing impact strengthening treatment on the plate, and cleaning the plate after the impact strengthening treatment is completed.
3. The method as claimed in claim 2, wherein said step A comprises the steps of grinding the sample to be treated with metallographic abrasive paper, polishing with a polishing machine, and removing dust and oil from the surface of the sample by ultrasonic cleaning in an alcohol solution.
4. The method of claim 2, wherein in said step B, the energy absorbing layer is aluminum foil, black paint, or black tape.
5. The method of claim 2 wherein in said step C, the support plate is flat and has a surface that enhances the strength of the ductile plate; the rigid restraint layer is a polycarbonate glass plate, and an intermediate gap layer of 5-8mm is formed between the rigid restraint layer and the plate for filling the fluid restraint layer to increase pressure.
6. The method of claim 2, wherein in said step D, the hydraulic pump is a high pressure pump capable of achieving the desired values of different pressures; the hydraulic cavity is in a closed state, the rigid constraint layer is fixedly compressed through the edge pressing block to form a seal, and a sealing rubber strip is used on the contact surface of the rigid constraint layer and the hydraulic cavity to ensure that good tightness is formed.
7. The method of claim 2, wherein in step E, the pressure sensor in the hydraulic chamber is capable of detecting the pressure value in the hydraulic chamber in real time and controlling the hydraulic pump by feeding back the pressure value to the central numerical control system; the pressure value required in the hydraulic cavity is within the strength range of 100MPa-200 MPa.
8. A method according to claim 2, characterized in that, in said step F, the laser generator uses a single pulse Nd: YAG laser, the working parameters are: the wavelength is 1064nm, the pulse width is 5-10ns, the single pulse energy is 1.5-10J, the spot radius is 1-3mm, and the spot overlapping rate is 50%.
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| CN112063831A (en) * | 2020-09-08 | 2020-12-11 | 中国航空制造技术研究院 | Water confinement layer regulating and controlling device and method for metal plate laser shot blasting |
| CN113967797A (en) * | 2021-10-26 | 2022-01-25 | 江苏大学 | Method and device for detecting pressure of laser shock liquid micro-forming shock wave |
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| FR2651508B1 (en) * | 1989-09-05 | 1994-05-13 | Centre Nal Recherc Scientifique | LASER SHOCK TREATMENT DEVICE. |
| FR2714320A1 (en) * | 1993-12-27 | 1995-06-30 | Gec Alsthom Electromec | Laser beam surface treatment of metal |
| CN100335227C (en) * | 2005-03-04 | 2007-09-05 | 江苏大学 | Laser impinging composite constrained layer |
| CN102560079B (en) * | 2012-01-05 | 2013-10-23 | 江苏大学 | Laser shock peening method and device using high-pressure gas as constrained layer |
| CN103710493B (en) * | 2013-12-23 | 2015-12-09 | 江苏大学 | The laser impact processing method of the liquid restraint layer of a kind of liquid absorbent layer and device |
| CN103725867B (en) * | 2013-12-23 | 2015-11-18 | 江苏大学 | A kind of laser impact processing method of porous plate and device |
| CN105458496A (en) * | 2015-12-16 | 2016-04-06 | 江苏大学 | Synchronous welding and forming method and device for laser shock metal foil plates |
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