CN110144116A - 柔性多层压缩空气管材 - Google Patents
柔性多层压缩空气管材 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN110144116A CN110144116A CN201910111043.XA CN201910111043A CN110144116A CN 110144116 A CN110144116 A CN 110144116A CN 201910111043 A CN201910111043 A CN 201910111043A CN 110144116 A CN110144116 A CN 110144116A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- weight
- layer
- polyamide
- range
- plastic pipe
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 229920002647 polyamide Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- 239000004952 Polyamide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 229920000572 Nylon 6/12 Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 229920006659 PA12 Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 claims description 23
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000004014 plasticizer Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- -1 N- substituted sulfonamides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethene Chemical compound C=C VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000005977 Ethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- RLSSMJSEOOYNOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N m-cresol Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC(O)=C1 RLSSMJSEOOYNOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004711 α-olefin Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920000089 Cyclic olefin copolymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004594 Masterbatch (MB) Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- FPYJFEHAWHCUMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N maleic anhydride Chemical compound O=C1OC(=O)C=C1 FPYJFEHAWHCUMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylene Natural products CC=C QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- YGSDEFSMJLZEOE-UHFFFAOYSA-M salicylate Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1C([O-])=O YGSDEFSMJLZEOE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000006057 Non-nutritive feed additive Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000008065 acid anhydrides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002671 adjuvant Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000003078 antioxidant effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002482 conductive additive Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000012760 heat stabilizer Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 229940124530 sulfonamide Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000003456 sulfonamides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 claims 2
- 239000012963 UV stabilizer Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 150000001336 alkenes Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 229940100630 metacresol Drugs 0.000 claims 1
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 89
- FJKROLUGYXJWQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N papa-hydroxy-benzoic acid Natural products OC(=O)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 FJKROLUGYXJWQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 18
- 229940090248 4-hydroxybenzoic acid Drugs 0.000 description 11
- IPRJXAGUEGOFGG-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-butylbenzenesulfonamide Chemical compound CCCCNS(=O)(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 IPRJXAGUEGOFGG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 229920000571 Nylon 11 Polymers 0.000 description 7
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 7
- NLKNQRATVPKPDG-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium iodide Chemical compound [K+].[I-] NLKNQRATVPKPDG-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 6
- 229920000299 Nylon 12 Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 229920002292 Nylon 6 Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 229920000305 Nylon 6,10 Polymers 0.000 description 4
- QOSMNYMQXIVWKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propyl levulinate Chemical compound CCCOC(=O)CCC(C)=O QOSMNYMQXIVWKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229920002302 Nylon 6,6 Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 3
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CJZGTCYPCWQAJB-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium stearate Chemical compound [Ca+2].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O CJZGTCYPCWQAJB-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 239000008116 calcium stearate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000013539 calcium stearate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 150000001721 carbon Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 2
- GBRBMTNGQBKBQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L copper;diiodide Chemical group I[Cu]I GBRBMTNGQBKBQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 239000000284 extract Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 2
- DCAYPVUWAIABOU-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexadecane Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC DCAYPVUWAIABOU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NAQMVNRVTILPCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexane-1,6-diamine Chemical compound NCCCCCCN NAQMVNRVTILPCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 2
- 150000003951 lactams Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 125000000383 tetramethylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([*:1])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[*:2] 0.000 description 2
- WTKWFNIIIXNTDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-isocyanato-5-methyl-2-(trifluoromethyl)furan Chemical compound CC1=CC(N=C=O)=C(C(F)(F)F)O1 WTKWFNIIIXNTDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WPYMKLBDIGXBTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzoic acid Natural products OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 WPYMKLBDIGXBTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005711 Benzoic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- COAXWQGZPUFCJR-UHFFFAOYSA-N CCCCCCCC[O] Chemical compound CCCCCCCC[O] COAXWQGZPUFCJR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000219 Ethylene vinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- QQHJDPROMQRDLA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hexadecane-1,16-dioic acid Natural products OC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QQHJDPROMQRDLA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phenol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1 ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004721 Polyphenylene oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001408 amides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000010233 benzoic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000006229 carbon black Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004595 color masterbatch Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001896 cresols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000006837 decompression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000006612 decyloxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000113 differential scanning calorimetry Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000019441 ethanol Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- UFRKOOWSQGXVKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethene;ethenol Chemical compound C=C.OC=C UFRKOOWSQGXVKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HQQADJVZYDDRJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethene;prop-1-ene Chemical group C=C.CC=C HQQADJVZYDDRJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004494 ethyl ester group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000004715 ethylene vinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004927 fusion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009477 glass transition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000003707 hexyloxy group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])O* 0.000 description 1
- 229920001519 homopolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 1
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- UFMBFIIJKCBBHN-MEKJRKEKSA-N myelin peptide amide-16 Chemical compound C([C@@H](C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(C)C)C(=O)N[C@@H](C)C(=O)N[C@@H](CO)C(=O)N[C@@H](C)C(N)=O)NC(=O)[C@H](CCCCN)NC(=O)[C@H](CO)NC(=O)[C@H](CCCNC(N)=N)NC(=O)[C@H](CCC(N)=O)NC(=O)[C@H](CO)NC(=O)[C@H]1N(CCC1)C(=O)[C@H](CCCNC(N)=N)NC(=O)[C@H](CCCCN)NC(=O)[C@H](CCC(N)=O)NC(=O)[C@H](C)NC(=O)[C@H](C)NC(C)=O)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 UFMBFIIJKCBBHN-MEKJRKEKSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 108010074682 myelin peptide amide-16 Proteins 0.000 description 1
- TVIDDXQYHWJXFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Dodecanedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O TVIDDXQYHWJXFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000005447 octyloxy group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])O* 0.000 description 1
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000058 polyacrylate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 150000004291 polyenes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000570 polyether Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 125000004805 propylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([*:1])C([H])([H])[*:2] 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- KUCOHFSKRZZVRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N terephthalaldehyde Chemical compound O=CC1=CC=C(C=O)C=C1 KUCOHFSKRZZVRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HQHCYKULIHKCEB-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetradecanedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O HQHCYKULIHKCEB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920001169 thermoplastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000012815 thermoplastic material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004416 thermosoftening plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C49/00—Blow-moulding, i.e. blowing a preform or parison to a desired shape within a mould; Apparatus therefor
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B1/00—Layered products having a non-planar shape
- B32B1/08—Tubular products
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/06—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
- B32B27/08—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of synthetic resin
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/18—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin characterised by the use of special additives
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/18—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin characterised by the use of special additives
- B32B27/22—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin characterised by the use of special additives using plasticisers
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/34—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising polyamides
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B37/00—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding
- B32B37/14—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by the properties of the layers
- B32B37/15—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by the properties of the layers with at least one layer being manufactured and immediately laminated before reaching its stable state, e.g. in which a layer is extruded and laminated while in semi-molten state
- B32B37/153—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by the properties of the layers with at least one layer being manufactured and immediately laminated before reaching its stable state, e.g. in which a layer is extruded and laminated while in semi-molten state at least one layer is extruded and immediately laminated while in semi-molten state
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60T—VEHICLE BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF; BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF, IN GENERAL; ARRANGEMENT OF BRAKING ELEMENTS ON VEHICLES IN GENERAL; PORTABLE DEVICES FOR PREVENTING UNWANTED MOVEMENT OF VEHICLES; VEHICLE MODIFICATIONS TO FACILITATE COOLING OF BRAKES
- B60T13/00—Transmitting braking action from initiating means to ultimate brake actuator with power assistance or drive; Brake systems incorporating such transmitting means, e.g. air-pressure brake systems
- B60T13/10—Transmitting braking action from initiating means to ultimate brake actuator with power assistance or drive; Brake systems incorporating such transmitting means, e.g. air-pressure brake systems with fluid assistance, drive, or release
- B60T13/24—Transmitting braking action from initiating means to ultimate brake actuator with power assistance or drive; Brake systems incorporating such transmitting means, e.g. air-pressure brake systems with fluid assistance, drive, or release the fluid being gaseous
- B60T13/26—Compressed-air systems
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60T—VEHICLE BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF; BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF, IN GENERAL; ARRANGEMENT OF BRAKING ELEMENTS ON VEHICLES IN GENERAL; PORTABLE DEVICES FOR PREVENTING UNWANTED MOVEMENT OF VEHICLES; VEHICLE MODIFICATIONS TO FACILITATE COOLING OF BRAKES
- B60T17/00—Component parts, details, or accessories of power brake systems not covered by groups B60T8/00, B60T13/00 or B60T15/00, or presenting other characteristic features
- B60T17/04—Arrangements of piping, valves in the piping, e.g. cut-off valves, couplings or air hoses
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L77/00—Compositions of polyamides obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic amide link in the main chain; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L77/00—Compositions of polyamides obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic amide link in the main chain; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L77/02—Polyamides derived from omega-amino carboxylic acids or from lactams thereof
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L77/00—Compositions of polyamides obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic amide link in the main chain; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L77/04—Polyamides derived from alpha-amino carboxylic acids
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L77/00—Compositions of polyamides obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic amide link in the main chain; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L77/06—Polyamides derived from polyamines and polycarboxylic acids
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L11/00—Hoses, i.e. flexible pipes
- F16L11/04—Hoses, i.e. flexible pipes made of rubber or flexible plastics
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L9/00—Rigid pipes
- F16L9/12—Rigid pipes of plastics with or without reinforcement
- F16L9/121—Rigid pipes of plastics with or without reinforcement with three layers
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2250/00—Layers arrangement
- B32B2250/03—3 layers
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- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2250/00—Layers arrangement
- B32B2250/24—All layers being polymeric
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2250/00—Layers arrangement
- B32B2250/40—Symmetrical or sandwich layers, e.g. ABA, ABCBA, ABCCBA
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2270/00—Resin or rubber layer containing a blend of at least two different polymers
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2274/00—Thermoplastic elastomer material
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
- B32B2307/30—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular thermal properties
- B32B2307/308—Heat stability
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
- B32B2307/40—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular optical properties
- B32B2307/402—Coloured
- B32B2307/4026—Coloured within the layer by addition of a colorant, e.g. pigments, dyes
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
- B32B2307/50—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular mechanical properties
- B32B2307/51—Elastic
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
- B32B2307/50—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular mechanical properties
- B32B2307/558—Impact strength, toughness
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- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
- B32B2307/70—Other properties
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Abstract
本发明涉及柔性多层压缩空气管材。一种塑料管材,由以下三个层组成:界定内部(2)的内层(3),直接邻接所述内层(3)的中层(4),和直接邻接所述中层(4)的外层(5),其中所述内层(3)在选自以下组的至少两种聚酰胺的混合物的基础上形成:PA12、PA612、PA616,或者基本上由其组成,所述中层(4)在PA612和/或PA616的基础上形成或者基本上由其组成,所述外层(5)在选自以下组的至少两种聚酰胺的混合物的基础上形成:PA12、PA612、PA616,或者基本上由其组成。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及热塑性材料的多层管材(line),特别是用于汽车工业中的压缩空气的多层管材,涉及用于生产这种管材的方法以及涉及这种管材的用途。
背景技术
基于由塑料、特别是聚酰胺制成的层状结构的压缩空气管材的使用已经被本领域声明了相当长的时间。由于涉及破裂压力强度、尤其是在高温下的破裂压力强度以及必要的机械特性(例如冲击韧性、断裂伸长率)的要求,这里优选使用表现出高的热稳固性、高的长度稳定性、以及在各种不同温度下的高耐压性的多层管。
EP-A-2 842 736描述了一种压缩空气制动管材,其具有至少50%的PA11或PA12的外层;并且包括由包含限度为至少50%的PA的模制组合物构成的内层,该PA的单体单元平均含有至少8个碳原子,在此排除PA11和PA12。此外,可以提供由模制组合物制成的最内层,其包含限度为至少50%的PA,PA的单体单元平均含有至少8个碳原子。作为实例,生产了从外到内的管结构,并测量了被称为环向强度或环向应力的比较应力。
EP-A-1 378 696公开了另一种压缩空气管材。这里,中间层通常是聚酰胺和聚烯烃的混合物,或基于具有聚醚嵌段和聚酰胺嵌段的共聚物。内层和外层在设计上是相同的,具体是由聚酰胺11或聚酰胺12构成;同样可能的是聚酰胺6和聚酰胺66或其他体系;没有提出混合物。没有展示具体的操作实施例,相反,只有一般性列表,这意味着无法再现所提出的结构的性能。
EP-A-2 409 830描述了一种柔性聚酰胺制动管材。一般地,描述了非常不同的多层结构。外层通常由单一的聚酰胺组成,并且提出内层在与外层相同的材料或者PA6或PA66的特定结构的情况下,以及在PA6、PA66、PA610和PA612的其他结构的情况下。仅描述了与聚醚-聚酰胺共聚物有关的混合物。其中进一步公开了中间层,它们由EVOH、由丙烯聚合物或由其他未说明的聚合物组成。
EP-A-1 717 022的任务是提供用于输送蒸气或液体的多层管。在最一般的意义上,要求保护由例如聚酰胺610(任选地另外与聚酰胺11混合)的单个必需层与在内侧或外侧的另外的层构成的双层管材。该另外的层仅由聚酰胺、PA11或PA12组成,任选地具有另外的添加剂;然而,该层中没有其他聚酰胺。实例使用双层管材,并且在使用三层管材的情况下,其在内侧和在外侧通常具有聚酰胺11的层,并且中间层由聚酰胺610或者由聚酰胺610和聚酰胺11的混合物组成。
WO-A-2011/136869描述了由多种聚酰胺制成的单层和多层管材。这里的破裂压力要求通过包括纤维增强层的方式来实现。这里仅示出了具有例如这种包含纤维的层的三层结构。没有展示具体的操作实施例,相反,仅给出了一般性列表,因此无法再现所提出的结构的性能。
还存在组合有聚酰胺和第二非聚酰胺热塑性塑料,例如,聚酯(特别是聚对苯二甲酸丁二醇酯)的其他结构。DE-A-4112662描述了聚酯结构。
US2004/096615公开了多层管材,其具有如下结构:具有PA6的层以及基于内酰胺6和内酰胺12的共聚物PA6/12的层。
发明内容
特别地,本发明的一个目的是提供具有非常好的破裂压力并且还具有符合相应标准的低萃取率的多层压缩空气管材。本发明的另一个目的是提供机械稳固的管材。本发明的目的通过权利要求1中限定的结构实现。
具体地,本发明涉及由以下三个层组成的塑料管材:
界定内部的内层,
直接邻接所述内层的中层,和
直接邻接所述中层的外层。
在该结构中,所述内层在选自以下组的至少两种聚酰胺的混合物的基础上形成:PA12、PA612、PA616,或者基本上由其组成。
所述中层在PA612和/或PA616的基础上形成或者基本上由其组成。
所述外层在选自以下组的至少两种聚酰胺的混合物的基础上形成:PA12、PA612、PA616,或者基本上由其组成。
聚酰胺PA612和PA616通常被构造为由六亚甲基二胺分别与1,12-十二烷二酸和1,16-十六烷二酸构成的均聚物(另参见ISO 1874-1:1992(E)和EN ISO 16396-1:2015)。
所提出的管材的第一优选实施方案的特征在于,内层在PA12和PA612的混合物的基础上形成或者基本上由其组成。
所提出的管材的第二优选实施方案的特征在于,外层在PA12和PA612的混合物的基础上形成或者基本上由其组成。
对于第一和第二实施方案,在每种情况下优选的情况是,PA612的分数占相应层的全部模制组合物的至少20重量%,优选地在20重量%至40重量%的范围内,特别优选地在25重量%至35重量%的范围内。
本发明塑料管材的进一步优选实施方案的特征在于,所述内层和所述外层两者均在PA12和PA612的混合物的基础上形成或者基本上由其组成,其中,在每种情况下,PA612的分数占相应层的全部模制组合物的至少20重量%,优选地在20重量%至40重量%的范围内,特别优选地在25重量%至35重量%的范围内。
中层优选地仅在PA612的基础上形成,而没有其他聚酰胺成分。
当在本文提到特定层“在聚酰胺xx的基础上”形成时,这优选意指除了所述聚酰胺xx之外,模制组合物不含除聚酰胺xx之外的其他聚酰胺。
内层的、外层的、优选内层和外层的模制组合物优选由以下成分组成:
(A)78重量%至96重量%、优选85重量%至95重量%的选自以下组的至少两种聚酰胺的混合物:PA12、PA612、PA616;
(B)2重量%至20重量%、优选2重量%至8重量%、特别优选3重量%至6重量%的冲击改性剂;
(C)2重量%至15重量%、优选4重量%至10重量%、特别优选5重量%至7重量%的增塑剂;
(D)0重量%至5重量%的除(B)和(C)之外的添加剂,
其中(A)至(D)的总和占形成各层的全部模制组合物的100重量%。
内层和外层的模制组合物优选地相同或近似相同。
优选地,组分(A)的组成如下:
(A1)50重量%至90重量%、优选60重量%至72重量%的聚酰胺PA12;
(A2)10重量%至50重量%、优选28重量%至40重量%的聚酰胺PA612;
其中(A1)至(A2)的总和占组分(A)的100重量%。
可选地或此外,情况是这样的,此外,组分(A)由聚酰胺PA12和聚酰胺PA612的混合物组成,其中比率在1:1至5:1的范围内,特别优选在1.2:1至4:1的范围内。
优选地,中层的模制组合物由以下成分组成:
(a)60重量%至92重量%、优选70重量%至90重量%或72重量%至90重量%的选自以下组的至少一种聚酰胺:PA612、PA616,其中优选仅聚酰胺612;
(b)5重量%至25重量%、优选10重量%至20重量%、特别优选12重量%至18重量%的冲击改性剂;
(c)3重量%至18重量%、优选4重量%至14重量%、特别优选7重量%至11重量%的增塑剂;
(d)0重量%至5重量%的除(b)和(c)之外的添加剂,
其中(a)至(d)的总和占100重量%。
至少一个层的聚酰胺、优选所有层的聚酰胺的根据ISO 307在20℃的温度下在间甲酚中测量的相对溶液粘度优选在2.0至2.4的范围内,优选在2.05至2.35的范围内。
进一步优选的是,它们的熔点在160℃至240℃或175℃至220℃的范围内,优选地,当选择为聚酰胺PA12时,熔点在175℃至180℃的范围内,当选择为聚酰胺PA612时,熔点在210℃至215℃的范围内。
添加剂(D,d)的分数优选在0.1重量%至3重量%的范围内,优选在0.5重量%至1重量%的范围内。
优选地,添加剂(D,d)选自以下组中的至少一种佐剂:抗氧化剂、加工助剂、UV稳定剂、热稳定剂、颜料、母料载体(masterbatch vehicle)、导电添加剂(conductivityadditive)、润滑剂或其混合物。
优选的稳定剂是碘化铜(I)和碘化钾/硬脂酸钙的组合。在另一个实施方案中,优选使用有机稳定剂。在进一步优选的实施方案中,内层包含铜稳定化,外层包含有机稳定化。
在添加剂的情况下,层中的至少一者、优选所有层优选地具有铜稳定化,优选基于CuI的,CuI的分数与相应层的全部模制组合物相比在0.01重量%至0.10重量%的范围内,或者分数为0.03重量%至0.07重量%。
一个进一步优选的实施方案的特征在于,所述冲击改性剂(B,b)是酸改性的乙烯-α-烯烃共聚物,特别优选经酸酐、更特别是马来酸酐接枝的乙烯/α-烯烃共聚物,更特别是如此改性的或如此接枝的乙烯/丁烯共聚物、乙烯/丙烯共聚物、或乙烯-丙烯/乙烯-丁烯共聚物及其混合物。
进一步优选的是所述增塑剂(C,c)选择为基于羟基苯甲酸酯的增塑剂和/或基于磺酰胺的增塑剂,优选N-取代磺酰胺增塑剂类,特别优选BBSA。
例如,合适的基于羟基苯甲酸酯的增塑剂包括如下体系:对羟基苯甲酸己基氧基乙氧基乙酯;对羟基苯甲酸己基氧基丙氧基丙酯;对羟基苯甲酸己基氧基丁氧基丁酯;对羟基苯甲酸辛基氧基乙氧基乙酯;对羟基苯甲酸辛基氧基丙氧基丙酯;对羟基苯甲酸辛基氧基丁氧基丁酯;对羟基苯甲酸2’-乙基己基氧基乙氧基乙酯;对羟基苯甲酸2’-乙基己基氧基丙氧基丙酯;对羟基苯甲酸2’-乙基己基氧基丁氧基丁酯;对羟基苯甲酸癸基氧基乙氧基乙酯;对羟基苯甲酸癸基氧基丙氧基丙酯;对羟基苯甲酸癸基氧基丁氧基丁酯;或其混合物。
本发明还涉及用于生产上述塑料管材的方法,优选地其特征在于所述三个层在连续和/或非连续操作中,优选在挤出吹塑模制操作、串列式挤出(tandem extrusion)操作、包鞘(sheathing)方法操作或(共)挤出操作中形成为中空体,特别优选地形成为管或管材或容器。
最后,本发明涉及这种塑料管材的如下用途:作为压力管材,特别是作为压缩空气管材,优选地汽车工业中的,特别优选地作为汽车工业中的压缩空气制动管材,优选地在内压力最高至100巴、特别优选最高至90巴并且特别优选在80巴至100巴的范围内的条件下。
另一些实施方案在从属权利要求中指出。
附图说明
在下文中参考附图描述了本发明的优选实施方案,附图仅用于说明而不应被解释为强加任何限制。在附图中:
图1以垂直于路径方向的截面图示出了压缩空气管材。
具体实施方式
图1以横向于主路径方向的截面图示出了根据本发明的示例性压缩空气管材1。
截面面积可以在主路径方向上恒定;换言之,管可以具有基本上中空圆柱形的形状。
例如,或者,截面面积可以沿主路径方向以波纹管的形式变化。
内部2被管壁包围。径向向外,内部2首先接着内层3,内层3的内侧面7邻接内部2并限定内部。该内层在聚酰胺12和聚酰胺612的混合物的基础上形成,没有其他不同的聚酰胺成分。
直接邻接内层3而在其间没有粘合促进剂的层,接着是中层4,其在聚酰胺612的基础上形成,没有其他不同的聚酰胺成分。
向外直接邻接该中层4并且同样在其间没有粘合促进剂的层,接着是外层5。外层5在聚酰胺12和聚酰胺612的混合物的基础上形成,没有其他不同的聚酰胺成分。外层5的外侧面6向外限定管材。
所使用的起始材料:
PA12:高粘度聚酰胺12,根据ISO 3146测量的Tm=178℃,按照在100mL间甲酚溶液中的0.5g聚酰胺测量的ηrel=2.25。
PA612:聚酰胺612,根据ISO 3146测量的Tm=215℃,按照在100mL间甲酚溶液中的0.5g聚酰胺测量的ηrel=2.15。
WM:增塑剂,N-丁基苯磺酰胺(BBSA),可由Lanxess以商品名Uniplex 214获得。
SZM:可由Mitsui Chemicals获得的Tafmer MC201,MVR(在230℃/2.16kg下测量)为1.2g/10分钟(ASTM D1238),根据ISO 11357-2(2013)测量的Tg为-60℃。Tafmer MC-201是一种冲击改性剂,呈经马来酸酐接枝的乙烯-丙烯共聚物和乙烯-丁烯共聚物的混合物的形式,即67%EP共聚物(20mol%丙烯)+33%EB共聚物(15mol%1-丁烯)的g-MAH(-0.6%)共混物。
Stab:比率为8∶1∶49的碘化铜(I)、硬脂酸钙、碘化钾。
SMB:Euthylen Black,基于PE的基于炭黑(40%)的色母料,可从BASF(Ludwigshafen,DE)获得。
表1:实施例1中使用的模制组合物的特性(干燥)
特性 | 单位 | 内层和外层 | 中层 |
弹性模量 | MPa | 1000 | 700 |
断裂应力 | MPa | 45 | 50 |
断裂伸长率 | % | 200 | 200 |
熔点 | ℃ | 173 | 210 |
测试样品的生产:
将管在240℃至260℃的熔融温度下在-140毫巴的减压下以16m/分钟的挤出速率共挤出。使用的测试样品是外径为12mm、壁厚为1.5mm的管。
在每种情况下对外径为12mm的样品进行五次测试。
根据测试要求调整管的长度。
用于测量的管的结构:
将三个层构造如下:外层0.15mm;中层1.2mm;内层0.15mm,总壁厚1.5mm。
表2:测试管的组成
M:中层;O/I:外层和内层
对所述材料和管结构进行的测试如下:
除非另有说明或标准强制要求,否则测量在50%相对湿度下进行。
可萃取分数:根据DIN 73378(1996),6.4.4节测试:根据DIN 53738用方法A在(18±1)小时的萃取时间期间进行测试。使用粉碎机粉碎管样品。根据DIN ISO 3310-1,利用受到网筛500μm和3.15mm限制的丸粒部分进行萃取。使用的萃取液是乙醇。
对模制组合物测量断裂应力、断裂伸长率(50mm/分钟)和弹性模量(1mm/分钟):根据ISO 527(2012)以1mm/分钟的拉伸速度对遵循ISO 3167的拉伸棒进行测量。
摆锤式冲击:根据DIN 73378(1996)6.4.6节进行测试。
比较应力:所生产的模制件的破裂压力在基于DIN 73378(1996)的方法中在尺寸为15cm长且12mm外径和1.5mm壁厚的中空体上进行测量。作为独立于管组成的材料特性的比较应力,使用DIN 73378(1996)3.2节中的方程式(1)由在内压力应力下确定的管的破裂压力来进行计算。
相对粘度:DIN EN ISO 307(2007),在处于20℃的温度下的0.5重量%浓度的间甲酚溶液中。
热行为:熔点Tm、熔化焓和玻璃化转变温度(Tg):ISO标准11357-1(2016)、-2(2013)和-3(2011),丸粒;差示扫描量热法(DSC)以20℃/分钟的加热速率进行。
表3:特性
E1 | CE1 | CE2 | CE3 | |||
可萃取分数 | % | 8.8 | 9.7 | 9.6 | 9.2 | |
比较应力 | 23℃ | MPa | 32 | 27 | 28 | 29 |
比较应力 | 80℃ | MPa | 16 | 14 | 15 | 14 |
比较应力 | 100℃ | MPa | 14 | 12 | 12 | 11 |
比较应力 | 130℃ | MPa | 10 | 9 | 9 | 8 |
摆锤式冲击 | -40±2℃ | No f. | No f. | No f. | No f. |
No f.=无破裂
本发明结果显示,对于压缩空气制动管材的内层和外层,将PA612添加到模制组合物中具有令人惊讶的效果。出乎意料的是,除了足够的摆锤式冲击之外,还观察到比较应力的改善和萃取的减少。因此,基于实验证据,可以显示PA612和PA12的混合物提供了管材的优化的机械特性以及可萃取分数的量的改进。
附图标记列表
1 压缩空气管材
2 内部
3 内层
4 中层
5 外层
6 外侧面
7 内侧面
Claims (15)
1.一种塑料管材,由以下三个层组成:界定内部(2)的内层(3),直接邻接所述内层(3)的中层(4),和直接邻接所述中层(4)的外层(5),其中
所述内层(3)在选自以下组的至少两种聚酰胺的混合物的基础上形成:PA12、PA612、PA616,或者基本上由其组成,其中PA612的分数在形成所述内层的模制组合物的20重量%至40重量%的范围内,
所述中层(4)在PA612和/或PA616的基础上形成或者基本上由其组成,
所述外层(5)在选自以下组的至少两种聚酰胺的混合物的基础上形成:PA12、PA612、PA616,或者基本上由其组成,其中PA612的分数在形成所述内层的模制组合物的20重量%至40重量%的范围内。
2.根据权利要求1所述的塑料管材,其特征在于,所述内层(3)在PA12和PA612的混合物的基础上形成或者基本上由其组成,其中PA612的分数占相应层(3,5)的全部模制组合物的至少20重量%,优选地在20重量%至40重量%的范围内,特别优选地在25重量%至35重量%的范围内。
3.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的塑料管材,其特征在于,所述外层(5)在PA12和PA612的混合物的基础上形成或者基本上由其组成,
其中PA612的分数占相应层(3,5)的全部模制组合物的至少20重量%,优选地在20重量%至40重量%的范围内,特别优选地在25重量%至35重量%的范围内。
4.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的塑料管材,其特征在于,所述内层(3)和所述外层(5)两者均在PA12和PA612的混合物的基础上形成或者基本上由其组成,其中,在每种情况下,PA612的分数占相应层(3,5)的全部模制组合物的至少20重量%,优选地在20重量%至40重量%的范围内,特别优选地在25重量%至35重量%的范围内。
5.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的塑料管材,其特征在于,所述内层(3)的和/或所述外层(5)的、优选两个层(3,5)的模制组合物由以下成分组成:
(A)78重量%至96重量%、优选85重量%至95重量%的选自以下组的至少两种聚酰胺的混合物:PA12、PA612、PA616;
(B)2重量%至20重量%、优选2重量%至8重量%、特别优选3重量%至6重量%的冲击改性剂;
(C)2重量%至15重量%、优选4重量%至10重量%、特别优选5重量%至7重量%的增塑剂;
(D)0重量%至5重量%的除(B)和(C)之外的添加剂,
其中(A)至(D)的总和占100重量%。
6.根据权利要求5所述的塑料管材,其特征在于,组分(A)的组成如下:
(A1)50重量%至90重量%、优选60重量%至72重量%的聚酰胺PA12;
(A2)10重量%至50重量%、优选28重量%至40重量%的聚酰胺PA612;
其中(A1)至(A2)的总和占组分(A)的100重量%,
和/或其特征在于,组分(A)由聚酰胺PA12和聚酰胺PA612的混合物组成,其中比率在1:1至5:1的范围内,特别优选在1.2:1至4:1的范围内。
7.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的塑料管材,其特征在于,所述中层(4)的模制组合物由以下成分组成:
(a)60重量%至92重量%、优选70重量%至90重量%或72重量%至90重量%的选自以下组的聚酰胺:PA612、PA616;
(b)5重量%至25重量%、优选10重量%至20重量%、特别优选12重量%至18重量%的冲击改性剂;
(c)3重量%至18重量%、优选4重量%至14重量%、特别优选7重量%至11重量%的增塑剂;
(d)0重量%至5重量%的除(b)和(c)之外的添加剂,
其中(a)至(d)的总和占100重量%。
8.根据权利要求5至7中任一项所述的塑料管材,其特征在于,添加剂(D,d)的分数在0.1重量%至3重量%的范围内,优选在0.5重量%至1重量%的范围内,
和/或其特征在于,添加剂(D,d)选自以下组中的至少一种佐剂:抗氧化剂、加工助剂、UV稳定剂、热稳定剂、颜料、母料载体、导电添加剂、润滑剂或其混合物。
9.根据权利要求5至8中任一项所述的塑料管材,其特征在于,所述冲击改性剂(B,b)是酸改性的乙烯-α-烯烃共聚物,特别优选经酸酐、更特别是马来酸酐接枝的乙烯/α-烯烃共聚物,更特别是如此改性的或如此接枝的乙烯/丁烯共聚物、乙烯/丙烯共聚物、或乙烯-丙烯/乙烯-丁烯共聚物及其混合物。
10.根据权利要求5至9中任一项所述的塑料管材,其特征在于,所述增塑剂(C,c)选择为基于羟基苯甲酸酯的增塑剂和/或基于磺酰胺的增塑剂,优选N-取代磺酰胺增塑剂类,特别优选BBSA。
11.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的塑料管材,其特征在于,在添加剂(D,d)的情况下,所述层(3至5)中的至少一者、优选所有所述层具有铜稳定化,优选基于CuI的,CuI的分数与相应层的全部模制组合物相比在0.01重量%至0.10重量%的范围内,或者分数为0.03重量%至0.07重量%。
12.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的塑料管材,其特征在于,至少一个层的所述聚酰胺、优选所有所述层(3至5)的所述聚酰胺的根据ISO307(2007)在20℃的温度下在间甲酚中测量的相对溶液粘度在2.0至2.4的范围内,优选在2.05至2.35的范围内。
13.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的塑料管材,其特征在于,至少一个层的所述聚酰胺的熔点在160℃至240℃或175℃至220℃的范围内,优选地,当选择为聚酰胺PA12时,熔点在175℃至180℃的范围内,当选择为聚酰胺PA612时,熔点在210℃至215℃的范围内。
14.一种用于生产根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的塑料管材的方法,其特征在于,所述三个层在连续和/或非连续操作中,优选在挤出吹塑模制操作、串列式挤出操作、包鞘方法操作或(共)挤出操作中形成为中空体,特别优选地形成为管或管材或容器。
15.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的塑料管材的如下用途:作为压力管材,特别是作为压缩空气管材,优选地汽车工业中的,特别优选地作为汽车工业中的压缩空气制动管材,优选地在内压力最高至100巴、特别优选最高至90巴、并且特别优选在80巴至100巴的范围内的条件下。
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