CN110122252A - A kind of remodeling method improving the western wide fascia flap Characteristics and Water Conservation Function in river - Google Patents
A kind of remodeling method improving the western wide fascia flap Characteristics and Water Conservation Function in river Download PDFInfo
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- CN110122252A CN110122252A CN201910369846.5A CN201910369846A CN110122252A CN 110122252 A CN110122252 A CN 110122252A CN 201910369846 A CN201910369846 A CN 201910369846A CN 110122252 A CN110122252 A CN 110122252A
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 210000003195 fascia Anatomy 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
- 238000007634 remodeling Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000011835 investigation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 claims description 46
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 claims description 21
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 claims description 11
- 241000607479 Yersinia pestis Species 0.000 claims description 9
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 claims description 9
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 claims description 9
- 241000351396 Picea asperata Species 0.000 claims description 6
- 244000276440 Betula nigra Species 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000009131 Betula nigra Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 241000422846 Sequoiadendron giganteum Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005253 cladding Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 244000025254 Cannabis sativa Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 244000050510 Cunninghamia lanceolata Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 8
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 8
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000035425 carbon utilization Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000000243 photosynthetic effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000002269 spontaneous effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 4
- 241001334972 Abies recurvata Species 0.000 description 3
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 241000208140 Acer Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000018185 Betula X alpestris Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000018212 Betula X uliginosa Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000808643 Betula alnoides Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000013984 Betula alnoides Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 244000007021 Prunus avium Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000010401 Prunus avium Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000014441 Prunus serotina Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 240000004971 Pseudosasa japonica Species 0.000 description 1
- 240000007651 Rubus glaucus Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000011034 Rubus glaucus Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000009122 Rubus idaeus Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000014459 Sorbus Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241001092391 Sorbus Species 0.000 description 1
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- 230000008929 regeneration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011069 regeneration method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010421 standard material Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G23/00—Forestry
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Ecology (AREA)
- Forests & Forestry (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention discloses a kind of remodeling method for improving the western wide fascia flap Characteristics and Water Conservation Function in river, includes the following steps: 1) Type division；2) arbor tree is classified；3) stand conversion after dividing, the investigation result of root confirm gap size, woods window quantity, optimal combination and the layout of deforestation；4) after-culture is fostered, is adjusted, band-like, blocky, is determined and is marked and sparselys fell object；5) retain seedling.The present invention is minimum to the disturbances in ecosystems of artificial forest, the competition consumable between canopy arbor can be cut down, the net productivity of arbor is improved, promotes the renewal of forest, increase the structural complexity of forest, pushes the spontaneous recovery of undergrowth environment and soil geological unit composition and its food web relationship.The present invention realizes that forest photosynthetic carbon utilization efficiency maximizes, further promotes the carbon deposit of forest ecosystem to deposit on the basis of carbon emission reduction by the efficient utilization of the environmental resource of layer stereo.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to ecological restoration technical field more particularly to a kind of western wide fascia flap Characteristics and Water Conservation Functions in raising river
Remodeling method.
Background technique
The forest zone western Sichuan meter Ya Luo vegetation is vertically obvious at band, and type and habitat are divided different with height above sea level and slope aspect.It is former
Raw forest restoration is between 2400~4200m of height above sea level, and based on sub-alpine dark coniferous forest, main advantage tree species are Abies recurvata.
The area is felled on a large scale excessively between 1950~1978 years, and slash initial stage multiform is at raspberry or arrow bamboo shrubbery, by drilling for a long time
It replaces, the natural regeneration of the secondary deciduous species based on birch is also universal and largely occurs, and forms the secondary broad-leaved of large area
Woods.This kind of standing forest has the feature of single layer of the same age, using red birch, indian birch as dominant tree, and it is mixed have maple, lime tree, and
Many taller and bigger shrubs, such as wild cherry, Sorbus alnifloria；The update of primary coniferous species is in update step, succession layer, or just
Take place.It investigates early period to obtain, since this kind of standing forest is of the same age, single layer, vegetation and soil vertical space structure are relatively simple, whole
The water conservation ability of a forest ecosystem is poor, for this purpose, the present invention is by by the structural adjustment to such standing forest, realization is mentioned
High standing forest water conservation ability promotes effective performance of Ecological Function.
Summary of the invention
In view of the above-mentioned problems, the present invention provides a kind of remodeling method for improving the western wide fascia flap Characteristics and Water Conservation Function in river,
It is minimum to the disturbances in ecosystems of artificial forest, the competition consumable between canopy arbor can be cut down, the net productivity of arbor is improved, is promoted
The renewal of forest increases the structural complexity of forest, pushes oneself of undergrowth environment and soil geological unit composition and its food web relationship
So restore.The present invention realizes that forest photosynthetic carbon utilization efficiency maximizes by the efficient utilization of the environmental resource of layer stereo,
The carbon deposit of forest ecosystem is further promoted to deposit on the basis of carbon emission reduction.
In order to achieve the above objectives, the specific technical proposal of the invention is: a kind of western wide fascia flap water conservation in raising river
The remodeling method of function includes the following steps: 1) Type division；2) arbor tree is classified；3) stand conversion after dividing, the tune of root
It looks into as a result, confirming the gap size of deforestation, woods window quantity, optimal combination and layout；4) after-culture is fostered, is adjusted, band-like, blocky,
It determines and marks and sparsely fell object；5) retain seedling.
Preferably, in the step 1) Type division include: 6~October to the growing state of standing forest, stand structure,
Ground surface environment situation is investigated and is assessed, and is divided into three transformation types: I type standing forest, canopy density by the canopy density of arborous layer
More than or equal to 0.7；II type standing forest, canopy density are less than 0.7 and are more than or equal to 0.4；Type III standing forest, canopy density are less than 0.4.
Further, arbor tree is classified in the step 2) are as follows: is divided into 4 grades, I grades of wood are that form is good, growth vigor
Strong forest；II grades of wood are the forest that form is poor or growing way is weaker；III level wood is empty rotten wood, occurs decaying or Mortality
Forest；IV grades are the forest for seriously affecting the growth of purpose species of trees seedling and sapling.
Further, the I type standing forest is transformed using following method: 1) pressing the choosing wood principle of " five, which cut five, stays ", cut down except II
Grade, III level, IV grades at overdone wood, Ba Wangmu, forked tree, bending-wood, lose wood, pest and disease damage wood, backlog, and to red birch
Big tree carries out girdling, promotes its rate of death, girdling ratio is between 10-20%；2) it fosters: cutting off the filling for hiding the pressure purpose species of trees
Wood and the weeds that water, fertilizer are striven with the purpose species of trees, and will affect the branch of arboreal growth, dead arm, deadwood and pest and disease damage harm compared with
The branch excision of weight；3) retain 2400-3600 plants/hm after fostering adjustment2Seedling and sapling, Canopy densities are not less than 0.6.
Further, the II type standing forest is transformed using following method: 1) cutting down except seriously affecting purpose species of trees forward direction succession
With I, II grade wood of growth, foster sparsely fell rear canopy density cannot be less than 0.5；2) lumbering except II grades, III level, IV grades at it is overdone,
Overlord's wood, bending-wood, loses wood, pest and disease damage wood, backlog at forked tree；3) for the removing plant of small diameter grade, dispersion is laid in
Forest land, being subject to does not influence seedling and sapling growth, and the removing forest of 10cm or more is greater than to the diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground, is surpassed by Timber stands standard
Material is concentrated and stacks or transport forest land；4) retain seedling and sapling, remain with small-and-middle diameter wood, the seedlings or saplings of economic value, and can
The tree species such as Abies recurvata, dragon spruce are introduced, to form cladding theropencedrymion, accelerate succession process.
Further, the type III standing forest is transformed using following method: 1) scondary forest non-uniform for part, will
It is wherein sparse, and the location of undergrowth carries out clearcutting in strips, fells 1~2 times that bandwidth is generally mean height, it can
Introduction of plant Abies recurvata, dragon spruce etc. dig cave, surface soil and cubsoil difference compared with shade-tolerant tree species, by 0.4m × 0.4m × 0.3m specification
It stacks, cave is first filled out with surface soil, cave face is then overlayed on cubsoil, the density of plantation is 1500-3000/hectare；2): 2) standing forest is clear
Except miscellaneous filling, draft, litter etc. are dispersed on forest land
Standing forest after being transformed according to the above method, after 4 years, forest land moss maximum specific retention, accumulation and maximum water-holding capacity: withered
Although branch is fallen leaves, two kinds of maximum specific retention, accumulation and maximum water-holding capacity management styles result in the reduction of the soil weight, are in
The existing increased trend of water-holding capacity.
It compared with prior art, can the present invention has the advantage that the present invention is minimum to the disturbances in ecosystems of artificial forest
The competition consumable between canopy arbor is cut down, the net productivity of arbor is improved, promotes the renewal of forest, increasing forest, structure is complicated
Property, push the spontaneous recovery of undergrowth environment and soil geological unit composition and its food web relationship.The present invention passes through layer stereo
The efficient utilization of environmental resource is realized that forest photosynthetic carbon utilization efficiency maximizes, is further promoted on the basis of carbon emission reduction
The carbon deposit of forest ecosystem is deposited.
Specific embodiment
Example 1: a kind of remodeling method improving the western wide fascia flap Characteristics and Water Conservation Function in river includes the following steps: 1) class
Type divides；2) arbor tree is classified；3) stand conversion after dividing, the investigation result of root confirm gap size, the woods window number of deforestation
Amount, optimal combination and layout；4) after-culture is fostered, is adjusted, band-like, blocky, is determined and is marked and sparselys fell object；5) retain seedling.
Wherein Type division includes: in 6~October to the growing state of standing forest, stand structure, earth's surface in the step 1)
Environmental aspect is investigated and is assessed, and be divided into three transformation types by the canopy density of arborous layer: I type standing forest, canopy density are greater than
Equal to 0.7；II type standing forest, canopy density are less than 0.7 and are more than or equal to 0.4；Type III standing forest, canopy density are less than 0.4.
Arbor tree is classified in the step 2) are as follows: is divided into 4 grades, I grades of wood are that form is good, the strong forest of growth vigor；
II grades of wood are the forest that form is poor or growing way is weaker；III level wood is empty rotten wood, occurs decaying or the forest of Mortality；IV
Grade is to seriously affect the forest of purpose species of trees seedling and sapling growth.
The I type standing forest using following method be transformed: 1) press " five, which cut five, stays " choosing wood principle, cut down except II grades, III level,
IV grades at overdone wood, Ba Wangmu, forked tree, bending-wood, lose wood, pest and disease damage wood, backlog, and to the big tree of red birch carry out ring
It cuts, promotes its rate of death, girdling ratio is between 10-20%；2) it fosters: cutting off the shrub for hiding the pressure purpose species of trees and and mesh
Tree species strive the weeds of water, fertilizer, and will affect the branch of arboreal growth, dead arm, deadwood and pest and disease damage and endanger heavier branch and cut
It removes；3) retain 2400-3600 plants/hm after fostering adjustment2Seedling and sapling, Canopy densities are not less than 0.6.
The II type standing forest using following method be transformed: 1) cut down except seriously affect the succession of purpose species of trees forward direction and growth I,
II grades wood, foster sparsely fell rear canopy density cannot be less than 0.5；2) lumbering except II grade, III level, IV grades at overdone, Ba Wangmu, divide
Fork wood, bending-wood lose wood, pest and disease damage wood, backlog；3) for the removing plant of small diameter grade, dispersion is laid in forest land, with not
It influences to be greater than the diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground removing forest of 10cm or more subject to seedling and sapling growth, carries out super material by Timber stands standard, concentrate heap
Put or transport forest land；4) retain seedling and sapling, remain with small-and-middle diameter wood, the seedlings or saplings of economic value, and it is cold to introduce Ming River
The tree species such as China fir, dragon spruce accelerate succession process to form cladding theropencedrymion.
The type III standing forest is transformed using following method: 1) scondary forest non-uniform for part, will be wherein sparse,
And the location of undergrowth carries out clearcutting in strips, fells 1~2 times that bandwidth is generally mean height, it can introduction of plant Min
Jiang Lengshan, dragon spruce etc. dig cave compared with shade-tolerant tree species, by 0.4m × 0.4m × 0.3m specification, and surface soil and cubsoil are stacked respectively, first with
Surface soil fills out cave, then overlays on cave face with cubsoil, and the density of plantation is 1500-3000/hectare；2): 2) standing forest being removed into miscellaneous filling, grass
Sheet, litter etc. are dispersed on forest land
Standing forest after being transformed according to the above method, after 4 years, forest land moss maximum specific retention, accumulation and maximum water-holding capacity: withered
Although branch is fallen leaves, two kinds of maximum specific retention, accumulation and maximum water-holding capacity management styles result in the reduction of the soil weight, are in
The existing increased trend of water-holding capacity.
It compared with prior art, can the present invention has the advantage that the present invention is minimum to the disturbances in ecosystems of artificial forest
The competition consumable between canopy arbor is cut down, the net productivity of arbor is improved, promotes the renewal of forest, increasing forest, structure is complicated
Property, push the spontaneous recovery of undergrowth environment and soil geological unit composition and its food web relationship.The present invention passes through layer stereo
The efficient utilization of environmental resource is realized that forest photosynthetic carbon utilization efficiency maximizes, is further promoted on the basis of carbon emission reduction
The carbon deposit of forest ecosystem is deposited.
It is that the description of example has been carried out to the present invention above, it is clear that the implementation of the present invention is not limited by the above manner,
As long as using the various improvement that technical solution of the present invention carries out, or not improved that conception and technical scheme of the invention are direct
Applied to other occasions, all fall in the scope of protection of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of remodeling method for improving the western wide fascia flap Characteristics and Water Conservation Function in river, characterized by the following steps: 1)
Type division；2) arbor tree is classified；3) stand conversion after dividing, the investigation result of root confirm gap size, the woods window of deforestation
Quantity, optimal combination and layout；4) after-culture is fostered, is adjusted, band-like, blocky, is determined and is marked and sparselys fell object；5) retain seedling.
2. a kind of remodeling method for improving the western wide fascia flap Characteristics and Water Conservation Function in river according to claim 1, feature
It is, Type division includes: in 6~October to the growing state of standing forest, stand structure, ground surface environment situation in the step 1)
It is investigated and is assessed, be divided into three transformation types: I type standing forest by the canopy density of arborous layer, canopy density are more than or equal to 0.7；
II type standing forest, canopy density are less than 0.7 and are more than or equal to 0.4；Type III standing forest, canopy density are less than 0.4.
3. a kind of remodeling method for improving the western wide fascia flap Characteristics and Water Conservation Function in river according to claim 1, feature
It is, arbor tree is classified in the step 2) are as follows: be divided into 4 grades, I grades of wood are that form is good, the strong forest of growth vigor；II grades
Wood is the forest that form is poor or growing way is weaker；III level wood is empty rotten wood, occurs decaying or the forest of Mortality；IV grades are
Seriously affect the forest of purpose species of trees seedling and sapling growth.
4. a kind of remodeling method for improving the western wide fascia flap Characteristics and Water Conservation Function in river according to claim 1 or 2, special
Sign is that the I type standing forest is transformed using following method: 1) pressing the choosing wood principle of " five, which cut five, stays ", cut down except II grades, III level, IV
Grade at overdone wood, Ba Wangmu, forked tree, bending-wood, lose wood, pest and disease damage wood, backlog, and to red birch big tree progress ring
It cuts, promotes its rate of death, girdling ratio is between 10-20%；2) it fosters: cutting off the shrub for hiding the pressure purpose species of trees and and mesh
Tree species strive the weeds of water, fertilizer, and will affect the branch of arboreal growth, dead arm, deadwood and pest and disease damage and endanger heavier branch and cut
It removes；3) retain 2400-3600 plants/hm after fostering adjustment2Seedling and sapling, Canopy densities are not less than 0.6.
5. a kind of remodeling method for improving the western wide fascia flap Characteristics and Water Conservation Function in river according to claim 1 or 2, special
Sign is, the II type standing forest is transformed using following method: 1) cut down except seriously affect the succession of purpose species of trees forward direction and growth I,
II grades wood, foster sparsely fell rear canopy density cannot be less than 0.5；2) lumbering except II grade, III level, IV grades at overdone, Ba Wangmu, divide
Fork wood, bending-wood lose wood, pest and disease damage wood, backlog；3) for the removing plant of small diameter grade, dispersion is laid in forest land, with not
It influences to be greater than the diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground removing forest of 10cm or more subject to seedling and sapling growth, carries out super material by Timber stands standard, concentrate heap
Put or transport forest land；4) retain seedling and sapling, remain with small-and-middle diameter wood, the seedlings or saplings of economic value, and it is cold to introduce Ming River
The tree species such as China fir, dragon spruce accelerate succession process to form cladding theropencedrymion.
6. a kind of remodeling method for improving the western wide fascia flap Characteristics and Water Conservation Function in river according to claim 1 or 2, special
Sign is that the type III standing forest is transformed using following method: 1) scondary forest non-uniform for part, will be wherein sparse, and
The location of undergrowth carries out clearcutting in strips, fells 1~2 times that bandwidth is generally mean height, can introduction of plant Ming River
Fir, dragon spruce etc. dig cave compared with shade-tolerant tree species, by 0.4m × 0.4m × 0.3m specification, and surface soil and cubsoil are stacked respectively, first with table
Soil fills out cave, then overlays on cave face with cubsoil, and the density of plantation is 1500-3000/hectare；2): 2) standing forest being removed into miscellaneous filling, grass
Sheet, litter etc. are dispersed on forest land.
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| CN201910369846.5A CN110122252B (en) | 2019-05-06 | 2019-05-06 | Transformation method for improving water conservation function of Sichuan-west broad-leaf secondary forest |
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| CN201910369846.5A CN110122252B (en) | 2019-05-06 | 2019-05-06 | Transformation method for improving water conservation function of Sichuan-west broad-leaf secondary forest |
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| CN110122252B CN110122252B (en) | 2022-10-14 |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110603921A (en) * | 2019-09-06 | 2019-12-24 | 中国科学院、水利部成都山地灾害与环境研究所 | Forest stand structure regulation and control technology for improving secondary broadleaf forest soil water-containing capacity |
| CN111280014A (en) * | 2020-04-03 | 2020-06-16 | 中国林业科学研究院森林生态环境与保护研究所 | Method for transforming artificial pure picea asperata forest into picea asperata multilayer mixed forest |
| CN113632707A (en) * | 2021-05-18 | 2021-11-12 | 中国林业科学研究院森林生态环境与保护研究所 | Banded afforestation technology for gathering cut land or Yilin shrub land in high mountains in Sichuan province |
| CN113647287A (en) * | 2021-07-16 | 2021-11-16 | 上饶市林业科学研究所 | Method for planting phoebe bournei in forest gap on hilly and mountain land |
| RU2807337C1 (en) * | 2022-07-20 | 2023-11-14 | Федеральное государственное бюджетное научное учреждение "Федеральный исследовательский центр "Красноярский научный центр Сибирского отделения Российской академии наук" | Method for forming carbon farms |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN110603921A (en) * | 2019-09-06 | 2019-12-24 | 中国科学院、水利部成都山地灾害与环境研究所 | Forest stand structure regulation and control technology for improving secondary broadleaf forest soil water-containing capacity |
| CN111280014A (en) * | 2020-04-03 | 2020-06-16 | 中国林业科学研究院森林生态环境与保护研究所 | Method for transforming artificial pure picea asperata forest into picea asperata multilayer mixed forest |
| CN113632707A (en) * | 2021-05-18 | 2021-11-12 | 中国林业科学研究院森林生态环境与保护研究所 | Banded afforestation technology for gathering cut land or Yilin shrub land in high mountains in Sichuan province |
| CN113647287A (en) * | 2021-07-16 | 2021-11-16 | 上饶市林业科学研究所 | Method for planting phoebe bournei in forest gap on hilly and mountain land |
| RU2807337C1 (en) * | 2022-07-20 | 2023-11-14 | Федеральное государственное бюджетное научное учреждение "Федеральный исследовательский центр "Красноярский научный центр Сибирского отделения Российской академии наук" | Method for forming carbon farms |
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