CN110114062A - 液体变应原组合物和制备其的方法 - Google Patents
液体变应原组合物和制备其的方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本文提供两种或更多种不同变应原的液体混合的变应原组合物。还提供制备液体混合的变应原组合物的方法和将液体混合的变应原组合物给予受试者的方法。
Description
与相关申请的交叉引用
本申请要求2016年11月21日提交的U.S.申请序列号62/424,854的益处和优先权,通过援引将其全部并入本文。
背景技术
变态反应是免疫系统障碍,体,其特征是对通常无害的环境物质存在变应性反应。变态反应是由变应原引起的,其可以存在于各式各样的来源中,包括但不限于花粉或其它植物组分,粉尘,霉菌或真菌,食品,添加剂,胶乳,输注反应,动物或鸟皮屑,昆虫毒液,辐射对照介质,药品或化学品。一般变应性反应包括湿疹,荨麻疹,枯草热,哮喘,和对毒液的反应。轻微变态反应比如枯草热是在人群中高度流行的并且导致症状比如变应性结膜炎,瘙痒和鼻溢。在某些人群中,对环境或膳食变应原或对药品的严重变态反应可以引起威胁生命的过敏性反应且如果不加以治疗潜在引起死亡。
食品变态反应是对食品变应原例如食品蛋白质的不利免疫应答。一般食品变应原存在于贝类,花生,树木坚果,鱼类,乳,卵,大豆和新鲜水果比如草莓,芒果,香蕉和苹果当中。免疫球蛋白E(IgE)-介导的食品变态反应定为类型-I速发型超敏反应。这些变应性反应具有急性的发作(数秒至一小时)并且伴随症状可以包括血管性水肿(眼睑、面部、唇、舌、喉和气管的软组织肿胀),荨麻疹,口、咽喉、眼或皮肤的瘙痒,胃肠道症状比如恶心、呕吐、腹泻、胃痉挛或腹痛,鼻溢或鼻充血,哮鸣,呼吸浅促,或困难吞咽,和甚至过敏反应,其是能够引起死亡的严重、全身性变应性反应。据估计,在21岁以下的12名儿童中就有1名被医生诊断为食品变态反应,和每年用于食品变应性反应的卫生保健成本超过$240亿,大致原因是每年在美国由于食品诱导的过敏性症状的约90,000次急诊。此外,由于致命的食品变态反应每年仍旧发生死亡。
因此,本领域需要能够预防和/或治疗变态反应的组合物以及制备所述组合物的方法。
发明概要
本公开至少部分涉及制备匀化的液体混合的变应原组合物的方法。例如,本公开提供制备匀化的液体混合的变应原组合物的方法,其包括:干混干燥混合物,其中干燥混合物包含6种或更多种变应原例如6至20种变应原和填充剂;研磨干燥混合物和使得经研磨的干燥混合物通过大筛网(例如开口尺寸约0.033英寸)以获得首通混合物;研磨首通混合物和使首通混合物通过小筛网(例如开口尺寸约0.020英寸)以获得具有实质上一致的颗粒尺寸的细颗粒混合物;将细颗粒混合物混入水中(例如剪切混合)以获得水化的混合物;和使水化的混合物通过匀化器以获得匀化的液体混合的变应原组合物。研磨干燥混合物可以包括使用约7,500RPM的转子速度,例如研磨首通混合物可以使用约7,500RPM的转子速度。
作为预期方法的一部分,研磨干燥混合物和/或研磨首通混合物可以还包括使真空抽吸脉冲通过研磨机。
干混干燥混合物作为预期方法的一部分可以包括例如干混干燥混合物,其包含6种或更多种变应原例如6至20种变应原和包含麦芽糊精和/或蔗糖的填充剂。在实施方式中,预期的填充剂包含麦芽糊精和蔗糖,重量比为约3:1麦芽糊精:蔗糖。在备择实施方式中,一种或多种额外的变应原被分开干燥研磨和任选与干燥混合物、首通混合物和/或细颗粒混合物混合。
预期方法可以还包括将细颗粒混合物在水中水化约1小时或更久和/或在超高温(例如约287°F或更高)处理液体混合的变应原混合物。在某些实施方式中,在超高温处理液体混合的变应原混合物是在使水化的混合物通过匀化器之后进行。
在示范性实施方式中,预期方法还包括将匀化的液体变应原混合物与一种或多种赋形剂剪切混合以获得剪切混合的匀化的液体变应原混合物。例如,所述赋形剂可以各自选自:食品安全油,多糖(例如胶凝糖胶),调味剂和食品安全盐(例如磷酸氢二钾)。
在某些实施方式中,预期方法可以还包括线上匀化剪切混合的匀化的液体变应原混合物。在某些实施方式中,线上匀化剪切混合的匀化的液体变应原混合物是在超高温处理之后进行。
本文还预期的是液体混合的变应原组合物,包含匀化的液体混合的变应原组合物,其中所述匀化的液体混合的变应原组合物是通过所公开的方法制备的。
例如,本文提供液体匀化的混合的变应原组合物,包含:12至16种不同蛋白质变应原;麦芽糊精;蔗糖;油,和任选的维生素(例如维生素D),其中麦芽糊精与蔗糖的重量比是约3:1。所公开的液体匀化的混合的变应原组合物可以还包含胶凝糖胶。
在又一实施方式中,本文提供约20mL至约30mL的液体匀化的混合的变应原组合物的单元剂量,所述组合物包含:12至16种不同蛋白质变应原;麦芽糊精;蔗糖;油,和任选的维生素,其中麦芽糊精与蔗糖的重量比是约3:1。
附图说明
图1描述研磨前的和后研磨的干燥混合的变应原组合物的对比。
发明详述
本文公开两种或更多种不同变应原的液体混合的变应原组合物,和制备所述组合物的方法。
制备混合的变应原组合物的方法
本文提供制备匀化的液体混合的变应原组合物,例如本文描述的液体混合的变应原组合物的方法。所公开的方法可以例如包括下述步骤的一个或多个:干混干燥混合物,其中干燥混合物包含6至20种变应原和填充剂;研磨干燥混合物和使得经研磨的干燥混合物通过大筛网以获得首通混合物;研磨首通混合物和使首通混合物通过小筛网以获得具有实质上一致的颗粒尺寸的细颗粒混合物;将细颗粒混合物混入水中以获得水化的混合物;和/或使水化的混合物通过匀化器以获得匀化的液体混合的变应原组合物。
在某些实施方式中,所公开的方法包括干混变应原例如本文描述的变应原的干燥混合物和填充剂例如本文描述的填充剂。变应原的干燥混合物可以包括本文描述的任何变应原或变应原组合物。在某些实施方式中,变应原的混合物可以包含一种、两种或更多变应原,各自独立选自公开于本文实施例的变应原。例如,在某些实施方式中,组合物可以包含一种、两种或更多变应原,选自花生,大豆,扁桃,腰果,榛子,美洲山核桃,阿月浑子,胡桃,小麦,燕麦,乳,蛋,鳕鱼,鲑鱼,虾,和芝麻。在某些实施方式中,变应原的干燥混合物包括各约30mg的花生,大豆,扁桃,腰果,榛子,美洲山核桃,阿月浑子,胡桃,小麦,燕麦,乳,蛋,鳕鱼,鲑鱼,虾,和芝麻。应认识到本文预期的变应原可以各自作为粗粉、面粉和/或粉末存在,并且至少某些变应原预期为最初干燥的形式。
预期的填充剂可以包括本文描述的任何填充剂。在某些实施方式中,填充剂包含麦芽糊精,蔗糖,或麦芽糊精和蔗糖的组合,例如重量比约3:1的麦芽糊精和蔗糖。不受理论限制,据信填充剂降低变应原混合物的脂肪含量以辅助下游处理例如研磨。
在某些实施方式中,所公开的方法包括研磨干燥混合物。研磨可以例如包括使用约7,500RPM的转子速度,或可以例如还包括使真空抽吸脉冲通过研磨机。在某些实施方式中,所公开的方法包括研磨首通混合物。研磨可以例如包括使用约7,500RPM的转子速度,或可以例如还包括使真空抽吸脉冲通过研磨机。不受理论限制,据信研磨降低砂性(grittiness)和大颗粒尺寸,允许整个液态组合物的均匀分布。
在某些实施方式中,所公开的方法包括研磨干燥混合物和使得经研磨的干燥混合物通过大筛网以获得首通混合物;以及研磨首通混合物和使首通混合物通过小筛网以获得细颗粒混合物。大筛网可以例如具有约0.033英寸的开口尺寸。大筛网滤器可以例如具有约0.020英寸的开口尺寸。
在某些实施方式中,所公开的方法包括将细颗粒混合物混入水中。在某些实施方式中,将细颗粒混合物混入水中包括剪切混合。细颗粒混合物可以例如在剪切混合之后进一步在水中水化约1小时或更久。
在某些实施方式中,所公开的方法包括使水化的混合物通过匀化器以获得匀化的液体混合的变应原。匀化器可以例如运行在约6,000至约7,000psi。水化的混合物可以通过匀化器1次或多于1次,例如2次、3次或大于3次。不受理论限制,据信使水化的混合物通过匀化器降低颗粒尺寸和引起水化的混合物中更一致范围的悬浮颗粒。
在某些实施方式中,所公开的方法还包括在超高温例如约287°F或更高处理液体混合的变应原混合物。在超高温处理液体变应原混合物可以例如在使水化的混合物通过匀化器之后进行。不受理论限制,据信在超高温处理确保组合物的安全性。
在某些实施方式中,所公开的方法还包括将匀化的液体变应原混合物与一种或多种赋形剂剪切混合以获得剪切混合的匀化的液体变应原混合物。赋形剂可以包含本文描述的任何赋形剂。一种或多种赋形剂可以例如各自选自:食品安全油,多糖(例如胶凝糖胶),调味剂,和食品安全盐(例如磷酸氢二钾)。在某些实施方式中,所公开的方法还包括线上匀化剪切混合的匀化的液体变应原混合物。
如本文所用,"混合的变应原组合物"理解为意指包含两种或更多种不同变应原的组合物,其中任何两种给定变应原如果相互有区别则是不相同的,例如它们是通过不同化学式描述的化合物或通过不同组分和/或其量描述的组合物。组合物中不同变应原的数量是可以视情况变化的。在某些实施方式中,混合的变应原组合物包含2种或更多的不同变应原,比如3种或更多的不同变应原,4种或更多的不同变应原,5种或更多的不同变应原,6种或更多种不同的变应原,7种或更多的不同变应原,8种或更多的不同变应原,9种或更多的不同变应原,10种或更多的不同变应原,15种或更多的不同变应原,20种或更多的不同变应原,25种或更多的不同变应原,30种或更多的不同变应原,40种或更多的不同变应原,50种或更多的不同变应原,75种或更多的不同变应原,或100种或更多的不同变应原。在某些实施方式中,混合的变应原组合物包含100种或更少的不同变应原,比如75种或更少的不同变应原,50种或更少的不同变应原,25种或更少的不同变应原,15种或更少的不同变应原,或10种或更少的不同变应原。在某些实施方式中,组合物可以包括2至20种的不同变应原,2至100种的不同变应原,或2至1000种的不同变应原。在其它实施方式中,组合物可以包含6至20种的不同变应原。在某些实施方式中,组合物可以基本上由6至20种的不同蛋白质变应原组成。
组合物中存在的变应原可以变化,其中在某些情况下组合物中存在的变应原是在易感性受试者中诱导变态反应的那种。变应原包括引起特异性IgE应答的任何抗原或其活性衍生物。抗原包括能够刺激抗体产生和能够与其特异性结合的任何物质。变应原本身可以几乎不具有或不具有固有毒性但导致病理学病症,这是因为其引起IgE相关的免疫应答的能力,和在后续暴露的情况下,是因为它们引起IgE-和/或T细胞-依赖性超敏反应的能力。因此,变应原包括能够在特应性受试者中刺激典型超敏反应的任何物质。在给定混合的变应原组合物中可以存在的变应原包括存在于各种不同来源的任何物质,例如食品,药物,香料,植物,环境或生物学系统(例如原核或真核细胞或病毒),以及化学变应原。
应认识到,提及变应原或变应原组合物(例如提供的食品或组合物的一部分)可以各自包括存在于天然变应原(生的或烹饪的)的多种不同蛋白质。例如,提供的食品可以包括花生变应原组合物(其会实质上包括存在于例如脱脂花生、落花生等中的全部花生蛋白质)。如本文所用短语"完全变应原"是指给定食品的全部可能的抗原性组分。
有关的变应原包括坚果变应原。坚果变应原是包含存在于坚果中的一种或多种化合物的变应原,所述坚果是例如包含可食用内核或封闭在木质或皮质壳中的果肉的干果。有关的坚果变应原包括例如花生变应原(例如,rAra h 1,rAra h 2,rAra h 3,rAra h 8PR-10,rAra h 9 LTP,或花生完全变应原),巴西坚果变应原(例如,rBer e 1,或巴西坚果完全变应原),榛子或大榛变应原(例如,rCor a 1 PR-10,rCor a 8LTP,nCor a 9,rCor a14,或榛子完全变应原),胡桃变应原(例如,rJug r 1,rJug r 3 LTP,或胡桃完全变应原),腰果变应原(例如,腰果组分变应原,或腰果完全变应原),阿月浑子变应原(例如,阿月浑子组分变应原,或阿月浑子完全变应原),美洲山核桃变应原(例如,美洲山核桃组分变应原,或美洲山核桃完全变应原),扁桃变应原(例如,扁桃组分变应原,或扁桃完全变应原),或木本坚果组分包装变应原(例如,来自例如腰果坚果、胡桃、榛子或巴西坚果的一种或多种变应原)。
有关的变应原包括动物变应原。动物变应原是包括存在于动物中的一种或多种化合物的变应原,所述动物包括脊椎动物和无脊椎动物。可以存在于混合的变应原组合物中的脊椎动物动物变应原包括鸟变应原(例如卵变应原,例如nGal d 1卵类粘蛋白,n Gal d2卵清蛋白,nGal d 3伴白蛋白,或蛋清完全变应原),哺乳动物变应原(例如乳变应原,例如nBos d 4α-乳清蛋白,nBos d 5β-乳球蛋白,nBos d 8酪蛋白,nBos d乳铁蛋白,或乳完全变应原),或鱼变应原(例如,rCyp c 1,rGad c 1,鳕鱼完全变应原,白鲑变应原,或红鲑变应原)。可以存在于混合的变应原组合物中的无脊椎动物动物变应原包括甲壳动物变应原(例如虾变应原,例如rPen a 1原肌球蛋白,或虾完全变应原),或昆虫变应原(例如蜜蜂蜇伤毒液变应原,胡蜂蜇伤毒液变应原,或蚊虫叮咬变应原)。
有关的变应原包括非坚果植物变应原,也即并非坚果变应原的植物变应原。植物变应原是包括存在于植物中的一种或多种化合物的变应原。有关的植物变应原包括小麦变应原(例如,rTri a 19 Omega-5麦胶蛋白,麦胶蛋白小麦,rTri a 14 LTP,或小麦完全变应原),水果变应原(例如猕猴桃变应原,例如rAct d 8 PR-10,或猕猴桃完全变应原),蔬菜变应原(例如胡萝卜变应原,或芹变应原例如rApi g 1.01 PR-10,rPhl p 12,或芹完全变应原),来自菠萝蛋白酶的CCD MUXF3,豆科植物变应原(例如,大豆变应原或鹰嘴豆变应原,例如rGly m 4 PR-10,nGly m 5 Beta-伴大豆球蛋白,nGly m 6大豆球蛋白,或大豆完全变应原),核果变应原(例如f419,f420,f421,f95,f242,o214 rPru p 1 PR-10,rPru p 3 LTP,或核果主要完全变应原),燕麦变应原(例如燕麦组分变应原,或燕麦完全变应原),或种子变应原(例如芝麻变应原,例如芝麻籽组分变应原,或芝麻种子完全变应原)。
可以存在于混合的变应原组合物中的额外类型的变应原包括例如非食用动物变应原(例如猫或犬的软毛和皮屑,蟑螂壳,尘螨分泌物),药物变应原(青霉素,磺酰胺类,水杨酸类,局部麻醉药),霉菌孢子变应原,胶乳变应原,金属变应原,或植物花粉变应原(例如来自禾本科草例如黑麦草或猫尾草,来自杂草例如豚草,车前草属,荨麻,蒿属,北艾(Artemisia vulgaris),藜(Chenopodium album),酸模,或例如来自树木,例如桦树赤杨,榛树,鹅耳枥,七叶树,柳树,杨树,悬铃木,椴树,或洋橄榄)。
在某些实施方式中,组合物可以包含一种、两种或更多变应原,选自腰果,阿月浑子,胡桃,美洲山核桃,白鲑,红鲑,虾,花生,大豆,榛子,扁桃,乳,蛋,螃蟹,小麦,和芝麻。
在某些实施方式中,组合物可以包含一种、两种或更多变应原,各自独立选自公开于本文实施例的变应原。例如,在某些实施方式中,组合物可以包含一种、两种或更多变应原,选自花生,大豆,扁桃,腰果,榛子,美洲山核桃,阿月浑子,胡桃,小麦,燕麦,乳,蛋,鳕鱼,鲑鱼,虾,和芝麻。
在混合的变应原组合物中的给定变应原的量可以视情况变化。在某些实施方式中,给定变应原的量的范围是约1mg至约15,000mg,约5mg至约15,000mg,约10mg至约10,000mg,约15mg至约5,000mg,约10mg至约100mg,或约15mg至约100mg。在某些实施方式中,给定变应原的量是约30mg。在混合的变应原组合物中给定变应原的重量百分比可以视情况变化。在某些实施方式中,给定变应原在混合的变应原组合物中的重量百分比范围是约0.1重量%至约99.9重量%,约0.1重量%至约15重量%,约0.1重量%至约99.9重量%,约15重量%至约99.9重量%,或约25重量%至约65重量%。在混合的变应原组合物中给定变应原的量可以按总质量计或按蛋白质质量计,对于给定变应原其可以取决于该变应原中的蛋白质重量百分比而变化。
在某些实施方式中,混合的变应原中任何两种或全部混合的变应原,以相等部分例如以1:1比率存在,从而各变应原在组合物中以相等重量存在。
所公开的混合的变应原组合物可以视情况包括一种或多种维生素。可以存在于组合物中的维生素包括例如维生素A(例如,范围1至35,000IU的量),维生素C(例如,范围约1至约1,000mg的量),维生素D(例如,范围约1至约4,000IU,也即约0.025至约100mcg的量),维生素E(例如,范围约1至约450IU的量),维生素K(例如,范围约1至约250mcg的量),维生素B-1(硫胺;例如,范围约1至约15mg的量),维生素B-2(维生素B2;例如,范围约1至约17mg的量),维生素B-3(烟酸;例如,范围约1至约200mg的量),维生素B-5(泛酸;例如,范围约1至约100mg的量),维生素B-6(维生素B6;例如,范围约1至约30mg的量),维生素B-9(叶酸;例如,范围约1至约4,000mcg的量),维生素B-12(钴胺素;例如,范围约1至约250mcg的量),维生素H(生物素;例如,范围约1至约1,000mcg的量)及其组合。在某些实施方式中,混合的变应原组合物包含维生素D。在某些实施方式中,混合的变应原组合物包含约400IU即约10mcg的维生素D。
还提供生理学可接受的组合物,其包含所公开的混合的变应原组合物和生理学上可接受的递送媒介物。所公开的混合的变应原组合物能够掺入各种配制剂中以向受试者给药。更特别地,所公开的混合的变应原组合物能够通过与适当的生理学上可接受的载体或稀释剂组合而配制成生理学可接受的组合物。在某些实施方式中,所公开的混合的变应原组合物被设计用于口服给药,例如作为食品,片剂,含锭,糖锭,水性或油性悬浮液,可分散粉剂或颗粒剂,乳液,硬胶囊或软胶囊,或糖浆剂或酏剂,胶状物等。期望用于口服应用的组合物可以根据用于制备药物组合物的任何方便方案制备并且所述组合物可以含有选自甜味剂、调味剂、着色剂和防腐剂的一种或多种试剂以便提供适口的制剂。
在某些实施方式中,本公开提供制备作为食品的液态组合物的方法。有关的食品包含所公开的混合的变应原组合物和与之组合的食品递送媒介物。食品递送媒介物意指递送媒介物,其是食用、饮用或者纳入体内以维持生命、提供能量、促进生长等的富营养物质。有关的食品递送媒介物或食品的实例包括但不限于:婴儿或幼儿配方,婴儿食品(例如适于婴儿或幼儿服用的制泥食品),土豆条,小甜点,面包,涂抹酱,乳膏,酸乳,液体饮料,含巧克力的产品,糖果,冰激凌,谷类食物,咖啡,制泥食品等。在某些实施方式中,组合物是食品补充剂。
在某些实施方式中,所公开的混合的变应原组合物呈液体形式。在某些实施方式中,液体混合的变应原组合物可以包括填充剂。示范性填充剂包括麦芽糊精,蔗糖,海藻糖,海藻糖二水合物,甘露醇,乳糖,或棉子糖或其任何组合。在某些实施方式中,填充剂包含麦芽糊精,或蔗糖,或其组合。在某些实施方式中,填充剂包含重量比约3:1的麦芽糊精和蔗糖。在某些实施方式中,液体混合的变应原组合物可以包括赋形剂,例如食品安全油,多糖(例如胶凝糖胶),调味剂,和食品安全盐(例如磷酸氢二钾)。
在某些实施方式中,混合的变应原组合物是水性悬浮液,含有所公开的混合的变应原组分和与之混合的适于制备水性悬浮液的赋形剂。所述赋形剂可以包括助悬剂,例如羧甲基纤维素钠,甲基纤维素,羟丙基甲基纤维素,藻酸钠,聚乙烯-吡咯烷酮,黄蓍胶和阿拉伯胶;分散或润湿剂比如天然磷脂,例如卵磷脂,或氧化烯烃与脂肪酸的缩合产品例如聚氧乙烯硬脂酸酯,或环氧乙烷与长链脂族醇的缩合产品例如十七亚乙基氧基鲸蜡醇,或环氧乙烷与衍生自脂肪酸和己糖醇的偏酯的缩合产品比如聚氧乙烯山梨醇一油酸酯,或环氧乙烷与衍生自脂肪酸和己糖醇酐混合物的偏酯的缩合产品例如聚乙烯去水山梨糖醇单油酸酯。水性悬浮液还可以含有一种或多种防腐剂例如对羟基苯甲酸乙酯或对羟基苯甲酸正丙酯,一种或多种着色剂,一种或多种调味剂,和一种或多种甜味剂比如蔗糖、糖精或阿司帕坦。
在某些实施方式中,混合的变应原组合物是油性悬浮液,含有悬浮在植物油例如花生油、橄榄油、芝麻油或椰子油中或在矿物油比如液状石蜡中的混合的变应原组合物。油性悬浮液可以含有增稠剂例如蜂蜡,硬石蜡或鲸蜡醇。甜味剂比如前文描述的那些和调味剂可以加入以提供适口的口服制剂。这些组合物可以通过加入抗氧化剂比如抗坏血酸来防腐。
适于通过加水制备水性悬浮液的可分散粉剂和颗粒剂提供活性成分和与之混合的分散剂或润湿剂,助悬剂和一种或多种防腐剂。适宜的分散剂或润湿剂和助悬剂是诸如上文已经提及的那些。还可以存在额外的赋形剂例如甜味剂、调味剂和着色剂。
所公开的生理学上可接受的组合物还可以呈水包油乳液形式。油相可以是植物油例如橄榄油或花生油,或矿物油例如液状石蜡或这些的混合物。适宜的乳化剂可以是天然磷脂例如大豆卵磷脂,和衍生自脂肪酸和己糖醇酐混合物的酯或偏酯例如去水山梨糖醇单油酸酯,和所述偏酯与环氧乙烷的缩合产品例如聚氧乙烯去水山梨糖醇单油酸酯。乳液还可以含有甜味剂和调味剂。
糖浆剂和酏剂可以用甜味剂例如甘油,丙二醇,山梨醇或蔗糖配制。所述配制剂还可以含有缓和剂,防腐剂和调味剂和着色剂。所公开的组合物可以呈无菌水性或油性悬浮液形式。该悬浮液可以根据已知技术用上文已提及的那些适宜的分散或润湿剂和助悬剂配制。无菌制剂还可以是非毒性经肠胃外可接受的稀释剂或溶剂中的无菌溶液或悬浮液,例如1,3-丁烷二醇中的溶液。可以使用的可接受媒介物和溶剂尤其是水,林格溶液和等渗氯化钠溶液。此外,无菌非挥发油常规用作溶剂或悬浮介质。出于该意图可以使用任何温和非挥发油,包括合成的甘油单酯或甘油二酯。此外,脂肪酸比如油酸可用于制备可注射剂。
混合的变应原组合物可以是单元剂量组合物,这是指其存在于构造为作为单剂量给予受试者的组合物中,该单剂量可以或可以不是给药方案的一部分,所述给药方案由两种或更多种单元剂量构成,在给定时间段给予受试者。所公开的单元剂量可以按质量或体积计。在某些实施方式中,单元剂量可以具有约300mg至约20克,比如约300mg,约400mg,约500mg,约600mg,约700mg,约800mg,约900mg,约1000mg(1g),约1.5g,约2g,约3g,约4g,约5g,约10g,约15g,或约20g的质量范围。在某些实施方式中,单元剂量具有约480mg的质量。在某些实施方式中,单元剂量可以具有约20mL至约30mL,比如约20mL,约21mL,约22mL,约23mL,约24mL,约25mL,约26mL,约27mL,约28mL,约29mL,或约30mL的体积范围。
然而应理解,用于任何特定患者的特定剂量水平将取决于各种因素包括年龄,体重,一般健康,性别,膳食,给药时间,给药途径,分泌速率,药物组合和所治疗的特定疾病的严重性。
在说明书通篇当中,在设备、装置和系统被描述为具有、包括或包含特定组分的情况下或在过程和方法被描述为具有、包括或包含特定步骤的情况下所预期的是,额外地存在设备、装置和系统,其基本上由所述的组分组成或由所述的组分组成,和存在过程和方法,其基本上由所述的处理步骤组成或由所述的处理步骤组成。
前述实例在本文中仅用于示例意图且不应解释为以任何限制。
实施例
实施例1
该实施例描述用于包含入示范性液体混合的变应原组合物的成分选择,含有16种变应原成分(扁桃,腰果,鳕鱼,蛋,榛子,乳,燕麦,花生,美洲山核桃,阿月浑子,鲑鱼,芝麻,虾,大豆,胡桃,和小麦)
首先,成分来源主要强调国内可商购性,例外是仅可在国际上获得的成分。每种变应原成分的多项选择的成功商购溯源导致选择标准的发展,其目的是选择最佳的待测商品成分。筛选的特质包括最大蛋白质含量和最小填充物,感官特质包括总体味道、异味(off-notes)的存在、砂性,和成分溶解度。从竞争中从排除蛋白质含量显著低或具有大比例填充成分的成分。通过组团合议,干燥品尝各成分以确定异味的存在并评价成分的砂性。
还确认所选成分的变应原性。两种最初选择的成分鲑鱼蛋白质和小麦蛋白质未通过变应原确认的蛋白质凝胶测试。假设是,由于这些蛋白质在其成分处理中发生部分或完全水解,氨基酸结构被破坏从而多肽特征不引起变应原性。尽管这些成分具有可加工性和感官优势,不同来源的鲑鱼粉和小麦谷蛋白粉替换变应原成分共混物中的小麦和鲑鱼成分。鲑鱼粉并非纯鲑鱼;其与鳕鱼蛋白质共混以便研磨为干燥成分,比率是大约3:1的鲑鱼:鳕鱼。因此,增加最终配方中的鲑鱼成分百分比从而过量递送鲑鱼,以便确保来自该特定变应原的蛋白质的适当递送。
实施例2
该实施例描述在制备示范性液体混合的变应原组合物中的干燥研磨程序的确定,所述组合物含有16种变应原成分(扁桃,腰果,鳕鱼,蛋,榛子,乳,燕麦,花生,美洲山核桃,阿月浑子,鲑鱼,芝麻,虾,大豆,胡桃,和小麦)。
需要干燥研磨变应原成分以便将成分掺入成功的液体补充剂形式,原因是许多成分的固有状态展示砂性和大颗粒尺寸。特别地,坚果成分(美洲山核桃,阿月浑子,扁桃)展示宽范围的颗粒尺寸。不加以干燥研磨,这些成分就不会均匀分布在整个液态组合物中,有可能限制在下游步骤期间的可加工性,影响向包装内外的填充,和将可能在补充剂存放期内沉降出来。
除非另有指定,研磨进行如下。成比例地称量16种蛋白质成分以便递送30mg每种蛋白质和干混的填充成分。研磨用Quadro实验室等级干燥研磨机(FitzMill L1A)进行,转子速度的范围是5,000至9,000RPM,和筛网尺寸是0.020",0.033",或0.065"。使成分一次(用单个筛网)或多次(用越来越小的筛网)通过研磨机。在指出的情况下,施用连续或脉冲真空抽吸以将产品牵拉通过研磨机。
干燥研磨的限制是干燥共混物的脂肪含量。脂肪含量高于6%的干混物无法进行研磨而不导致显著处理问题,原因是脂肪从初始成分渗出和阻塞研磨筛,从而使得干燥研磨过程完全停止。16种变应原成分的共混物本身就超过38%脂肪,从而为了可行地研磨共混物而加入大量填充物质。探索了两种填充物质:麦芽糊精和麦芽糊精-糖共混物(3:1比率)。麦芽糊精-糖共混物产生最佳结果。糖帮助饮料总体增甜,并且假设糖的结晶结构与研磨机桨叶结合帮助破开干燥共混物中的大颗粒。
探索了数种其它研磨变量以便使得产品通过研磨机而不堵塞,特别是研磨机转子速度、筛网尺寸、和用真空抽吸将产品牵拉通过研磨机。选择适度高的研磨机速度来实现较小的颗粒尺寸,原因是高转子速度引起较小范围的细颗粒。在额量9,000RPM运行研磨机转子具有产品在研磨机内积累的风险。如果产品在研磨机中保留过长时间,研磨机桨叶对产品和筛的摩擦会引起脂肪从颗粒泄漏和糖类在筛上焦糖化,其有效地堵塞筛使颗粒无法通过。因此,研磨机转子速度降低至7,500RPM,其实现有利的颗粒尺寸而不导致产品积累。此外,真空抽吸辅助将产品牵拉通过研磨机。通过脉冲真空,产品能够以适中的速度通过筛网并清除腔室。连续真空有时展示对产品的过大牵拉,将其压迫至筛上并在颗粒能被磨碎至会通过筛网的尺寸之前就堵塞筛网。最后,需要两次分开通过干燥研磨机来实现最佳颗粒尺寸,从感官和可加工性立场均是如此。鉴于16种变应原成分共混物和填充物质的颗粒尺寸范围,初始通过较大的筛网开口尺寸0.033"、随后较小的筛网开口尺寸0.020",产生一致的颗粒尺寸而不在过程期间堵塞研磨机。
图1比较研磨前产品和成功研磨的干燥共混物。大深色颗粒在研磨前共混物中清楚可视,但在研磨之后不再明显。这些颗粒可能来自坚果粗粉,因为它们是最砂性的成分。此外,研磨产品的总体颜色比研磨前产品更深。在研磨中,脂肪从高脂肪成分释放和分布在整个全部干燥物中,其使得颜色稍微变深。颜色变深还可以由焦糖化引起,原因是在研磨期间摩擦和生热。与研磨前干燥共混物相对,用两段式干燥研磨程序实现总体紧密范围的更细颗粒。
实施例3
该实施例描述在示范性液体混合的变应原组合物制备当中匀化程序的确定,所述组合物含有16种变应原成分(扁桃,腰果,鳕鱼,蛋,榛子,乳,燕麦,花生,美洲山核桃,阿月浑子,鲑鱼,芝麻,虾,大豆,胡桃,和小麦)。
类似干燥研磨的目标,为了进一步降低固体在液体基质中的颗粒尺寸而探索匀化。为了获得进一步降低范围的颗粒有必要的是,在匀化之前干燥研磨,并且向匀化器加入其中悬浮更一致范围的颗粒的产品。
用Robot Coupe剪切搅拌器(MP 350Turbo)将干燥研磨的产品剪切混合入水中并让其水化一小时从而使蛋白质完全水化。在制备组合物中所用的匀化器包括APV Gaulin实验室匀化器(模型15MR),和GEA Niro Soavi S.p.A.线上匀化器(型号NS2006H)。对于初始测试,APV在大约6,000和7,000psi之间运行。使产品通过匀化器1至3次。
与在高转子速度运行干燥研磨机类似,在高压运行匀化器以便具有颗粒尺寸的大幅降低。将匀化器变量(1、2和3次通过匀化器)与粗的未匀化样品比较。虽然全部样品随时间展示一定沉淀,3次通过匀化器的样品显示最大的产品不透明度和最少量的沉降。不透明度指出的是,脂肪以更小的小球更佳地分布在整个含水基质中,并且因此产品更加稳定和一致。
实施例4
该实施例描述示范性液体混合的变应原组合物的靶标体积的确定,所述组合物含有16种变应原成分(扁桃,腰果,鳕鱼,蛋,榛子,乳,燕麦,花生,美洲山核桃,阿月浑子,鲑鱼,芝麻,虾,大豆,胡桃,和小麦),用作婴儿食品补充剂。
向各种婴儿食品加入占位蛋白质饮料液体提供了一个工作范围,其用于确定补充剂的单份量(serving size)。测试的食品包括Premier蛋白质香草奶昔,3/4新鲜香蕉(一份Gerber婴儿食品香蕉相当的部分,2nd食品),和Gerber婴儿食品,包括苹果越橘,2nd食品,香蕉,1st食品,鸡面,2nd食品,和烤蔬菜&鸡,3rd食品。
对绝大多数食品来说在10mL和20mL添加之间并不存在大的差异;然而,从20mL至30mL的进展是更显著的。通常来说,该趋势在较不粘稠的产品比如苹果酱中更显著,原因是较不粘稠的产品相当容易地流动。例如,在加入蛋白质饮料的情况下,部分磨碎的新鲜香蕉展示更大的变化。感知变化的这种增加可以是由于香蕉与经处理的婴儿食品相比并未完全均匀地磨碎。尽管如此,新鲜香蕉产品于30mL仍视为可食用。与之相对,烧蔬菜&鸡和鸡面处理的婴儿食品良好地保持到加入30mL蛋白质饮料,原因是这些共混产品本身粘稠。
鉴于需要向16种变应原成分共混物添加的填充成分的量,干燥共混物本身的剂量超过9克。因此,最小体积据估计是约20mL,原因是该量引起大约40%固体的饮料。并入婴儿食品混合实验的知识从而获得20至30mL范围的靶标单份量,优选实现可处理的最小单份量。
实施例5
该实施例描述示范性液体混合的变应原组合物的完全制备过程的确定,所述组合物含有16种变应原成分(扁桃,腰果,鳕鱼,蛋,榛子,乳,燕麦,花生,美洲山核桃,阿月浑子,鲑鱼,芝麻,虾,大豆,胡桃,小麦),用作婴儿食品补充剂。
得自实施例1-4的结果用于设计示范性液体混合的变应原组合物的测试制备过程,所述组合物含有16种变应原成分(扁桃,腰果,鳕鱼,蛋,榛子,乳,燕麦,花生,美洲山核桃,阿月浑子,鲑鱼,芝麻,虾,大豆,胡桃,和小麦)。
测试制备过程的工艺流程如下。除非有所指出,全部过程步骤按照预先描述进行。首先,在干燥研磨机中,将对剂量给药蛋白质合适的比率的16种变应原成分与降低水分和脂肪含量至可接受水平的填充成分(麦芽糊精和糖)一起干燥研磨通过0.033"、然后0.020"的颗粒筛网,从而实现希望的颗粒尺寸。随后,通过将研磨的干燥混合物剪切混合入温水中以使固体溶剂化和悬浮而将干燥研磨的混合物并入液体形式,和在剪切混合后将产品保持1小时以完全水化蛋白质。随后,将剪切混合的产品匀化以降低液体悬浮液或浆料中的颗粒尺寸,其中需要多次通过匀化器以降低沉降和改善不透明度。在匀化之后,通过在脂肪、缓冲剂和胶凝糖胶中剪切混合并入其它成分从而改善稳定性、视觉外观和固体的悬浮。如果需要则加入调味剂。随后,超高温单元(MicroThermics UHT/HTST Lab,模型25HV Hybrid)用于在287℉超高温处理15秒,用于确保食品安全的热致死步骤。所得产品用线上匀化器进一步匀化从而产生固体组分和脂肪小球的一致范围的颗粒尺寸,和将颗粒均匀分布在整个液体基质中。最后,将组合物清洁地充入消毒瓶中,冷冻贮藏。无菌填充会允许贮存稳定的产品。
中试装置试验并入干燥研磨机、预U.H.T.匀化和靶标体积实验的知识和过程以初始地产生两个评价变量。表1比较这两个变量的配制剂。对于初始试验,探索两种不同浓度以确认可加工性,25g单份量(Protocept A)和20g单份量(Protocept B)。
表1
Protocept A的处理没有任何问题,并且获得具有随时间最低沉淀的乳状产品。与之相对,Protocept B的增加浓度与热处理之前的粘稠产品相关。表2比较Protocept A和Protocept B以及已知参比产品的所测粘度。
表2
产品 | 粘度(cP,70℉) |
Protocept A | 85 |
Protocept B | 255 |
橄榄油(参比产品) | ~80 |
枫糖浆(参比产品) | ~300 |
作为Protocept B的增加粘度的结果,在处理期间包埋了一些空气,并且在将产品充入瓶中时有泡沫在顶部空间形成。增加的粘度也对匀化器施加显著应力,从而成品总体上较不均匀和较不稳定。此外,U.H.T单元中的空气捕集具有危害热处理致死性的效果,原因是空气干扰热从该单元传导入产品杀死病原体。额外地,Protocept A中加入调味剂并未引起海洋异味显著降低。
另外,Protocepts A和B的鲑鱼成分不同。Protocept A含有未通过变应原性试验的水解鲑鱼蛋白质。该问题减轻如下:用不同的鲑鱼粉替换和调节配制剂以递送最小30mg的Protocepts B和C中均需要的蛋白质。
Protocepts A和B的测试用于设计优化的配制剂和工艺流程。优化的配制剂(Protocept C)具有25g的单份量,并且能够加以处理而无问题。该单份重量相关于22.3mL的单份量,通过将25g Protocept A称量入25mL的刻度量筒和在弯月面测量体积值获得。Protocept C不包括调味剂,而包括调节量的鲑鱼粉。表3显示Protocept C配制剂。
表3
建议的优化工艺流程如下。首先,在干燥研磨机中,将对剂量给药蛋白质合适的比率的变应原成分中的15种(可以排除1种成分例如花生成分)与降低水分和脂肪含量至可接受水平所需的填充成分(麦芽糊精和糖)一起干燥研磨,实现希望的颗粒尺寸。所排除的成分例如花生成分将分开干燥研磨,或将使用商品来源的花生成分,其粒度类似干燥研磨的15种变应原成分共混物。随后,将干燥研磨的15种变应原成分干燥混合物和额外成分例如花生成分并入液体形式:剪切混合入温水中以使固体溶剂化和悬浮,和在持续搅拌下将产品保持在槽中1小时以水化蛋白质。随后,将剪切混合的产品湿法研磨/匀化以降低在液体悬浮液或浆料中的颗粒尺寸,其中再循环产品多次以降低沉降和改善不透明度。在匀化之后,通过在脂肪、缓冲剂和胶凝糖胶中剪切混合并入剩余成分以改善稳定性、视觉外观和固体悬浮。如果需要则加入调味剂。随后,超高温单元用于在287℉超高温处理15秒,用于确保食品安全的热致死步骤。所得产品用线上匀化器进一步匀化以产生固体组分和脂肪小球的一致范围的颗粒尺寸,并且使颗粒均匀分布在整个液体基质中。最后,将组合物无菌充入单份包装,在环境温度贮藏。与清洁填充相对,优化工艺流程的关键区别是填充将在无菌条件下完成。这将允许产品作为贮存稳定的产品储存在环境条件下。
援引加入
通过援引将本文提及的全部公开和专利包括下文列举的那些项全部并入本文,用于全部意图,如同各单独公开或专利通过援引特别且单独地并入。在冲突的情况下,以本申请、包括本文的任何定义为准。
等价情况
虽然本发明的特定实施方式已有讨论,上述说明书是示例性而非限制性的。在参考本说明书之后,本发明的许多变化对本领域技术人员来说将变得明显。本发明的全部范围应参照权利要求及其完整范围的等价形式和说明书以及所述变化而确定。
除非另有指定,说明书和权利要求中所用的表达成分、反应条件等的量的全部数字应理解为在全部情况中被术语"约"修饰。相应地,除非相反指出,本说明书和所附权利要求中描述的数字参数是近似值,其可以取决于本发明致力于获得的希望特性而变化。
Claims (25)
1.制备匀化的液体混合的变应原组合物的方法,该方法包括:
干混干燥混合物,其中干燥混合物包含6至20种变应原和填充剂;
研磨干燥混合物并使经研磨的干燥混合物通过大筛网以获得首通混合物;
研磨首通混合物并使首通混合物通过小筛网以获得具有实质上一致的颗粒尺寸的细颗粒混合物;
将细颗粒混合物混入水中以获得水化的混合物;和
使水化的混合物通过匀化器以获得匀化的液体混合的变应原组合物。
2.权利要求1的方法,其中研磨干燥混合物包括使用约7,500RPM的转子速度。
3.权利要求1或2的方法,其中研磨首通混合物包括使用约7,500RPM的转子速度。
4.权利要求1-3中任一项的方法,其中大筛网具有约0.033英寸的开口尺寸。
5.权利要求1-4中任一项的方法,其中小筛网具有约0.020英寸的开口尺寸。
6.权利要求1-5中任一项的方法,其中研磨干燥混合物和/或研磨首通混合物还包括使真空抽吸脉冲通过研磨机。
7.权利要求1-6中任一项的方法,其中填充剂包含麦芽糊精。
8.权利要求7的方法,其中填充剂还包含蔗糖。
9.权利要求1-8中任一项的方法,其中填充剂包含重量比约3:1的麦芽糊精和蔗糖。
10.权利要求1-9中任一项的方法,其中将细颗粒混合物混入水中包括剪切混合。
11.权利要求10的方法,还包括将细颗粒混合物在水中水化约1小时或更多。
12.权利要求1-11中任一项的方法,还包括在超高温处理液体混合的变应原混合物。
13.权利要求12的方法,其中超高温是约287°F或更高。
14.权利要求12或13的方法,其中在超高温处理液体混合的变应原混合物发生在使水化的混合物通过匀化器之后。
15.权利要求1-14中任一项的方法,还包括将匀化的液体变应原混合物与一种或多种赋形剂剪切混合以获得剪切-混合匀化的液体变应原混合物。
16.权利要求15的方法,其中一种或多种赋形剂各自选自:食品安全油,多糖,调味剂,和食品安全盐。
17.权利要求16的方法,其中多糖是胶凝糖胶。
18.权利要求16或17的方法,其中食品安全盐是磷酸二钾。
19.权利要求1-18中任一项的方法,还包括对剪切-混合匀化的液体变应原混合物进行线上匀化。
20.权利要求1-19中任一项的方法,其中一种或多种额外的变应原是分开无水研磨的和任选与干燥混合物、首通混合物和/或细颗粒混合物混合。
21.液体混合的变应原组合物,包含匀化的液体混合的变应原组合物,其中所述匀化的液体混合的变应原组合物是通过权利要求1-20中任一项的方法制备的。
22.液体匀化的混合变应原组合物,包含:
12至16种不同蛋白质变应原;麦芽糊精;蔗糖;油,和任选的维生素,其中麦芽糊精与蔗糖的重量比是约3:1。
23.权利要求22的液体匀化的混合变应原组合物,其中维生素是维生素D。
24.权利要求22的液体匀化的混合变应原组合物,还包含胶凝糖胶。
25.约20mL至约30mL的液体匀化的混合变应原组合物的单元剂量,所述组合物包含:12至16种不同蛋白质变应原;麦芽糊精;蔗糖;油,和任选的维生素,其中麦芽糊精与蔗糖的重量比是约3:1。
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