CN110108845A - A kind of soil evaporation and plant transpiration steam collect measuring device and its application method - Google Patents

A kind of soil evaporation and plant transpiration steam collect measuring device and its application method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN110108845A
CN110108845A CN201910472624.6A CN201910472624A CN110108845A CN 110108845 A CN110108845 A CN 110108845A CN 201910472624 A CN201910472624 A CN 201910472624A CN 110108845 A CN110108845 A CN 110108845A
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China
Prior art keywords
steam
evaporation
evapotranspiration
receiving flask
measuring device
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CN201910472624.6A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
王茜
崔浩浩
刘鹏飞
王金哲
张光辉
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Institute of Hydrogeology and Environmental Geology CAGS
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Institute of Hydrogeology and Environmental Geology CAGS
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Publication of CN110108845A publication Critical patent/CN110108845A/en
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N33/00Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N5/00Analysing materials by weighing, e.g. weighing small particles separated from a gas or liquid
    • G01N5/04Analysing materials by weighing, e.g. weighing small particles separated from a gas or liquid by removing a component, e.g. by evaporation, and weighing the remainder

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Biochemistry (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
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  • Food Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Sampling And Sample Adjustment (AREA)

Abstract

Measuring device technical field more particularly to a kind of soil evaporation are collected the present invention relates to evaporation, rising steam and plant transpiration steam collects measuring device, comprising: evapotranspiration reaction chamber, for collecting evaporation, the transpiration steam of soil and plant;Evapotranspiration steam collector, for condensing the evaporation, rising steam;The evapotranspiration steam collector is equipped with receiving flask, for containing the evaporation, rising steam;Aspiration pump, the aspiration pump are connect with the receiving flask, for extracting out the air inside receiving flask and being in negative pressure state;Connecting line, one end of the connecting line is stretched out from the evapotranspiration reaction chamber, the other end of the connecting line is protruded into from the receiving flask, pass through the inside that the connecting line enters the receiving flask for realizing the evaporation of the evapotranspiration reaction chamber, rising steam, meanwhile the present invention have the characteristics that it is easy to operate, at low cost.

Description

A kind of soil evaporation and plant transpiration steam collect measuring device and its application method
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of evaporation, rising steam to collect measuring device, and in particular to a kind of Field Scale soil evaporation Measuring device and its application method are collected in situ with plant transpiration steam, belong to hydrology, irrigation and water conservancy and ecological technology neck Domain.
Background technique
Water balance and evapotranspiration process study are the importances of hydrologic cycle research;Correctly observation and calculating earth's surface Actual evapotranspiration has the Sustainable Development and Utilization of Water cycle characteristics, realization regional water resources under understanding climate There is very important meaning;Plant transpiration amount, soil evaporativeness are effectively measured for convenience, while also being studied for water utilization The instrument easy to use that measuring accuracy is high, stability is good is provided, the evapotranspiration of Field Scale at present is mainly seeped using large-scale steam Instrument or remote Sensing Interpretation method.
But the former higher cost, general experiment are unrealistic using Large-scale lysimeter;And installation, observation, daily maintenance Process is more complex, and requirement is higher, more demanding to technical staff's profession degree of operation, therefore its narrow scope of application;Afterwards Person's measurement accuracy is low, in actual use often inevitable generation system or operational biggish error, Therefore, the confidence level of result is lower, and is influenced by observation area weather, with the discontinuity in time scale.
Summary of the invention
For this purpose, the embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of soil evaporation and plant transpiration steam collects measuring device and its user Method, at least solve the problems, such as in the prior art due to caused by instrument is complicated operation difficulty it is big, at high cost.
To achieve the goals above, the embodiment of the present invention provides the following technical solutions:
According to a first aspect of the embodiments of the present invention, a kind of soil evaporation is provided and plant transpiration steam collects measurement dress It sets, described device includes: evapotranspiration reaction chamber, for collecting evaporation, rising steam;Evapotranspiration steam collector, for condensing The evaporation, rising steam;The evapotranspiration steam collector is equipped with receiving flask, for containing the evaporation, rising steam;It takes out Air pump, the aspiration pump are connect with the receiving flask, for extracting out the air inside receiving flask and being in negative pressure state;Connection One end of pipeline, the connecting line is stretched out from the evapotranspiration reaction chamber, and the other end of the connecting line is from the collection Bottle protrudes into, and enters the receipts by the connecting line for realizing the evaporation of the evapotranspiration reaction chamber, rising steam Collect the inside of bottle.
Further, the connecting line is equipped with the first valve, and first valve is located at the evapotranspiration reaction chamber Top.
Further, the bottom of the evapotranspiration reaction chamber is equipped with multiple fans, and the fan is equipped with sealing baffle.
Further, the evapotranspiration steam collector is equipped with insulation barrel, and the insulation barrel is for containing condensed fluid.
Further, the bung hole of the insulation barrel is equipped with rubber plug.
Further, the inside of the insulation barrel is arranged in the receiving flask.
Further, the top of the receiving flask is equipped with connector, and the connector includes that the first connector and second connect Interface.
Further, the other end of the connecting line is connect with first connector, the aspiration pump and described the The connection of two connectors.
According to a second aspect of the embodiments of the present invention, a kind of soil evaporation is provided and plant transpiration steam collects measuring device Application method, include the following steps:
1) evapotranspiration reaction chamber is placed on plant and soil, the first valve of closing, opening sealing baffle, ventilation 30~ After 60s, sealing baffle is closed;
2) air inside receiving flask is extracted out and is in negative pressure state by aspiration pump;
3) freezing liquid is injected into insulation barrel, and the receiving flask is put into the inside of the insulation barrel, screws rubber plug;
4) first valve is opened, evaporation, rising steam enter the inside of the receiving flask and cold by connecting line But.
5) it weighs.
Further, the freezing liquid is liquid nitrogen.
The present invention has the advantage that
One, the present invention provides a kind of soil evaporation and plant transpiration steam collects measuring device, including evapotranspiration reaction chamber, For collecting evapotranspiration steam;Evapotranspiration steam collector, for condensation evaporation, rising steam;Evapotranspiration steam collector Equipped with receiving flask, for containing evaporation, rising steam;Aspiration pump, aspiration pump are connect with receiving flask, for will be inside receiving flask Air is extracted out and is in negative pressure state;Connecting line, one end of connecting line are stretched out from evapotranspiration reaction chamber, connecting line it is another One end is protruded into from receiving flask, and the inside of receiving flask is entered by connecting line for realizing the rising steam of evapotranspiration reaction chamber, The configuration of the present invention is simple, device is small and exquisite, occupied area is small, be easily installed, convenient for carrying out evapotranspiring for soil and plant whenever and wherever possible The collection and observation of shampoo vapour, routine maintenance procedure is simple, and use cost is low.
Two, the present invention provides the application method of a kind of soil evaporation and plant transpiration steam collection measuring device, can will steam Distribute steam collection, the further analysis for isotope or chemical constituent.
Three, the present invention provides the application method of a kind of soil evaporation and plant transpiration steam collection measuring device, weight method The evapotranspiration amount that measurement obtains can be used for the correction of observation area remote sensing evapotranspiration amount.
Detailed description of the invention
It, below will be to embodiment party in order to illustrate more clearly of embodiments of the present invention or technical solution in the prior art Formula or attached drawing needed to be used in the description of the prior art are briefly described.It should be evident that the accompanying drawings in the following description is only It is merely exemplary, it for those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, can also basis The attached drawing of offer, which is extended, obtains other implementation attached drawings.
Structure depicted in this specification, ratio, size etc., only to cooperate the revealed content of specification, for Those skilled in the art understands and reads, and is not intended to limit the invention enforceable qualifications, therefore does not have technical Essential meaning, the modification of any structure, the change of proportionate relationship or the adjustment of size are not influencing the function of the invention that can be generated Under effect and the purpose that can reach, should all still it fall in the range of disclosed technology contents obtain and can cover.
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram that a kind of soil evaporation provided by the invention and plant transpiration steam collect measuring device;
In figure: 1- evapotranspiration reaction chamber;11- plexiglass tent;12- fan;The first valve of 13-;2- connecting line;3- steams Distribute steam collector;31- insulation barrel;32- receiving flask;The second valve of 33-;4- micro-suction pump.
Specific embodiment
Embodiments of the present invention are illustrated by particular specific embodiment below, those skilled in the art can be by this explanation Content disclosed by book is understood other advantages and efficacy of the present invention easily, it is clear that described embodiment is the present invention one Section Example, instead of all the embodiments.Based on the embodiments of the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art are not doing Every other embodiment obtained under the premise of creative work out, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The term on cited such as "upper", "lower", " left side ", the right side in this specification ", " centre ", is merely convenient to describe Be illustrated, rather than to limit the scope of the invention, relativeness is altered or modified, and is changing technology without essence It inside holds, when being also considered as the enforceable scope of the present invention.
Embodiment 1
As shown in Figure 1, the present invention provides a kind of soil evaporation and plant transpiration steam collects measuring device, including evapotranspiration Reaction chamber 1, for collecting evaporation, rising steam;Evapotranspiration steam collector 3, for condensation evaporation, rising steam;Evapotranspiration Steam collector 3 is equipped with receiving flask 32, for containing evaporation, rising steam;Micro-suction pump 4, micro-suction pump 4 and receiving flask 32 connections, for being extracted out the air inside receiving flask 32 and being in negative pressure state;Connecting line 2, one end of connecting line 2 from Evapotranspiration reaction chamber 1 stretches out, and the other end of connecting line 2 is protruded into from receiving flask 32, for realizing the steaming of evapotranspiration reaction chamber 1 Hair, rising steam enter the inside of receiving flask 32 by connecting line 2, the configuration of the present invention is simple, and device is small and exquisite, occupied area It is small, be easily installed, convenient for carrying out soil evaporation and the collection of plant transpiration steam and observation whenever and wherever possible, routine maintenance procedure letter Single, use cost is low.
Embodiment 2
In order to realize that the evapotranspiration steam of control evapotranspiration reaction chamber 1 is discharged along connecting line 2, the present invention provides one Kind soil and plant transpiration steam collect measuring device, and connecting line 2 is equipped with the first valve 13, and rotation the first valve 13 realization has Machine cloche 11 closed is connected to the realization of receiving flask 32.
Embodiment 3
Influence of the greenhouse effects to natural evapotranspiration process and vapour quantity, the present invention provide a kind of soil evaporation in order to prevent Measuring device is collected with plant transpiration steam, the bottom of evapotranspiration reaction chamber 1 is set there are two fan 12, and fan 12 is equipped with sealing gear Plate opens sealing baffle, for cooling down for the inside of plexiglass tent 11 before being evaporated, rising steam is collected And air circulation, avoid systematic error.
Embodiment 4
In order to realize that the evapotranspiration steam that will be contained in receiving flask 32 condenses in order to weigh, the present invention provides one Kind soil evaporation and plant transpiration steam collect measuring device, and evapotranspiration steam collector 3 is equipped with insulation barrel 31, insulation barrel 31 Bung hole is equipped with rubber plug, and the other end of connecting line 2 is connect through rubber plug and with receiving flask 32, injects liquid in the inside of insulation barrel 31 Nitrogen, and receiving flask 32 is placed in the inside of insulation barrel 31, and then realize the evaporation in receiving flask 32, rising moisture condensation.
Embodiment 5
In order to improve the airtightness of receiving flask 32, the present invention provides a kind of soil evaporation and plant transpiration steam collects measurement Device is equipped with connector at the top of receiving flask 32, and connector includes the first connector and the second connector, wherein first connects Interface is connect with the other end of connecting line 2, and the second connector is connect with micro-suction pump 4;Second connector is equipped with the second valve Door 33;
When being evacuated, rubber plug is unscrewed, micro-suction pump 4 and the second connector are attached, opens the second valve Door 33 shows numerical value according to the air gauge of micro-suction pump 4, when the inside of receiving flask 32 is in negative pressure state, closes second Valve 33 closes micro-suction pump 4 and disconnects the connection with the second connector, then screws rubber plug.
Embodiment 6
As shown in Figure 1, the present invention provides the application method of a kind of soil evaporation and plant transpiration steam collection measuring device, Include the following steps:
1) select one block of flat soil and one plant of plant to grow fine as observation object first, by evapotranspiration reaction chamber 1 is placed on plant and soil, and plant is made to be in the center of plexiglass tent 11 as far as possible, to prevent evapotranspiration reaction chamber 1 Internal greenhouse effects have an impact evapotranspiration process, close the first valve 13, open sealing baffle, after the 45s that divulges information, close close Block plate;
2) pipeline of micro-suction pump 4 is connect with the second connector, opens the second valve 33 of the second connector, passes through Air inside receiving flask 32 is extracted out and is made inside receiving flask 32 in negative pressure state by micro-suction pump 4;
3) liquid nitrogen is injected into insulation barrel 31, and the receiving flask 32 is put into the inside of the insulation barrel 31, screws glue Plug keeps being in cryogenic freezing environment inside receiving flask 32;
4) first valve 13 is opened, evaporation, rising steam enter the inside of the receiving flask 32 by connecting line 2 And it is cooling.
5) it is needed to select different measurement periods, plot and floristics according to research, during measurement in evapotranspiration reaction chamber 1 The internal condensation for entering receiving flask 32 by connecting line 2 is by the evaporation of soil evaporation and plant transpiration generation, rising steam Liquid water.
6) after terminating measurement, the first valve 13 is closed, using electronic balance to the shampoo that evapotranspires collected in receiving flask 32 Sample is weighed, and is needed to encapsulate according to subsequent analysis research, saved water sample.
Embodiment 7
As shown in Figure 1, the present invention provides the application method of a kind of soil evaporation and plant transpiration steam collection measuring device, Include the following steps:
1) select one block of flat soil and one plant of plant to grow fine as observation object first, by evapotranspiration reaction chamber 1 is placed on plant and soil, and plant is made to be in the center of plexiglass tent 11 as far as possible, to prevent evapotranspiration reaction chamber 1 Internal greenhouse effects have an impact evapotranspiration, close the first valve 13, open sealing baffle, after the 60s that divulges information, close sealing gear Plate;
2) pipeline of micro-suction pump 4 is connect with the second connector, opens the second valve 33 of the second connector, passes through Air inside receiving flask 32 is extracted out and is made inside receiving flask 32 in negative pressure state by micro-suction pump 4;
3) liquid nitrogen is injected into insulation barrel 31, and the receiving flask 32 is put into the inside of the insulation barrel 31, screws glue Plug keeps being in cryogenic freezing environment inside receiving flask 32;
4) first valve 13 is opened, evaporation, rising steam enter the inside of the receiving flask 32 by connecting line 2 And it is cooling.
5) it is needed to select different measurement periods, plot and floristics according to research, during measurement in evapotranspiration reaction chamber 1 The internal condensation for entering receiving flask 32 by connecting line 2 is by the evaporation of soil evaporation and plant transpiration generation, rising steam Liquid water.
6) after terminating measurement, the first valve 13 is closed, using electronic balance to the shampoo that evapotranspires collected in receiving flask 32 Sample is weighed, and is needed to encapsulate according to subsequent analysis research, saved water sample.
Embodiment 8
As shown in Figure 1, the present invention provides the application method of a kind of soil evaporation and plant transpiration steam collection measuring device, Include the following steps:
1) select one block of flat soil and one plant of plant to grow fine as observation object first, by evapotranspiration reaction chamber 1 is placed on plant and soil, and plant is made to be in the center of plexiglass tent 11 as far as possible, to prevent evapotranspiration reaction chamber 1 Internal greenhouse effects have an impact evapotranspiration, close the first valve 13, open sealing baffle, after the 30s that divulges information, close sealing gear Plate;
2) pipeline of micro-suction pump 4 is connect with the second connector, opens the second valve 33 of the second connector, passes through Air inside receiving flask 32 is extracted out and is made inside receiving flask 32 in negative pressure state by micro-suction pump 4;
3) liquid nitrogen is injected into insulation barrel 31, and the receiving flask 32 is put into the inside of the insulation barrel 31, screws glue Plug keeps being in cryogenic freezing environment inside receiving flask 32;
4) first valve 13 is opened, evaporation, rising steam enter the inside of the receiving flask 32 by connecting line 2 And it is cooling.
5) it is needed to select different measurement periods, plot and floristics according to research, during measurement in evapotranspiration reaction chamber 1 The internal condensation for entering receiving flask 32 by connecting line 2 is by the evaporation of soil evaporation and plant transpiration generation, rising steam Liquid water.
6) after terminating measurement, the first valve 13 is closed, using electronic balance to the shampoo that evapotranspires collected in receiving flask 32 Sample is weighed, and is needed to encapsulate according to subsequent analysis research, saved water sample.
The sequencing of above embodiments is not only for ease of description, represent the advantages or disadvantages of the embodiments.
Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than its limitations;Although Present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that: it still may be used To modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or equivalent replacement of some of the technical features; And these are modified or replaceed, technical solution of various embodiments of the present invention that it does not separate the essence of the corresponding technical solution spirit and Range.

Claims (10)

1. a kind of soil evaporation and plant transpiration steam collect measuring device characterized by comprising
Evapotranspiration reaction chamber, for collecting evaporation, rising steam;
Evapotranspiration steam collector, for condensing the evaporation, rising steam;The evapotranspiration steam collector, which is equipped with, to be collected Bottle, for containing the evaporation, rising steam;
Aspiration pump, the aspiration pump are connect with the receiving flask, for extracting out the air inside receiving flask and being in negative pressure shape State;
One end of connecting line, the connecting line is stretched out from the evapotranspiration reaction chamber, the other end of the connecting line from The receiving flask protrudes into, for realizing the evaporation of the evapotranspiration reaction chamber, rising steam by the connecting line into Enter the inside of the receiving flask.
2. soil evaporation as described in claim 1 and plant transpiration steam collect measuring device, which is characterized in that the connection Pipeline is equipped with the first valve, and first valve is located at the top of the evapotranspiration reaction chamber.
3. soil evaporation as claimed in claim 2 and plant transpiration steam collect measuring device, which is characterized in that described to evapotranspire The bottom for sending out reaction chamber is equipped with multiple fans, and the fan is equipped with sealing baffle.
4. soil evaporation as claimed in claim 3 and plant transpiration steam collect measuring device, which is characterized in that described to evapotranspire The vapour collector that floods is equipped with insulation barrel, and the insulation barrel is for containing condensed fluid.
5. soil evaporation as claimed in claim 4 and plant transpiration steam collect measuring device, which is characterized in that the heat preservation The bung hole of bucket is equipped with rubber plug.
6. soil evaporation as claimed in claim 5 and plant transpiration steam collect measuring device, which is characterized in that the collection The inside of the insulation barrel is arranged in bottle.
7. measuring device is collected in the soil evaporation and plant transpiration steam as described in one of claim 1-6, which is characterized in that institute The top for stating receiving flask is equipped with connector, and the connector includes the first connector and the second connector.
8. soil evaporation as claimed in claim 7 and plant transpiration steam collect measuring device, which is characterized in that the connection The other end of pipeline is connect with first connector, and the aspiration pump is connect with second connector.
9. the application method that a kind of soil evaporation and plant transpiration steam collect measuring device, which is characterized in that including walking as follows It is rapid:
1) evapotranspiration reaction chamber is placed on plant and soil, closes the first valve, open sealing baffle, divulge information 30~60s Afterwards, sealing baffle is closed;
2) air inside receiving flask is extracted out and is in negative pressure state by aspiration pump;
3) freezing liquid is injected into insulation barrel, and the receiving flask is put into the inside of the insulation barrel, screws rubber plug;
4) first valve is opened, evaporation, rising steam enter inside and the cooling of the receiving flask by connecting line;
5) it weighs.
10. soil evaporation as claimed in claim 9 and plant transpiration steam collect the application method of measuring device, feature exists In the freezing liquid is liquid nitrogen.
CN201910472624.6A 2019-05-31 2019-05-31 A kind of soil evaporation and plant transpiration steam collect measuring device and its application method Pending CN110108845A (en)

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Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110736677A (en) * 2019-11-12 2020-01-31 河南大学 plant transpiration measuring device and method
CN111999129A (en) * 2020-07-17 2020-11-27 中国科学院南京地理与湖泊研究所 Atmospheric water vapor collecting device and using method thereof
CN112697638A (en) * 2021-01-11 2021-04-23 贵州省林业科学研究院 Automatic continuous dynamic measurement system and method for in-situ shrub transpiration amount
CN113008727A (en) * 2021-02-21 2021-06-22 中国科学院地质与地球物理研究所 Water vapor recirculation ratio measuring system and measuring method thereof
CN113834920A (en) * 2021-10-30 2021-12-24 中国水利水电科学研究院 A water resource characteristic accurate measurement experimental apparatus for planting region
CN114323747A (en) * 2021-12-08 2022-04-12 河海大学 Soil-vegetation-atmospheric moisture collection system based on unmanned aerial vehicle
CN114323747B (en) * 2021-12-08 2024-06-04 河海大学 Unmanned aerial vehicle-based soil-vegetation-atmosphere water collection system

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CN103235091A (en) * 2013-04-24 2013-08-07 甘肃省治沙研究所 Gravity type plant transpiration recorder
CN108776051A (en) * 2018-05-11 2018-11-09 山西师范大学 A kind of soil, plant evaporation steam isotope harvester
CN210181005U (en) * 2019-05-31 2020-03-24 中国地质科学院水文地质环境地质研究所 Soil evaporation and plant transpiration steam collection and measurement device

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CN101907566A (en) * 2010-07-12 2010-12-08 青岛农业大学 Method and device for measuring photosynthesis, breath and transpiration of plant canopy or/and breath and evaporation of soil
CN102955018A (en) * 2012-10-26 2013-03-06 北京师范大学 Portable eco-hydrological experiment and monitoring system
CN103235091A (en) * 2013-04-24 2013-08-07 甘肃省治沙研究所 Gravity type plant transpiration recorder
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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110736677A (en) * 2019-11-12 2020-01-31 河南大学 plant transpiration measuring device and method
CN110736677B (en) * 2019-11-12 2021-04-30 河南大学 Plant transpiration measuring device and method
CN111999129A (en) * 2020-07-17 2020-11-27 中国科学院南京地理与湖泊研究所 Atmospheric water vapor collecting device and using method thereof
CN112697638A (en) * 2021-01-11 2021-04-23 贵州省林业科学研究院 Automatic continuous dynamic measurement system and method for in-situ shrub transpiration amount
CN113008727A (en) * 2021-02-21 2021-06-22 中国科学院地质与地球物理研究所 Water vapor recirculation ratio measuring system and measuring method thereof
CN113008727B (en) * 2021-02-21 2022-01-25 中国科学院地质与地球物理研究所 Water vapor recirculation ratio measuring system and measuring method thereof
CN113834920A (en) * 2021-10-30 2021-12-24 中国水利水电科学研究院 A water resource characteristic accurate measurement experimental apparatus for planting region
CN114323747A (en) * 2021-12-08 2022-04-12 河海大学 Soil-vegetation-atmospheric moisture collection system based on unmanned aerial vehicle
CN114323747B (en) * 2021-12-08 2024-06-04 河海大学 Unmanned aerial vehicle-based soil-vegetation-atmosphere water collection system

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Application publication date: 20190809