CN1100843C - 基质结构可控制的高聚物分散液晶膜及其制法 - Google Patents
基质结构可控制的高聚物分散液晶膜及其制法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明涉及基质具有胆甾型液晶相结构的PDLC膜及其制法。本发明所提供的PDLC膜,由纤维素衍生物与液晶化合物在可聚合的单体中按照一定的比例混合,加入引发剂,同时加入单体重量0.2-2.0%的交联剂进行聚合,形成液晶态膜。该膜的机械性能随膜的基质的结构而变化。由于膜的光学性质随温度而变化,因而在显示材料的应用上有较好的前景。
Description
本发明涉及其基质具有胆甾型液晶相结构的PDLC膜及其制法。
PDLC膜是一种小分子液晶小液滴分布在连续的高分子基体中的功能膜。这类膜在显示器、温度传感器、光学计算和太阳能控制等方面均有极大的应用前景。PDLC膜可以由许多种方法制备得到(John L.West,Mol.Cryst.Liq.Cryst.,1988,157,427-441)。如将液晶化合物溶解于可聚合的单体中,然后进行聚合反应,得到聚合反应产生相分离的PDLC膜;将液晶化合物溶解于高分子熔体中,然后冷却,得到热诱导产生相分离的PDLC膜;将液晶化合物和高分子基体溶解于共同的溶剂中,然后再使溶剂挥发,得到溶剂诱导产生相分离的PDLC膜。上述方法都可以使液晶化合物较好的分散在高分子基体中。Nuno A.Vaz等人(Mol.Cryst.Liq.Cryst.,1987,146,17-34)制备出以环氧树脂为基质的聚合反应诱导相分离的PDLC膜,并发现其光学性能受到电场和温度变化的影响,有可能做为显示和光阀材料。R.Aloe等人(Mol.Cryst.Liq.Cryst.,1991,203,9-24)制备出以甲基丙烯酸甲酯为基质的温度诱导相分离的PDLC膜,并研究了在电场中液晶分子取向的机理和光学性质。在上述的PDLC膜中,聚合物基质都是处于各向同性状态。
本发明提供一种具有胆甾型液晶相基质结构可以控制的PDLC膜,该膜由纤维素衍生物、小分子液晶化合物和交联的高分子材料组成,利用纤维素衍生物和液晶化合物在可聚合的单体中通过单体的原位聚合形成液晶态膜,该PDLC膜的光学性质随着温度而变化,膜的机械性能随膜基质的结构而变化,膜基质结构的改变是取决于聚合前溶液中纤维素衍生物的浓度,这种PDLC膜基质结构与现有技术中聚合物基质都处于各向同性状态不同的是膜基结构可以是各向同性或是各向异性的,膜的透光率在39℃左右,发生突变性提高。
本发明所述及的PDLC膜材料的制造,是利用聚合反应诱导相分离,采用纤维素衍生物和小分子液晶化合物与可聚合单体按100∶30-100∶100~140混合形成液晶溶液,加入二苯甲酮类化合物、安息香或其衍生物,作为引发剂,用量为单体重量的0.5-5.0%,加入引发剂同时加入二乙烯苯或丙烯酸二乙烯酯类化合物作交联剂,用量为单体重量的0.2-2.0%,将配制好的溶液加压形成薄膜,在紫外光照射下进行聚合,聚合温度不高于35℃,聚合时间不超过20分钟,形成具有交联的网状结构聚合物。聚合的原料纤维素衍生物为乙基纤维素、乙基氰乙基纤维素、乙基醋酸纤维素,液晶小分子化合物为可形成向列相的联苯类液晶化合物,可聚合单体为丙烯酸、丙烯酰胺。
本发明所涉及的PDLC膜在显示器、温度传感器、光学计算等应用,而且由于膜的光学性质与温度变化有关,因此在与温度变化有关的显示材料的应用上有较大的应用前景。
实施例
将乙基氰乙基纤维素/4-氰基-4’-正庚基联苯(7CB)/丙烯酸按46/43/54混合,加入适量的二苯甲酮和丙烯酸二乙烯酯。用玻璃棍搅拌均匀,在密封状态下于15-18℃放置一个星期后形成均匀的呈现出兰色的胆甾型液晶溶液。把该溶液夹于垫有0.3mm厚的聚四氟乙烯模具的玻璃片之间形成液晶溶液膜。用紫外光照射一定时间以后,丙烯酸聚合成为部分交联的聚丙烯酸,得到乙基氰乙基纤维素/4-氰基-4’-正庚基联苯/交联聚丙烯酸PDLC膜。该膜小分子液晶相区分散在具有胆甾型液晶相结构的基质中,在室温下膜透光率比较低,但在39℃左右时,膜的透光率发生突变,透光率大大提高。
Claims (4)
1、一种基质结构可控制的高聚物分散液晶膜,由纤维素衍生物、小分子液晶化合物和交联的高分子材料组成,其特征在于利用纤维素衍生物乙基纤维素、乙基氰乙基纤维素或乙基醋酸纤维素与形成向列相的联苯类液晶化合物,在可聚合的单体丙烯酸或丙烯酰胺中通过单体的原位聚合形成液晶态膜,膜基质结构可以是各向同性或各向异性的,其机械性能随膜基质的结构而改变,光学性质随温度而变化。
2、根据权利要求1中所述的高聚物分散液晶膜,其特征在于膜的基质结构随聚合前纤维素衍生物浓度而变化。
3、根据权利要求1中所述的高聚物分散液晶膜,其特征在于该膜于39℃左右时,透光率发生突变性提高。
4、一种制造权利要求1中所述膜的方法,利用聚合反应诱导相分离,将纤维素衍生物乙基纤维素、乙基氰乙基纤维素或乙基醋酸纤维素和形成向列相的联苯类液晶化合物,与聚合单体丙烯酸或丙烯酰胺按100∶30~100∶100~140混合形成液晶溶液,加入二苯甲酮类化合物安息香或其衍生物,作为引发剂,用量为单体重量的0.5~5.0%,其特征在于加入引发剂的同时,加入二乙烯苯或丙烯酸二乙烯酯类化合物作交联剂,加入量为单体重量的0.2~2.0%,将配制好的溶液加压形成薄膜,在紫外光照射下进行聚合,聚合温度不高于35℃,聚合时间不超过20分钟,形成具有交联的网状结构聚合物。
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CN100406987C (zh) * | 2005-12-27 | 2008-07-30 | 北京科技大学 | 一种聚合物分散液晶薄膜的制备方法 |
CN100367082C (zh) * | 2006-01-13 | 2008-02-06 | 吉林大学 | Mems液晶光衰减器阵列及制作方法 |
TWI326374B (en) | 2006-01-25 | 2010-06-21 | Ind Tech Res Inst | Manufacturing method of a display panel and sealing layer material thereof |
CN102295786A (zh) * | 2011-06-13 | 2011-12-28 | 青岛科技大学 | 纳米纤维素晶体/聚苯胺类复合材料的制备方法及其产品 |
JP6582485B2 (ja) * | 2015-03-27 | 2019-10-02 | セイコーエプソン株式会社 | 組成物、造形物の製造方法および造形物 |
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CN1055191A (zh) * | 1990-03-24 | 1991-10-09 | 中国科学院广州化学研究所 | 纤维素衍生物液晶态固体显色膜的制法 |
CN1164866A (zh) * | 1994-09-19 | 1997-11-12 | 米什兰研究和技术股份公司 | 含有纤维素基料和至少一种磷酸的液晶溶液 |
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CN1055191A (zh) * | 1990-03-24 | 1991-10-09 | 中国科学院广州化学研究所 | 纤维素衍生物液晶态固体显色膜的制法 |
CN1164866A (zh) * | 1994-09-19 | 1997-11-12 | 米什兰研究和技术股份公司 | 含有纤维素基料和至少一种磷酸的液晶溶液 |
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