CN110074037B - Device for researching toxicological effect of pollutants on fishes - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a device for researching toxicological effects of pollutants on fishes, which comprises a box body, wherein a raw material area, a mixing area, a diffusion area, a stable flow area, an exposure area and a water collection area are arranged in the box body along the water flow direction, wherein the exposure area comprises: the front water filtering plate, the flow rate control plate and the partition plate are vertically arranged in the box body, and the partition plate divides the exposed area into a plurality of sub-exposed areas which are arranged side by side; the flow velocity control plate consists of a plurality of sub-flow velocity control plates which are independently controlled and correspond to the corresponding sub-exposure areas, each sub-flow velocity control plate comprises a fixed plate and a movable plate which can move relative to the fixed plate, and the fixed plate and the movable plate are provided with water permeable holes at corresponding positions; and the driving device is connected with the moving plate. According to the invention, the flow speed control board is arranged to realize the flow speed control of each sub-exposure area, so that the influence of pollutants on the toxicological action of fishes under the change of the flow speed is conveniently researched; the water quality is homogenized, and errors caused by concentration differences of exposure matters entering different sub-exposure areas are avoided.

Description

Device for researching toxicological effect of pollutants on fishes

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the field of ecotoxicology, and particularly relates to a device for researching toxicological effects of pollutants on fishes.

Background

Persistent Toxic (PTS) refers to those pollutants that are Persistent, bioaccumulating, long-range environmental migratory, and Toxic. The persistent toxic substances are various in types, and comprise heavy metals and compounds thereof, inorganic nonmetallic compounds, persistent organic pollutants and the like. Persistent toxic contamination is difficult to eliminate by decontamination, and there is also great variability in the contamination of different species with chemicals. Such substances can produce a bioaccumulation effect in the organism, affect the normal maintenance of the organism, and can accumulate in the food chain, affecting organisms with higher nutritional levels. Many PTS-class contaminants have various acute and chronic toxicities, as well as teratogenic, carcinogenic, mutagenic "triprodogenic" toxicities, and many PTS also have endocrine disrupting effects. A large number of environmental surveys and laboratory studies show that persistent toxic substances can cause dysfunction of the human nervous system, destroy normal metabolic functions, increase the incidence of testicular cancer, prostate cancer, breast cancer, uterine cancer and the like, and the like.

In aquatic ecosystems, fish are at the top of the food chain, and can be enriched with persistent toxic substances in their tissue livers and fats, and when the concentration reaches a threshold value, they can affect their egg laying, development, growth, maturation, reproduction, and even death. Thus, fish can indicate not only the cumulative effect of persistent toxic substances but also biological effects at different levels. In ecological and health risk studies of persistent toxic substances, it is crucial to determine their impact on the reproduction and development of spine animals, while fish have a physiological system similar to that of mammals. The fish used as an experimental animal has the advantages of various species, unique biological characteristics, strong fecundity, short sexual maturity period, easily controlled heredity, simple culture and management, sensitivity to persistent toxic substances and the like. At present, experimental fishes used internationally by a plurality of research institutions mainly comprise medaka, Hemiculter nigricans, zebrafish, rainbow trout and the like. Some relatively distinctive experimental fishes, such as gobiocypris rarus, crucian carp, loach, tangfish, swordtail and the like, have been screened in China, wherein the crucian carp as a model organism is widely applied to the research of persistent toxic substances.

At present, in the research on the ecological toxicological effect of fish, when an experimental fish exposure experiment is carried out, the types and concentrations of exposure substances, temperature, illumination and other external influence factors are generally considered, and the exposure modes of the fish exposure experiment are mainly divided into a still water exposure mode, a semi-still water exposure mode and a running water exposure mode. In a natural environment, the water body flow velocity is not static but continuously changes according to natural conditions, and researches show that the change of the flow velocity can change the biological effectiveness of pollutants in organisms so as to influence the ecological toxicological effect of the pollutants on aquatic organisms, so that the investigation of the influence of different flow velocities on the toxicological action of fishes has important significance for further researching the ecological risk of the pollutants.

The existing method for investigating the influence of flow rate difference on the toxicological effect of an exposed object on fishes is generally to arrange a plurality of independent experimental devices, the toxicological effect on the fishes is investigated by adding pollutants with equal concentration under the condition of keeping the flow rate difference, the exposed solution is generally required to be replaced once in 24 hours for maintaining the concentration of the pollutants, the water replacement process is complicated, labor and time are wasted, the mode is difficult to keep the concentrations of the pollutants in the two devices equal at all times, and the pollutant concentration difference can cause larger interference along with the increase of the exposure time. In addition, existing research methods fail to accurately and intelligently maintain the stability of the flow rate.

Therefore, the device for researching the toxicological action of the pollutants on the fishes at different flow rates is urgently needed in the field, and the toxicological action mechanism of the pollutants on the fishes at the flow rate change can be conveniently and deeply researched.

Disclosure of Invention

The purpose of the invention is as follows: in order to solve the problem that the concentration uniformity of pollutants in different experimental groups is difficult to maintain when the toxicological effects of the pollutants on the fishes at different flow rates are researched in the prior art, the invention provides a device for researching the toxicological effects of the pollutants on the fishes.

The technical scheme is as follows: the device for researching toxicological effects of pollutants on fishes comprises a box body, wherein a raw material area, a mixing area, a diffusion area, a flow stabilizing area, an exposure area and a water collecting area are arranged in the box body along the water flow direction, the raw material area is used for storing water and pollutants for experiments, the mixing area is used for receiving and uniformly mixing water and pollutants in the raw material area, pollutant solution in the mixing area enters the diffusion area for diffusion, uniform mixing, then enters the flow stabilizing area for flow stabilization, then enters the exposure area, the water collecting area is used for collecting water flowing out of the exposure area, and the exposure area comprises:

the front water filtering plate is vertically arranged in the box body and separates the exposure area from the steady flow area;

the flow velocity control plate is vertically arranged in the box body and separates the exposure area from the water collecting area;

the partition board is vertically arranged in the box body, two sides of the partition board are respectively connected with the front water filtering board and the flow rate control board, and the partition board divides the exposed area into a plurality of sub-exposed areas which are arranged side by side;

the flow velocity control plate consists of a plurality of sub-flow velocity control plates which are independently controlled and correspond to the corresponding sub-exposure areas, each sub-flow velocity control plate comprises a fixed plate and a movable plate which can move relative to the fixed plate, and the fixed plate and the movable plate are provided with water permeable holes at corresponding positions;

and the driving device is connected with the moving plate and is used for driving the moving plate to move.

In the invention, a raw material area is used for storing experimental water and pollutants, the concentration is set according to experiments, the water and the pollutants in the raw material area enter a mixing area to be fully mixed, then enter a diffusion area to be diffused and mixed, then enter a steady flow area to gradually tend to laminar flow and then enter an exposure area, the experimental fish is positioned in the exposure area, and a water collecting area is used for collecting water flowing out of the exposure area. And the flow tends to be laminar through the flow stabilizing area, so that the flow rate is more accurately controlled. The flow velocity control of the invention is simpler, because the fixed plate and the movable plate are provided with the permeable holes at the corresponding positions, the movable plate is driven to move by the driving device, the permeable holes of the movable plate are staggered with the fixed plate, the flow area is changed, and thus the flow velocity is changed.

The front water filtering plate is provided with water filtering holes, water in the stable flow area enters the exposed area through the water filtering holes, and two sides of the front water filtering plate are respectively connected with the side wall of the box body.

The device for researching the toxicological effect of the pollutants on the fishes further comprises a control unit, and the control unit is electrically connected with the driving device. The control unit controls the operation of the driving device, thereby realizing the automatic control of the flow rate.

And a flow rate measuring instrument is arranged in each sub-exposure area and is electrically connected with the control unit.

The bottom of each sub-exposure area is provided with a bottom water filtering plate; each sub-exposure area is provided with a turbidity detector and a sweeper between the bottom water filtering plate and the bottom of the box body, and the turbidity detector and the sweeper are electrically connected with the control unit. Fish excrement and aquatic suspended impurity can get into the space between end drainage board and the bottom half through end drainage board, detects turbidity through the turbidity detector, feeds back to control unit, and control unit control sweeper cleans in good time.

An aeration cylinder is arranged in the mixing area, and an oxygenation pipe is arranged in the aeration cylinder; the raw materials district be separated into experiment water storage area and pollutant storage area by the splint, experiment water storage area and pollutant storage area communicate with the aeration section of thick bamboo through the pipeline respectively. The experiment water storage area is used for storing experiment water, and the pollutant storage area is used for storing pollutant stock solution, and both carry out the mixing in aeration section of thick bamboo through the pipeline entering aeration section of thick bamboo respectively in, and the oxygenation pipe can provide oxygen for water, guarantees the normal existence of fish.

The experimental water storage area is provided with a transverse activated carbon plate, and a water inlet pipe is arranged below the activated carbon plate. The activated carbon plate can filter the water entering the water inlet pipe, and the water quality is improved.

The top of the raw material area is provided with an overflow plate which inclines along the water flow direction, the diffusion area is positioned above the overflow plate, and the steady flow area is positioned between the diffusion area and the exposure area.

The raw materials district surround by preceding baffle, backplate, box inner wall and overflow plate and form, the both sides of preceding baffle and backplate all are connected with the box lateral wall.

And a turbidity detector and a sweeper are also arranged in the water collecting area and are electrically connected with the control unit. The turbidity detector detects turbidity and feeds the turbidity back to the control unit, and the control unit controls the sweeper to sweep in time.

The water collecting area is connected with a water outlet pipe, the water outlet end of the water outlet pipe is respectively connected with a circulating water pipe and a water discharging pipe, the water outlet end of the circulating water pipe is communicated with the mixing area, and the water discharging end of the water discharging pipe is connected with a tail water processor.

Has the advantages that:

the flow velocity control board is arranged to realize the flow velocity control of each sub-exposure area, so that the influence of pollutants on the toxicological action of fishes under the change of the flow velocity can be conveniently researched;

through the arrangement of the raw material area, the mixing area, the diffusion area and the stable flow area, the water quality is uniform, and errors caused by concentration differences of exposure matters entering different sub-exposure areas are avoided;

the removal of fish excrement and suspended impurities in water is realized through a turbidity detector and a sweeper arranged in an exposure area, the interference of the turbidity detector and the sweeper on toxicological research is avoided, the blockage of a water outlet pipe opening is ensured, and the phenomenon that circulating water contains too much fish excrement and suspended impurities in water is avoided;

the water inlet pipe of the raw material area can be provided with an automatic valve and is controlled by the control unit, manual water exchange and pollutant injection are not needed, and the labor intensity is reduced; easy operation and control, water saving and environmental protection.

In addition, the invention can also be used for researching the toxicological effects of pollutants on different fishes and other related researches, and has various purposes.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a top view of the device for investigating the toxicological effects of contaminants on fish according to the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along the line A-A of the apparatus for investigating the toxicological effects of contaminants in fish shown in FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the feed zone configuration;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the internal structure of the feed zone;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the structure of the flow rate control plate;

fig. 6 is a schematic view of a sub-exposure region structure.

Detailed Description

The invention will be further elucidated with reference to the following specific examples.

Referring to fig. 1 and 2, the device for researching toxicity of pollutants on fish in this embodiment includes a box body and a control unit 37, wherein a raw material region, a mixing region 1, a diffusion region 4, a steady flow region 5, an exposure region 6 and a water collection region 7 are arranged in the box body along a water flow direction.

With reference to fig. 3 and 4, the raw material area is used for storing experimental water and pollutants, the raw material area is formed by surrounding a front baffle 10, a rear baffle 11, a box inner wall and an overflow plate 12, the front baffle 10 and the rear baffle 11 are vertically fixed in the box, two sides of the front baffle 10 and the rear baffle 11 are fixed with corresponding side walls of the box, and the overflow plate 12 at the top seals a space surrounded by the front baffle 10, the rear baffle 11 and the box inner wall. Preceding baffle 10 highly is slightly more than backplate 11, and highly all should be less than and set up the operation water level, preceding baffle 10, be equipped with vertical splint 8 between the backplate 11, splint 8 separates into experiment water save area 2 and pollutant save area 3 with the raw materials district, experiment water save area 2 is used for letting in and stores the running water, pollutant save area 3 is used for letting in and stores pollutant stock solution, both deposit alone, can be according to the requirement that sets up of experiment pollutant concentration, it mixes to get running water and pollutant stock solution according to a certain proportion, when the concentration changes, only need adjust both take the proportion can, need not prepare pollutant solution alone separately, it is more convenient to operate. The clamping plate 8, the front baffle plate 10, the rear baffle plate 11 and the overflow plate 12 are all made of glass and are of an integrated structure. Be equipped with horizontal activated carbon plate 9 in the experimental water storage area 2, the experimental water storage area is equipped with inlet tube 13 in the below of activated carbon plate 9, and this inlet tube 13 is equipped with first valve 14, and the running water gets into from the inlet tube, through activated carbon plate adsorption filtration, improves quality of water, avoids the adverse effect to experimental fish. The contaminant storage area 3 also has a corresponding liquid inlet line (not shown). The first valve 14 can be an automatic valve, and when the automatic valve is adopted, the automatic valve is connected with a control unit, so that the inflow speed and the inflow quantity are intelligently controlled.

Mixing area 1 is in the one end of box, is equipped with glass's aeration section of thick bamboo 19 in the mixing area, is equipped with oxygenation pipe 20 in the aeration section of thick bamboo 19, and oxygenation pipe is used for to aeration section of thick bamboo in input oxygen, improves aquatic dissolved oxygen, provides the guarantee for fish survive. The height of the aeration cylinder 19 is lower than the set operation water level, and the bottom of the aeration cylinder 19 is provided with a gap so that the liquid inside and outside the aeration cylinder 19 flows in an exchange way. Experimental water storage area 2 is connected with aeration section of thick bamboo 19 through first communicating pipe 17, first communicating pipe 17 is equipped with first peristaltic pump 15 for pump into filterable running water in to aeration section of thick bamboo 19, pollutant storage area 3 is connected with aeration section of thick bamboo 19 through second communicating pipe 18, second communicating pipe 18 is equipped with second peristaltic pump 16, be used for to pump into pollutant stock solution in the aeration section of thick bamboo 19, running water and pollutant stock solution are fully mixed in aeration section of thick bamboo, the clearance through aeration section of thick bamboo 19 bottom is discharged and is fully mixed with the outer liquid stream of aeration section of thick bamboo.

The diffusion area 4 is positioned above the overflow plate 12, the top surface of the overflow plate 12 of the diffusion area is provided with two vertical guide plates 38, the two guide plates 38 are in a bell mouth shape along the water flow direction, the overflow plate 12 is obliquely arranged along the water flow direction, the starting end flow area of the diffusion area is small, the water flow convergence is facilitated, the water flow turbulence is intensified, and the further mixing of pollutants is promoted; the flow area is gradually increased in the diffusion area, which is beneficial to gradually decrease the flow speed of the cross section. The flow stabilizing zone 5 is located between the diffusion zone 4 and the exposed zone 6. The contaminated liquid mixed in the mixing zone overflows and diffuses in the diffusion zone 4 and is fully and uniformly mixed, the contaminated liquid gradually tends to laminar flow through the flow stabilizing zone 5, the laminar flow is in a stable water flow state, and the control of the flow rate of subsequent water flow can be more accurate.

The exposed area 6 includes a front water filtering plate 24, a flow rate control plate 22, a partition plate 35, and a driving device 23. The front water filtering plate 24 is vertically arranged in the box body to separate the exposure area from the steady flow area. Two sides of the front water filtering plate 24 are fixed with the inner wall of the box body, the front water filtering plate 24 is provided with water filtering holes, and liquid flow in the stable flow area enters the exposed area through the water filtering holes of the front water filtering plate 24. The velocity of flow control panel 22 is vertical to be located in the box, and velocity of flow control panel 22's both sides are fixed with the box inner wall, will expose the district and separate with the catchment area. The partition plates 35 are two, and both sides of each partition plate 35 are connected to the front water filter plate 24 and the flow rate control plate 22, respectively, and the partition plates divide the exposed area into 3 sub-exposed areas 41 side by side. With reference to fig. 5 and 6, the flow rate control plate 22 is composed of 3 sub-flow rate control plates which are independently controlled and correspond to the corresponding sub-exposure regions, each sub-flow rate control plate includes a fixed plate 21 and a movable plate 39 which can move relative to the fixed plate, the fixed plates of the three sub-flow rate control plates are of an integrated structure, for each sub-flow rate control plate, the three movable plates are arranged along the height direction, and are provided with water permeable holes, and the corresponding positions of the fixed plates are also provided with water permeable holes. The underside of each moving plate 39 is slidably fitted with a slide rail 36, which can be fixed in any feasible manner, for example, by fixing the ends thereof to a bar-shaped support 40 provided in the sub-exposure area, and by connecting one side of each moving plate to a driving device fixed to the bar-shaped support 40, the driving device drives the moving plate to move horizontally along the slide rail 36. Of course, for each sub-flow rate control plate, there may be one moving plate, that is, the three moving plates are an integral structure, and in this case, a driving device needs to be provided for each sub-exposure region. When the driving device drives the movable plate to move, the permeable holes of the movable plate and the fixed plate are staggered, and the flow area is changed, so that the flow velocity of water flow is changed. The driving device is electrically connected with the control unit and used for controlling the operation of the driving device. The driving device can adopt an electric expansion piece (or an electric expansion link). The middle part in each sub-exposure area is provided with a flow rate tester 26, the flow rate tester 26 can be fixed on a bracket outside the box body, the power is switched on, the speed measurement area is positioned at the center of the sub-exposure area, the flow rate tester 26 is electrically connected with the control unit 37, and after the flow rate tester measures the flow rate of water flow in the sub-exposure area, data are fed back to the control unit. The bottom of each sub-exposure area is provided with a bottom water filtering plate 25, the space of each sub-exposure area between the bottom water filtering plate 25 and the bottom of the box body is provided with a turbidity detector 27 and a sweeper 28, the turbidity detector 27 is positioned at the center of the bottom of each sub-exposure area, and the sweeper 28 is positioned at the bottom of each sub-exposure area close to one side of the front filtering plate. Turbidity detector 27 and sweeper 28 all with the control unit 37 electric connection, turbidity detector 27 detects the turbidity and feeds back to the control unit, and the control unit controls the sweeper in good time and cleans. The bottom strainer plate 25 has holes through which fish excreta and suspended impurities in water can enter the space between the bottom strainer plate and the bottom of the tank body.

The water collecting area 7 is arranged at the other end of the box body, water flow in the exposed area enters the water collecting area to be collected, a turbidity detecting instrument 27 and a sweeper 28 are also arranged in the water collecting area, the turbidity detecting instrument 27 is arranged in the middle of the water collecting area, and the sweeper 28 is arranged on one side of the bottom of the water collecting area. The turbidity detecting instrument and the sweeper are electrically connected with the control unit 37. The turbidity detected by the turbidity detector 27 is fed back to the control unit, and the control unit controls the cleaner to clean at the right moment.

The bottom of the water collecting area 7 is connected with a water outlet pipe 29, the pipeline of the water outlet pipe 29 is provided with a valve 30 and a pump 31, the water outlet end of the water outlet pipe 29 is respectively connected with a circulating water pipe 32 and a water outlet pipe 33, the water outlet end of the circulating water pipe 32 is communicated with the mixing area outside the aeration cylinder, and the circulating water pipe 32 is provided with a valve 30. The drain pipe 33 is connected with a tail water processor 34 at the drain end, and the valve 30 is also arranged on the drain pipe 33

The actual using process sequentially comprises the following steps:

raw material storage: tap water enters the tap water storage area 2 through the water inlet pipe 13, the tap water entering the tap water storage area 2 flows upwards under the action of pressure, and after being adsorbed by the activated carbon plate 9 fixed on the tap water storage area 2, the tap water enters the aeration cylinder 19 positioned in the mixing area 1 through the first peristaltic pump 15 with the flow rate controlled, so that fresh water is provided for the whole device. Conditionally, the tap water entering the feed zone is suitably tempered. The prepared pollutant stock solution with the concentration enters an aeration cylinder 19 after the flow rate is controlled by a peristaltic pump 16, and is mixed and diluted with tap water.

Aeration mixing treatment: the tap water and the pollutant stock solution adsorbed by the activated carbon plate are simultaneously added into an aeration tube 19 fixed in the center of the mixing area 1 and are rapidly mixed by physical turbulence. The aeration oxygenation pipe 20 connected with the bottom of the aeration cylinder 19 continuously feeds oxygen into the cylinder, so that not only is the pollutant mixed liquid fully aerated, but also the water body disturbance is promoted to accelerate the mixing. After the mixed liquid of the pollutants is primarily mixed in the aeration cylinder 19, the mixed liquid of the pollutants flows out to the mixing area 1 outside the aeration cylinder 19 from the clearance between the upper end and the lower end of the cylinder to be continuously mixed, and the turbulence is weakened due to the existence of the aeration cylinder 19.

Diffusion and flow stabilization: the polluted liquid overflows and diffuses in the diffusion area 4 and is fully and uniformly mixed, and gradually approaches to laminar flow through the steady flow area 5 (the steady flow area 5 has a longer length to ensure that the mixed liquid is similar to steady laminar flow when entering the exposure area 6).

And (3) exposure treatment: the contaminant mixture enters each sub-exposure zone through pre-filter plate 24. The flow rate meter 26, the drive unit 23, the turbidity meter 27, and the automatic cleaner 28 for each sub-exposure area are turned on. The actual velocity of flow of velocity of flow apparatus 26 survey place son exposes district central authorities (the velocity of flow that velocity of flow apparatus 26 surveyed is real-time average velocity of flow, in order to avoid experimental fish to move about to the interference of velocity of flow survey), and give control unit 37 with real-time velocity of flow data transmission, control unit 37 is according to actual measurement velocity of flow and the velocity of flow of setting for in advance, start drive arrangement 23 and remove along slide rail 36, the movable plate of different depth of water positions about the upper and lower intelligent movement, it crosses the flow area and then adjusts the velocity of flow of this son exposure district to synthesize the adjustment, effectively realize exposing district velocity of flow automated control, the influence of velocity of flow difference to exposing the thing to fish toxicology effect is. The turbidity detector 27 periodically detects the turbidity of the water area below the bottom filter plate 25, and when the detected turbidity is higher than a set value, the automatic cleaner 28 starts to work to absorb suspended particles and sediments below the bottom filter plate 25 until the turbidity meets the set value, so that the interference of fish excrement and suspended impurities in water on toxicological research is effectively avoided.

Water collection treatment: the turbidity detector 27 periodically detects the turbidity of the water area of the water collecting area 7, when the detected turbidity is higher than a set value, the automatic cleaner 28 starts to work to absorb suspended particles and sediments until the turbidity meets the set value, thereby effectively avoiding the interference of fish excrement and suspended impurities in water on toxicological research, ensuring that the opening of the water outlet pipe 29 of the water collecting area 7 is not blocked, and avoiding the circulating water containing too much fish excrement and suspended impurities in water.

Water circulation and tail water treatment: the polluted liquid flows through the diffusion area 4, the flow stabilizing area 5, the exposure area 6 and the water collecting area 7, and is recycled by a water outlet pipe 29 at the bottom of the left side of the water collecting area 7 or enters a tail water processor for treatment. The valves 30 can be adjusted comprehensively according to different conditions, the required water circulation utilization rate is realized, and water conservation is realized. The tail water cannot be directly discharged into the sewer, but is discharged after being treated by the tail water treater 34.

Claims (10)

1. The utility model provides a pollutant is to fish toxicology effect research device, includes the box, its characterized in that, be equipped with raw materials district, mixing zone (1), diffusion zone (4), steady flow district (5), exposure district (6) and catchment district (7) along the rivers direction in the box, wherein, raw materials district be used for deposit experiment water and pollutant, mixing zone is used for receiving and mixing the water and the pollutant in raw materials district, the pollutant solution in mixing zone gets into diffusion zone diffusion mixing and gets into after the steady flow district steady flow again and expose the district, the catchment district is used for collecting the water that exposes the district and flows, wherein the exposure district include:

a front water filtering plate (24) vertically arranged in the box body, wherein the front water filtering plate separates the exposure area from the steady flow area;

a flow rate control plate (22) vertically disposed in the case, the flow rate control plate separating the exposed area from the water collecting area;

the partition plate (35) is vertically arranged in the box body, two sides of the partition plate are respectively connected with the front water filtering plate and the flow rate control plate, and the partition plate divides the exposed area into a plurality of sub-exposed areas which are arranged side by side;

the flow velocity control plate consists of a plurality of sub-flow velocity control plates which are independently controlled and correspond to the corresponding sub-exposure areas, each sub-flow velocity control plate comprises a fixed plate and a movable plate which can move relative to the fixed plate, and the fixed plate and the movable plate are provided with water permeable holes at corresponding positions;

and the driving device (23) is connected with the moving plate and is used for driving the moving plate to move.

2. The apparatus for investigating the toxicological effect of contaminants in fish according to claim 1, further comprising a control unit (37) electrically connected to the drive unit.

3. Device for investigating the toxicological effect of contaminants on fish according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a flow rate meter (26) is provided in each of the sub-exposure zones, the flow rate meters being electrically connected to the control unit.

4. Device for studying the toxicological effects of pollutants on fish according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the bottom of each sub-exposure zone is provided with a bottom draining plate (25); each sub-exposure area is provided with a turbidity detector (27) and a sweeper (28) between the bottom water filtering plate and the bottom of the box body, and the turbidity detector and the sweeper are electrically connected with the control unit.

5. The apparatus for studying the toxicological effect of pollutants on fish according to claim 1, wherein an aeration cylinder (19) is arranged in the mixing zone, and an oxygenation pipe (20) is arranged in the aeration cylinder; the raw material area is divided into an experimental water storage area (2) and a pollutant storage area (3) by a clamping plate, and the experimental water storage area and the pollutant storage area are respectively communicated with the aeration cylinder through pipelines.

6. The device for researching toxicity and action of pollutants on fishes as claimed in claim 5, wherein the experimental water storage area is provided with a transverse activated carbon plate (9), and a water inlet pipe (13) is arranged below the activated carbon plate.

7. The fish toxicology study device for pollutants according to claim 1, wherein the top of the raw material area is provided with an overflow plate (12) which is obliquely arranged along the water flow direction, the diffusion area is positioned above the overflow plate, and the steady flow area is positioned between the diffusion area and the exposure area.

8. The fish toxicology study device for pollutants according to claim 7, wherein the raw material area is formed by a front baffle (10), a rear baffle (11), an inner wall of the tank body and an overflow plate in a surrounding manner, and both sides of the front baffle and the rear baffle are connected with a side wall of the tank body.

9. The fish toxicology study device for pollutants according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a turbidity detector and a sweeper are arranged in the water collecting area, and the turbidity detector and the sweeper are electrically connected with the control unit.

10. The fish toxicology study device for pollutants according to claim 1, wherein the water collecting area is connected with a water outlet pipe (29), the water outlet ends of the water outlet pipes are respectively connected with a circulating water pipe (32) and a water outlet pipe (33), the water outlet end of the circulating water pipe is communicated with the mixing area, and the water outlet end of the water outlet pipe is connected with a tail water processor (34).

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