CN110192538A - A kind of external Penaeus Vannmei circulating water culture system - Google Patents
A kind of external Penaeus Vannmei circulating water culture system Download PDFInfo
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- CN110192538A CN110192538A CN201910645089.XA CN201910645089A CN110192538A CN 110192538 A CN110192538 A CN 110192538A CN 201910645089 A CN201910645089 A CN 201910645089A CN 110192538 A CN110192538 A CN 110192538A
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 252
- 241000927735 Penaeus Species 0.000 title description 8
- 238000005189 flocculation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 153
- 230000016615 flocculation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 153
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 107
- 238000009360 aquaculture Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 63
- 244000144974 aquaculture Species 0.000 claims abstract description 63
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 241000238553 Litopenaeus vannamei Species 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000005273 aeration Methods 0.000 claims description 29
- 241000238557 Decapoda Species 0.000 claims description 25
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000008676 import Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 32
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 abstract description 21
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 21
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 abstract description 9
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 description 22
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 18
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 13
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 description 6
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 6
- 241000251468 Actinopterygii Species 0.000 description 5
- 238000012258 culturing Methods 0.000 description 5
- XKMRRTOUMJRJIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonia nh3 Chemical compound N.N XKMRRTOUMJRJIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000013618 particulate matter Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 4
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000005416 organic matter Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000003643 water by type Substances 0.000 description 3
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IOVCWXUNBOPUCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M Nitrite anion Chemical compound [O-]N=O IOVCWXUNBOPUCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- JVMRPSJZNHXORP-UHFFFAOYSA-N ON=O.ON=O.ON=O.N Chemical compound ON=O.ON=O.ON=O.N JVMRPSJZNHXORP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000706 filtrate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000007667 floating Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000013589 supplement Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 241000195493 Cryptophyta Species 0.000 description 1
- CKUAXEQHGKSLHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N [C].[N] Chemical compound [C].[N] CKUAXEQHGKSLHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000007900 aqueous suspension Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007872 degassing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000029087 digestion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000003608 fece Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 235000021050 feed intake Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- JEGUKCSWCFPDGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N h2o hydrate Chemical compound O.O JEGUKCSWCFPDGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000036039 immunity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011534 incubation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010871 livestock manure Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004060 metabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001471 micro-filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002068 microbial inoculum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002906 microbiologic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000003020 moisturizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009935 nitrosation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007034 nitrosation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- GQPLMRYTRLFLPF-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrous oxide Inorganic materials [O-][N+]#N GQPLMRYTRLFLPF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000006213 oxygenation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010865 sewage Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001954 sterilising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001228 trophic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K63/00—Receptacles for live fish, e.g. aquaria; Terraria
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K63/00—Receptacles for live fish, e.g. aquaria; Terraria
- A01K63/04—Arrangements for treating water specially adapted to receptacles for live fish
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K63/00—Receptacles for live fish, e.g. aquaria; Terraria
- A01K63/04—Arrangements for treating water specially adapted to receptacles for live fish
- A01K63/042—Introducing gases into the water, e.g. aerators, air pumps
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K63/00—Receptacles for live fish, e.g. aquaria; Terraria
- A01K63/04—Arrangements for treating water specially adapted to receptacles for live fish
- A01K63/045—Filters for aquaria
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K63/00—Receptacles for live fish, e.g. aquaria; Terraria
- A01K63/04—Arrangements for treating water specially adapted to receptacles for live fish
- A01K63/047—Liquid pumps for aquaria
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Marine Sciences & Fisheries (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Farming Of Fish And Shellfish (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to technical field of aquaculture more particularly to a kind of recirculated water culture of Penaeus vannamei systems based on biological flocculation water treatment technology.Including culture zone and external treatment region, culture zone includes aquaculture pond and mixed pond, and external treatment region includes biological flocculation pond and physical filtering pond.The recirculated water culture of Penaeus vannamei system based on biological flocculation water treatment technology that the present invention provides a kind of, biological flocculation water treatment procedure is independently arranged independently of breeding water body, biological flocculation water treatment technology is combined in technology and facilities engineering with recirculated water method for treating water simultaneously, facilitate the daily maintenance management of biological flocculation, whole system has convenient for management, the advantages of energy saving, reduction cultivation risk, raising breeding efficiency.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field of aquaculture more particularly to a kind of recirculated waters based on biological flocculation water treatment technology
Culture of Penaeus vannamei system.
Background technique
Biological flocculation refers to inorganic matter and organic matter in breeding water body based on aerobic microbiological, especially includes thin
Bacterium, phytoplankton, algae, organic debris (residual bait, excrement) and some inorganic matter clasts pass through the reunion of bioflocculation composition
Object.Water body trophic structure is adjusted using biological flocculation technology；Organic carbon is added into water body, adjusts the carbon-nitrogen ratio in water body,
Promote the breeding of heterotrophicy bacteria in water body, recycle microorganism decomposition inorganic nitrogen, by shrimps metabolism and organic matter in breeding water body
The nitrite nitrogen and mineralized nitrogen that corruption generates are bacterium self component, while can be taken the photograph by shrimps by the particulate matter that bacterium flocculation generates
Food finally plays and maintains water stabilization, reduce feed coefficient, improve aquaculture organism immunity, reduce quantity of exchanged water, increase yield
Effect；It can solve the problems, such as some column such as shortage of water resources, environmentally friendly restriction, the feed cost height that current culture fishery faces.
Biological flocculation technology is in implementation process at present, and biological flocculation and prawn culturing are in same water body, the throwing of prawn
It feeds and is carried out in same aquaculture pond with the carbon source of biological flocculation and microbial inoculum addition.When aquaculture pond quantity is more, feed intake work
Measure huge, while biological flocculation is during the cultivation process, and variation water quality is larger, needs to need to take a sample test often in routine maintenance procedure
Water quality, farm is mostly how pool cultivated system at present, and water sample test volume is huge, and in biological flocculation incubation, operation
Improper to be easy to cause water quality deterioration, nitrite nitrogen content and ammonia-nitrogen content accumulate rapidly in water body, easily cause prawn stress, even
It is dead.Water can only be largely changed at this time, biological flocculation needs to cultivate again after changing water, plenty of time and material are consumed once again,
Biological flocculation and prawn culturing are placed in same water body in a word, line service amount is big, cumbersome, and cultivation risk compared with
Greatly.
Circulating water cultivation mode be industrialize aquaculture technology representative, refer to by breeding water body by physical filtering,
A series for the treatment of process such as biofiltration, sterilizing, degassing, oxygenation remove suspended particulate substance object, ammonia nitrogen, nitrous in water body
The organic matters such as nitrogen and inorganic matter realize the aquaculture model of water body purification reuse.Circulating water cultivation realizes that water circulation utilizes, substantially
Water resources consumption is reduced, cultivation Tail water reuse amount is also greatly reduced, the resource for solving nowadays restriction aquaculture development is asked
Topic and environmental issue.But circulating water cultivation mode heavy dependence facilities and equipment investment and daily maintenance management.In fish culture
Cheng Zhong, circulating water cultivation mode obtain widespread adoption, but in the industrialized aquaculture mode of Penaeus Vannmei, recirculated water
Aquaculture model application is then at the early-stage.
The successful implementation of biological flocculation aquaculture model has technical points: realization process needs to consume a large amount of dissolved oxygens, simultaneously
It needs to stir water flow, being suspended in floc sedimentation always among water body cannot sink to the bottom, raw if floc sedimentation sinks to bottom of pond and accumulated amount increases
Object floc sedimentation can be then changed into anaerobic reaction by aerobic reaction, and the organic matter and inorganic matter in floc sedimentation corrupt can accelerate that water body is caused to be disliked
Change, and then realizes procedure failure.So needing largely to be aerated in water body in implementation process, first is to provide for enough oxygen
The aerobic reaction in biological flocculation is supplied, second is that aeration process will stir water flow and be suspended in floc sedimentation in water body.
Also needed in biofilter in traditional circulating water culture system aeration to for bacterium carry out nitrosation and
Digestion provides sufficient oxygen, and wherein bacterium is cultivated among filtrate or filler, forms life in its filtrate or filler surface
Object film realizes function.Functionally there are a large amount of coincidences in biological flocculation and biofilter, and biological flocculation is in culture of Penaeus vannamei mistake
It is directly applied among breeding water body in journey, i.e., with the vegetative activity of prawn in same environment, and in circulating water culture system
Biofilter be then an individual water treatment unit, and cultivation object keep apart.Traditional circulating water culture system because
For cultivate the difference of object itself and caused by difference in breeding technique process, be difficult to be suitable for suitable for fish culture pair
Shrimp aquaculture applies circulating water culture system in the breeding process of Penaeus Vannmei, at the same with biological flocculation aquaculture model
It is combined, biological flocculation pond is substituted into biofilter, it is often more important that so that biological flocculation water treatment procedure is survived with prawn and live
It is dynamic to be environmentally isolated, and be accordingly transformed in other facilities designs, the prawn based on biological flocculation water treatment technology can be established
Circulating water cultivation mode.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to how by biological flocculation independently of breeding water body and with circulating water cultivation system
System combines, and establishes the prawn circulating water cultivation mode based on biological flocculation water treatment technology.
To solve the above problems, the present invention provides a kind of recirculated water South America based on biological flocculation water treatment technology is white right
Biological flocculation water treatment procedure is independently arranged by shrimp aquaculture system independently of breeding water body, while by biological flocculation water process skill
Art is combined in technology and facilities engineering with recirculated water method for treating water, facilitates the daily maintenance management of biological flocculation, whole
The advantages of set system has convenient for management, energy saving, reduction cultivation risk, improves breeding efficiency.
In order to achieve the above objectives, the present invention is realized especially by following technological means, and one kind being based on biological flocculation water process
The recirculated water culture of Penaeus vannamei system of technology, including culture zone and external treatment region；The water outlet of culture zone is by mixing water
Pond is connected with biological flocculation pond, and water inlet end is connected by pipeline or distribution reservoir with the physical filtering pond of circulating water culture system
It connects；Wherein,
Culture zone includes aquaculture pond and mixed pond:
Aquaculture pond is used for cultured prawn, and bottom is equipped with aquaculture pond discharge outlet, and discharge outlet is switched equipped with plug, i.e., in drainpipe
Road is equipped with one 90 degree of elbow, and curved mouth upward, is wherein being inserted into the pvc pipe for being higher than cultivation liquid level vertically, this
When due to hydraulic pressure relationship, the liquid level in pvc pipe being inserted vertically into is consistent with liquid level in aquaculture pond, once extract PVC
Pipe, aquaculture pond starts to drain, then while plugging can stop draining, and can preferably install solenoid valve, electronic or automatically control
Draining behavior；Aquaculture pond discharge outlet is communicated with aquaculture pond drainpipe, and aquaculture pond drainpipe imports culture zone main sewer；Culture zone
Main sewer accesses mixed pond, and breeding water is all discharged into mixed pond；
Mixed pond side is equipped with mixed water replenishment pipe, external water inlet pipe, and external new water is entered mixed by mixed water replenishment pipe
Pond supplements the water that whole system needs；The mixed pond other side is equipped with mixed sink waste, and discharge outlet is equipped with and aquaculture pond
The consistent plug switch of discharge outlet；Mixed sink waste is connected with mixed tank drain pipe and picks out entire cultivating system, can will mix
Whole system is discharged in water in pond；It is equipped with water pump in mixed pond, is connected with one end of water lift pipe, the other end access of water lift pipe
Biological flocculation pond is mentioned the water in mixed pond into biological flocculation pond by water pump water lift；
External treatment region includes biological flocculation pond and physical filtering pond:
Biological flocculation pond is located at a high position with respect to culture zone and mixed pond, and inside culture biological flocculation is used for water process, and water exists
It stops in biological flocculation pond after a certain period of time, by overflow manner, into physical filtering pond；Edge is equipped on the pool wall of biological flocculation pond
Biological flocculation pond overflow pipe, end are accessed mixed pond and can be passed back into via overflow pipe when biological flocculation pool inner water position is excessively high
Mixed pond, prevents water overflow from going out biological flocculation pond；Biological flocculation pond center be biological flocculation pond discharge outlet, under connect biological flocculation pond
Drainpipe, entire biological flocculation pond bottom of pond are convenient for draining when needing to drain at pan bottom shape, four circumferential Central Drainage mouth inclinations,
Drainpipe is equipped with valve, when needing to drain, opens valve；Biological flocculation pond bottom of pond is equipped with biological flocculation pond aeration tube
Net is connected by appendix with roots blower, from being supplied gas from roots blower by appendix to biological flocculation pond aeration pipe network；It is raw
Object floc sedimentation pond aeration pipe network is divided into bye-pass and main line, and drilling is used as solarization air cap on bye-pass, and drilling is aerated towards bottom of pond aperture
Bottom of pond is washed away first when gas escapes in the process, is prevented in bottom of pond aggregate and precipitate object；Biological flocculation pond and physical filtering pond are adjacent
Setting shares side wall and is equipped with biological flocculation pond overflow port, and the water in biological flocculation pond enters physics mistake in the overflow of water body surface layer
Filter tank；
Crawler type Microfilter is placed in physical filtering pond or filter screen carries out physical filtering, and biological flocculation is hanged with other
Floating particles object obstructs other than distribution reservoir；The crawler type Microfilter or filter screen nearly biological flocculation pond end it is low, it is remote biology wadding
Group Chi Duangao is obliquely installed with bottom of pond in 40 ° of angles, for screening out the suspended matter intercepted based on the biological flocculation in water body, warp
Water after crossing crawler type Microfilter or filter screen is limpid water body, by biological flocculation pond biofiltration and with physics mistake
Reuse standard is had reached after the physical filtering in filter tank, the ammonia nitrogen, nitrite, suspended particulate in water body are all reduced to reuse mark
Standard is discharged into cultivating system in physical filtering pond and is recycled；The shared side wall and crawler type micro-filtration in physical filtering pond
It is equipped with physical filtering pond discharge outlet between machine or the low side of filter screen, is connected with physical filtering pond drainpipe, is used for physics mistake
Physics filtering ponds are discharged in filter tank draining, the water body that physical filtering pond front end can be mingled with to a large amount of biological flocculations at regular time and quantity,
Make the unlikely excessive blocking physics filter device of the floc sedimentation amount in physical filtering pond；Physical filtering pond bottom of pond is equipped with physical filtering pond
It is aerated pipe network, is connected by appendix with roots blower, is sent from roots blower by appendix to physical filtering pond aeration pipe network
Gas；Physical filtering pond aeration pipe network is divided into bye-pass and main line, and drilling is used as solarization air cap on bye-pass, and drill aperture upward,
Main function is to wash away the suspended matter intercepted on crawler type Microfilter or filter screen, prevents excessive suspended particle clogging filter screen
Net, after crawler type Microfilter or filter screen, the suspension content in water body declines to a great extent water, bottom of pond deposit also with
Be greatly decreased, without continue aeration wash away bottom of pond, only need to be aerated upwards, wash away crawler type Microfilter or filter screen；
Physical filtering pond bottom of pond below crawler type Microfilter or filter screen offers physical filtering pond water outlet, by culture zone into
Supply mains is connected with aquaculture pond water inlet pipe, each by by aquaculture pond water inlet pipe being incorporated moisture by the water of physical filtering filtering
Aquaculture pond realizes that entering culture zone by the water of physical filtering recycles；
Entire cultivating system water circulates direction are as follows: and aquaculture pond → mixed pond → biological flocculation pond → physical filtering pond →
Aquaculture pond.
Further, aquaculture pond drainpipe is made of PVC material, and culture zone main sewer is made of PE material.PE is compared with PVC
It is more durable, but connection is installed and is more taken a lot of work, therefore PE is only used on total pipeline.
Further, the minimum point that sink waste is mixed pond is mixed, mixed basin bottom is tilted to mixed sink waste, just
In draining；Mixed tank drain pipe is made of PE material.
Further, biological flocculation pond overflow pipe and biological flocculation pond drainpipe are made of PE material.
Further, aeration pipe network in biological flocculation pond is made of PE material, and main line is managed using the PE of 50mm diameter, branch pipe
Road is managed using the PE of 20mm diameter, and the hole of drill straight diameter 2mm is as solarization air cap on bye-pass.
Further, physical filtering pond drainpipe is made of PE material.
Further, external treatment region further includes distribution reservoir, and distribution reservoir is connected with another side wall in physical filtering pond, the side
Wall is equipped with overflow port；Distribution reservoir bottom end is physical filtering pond water outlet, is connected with culture zone water inlet manifold.Distribution reservoir is located at water
Treatment region rearmost end can isolate a small-sized pond in end of the water treating pond where filter screen into and do distribution reservoir,
It can be separated with partition or blank wall between distribution reservoir and filter screen, overflow port be opened in partition or blank wall top, by filter screen
Water overflow after net filtration enters distribution reservoir, and the mouth of a river is outputed in distribution reservoir bottom end again, and the water in high-order distribution reservoir passes through company
Adapter tube road (culture zone water inlet main line) flows into culture zone.
Above-mentioned culture zone, biological flocculation pond, physical filtering pond put in order at the water of conventional recycle water cultivating system
It is different to manage process sequence, water process logical order is also different, and some processes means are similar, but processing target is identical, that is, realizes and support
Grow the reuse with water.
Wherein, for prawn culturing relative to fish culture, feeding volume is huge, and the residual bait manure content in breeding water body is higher,
Suspended things content is higher in water body, and water body is more muddy, and such water quality is used directly for the generation and maintenance of biological flocculation, but
It can not then be applied according to the circulating water treatment process for breeding fish be applicable in:
Firstly, physical filtering link is the first link of the circular water treating system that tradition is breeded fish, it is raw during supporting shrimp
The maintenance of object floc sedimentation needs suspended matter to exist, therefore in prawn circulating water culture system, the physical filtering technique of the first link is gone
It removes, the cultivation water containing a large amount of suspended matters directly enters biological flocculation pond via mixed pond；It suspends in shrimp cultured waters containing a large amount of
Object, directly carry out physical filtering easily cause physical filtering device block, influence whole system operation, therefore shrimp cultured waters without
Physical filtering is directly entered biological flocculation pond；
Secondly, culture zone may exist multiple small-sized aquaculture ponds, or independent one large-scale aquaculture pond, aquaculture pond are
Bottom draining, water flow into mixed pond via pipeline under the effect of gravity；Mixed pond is lower compared to culture zone, mixes and installs water in pond
Pump, is promoted to biological flocculation pond for the water in mixed pond；Biological flocculation pond can be equipped with a new water water supply line, it is convenient directly to
Interior moisturizing；
Furthermore sewage draining exit is arranged in bottom of pond center in mixed pond, and bottom of pond is to intermediate, inclined, is in pan bottom shape, this is designed for
Mixed tank drain blowdown, a mixing pit pool wall high position are arranged overflow port or are directly added into an overflow pipe, overflow port or overflow pipe
Road connects mixing pit bottom blow-down pipeline, this is designed to mixed pond can prevent water from overflowing water overflow when crossing high water level
Pond is mixed out flows into production site；Water in mixed pond is pumped into biological flocculation pond by water pump, and biological flocculation pond is relative to mixed water
Pond and culture zone are in a high position；
Meanwhile biological flocculation bottom of pond portion installs aerated conduit, is continuously water body aeration, guarantees that water body rolls up and down, makes to give birth to
Sustainable be suspended among water body of object floc sedimentation does not sink to bottom of pond accumulation, is supplied using roots blower, steam line and aerated conduit
Using PVC material pipeline, the PVC aerated conduit that bottom of pond is laid with, drilling escapes gas on pipeline, opening direction towards bottom of pond,
I.e. in duct bottom, it is therefore intended that escaping gas in pipeline is made to fling brush bottom of pond, it would be possible to accumulate in pipeline and bottom of pond it
Between and bottom of pond portion floc sedimentation and particulate matter rushed enter water body；Biological flocculation bottom of pond portion sets discharge outlet, drains for blowdown, pond
Wall upper top sets overflow port, for excessive water to be drawn biological flocculation pond, prevents hypervolia from overflowing biological flocculation pond, overflow
Pipeline accesses mixed pond；
In addition, physics filtering ponds are arranged behind biological flocculation pond, there are drop, biologies between physical filtering pond and biological flocculation pond
Floc sedimentation pond is higher, overflow port is arranged in biological flocculation pond tail portion, water body enters physical filtering pond from the overflow of biological flocculation pond；Physics
(the two selects one, and wherein crawler type Microfilter can be with automatic backflushing for the tilted installation crawler type Microfilter of filtering ponds or filter screen
Wash, filter screen needs periodically to withdraw from artificial recoil cleaning), biological flocculation is isolated in physical filtering pond inlet end, is filtered
Clear water afterwards flows into water outlet end；Physical filtering bottom of pond portion is equally laid with aerated conduit, especially declines in tilted-putted crawler belt
More dense laying aeration tube under filter or filter screen, bore position is located at PVC pipeline on aerated conduit in physical filtering pond
Upside, gas directly escape into water body, no longer recoil bottom of pond；If the physical filtering device of installation is filter screen, aeration
Pipeline emergent gas floats by that can play the role of recoil to filter screen when filter screen, the suspension that will be obstructed on filter screen
Particulate matter and floc sedimentation wash from sieve, and protection screen cloth will not be blocked because excessive suspended particulate substance and floc sedimentation is obstructed；Physical filtering
Front end area where the water inlet of pond, i.e. physical filtering device front, bottom of pond open up discharge outlet, and drainage pipeline accesses mixed pond, makees
Physics filtering ponds are discharged at regular time and quantity with the water body for being can be mingled with physical filtering pond front end a large amount of biological flocculations, make object
Manage the unlikely excessive blocking physics filter device of floc sedimentation amount in filtering ponds；
Finally, the rear end in physics filter tank, i.e. approximately after filter device, bottom of pond sets out the mouth of a river, outlet conduit access cultivation
Area, will after physical unit filters clear water input culture zone carry out using.
The present invention provides the biological flocculation prawn circulating water culture system of external always, by biological flocculation water treatment procedure
Except breeding water body, breeding process is isolated with water treatment procedure, while the insertion of biological flocculation method for treating water being followed
Ring method for treating water constructs a kind of circulating water culture system suitable for prawn culturing, reduces system cost, simplifies daily maintenance
Management improves breeding efficiency, gives full play to the technical advantage of biological flocculation cultivation and circulating water cultivation in prawn production.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are:
(1) biological flocculation and prawn culturing water body are separated independent operating, and and circular water treating system by the present invention
Combine, make biological flocculation pond substitution conventional recycle water cultivating system in biofilter, and will be added biological flocculation pond after
Entire circulation is structurally and functionally being adjusted, after physical filtering is placed in biological flocculation pond, with traditional biological
The Penaeus Vannmei inflow and outflow of water cultivating system of floc sedimentation is compared, and management is convenient for routine maintenance, and whole system has convenient for management, section
The advantages of about energy, reduction cultivation risk, raising breeding efficiency.
(2) biological flocculation bottom of pond portion installs aerated conduit, is continuously bottom of pond aeration, guarantees that water body rolls up and down, makes biology
Sustainable be suspended among water body of floc sedimentation does not sink to bottom of pond accumulation, and escaping gas in pipeline is made to fling brush bottom of pond, it would be possible to
It accumulates between pipeline and bottom of pond and the floc sedimentation of bottom of pond portion and particulate matter has rushed and entered water body, while enough oxygen supplies being provided
Aerobic reaction in biological flocculation.
(3) the tilted setting filter mechanism in physics filter tank, front and back end are equipped with water outlet, and front end water outlet can be by object
Physics filtering ponds are discharged in the water body that reason filtering ponds front end is mingled with a large amount of biological flocculations at regular time and quantity, make the wadding in physical filtering pond
Unlikely excessive blocking physics filter device is measured by group, and rear end water outlet is feeding by outlet conduit access i.e. approximately after filter device
Grow area, will after physical unit filters clear water input culture zone carry out using.
(4) bore position is located on the upside of PVC pipeline on aerated conduit in physical filtering pond, and gas directly escapes into water
Body, no longer recoil bottom of pond, aerated conduit emergent gas float by that can play the role of recoil to filter screen when filter screen, will
The suspended particulate substance and floc sedimentation obstructed on filter screen washes from sieve, protection screen cloth will not because of obstruct excessive suspended particulate substance and
Floc sedimentation and block.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is structural schematic diagram of the invention；
Fig. 2 is the external plot structure schematic diagram of embodiment 1；
Fig. 3 is top view of the invention；
Fig. 4 is the external plot structure schematic diagram of embodiment 2；
Wherein, aquaculture pond 1, aquaculture pond discharge outlet 11, aquaculture pond drainpipe 12, mixed pond 2, mixed water replenishment pipe 21, mixed
Sink waste 22, mixed tank drain pipe 23, culture zone main sewer 3, water pump 4, water lift pipe 41, biological flocculation pond 5, biology wadding
Group's pond overflow pipe 51, biological flocculation pond discharge outlet 52, biological flocculation pond drainpipe 53, biological flocculation pond aeration pipe network 54, biology
Floc sedimentation pond overflow port 55, physical filtering pond 6, filter screen 61, physical filtering pond discharge outlet 62, physical filtering pond drainpipe 63,
Physical filtering pond is aerated pipe network 64, physical filtering pond water outlet 65, roots blower 7, culture zone water inlet manifold 8, aquaculture pond water inlet
Pipe 9, distribution reservoir 10.
Specific embodiment
In order to make the object, technical scheme and advantages of the embodiment of the invention clearer, below in conjunction with the embodiment of the present invention
In attached drawing, technical scheme in the embodiment of the invention is clearly and completely described.Obviously, described embodiment is
A part of the embodiment of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.Based on the embodiments of the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art
Every other embodiment obtained without making creative work, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Embodiment 1:
As shown in Figure 1-3, a kind of recirculated water culture of Penaeus vannamei system based on biological flocculation water treatment technology, including
Culture zone and external treatment region；Wherein,
Culture zone includes aquaculture pond 1 and mixed pond 2；Aquaculture pond is used for cultured prawn, and bottom is equipped with aquaculture pond discharge outlet 11,
Discharge outlet is switched equipped with plug, i.e., one 90 degree of elbow is equipped on drainage pipeline, and curved mouth upward, is inserted into one vertically wherein
Root is higher than the pvc pipe of cultivation liquid level, the liquid level in pvc pipe being inserted vertically at this time due to hydraulic pressure relationship and cultivation
Liquid level is consistent in pond, once extracting pvc pipe, aquaculture pond starts to drain, then while plugging can stop draining, preferably can be with
Solenoid valve, electronic or automatic control draining behavior are installed；Aquaculture pond discharge outlet 11 is communicated with aquaculture pond drainpipe 12, aquaculture pond
Drainpipe 12 imports culture zone main sewer 3；Culture zone main sewer 3 accesses mixed pond 2, and breeding water is all discharged into mixed water
Pond；Mixed 2 side of pond is equipped with mixed water replenishment pipe 21, external water inlet pipe, and external new water enters mixed water by mixed water replenishment pipe
Pond supplements the water that whole system needs；Mixed 2 other side of pond is equipped with mixed sink waste 22, and discharge outlet is equipped with and aquaculture pond
The consistent plug switch of discharge outlet, is connected with mixed tank drain pipe 23 and picks out entire cultivating system, can be by the water in mixed pond
Whole system is discharged；It is equipped with water pump 4 in mixed pond 2, is connected with one end of water lift pipe 41, the other end access biology wadding of water lift pipe
Group pond 5, is mentioned the water in mixed pond into biological flocculation pond by water pump water lift；
External treatment region includes biological flocculation pond 5 and physical filtering pond 6；Along equipped with biology wadding on 5 pool wall of biological flocculation pond
Group's pond overflow pipe 51, end are accessed mixed pond 2 and can be passed back into via overflow pipe mixed when biological flocculation pool inner water position is excessively high
Pond prevents water overflow from going out biological flocculation pond；Biological flocculation pond center be biological flocculation pond discharge outlet 52, under connect biological flocculation pond
Drainpipe 53, entire biological flocculation pond bottom of pond is at pan bottom shape, four circumferential Central Drainage mouth inclinations, when needing to drain, convenient for row
Water, drainpipe 53 is equipped with valve, when needing to drain, opens valve；Biological flocculation pond bottom of pond is equipped with biological flocculation pond
It is aerated pipe network 54, is connected by appendix with roots blower 7, from passing through appendix to biological flocculation pond aeration tube from roots blower
Net is supplied gas；Biological flocculation pond aeration pipe network 54 divides for bye-pass and main line, and drilling is used as solarization air cap on bye-pass, and drilling is towards pond
Bottom aperture is washed away bottom of pond when gas evolution in aeration process first, is prevented in bottom of pond aggregate and precipitate object；Biological flocculation pond 5 and object
Reason filtering ponds 6 are disposed adjacent, and are shared side wall and are equipped with biological flocculation pond overflow port 55, the water in biological flocculation pond is on water body surface layer
Overflow enters physical filtering pond；Filter screen 61 built in physical filtering pond 6, the 61 nearly biological flocculation pond end of filter screen is low,
Remote biological flocculation Chi Duangao is obliquely installed with bottom of pond in 40 ° of angles, for screen out intercept it is outstanding based on the biological flocculation in water body
Floating object, water after filter screen are limpid water body, by biological flocculation pond biofiltration and with physical filtering pond
Reuse standard is had reached after physical filtering, ammonia nitrogen, nitrite, the suspended particulate in water body are all reduced to reuse standard,
Physical filtering pond is discharged into cultivating system and is recycled；The shared side wall in physical filtering pond 6 is low with filter screen 61
It is equipped with physical filtering pond discharge outlet 62 between end, is connected with physical filtering pond drainpipe 63, it, can be with for the draining of physical filtering pond
Physics filtering ponds are discharged in the water body that physical filtering pond front end is mingled with a large amount of biological flocculations at regular time and quantity, are made in physical filtering pond
The unlikely excessive blocking physics filter device of floc sedimentation amount；Physical filtering pond bottom of pond is equipped with physical filtering pond aeration pipe network 64, leads to
It crosses appendix to be connected with roots blower 7, be supplied gas from roots blower by appendix to physical filtering pond aeration pipe network；Physical filtering
Pond aeration pipe network 64 divides for bye-pass and main line, and drilling is used as solarization air cap on bye-pass, and drill aperture upward, acts predominantly on
In washing away the suspended matter intercepted on filter screen, excessive suspended particle clogging filter screen is prevented, water is after filter screen, water
Suspension content in body declines to a great extent, and bottom of pond deposit is also greatly decreased therewith, without continue aeration wash away bottom of pond, only need to
Upper aeration, washes away filter screen；Physical filtering pond bottom of pond below filter screen offers physical filtering pond water outlet 65,
It is connected by culture zone water inlet manifold 8 with aquaculture pond water inlet pipe 9, aquaculture pond water inlet pipe will be passed through by the water of physical filtering filtering
Moisture is incorporated each aquaculture pond, realizes that entering culture zone by the water of physical filtering filtering recycles；
Entire cultivating system water circulates direction are as follows: and aquaculture pond → mixed pond → biological flocculation pond → physical filtering pond →
Aquaculture pond.
Aquaculture pond drainpipe 12 is made of PVC material, and culture zone main sewer 4 is made of PE material.
Mixed sink waste 22 is the minimum point in mixed pond, and mixed basin bottom is tilted to mixed sink waste, convenient for draining；
Mixed tank drain pipe 23 is made of PE material.
Biological flocculation pond overflow pipe and biological flocculation pond drainpipe are made of PE material.
Biological flocculation pond aeration pipe network is made of PE material, and main line is managed using the PE of 50mm diameter, and bye-pass uses
The PE of 20mm diameter is managed, and the hole of drill straight diameter 2mm is as solarization air cap on bye-pass.
Physical filtering pond drainpipe 63 is made of PE material.
Embodiment 2:
As shown in figure 4, external treatment region further includes distribution reservoir 10, distribution reservoir is connected with another side wall in physical filtering pond 6,
The side wall is equipped with overflow port；Distribution reservoir bottom end is physical filtering pond water outlet 65, is connected with culture zone water inlet manifold 8.Water distribution
Pond is located at water treatment zone rearmost end, can isolate a small-sized pond in end of the water treating pond where filter screen into and do
Distribution reservoir can be separated between distribution reservoir and filter screen with partition or blank wall, open overflow port in partition or blank wall top, be passed through
The filtered water overflow of filter screen enters distribution reservoir, and the mouth of a river is outputed in distribution reservoir bottom end again, the water in high-order distribution reservoir
Culture zone is flowed by connecting pipe (culture zone water inlet main line).
The present invention provides a kind of Penaeus Vannmei circulating water culture system of external biological flocculation, by biological flocculation with it is right
Shrimp aquaculture water body separates independent operating, and combines with circular water treating system, and biological flocculation pond is made to substitute conventional recycle
Biofilter in water cultivating system, and the entire circulation behind addition biological flocculation pond is structurally and functionally being carried out
Adjustment, after physical filtering is placed in biological flocculation pond, the Penaeus Vannmei of external biological flocculation provided by the invention is recycled
Management is convenient for routine maintenance compared with the Penaeus Vannmei inflow and outflow of water cultivating system of traditional biological floc sedimentation in water cultivating system, whole
The advantages of set system has convenient for management, energy saving, reduction cultivation risk, improves breeding efficiency.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of recirculated water culture of Penaeus vannamei system based on biological flocculation water treatment technology, it is characterised in that: including supporting
Grow area and external treatment region；Wherein,
Culture zone includes aquaculture pond and mixed pond；Aquaculture pond is used for cultured prawn, and bottom is equipped with aquaculture pond discharge outlet, aquaculture pond row
The mouth of a river is communicated with aquaculture pond drainpipe, and aquaculture pond drainpipe imports culture zone main sewer；Culture zone main sewer accesses mixed water
Pond；Mixed pond side is equipped with mixed water replenishment pipe, external water inlet pipe；The mixed pond other side is equipped with mixed sink waste, with mixed water
Pond drainpipe is connected and picks out entire cultivating system；Be equipped with water pump in mixed pond, be connected with one end of water lift pipe, water lift pipe it is another
Biological flocculation pond is accessed in one end；
External treatment region includes biological flocculation pond and physical filtering pond；Along equipped with the overflow of biological flocculation pond on the pool wall of biological flocculation pond
Mixed pond is accessed in pipe, end；Biological flocculation pond center be biological flocculation pond discharge outlet, under connect biological flocculation pond drainpipe, arrange
Water pipe is equipped with valve；Biological flocculation pond bottom of pond is equipped with biological flocculation pond aeration pipe network, passes through appendix and roots blower phase
Even, from being supplied gas from roots blower by appendix to biological flocculation pond aeration pipe network；Biological flocculation pond aeration pipe network is divided into branch pipe
Road and main line, drilling is used as solarization air cap on bye-pass, and drilling is towards bottom of pond aperture；Biological flocculation pond and physical filtering pond is adjacent sets
It sets, shares side wall and be equipped with biological flocculation pond overflow port；Crawler type Microfilter or filter screen built in physical filtering pond, the shoe
Belt Microfilter or filter screen nearly biological flocculation pond end is low, remote biological flocculation Chi Duangao, sets with bottom of pond in 40 ° of angles inclinations
It sets；Physical filtering pond is equipped between the shared side wall and crawler type Microfilter or the low side of filter screen in physical filtering pond to drain
Mouthful, it is connected with physical filtering pond drainpipe；Physical filtering pond bottom of pond be equipped with physical filtering pond aeration pipe network, by appendix with
Roots blower is connected, and is supplied gas from roots blower by appendix to physical filtering pond aeration pipe network；Physical filtering pond is aerated pipe network
It is divided into bye-pass and main line, drilling is used as solarization air cap on bye-pass, and drill aperture upward, crawler type Microfilter or filter screen
The physical filtering pond bottom of pond of lower section offers physical filtering pond water outlet, passes through culture zone water inlet manifold and aquaculture pond water inlet pipe phase
Even, moisture is incorporated each aquaculture pond by aquaculture pond water inlet pipe by the water by physical filtering filtering, realizes and passes through physics mistake
The water of filtration filter enters culture zone and recycles；
Entire cultivating system water circulates direction are as follows: aquaculture pond → mixed pond → biological flocculation pond → physical filtering pond → cultivation
Pond.
2. the recirculated water culture of Penaeus vannamei system based on biological flocculation water treatment technology as described in claim 1, special
Sign is: aquaculture pond drainpipe is made of PVC material, and culture zone main sewer is made of PE material.
3. the recirculated water culture of Penaeus vannamei system based on biological flocculation water treatment technology as described in claim 1, special
Sign is: mixed sink waste is the minimum point in mixed pond, and mixed basin bottom is tilted to mixed sink waste；Mixed tank drain pipe
It is made of PE material.
4. the recirculated water culture of Penaeus vannamei system based on biological flocculation water treatment technology as described in claim 1, special
Sign is: biological flocculation pond overflow pipe and biological flocculation pond drainpipe are made of PE material.
5. the recirculated water culture of Penaeus vannamei system based on biological flocculation water treatment technology as described in claim 1, special
Sign is: biological flocculation pond aeration pipe network is made of PE material, and main line is managed using the PE of 50mm diameter, and bye-pass uses 20mm
The PE of diameter is managed, and the hole of drill straight diameter 2mm is as solarization air cap on bye-pass.
6. the recirculated water culture of Penaeus vannamei system based on biological flocculation water treatment technology as described in claim 1, special
Sign is: physical filtering pond drainpipe is made of PE material.
7. the recirculated water culture of Penaeus vannamei system based on biological flocculation water treatment technology as described in claim 1, special
Sign is: external treatment region further includes distribution reservoir, and distribution reservoir is connected with another side wall in physical filtering pond, which, which is equipped with, overflows
Head piece；Distribution reservoir bottom end is physical filtering pond water outlet, is connected with culture zone water inlet manifold.
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| CN110679532A (en) * | 2019-11-17 | 2020-01-14 | 东营市阔海水产科技有限公司 | Monomer surge formula recirculating aquaculture pond of being furnished with three-dimensional water treatment system |
| CN111056656A (en) * | 2019-12-26 | 2020-04-24 | 云南丽甬技术研究有限公司 | Device for treating and recycling water in spirulina culture and using method |
| CN111657217A (en) * | 2020-05-29 | 2020-09-15 | 武汉康立斯科技发展有限公司 | A rivers control module for automizing integrated recirculating aquaculture |
| CN112314519A (en) * | 2020-11-04 | 2021-02-05 | 海南师范大学 | Ecological compound feeding device of tortoise larva |
| CN112772532A (en) * | 2021-02-08 | 2021-05-11 | 中国水产科学研究院黄海水产研究所 | Container heat-preservation circulating water culture method for litopenaeus vannamei |
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| CN113331116A (en) * | 2021-06-11 | 2021-09-03 | 湖州师范学院 | Biological flocculation fish-vegetable symbiotic system |
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