CN110073803B

CN110073803B - Multifunctional weeding rotary cultivator for orchard

Info

Publication number: CN110073803B
Application number: CN201910489274.4A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 贾如安; 沈晓燕; 李爽; 梁四勋; 雷爱民; 赵天伟; 张建功
Original assignee: Henan Zhongnong Huasheng Agricultural Technology Co ltd
Current assignee: Henan Zhongnong Huasheng Agricultural Technology Co ltd
Priority date: 2019-06-06
Filing date: 2019-06-06
Publication date: 2021-01-01
Anticipated expiration: 2039-06-06
Also published as: CN110073803A

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of agricultural machinery, in particular to an orchard multifunctional weeding rotary cultivator, which comprises a rack, a rotary tillage cutter shaft and a rotary tillage cutter, wherein a soil crushing roller is positioned at the rear side of the rotary tillage cutter shaft, and a double belt pulley at one end of the rotary tillage cutter shaft is connected with an output belt pulley of a driving motor; the weeding mechanism comprises a steering gear and a swinging arm, the steering gear is arranged on the rack and is in transmission connection with the double belt pulleys, the swinging arm is arranged on the outer side of the rack, a supporting sleeve is vertically and fixedly arranged at the tail end of the swinging arm, and the middle part of the swinging arm is elastically connected with the rack through a return tension spring; the rotary cultivator is characterized in that a transmission shaft is movably sleeved in the supporting sleeve, a cutter head and a cutting blade are installed below the transmission shaft, a transmission belt wheel connected with a steering gear in a transmission mode is sleeved above the transmission shaft, an avoiding guard ring is sleeved above the cutter head outside the supporting sleeve, the diameter of the avoiding guard ring is larger than that of the maximum operation area of rotary cutting of the cutting blade, and weeds around fruit trees on two sides can be removed while rotary tillage is conducted.

Description

Multifunctional weeding rotary cultivator for orchard

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural mechanical equipment, in particular to a multifunctional weeding rotary cultivator for an orchard.

Background

At present, in orchard and garden planting, garden plants are planted in rows, and operations such as later-period interplanting, mechanical automatic rotary tillage weeding and the like are facilitated. Agricultural machinery such as rotary cultivators and weeders can pass through the open space between two adjacent longitudinal rows of plants, but cannot meet the operation requirements of orchards with different row spacing and plant spacing, and is difficult to eliminate weeds around fruit trees. In the same longitudinal row, the weeding cutter or the rotary tillage cutter cannot cover the plants, so that the area between two adjacent trees in each longitudinal row becomes an operation blind area, and weeds can grow in the blind area. Meanwhile, in the growing process of trees, the tree spacing is not uniform due to the fact that some trees grow fast, some trees grow slowly and the thicknesses of the trees are different, and therefore the automatic weeding of the area through automatic weeding equipment is difficult; in addition, the weeding equipment has larger volume and smaller tree spacing, and the equipment cannot freely pass through the tree spacing, so the trees are easily damaged by mistake in the walking process of the equipment, the automatic weeding operation difficulty coefficient of the equipment is high, and at present, although a few of the existing weeding machines can carry out the operation between fruit trees, the adaptability and the automation degree are lower.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the defects and problems in the prior art, the invention provides a multifunctional weeding rotary cultivator for an orchard, which can synchronously remove weeds around fruit trees on two sides of a rotary cultivation area when the rotary cultivation is carried out on the area between two longitudinal rows of fruit trees, and can automatically avoid front plants while a cutting mechanism continuously advances along with a rotary cultivation mechanism, so that the trees are prevented from being damaged by a cutter, and the weeding operation between the fruit trees is efficiently completed. Meanwhile, the reverse direction of the avoiding guard ring also plays a role in protecting the cutter, prevents hard branches from directly hitting the cutter edge, increases the motion stability of the cutter and reduces the grass winding rate of the cutter.

The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows: a multifunctional weeding rotary cultivator for an orchard comprises a rack, a rotary tillage mechanism and a weeding mechanism, wherein the rotary tillage mechanism and the weeding mechanism are arranged on the rack; the rotary tillage mechanism comprises a driving motor, a rotary tillage cutter shaft and a soil crushing roller, wherein the rotary tillage cutter shaft and the soil crushing roller are arranged on the inner side of the stand; the rotary tillage cutter shaft is provided with a rotary tillage cutter, a mudguard is arranged above the rotary tillage cutter, and the soil crushing roller is positioned at the rear side of the rotary tillage cutter shaft and is parallel to the rotary tillage cutter shaft; the weeding mechanism comprises a steering gear and a swinging arm, the steering gear is fixedly arranged on the rack and is in transmission connection with the double belt pulleys, the swinging arm is rotatably arranged on the outer side of the rack, a supporting sleeve is vertically and fixedly arranged at the tail end of the swinging arm, the middle part of the swinging arm is elastically connected with the rack through a return tension spring, and the return tension spring can provide resilience force for returning the swinging arm; a transmission shaft is movably sleeved in the supporting sleeve, a cutter disc is arranged below the transmission shaft, cutter holes are uniformly distributed in the cutter disc along the annular direction, a cutting blade is arranged at each cutter hole, a transmission belt wheel in transmission connection with a steering gear is sleeved above the transmission shaft, and the transmission belt wheel rotates to drive the transmission shaft and the cutter disc to rotate, so that the cutting blades synchronously rotate to perform cutting operation; the supporting sleeve is further sleeved with an avoiding guard ring above the cutter head, and the diameter of the avoiding guard ring is larger than that of the maximum operation area of the cutting blade for rotary cutting.

The multifunctional weeding rotary cultivator for the orchard is characterized in that a fixing seat is horizontally arranged on the outer side of the rack, the steering gear is installed on the fixing seat, a vertical output belt wheel on the side face of the steering gear is in transmission connection with the double belt pulleys, and a horizontal output belt wheel on the upper end of the steering gear is in transmission connection with the transmission belt pulleys.

The multifunctional weeding rotary cultivator for the orchard comprises an upper swing arm and a lower swing arm which are parallel to each other, wherein the lower swing arm is rotatably connected to a fixed shaft at the lower end of a fixed seat, the upper swing arm is rotatably installed on the fixed sleeve at the upper end of a steering gear, and a return tension spring is connected with the middle of the upper swing arm.

The multifunctional weeding rotary cultivator for the orchard is characterized in that an annular cutter head boss is upwards arranged at the inner annular wall of the cutter head in a protruding mode, a limiting hole is formed in the side wall of the cutter head boss, an assembling screw hole is formed in the lower end of the transmission shaft, and an assembling bolt sequentially penetrates through the limiting hole and the assembling screw hole to install the cutter head at the lower end of the transmission shaft.

Foretell multi-functional weeding rotary cultivator in orchard is located the cover and is equipped with buffer spring on the outer wall of dodging the transmission shaft between protective shroud and the blade disc, buffer spring's upper end supports terminal surface under supporting the sleeve, and buffer spring's lower extreme supports the up end at the blade disc boss.

Foretell multi-functional weeding rotary cultivator in orchard the downward protrusion in inner ring wall department of driving pulley is provided with annular band pulley boss, has seted up the regulation hole on the lateral wall of band pulley boss, the upper segment of transmission shaft evenly is provided with a plurality of altitude mixture control screws in not co-altitude department, and altitude mixture control bolt passes regulation hole, altitude mixture control screw in proper order and installs in the transmission shaft upper end.

Foretell multi-functional weeding rotary cultivator in orchard, the tip of the transmission shaft that is located the blade disc below still has seted up horizontal column hole, wear to be equipped with the anti-drop steel wire in the horizontal column hole.

The multifunctional weeding rotary cultivator for the orchard is characterized in that the avoiding protective ring is mounted on the outer wall of the supporting sleeve through a bearing, the avoiding protective ring is further sleeved with an impact protection pad, the impact protection pad is annular and is provided with an inner side opening, the impact protection pad is sleeved from the outer side of the avoiding protective ring, and a fixing ribbon is arranged outside the impact protection pad in a bundling manner.

The invention has the beneficial effects that: the orchard multifunctional weeding rotary cultivator is ingenious in design, the rotary cultivation mechanism and the weeding mechanism work independently, the rotary cultivation mechanism is wide in applicability, detachable, capable of being used independently and independently, high in flexibility, capable of being used simultaneously when weeds grow to be about 40-50 cm or more in the wild, capable of synchronously removing weeds around fruit trees on two sides of a rotary cultivation area when rotary cultivation is conducted on the area between two longitudinal rows of fruit trees, and high in practicability.

On one hand, the rotary tillage machine can carry out normal rotary tillage operation on a tillage area between two longitudinal rows of fruit trees, meanwhile, weeding operation can be carried out on the area around the fruit trees which are difficult to mow, the weeding mechanism vertically extends into a dead zone between plants under the traction of the swing arm to drive the cutter to weed, so that middle rotary tillage and two sides mowing are carried out simultaneously, and weeds around the fruit trees are removed on the premise of not additionally increasing the cost. And weeding mechanism design benefit, when weeding mechanism keeps advancing along with rotary tillage mechanism, when touching the trunk, the outside of dodging the protective shroud can bypass the trunk, reaches the automatic place ahead plant of dodging, avoids the cutter to hinder the tree, makes the cutter furthest clear away the weeds around the plant. Meanwhile, the avoiding guard ring can also prevent the stiff branches from directly hitting the cutting edges, the motion stability of the cutter is increased, the cutter is protected, the grass winding rate of the cutter shaft is reduced, and the working efficiency of weeding operation is effectively improved.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a first structural schematic diagram of the weeding mechanism.

Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram two of the weeding mechanism.

Fig. 4 is an assembly view of the transmission shaft and the transmission pulley.

Fig. 5 is an assembly schematic of the drive shaft, the bypass guard ring and the cutter assembly.

FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of the avoidance guard ring, impact protection pad.

In the figure: 1-frame, 2-boom, 3-drive motor, 4-rotary blade, 5-soil crushing roller, 6-double belt pulley, 7-output pulley, 8-mudguard, 9-diverter, 901-vertical output pulley, 902-horizontal output pulley, 10-fixed seat, 11-support sleeve, 1201-upper swing arm, 1202-lower swing arm, 13-return tension spring, 14-transmission shaft, 15-cutter head, 16-cutting blade, 17-transmission pulley, 18-avoidance guard ring, 19-impact protection pad, 20-fixing belt, 21-cutter head boss, 22-limit hole, 23-assembly bolt, 24-pulley boss, 25-adjustment hole, 26-height adjustment screw hole, 27-height adjustment bolt, 28-horizontal column hole, 29-anti-drop steel wire, 30-buffer spring, 31-fixed shaft.

Detailed Description

The invention is further illustrated with reference to the following figures and examples.

Example 1: a multifunctional weeding rotary cultivator for an orchard is shown in figures 1-6 and comprises a rack 1, a rotary tillage mechanism and a weeding mechanism, wherein the rotary tillage mechanism and the weeding mechanism are arranged on the rack 1, two pairs of suspension arms 2 are mounted at the upper end of the rack 1, the rack is connected with a travelling mechanism (a tractor and the like) at the front end of the rack 1 through the suspension arms 2, and the travelling mechanism is used for dragging the rack to advance. A driving motor 3 is arranged on the frame 1, and an output shaft of the driving motor 3 extends out of the outer side of the frame and is sleeved with an output belt wheel 7; a rotary tillage cutter shaft and a soil crushing roller 5 are transversely installed on the inner side of the rack, wherein the rotary tillage cutter shaft and the soil crushing roller 5 are parallel to each other, one end of the rotary tillage cutter shaft extends out of the outer side of the rack and is sleeved with a double belt pulley 6, and the double belt pulley 6 is connected with an output belt pulley 7 of a driving motor output shaft through a belt in a transmission way to provide rotating power for the rotary tillage cutter shaft. The rotary tillage cutter shaft is uniformly provided with rotary tillage cutters 4, the upper parts of the rotary tillage cutters 4 are provided with mud guards 8, the rotary tillage cutter shaft drives the rotary tillage cutters to rotate at a high speed, so that the rotary tillage cutters 4 extend into the lower part of soil on the ground to turn over soil blocks to carry out rotary tillage operation, and the mud guards 8 can prevent the soil blocks from splashing upwards. The soil crushing roller 5 is positioned at the rear side of the rotary tillage cutter shaft, the volume of the turned-up soil blocks is larger, and after the crushing of the soil crushing roller 5, the larger soil blocks are further crushed and flatly paved on the ground.

The fixing seat 10 is horizontally installed on the outer side of the machine frame 1, the steering gear 9 is installed on the fixing seat, the vertical output belt wheel 901 on the side face of the steering gear is in transmission connection with the double belt wheels 6, and the horizontal output belt wheel 902 on the upper end of the steering gear is in transmission connection with the transmission belt wheel 17 of the weeding mechanism to provide power for the weeding mechanism. The weeding mechanism is installed on the outer side of the machine frame through swing arms, wherein the swing arms comprise an upper swing arm 1201 and a lower swing arm 1202 which are parallel to each other, the lower swing arm 1202 is rotatably connected to a fixed shaft 31 at the lower end of the fixed seat 10, the upper swing arm 1201 is rotatably installed on a fixed sleeve at the upper end of the steering gear 9, and the upper swing arm 1201 and the lower swing arm 1202 can jointly swing around the fixed shaft 31. And a support sleeve 11 is vertically and fixedly mounted at the tail end of the upper swing arm and the lower swing arm, and the support sleeve 11 can swing on a circle which takes the fixed shaft 31 as the center and takes the swing arm as the radius. A bolt is installed in the middle of the upper swing arm 1201, the return tension spring 13 is elastically connected with the middle of the upper swing arm 1201 through the bolt, the other end of the return tension spring 13 is elastically connected with the rack 1, the support sleeve is pulled in front of the support sleeve 11 by the return tension spring 13, when the support sleeve is prevented from swinging backwards, and after the obstacle disappears, the support sleeve 11 can be pulled by the return tension spring 13 to return to the initial position (namely, the position of the swing arm perpendicular to the walking direction).

The movable sleeve is equipped with transmission shaft 14 in support sleeve 11, and the transmission shaft passes through the vertical suit of bearing in support sleeve, and the top cover of transmission shaft 14 is equipped with the driving pulley 17 of being connected with the steering gear transmission, and the blade disc 15 is installed to the below of transmission shaft, and driving motor 3 transmits power for driving pulley 17 through steering gear 9, and driving pulley 17 rotates and then drives transmission shaft 14 and rotate, and then drives the blade disc 15 of transmission shaft 14 lower extreme rotatory. The cutter head is fixedly sleeved at the lower end of the transmission shaft, an annular cutter head boss 21 protrudes upwards from the inner annular wall of the cutter head 15 to be integrally provided, a limiting hole 22 is horizontally formed in the side wall of the cutter head boss 21, an assembly screw hole is horizontally formed in the lower end of the transmission shaft, and an assembly bolt 23 sequentially penetrates through the limiting hole and the assembly screw hole to install the cutter head 15 at the lower end of the transmission shaft 14. The cutter head 15 can rotate along with the transmission shaft, 4-6 cutter holes are uniformly distributed in the position, close to the outer edge, of the cutter head 15 along the annular shape, a cutting blade 16 is mounted at the lower end of each cutter hole through a bolt, the cutter head 15 rotates at a high speed, and meanwhile the cutting blades 16 are driven to rotate synchronously, so that the cutting blades rotate synchronously to perform automatic cutting operation on surrounding weeds.

Because the plant spacing is small, in order to prevent the cutting blade 16 from touching the growing tree in the advancing process, an avoidance guard ring 18 is sleeved outside the supporting sleeve 11 and above the cutter head 15, the avoidance guard ring 18 is mounted on the outer wall of the supporting sleeve 11 through a bearing, the diameter of the avoidance guard ring is only required to be larger than that of the maximum operation area for rotary cutting of the cutting blade, before the cutting blade touches the trunk, the avoidance guard ring can touch the trunk in advance, so that the trunk generates a reaction force on the avoidance guard ring, the avoidance guard ring 18 is mounted on the supporting sleeve 11, the supporting sleeve 11 is connected with the upper swing arm 1201, the other end of the upper swing arm 1201 can swing relative to the frame 1, and when the avoidance guard ring 18 touches the trunk, the avoidance guard ring can be pushed to the lateral rear end of the frame from the original position (the swing arm is perpendicular to the traveling direction) by the trunk (the swing arm forms a certain included angle with the traveling direction) That is, the periphery of the avoidance guard ring 18 rotates around the outer wall of the trunk to displace, and the peripheral diameter of the avoidance guard ring 18 is always larger than that of the cutting blade 16, so that the maximum working area of the cutting blade for rotary cutting always does not contact with the trunk, thereby playing the role of automatic avoidance protection for the trunk.

In order to make cutting blade 16's cutting height realize adjustable, the downward protrusion integral type in driving pulley 17's interior rampart department is equipped with annular band pulley boss 24, regulation hole 25 has been seted up to the lateral wall level on the band pulley boss, the upper segment of transmission shaft evenly is provided with a plurality of height control screw 26 in different height departments, height adjusting bolt 27 passes the regulation hole in proper order, the height control screw is installed in the upper end of transmission shaft 14, through selecting driving pulley 17 that the height control screw 26 department installation of different height departments corresponds, can adjust the lower extreme of transmission shaft apart from the height on ground, can adjust cutting blade's height promptly, make it select to cut the weeds of co-altitude according to actual conditions.

Example 2: the multifunctional weeding rotary tiller for an orchard in the embodiment is mainly explained by taking different points from the embodiment 1 as a center.

In this embodiment, the end of the transmission shaft below the cutter head 15 is further provided with a horizontal column hole 28, an anti-drop steel wire 29 is arranged in the horizontal column hole in a penetrating manner, the lower end of the anti-drop steel wire located at the cutter head can further protect the cutter head 15, and the cutter head is prevented from dropping in the working process and causing accidents.

In this embodiment, the outer wall of the transmission shaft 14 between the avoidance guard ring 18 and the cutter head 15 is sleeved with a buffer spring 30, the upper end of the buffer spring abuts against the lower end face of the support sleeve 11, the lower end of the buffer spring abuts against the upper end face of the cutter head boss 21, the buffer spring 30 can further eliminate the vibration generated by the cutter head 15 during the cutting weeding operation, the motion stability of the cutter is increased, and the cutter is also protected.

In this embodiment, the avoidance guard ring 18 is further sleeved with an impact protection pad 19, the impact protection pad is a rubber pad and is in a ring shape with an opening on the inner side, the impact protection pad 19 is sleeved from the outer side to the inner side of the avoidance guard ring 18, and a fixing tie 20 is tied outside the impact protection pad 19, and the impact protection pad has the function of reducing the impact force of the avoidance guard ring 18 on the trunk and reducing the damage by using the buffering elastic force generated by the deformation of the impact protection pad 19 when the avoidance guard ring collides with the trunk.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a multi-functional weeding rotary cultivator in orchard which characterized in that: the weeding machine comprises a rack, a rotary tillage mechanism and a weeding mechanism, wherein the rotary tillage mechanism and the weeding mechanism are arranged on the rack; the rotary tillage mechanism comprises a driving motor, a rotary tillage cutter shaft and a soil crushing roller, wherein the rotary tillage cutter shaft and the soil crushing roller are arranged on the inner side of the stand; the rotary tillage cutter shaft is provided with a rotary tillage cutter, a mudguard is arranged above the rotary tillage cutter, and the soil crushing roller is positioned at the rear side of the rotary tillage cutter shaft and is parallel to the rotary tillage cutter shaft; the weeding mechanism comprises a steering gear and a swinging arm, a fixed seat is horizontally arranged on the outer side of the machine frame, the steering gear is arranged on the fixed seat, a vertical output belt wheel on the side surface of the steering gear is in transmission connection with the double belt wheels, a horizontal output belt wheel on the upper end of the steering gear is in transmission connection with the transmission belt wheel, the steering gear is fixedly arranged on the frame and is in transmission connection with the double belt pulleys, the swing arm is rotatably arranged on the outer side of the frame, a supporting sleeve is vertically and fixedly arranged at the tail end of the swinging arm, the middle part of the swinging arm is elastically connected with the frame through a return tension spring, the return tension spring can provide resilience force for returning the swing arm, the swing arm comprises an upper swing arm and a lower swing arm which are parallel to each other, the lower swing arm is rotatably connected to a fixed shaft at the lower end of the fixed seat, the upper swing arm is rotatably arranged on a fixing sleeve at the upper end of the steering gear, and the return tension spring is connected with the middle part of the upper swing arm; a transmission shaft is movably sleeved in the supporting sleeve, a cutter disc is arranged below the transmission shaft, cutter holes are uniformly distributed in the cutter disc along the annular direction, a cutting blade is arranged at each cutter hole, a transmission belt wheel in transmission connection with a steering gear is sleeved above the transmission shaft, and the transmission belt wheel rotates to drive the transmission shaft and the cutter disc to rotate, so that the cutting blades synchronously rotate to perform cutting operation; the supporting sleeve is further sleeved with an avoiding guard ring above the cutter head, and the diameter of the avoiding guard ring is larger than that of the maximum operation area of the cutting blade for rotary cutting.

2. The orchard multifunctional weeding rotary cultivator according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the cutter head is characterized in that an annular cutter head boss is arranged at the inner annular wall of the cutter head in an upward protruding mode, a limiting hole is formed in the side wall of the cutter head boss, an assembling screw hole is formed in the lower end of the transmission shaft, and an assembling bolt penetrates through the limiting hole and the assembling screw hole in sequence to install the cutter head at the lower end of the transmission shaft.

3. The orchard multifunctional weeding rotary cultivator according to claim 2 is characterized in that: the outer wall of the transmission shaft between the avoiding guard ring and the cutter head is sleeved with a buffer spring, the upper end of the buffer spring supports against the lower end face of the supporting sleeve, and the lower end of the buffer spring supports against the upper end face of the boss of the cutter head.

4. The orchard multifunctional weeding rotary cultivator according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the inner ring wall of the transmission belt wheel is provided with an annular belt wheel boss in a downward protruding mode, the side wall of the belt wheel boss is provided with a regulating hole, the upper section of the transmission shaft is evenly provided with a plurality of height regulating screw holes in different height positions, and the height regulating bolts sequentially penetrate through the regulating hole and the height regulating screw holes and are installed at the upper end of the transmission shaft.

5. The orchard multifunctional weeding rotary cultivator according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the end part of the transmission shaft positioned below the cutter head is also provided with a horizontal column hole, and an anti-falling steel wire is arranged in the horizontal column hole in a penetrating way.

6. The orchard multifunctional weeding rotary cultivator according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the collision protection ring is installed on the outer wall of the supporting sleeve through a bearing, a collision protection pad is further sleeved on the collision protection ring, the collision protection pad is in a ring shape with an opening at the inner side, the collision protection pad is sleeved from the outer side of the collision protection ring, and a fixing binding belt is arranged outside the collision protection pad in a binding mode.