CN110063306B - Quantifiable silkworm cocoon individual selection method for maintaining inherent characters of silkworm stock seeds - Google Patents
Quantifiable silkworm cocoon individual selection method for maintaining inherent characters of silkworm stock seeds Download PDFInfo
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- CN110063306B CN110063306B CN201910401849.2A CN201910401849A CN110063306B CN 110063306 B CN110063306 B CN 110063306B CN 201910401849 A CN201910401849 A CN 201910401849A CN 110063306 B CN110063306 B CN 110063306B
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; CARE OF BIRDS, FISHES, INSECTS; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K67/00—Rearing or breeding animals, not otherwise provided for; New breeds of animals
- A01K67/033—Rearing or breeding invertebrates; New breeds of invertebrates
- A01K67/04—Silkworms
Abstract
The invention relates to a quantifiable silkworm cocoon individual selection method for maintaining the inherent characters of original stock seeds of silkworms, which comprises the steps of selecting X pieces of female or male individual of excellent silkworm cocoons in a selected and remained moth area, weighing the total cocoon weight and cocoon shell weight of each individual in sequence, and calculating cocoon shell rate; finding out the maximum value A of the total cocoon weight and the cocoon shell weight in each group of data of the total cocoon weight and the cocoon shell weight of the weighed female or male individualMaximum valueAnd a minimum value AMinimum value(ii) a Establishing a formula: a. the1＝AMaximum value×0.618+AMinimum value×0.382；A2＝AMaximum value×0.382+AMinimum valueX 0.618; respectively obtaining the total cocoon weight or cocoon layer weight A1、A2(A1＞A2) (ii) a From each group of weighed total cocoon weight or cocoon layer weight, respectively mark out greater than A2Is less than A1(ii) an individual of (a); the individuals marked with the whole cocoon weight and the cocoon shell weight are selected target individuals, and the purpose of maintaining the inherent properties of the varieties is achieved. The method is simple and feasible, can be quantized, and can maintain the inherent characters of the silkworm varieties.
Description
Technical Field
The invention particularly relates to a quantifiable silkworm cocoon individual selection method for maintaining inherent characters of original stock seeds of silkworms, belonging to the technical field of breeding and breeding of silkworms.
Background
The selection for maintaining the inherent characters of the silkworm varieties is divided into 4 stages: 1. and selecting an egg moth area. In other words, the selection of the inherent properties such as the egg color, the egg amount, the egg shape and the like is performed in a plurality of egg circles laid by different female moths, and belongs to the subjective impression selection. 2. Selecting a moth area in the breeding period. And (3) comparing moth intervals with inherent characteristics such as feeding time, health, dormancy and the like of all the raised moth areas, and selecting a target moth area in the feeding period. 3. Selecting a cocoon stage moth area. Sampling and investigating the total cocoon weight, cocoon shell weight and cocoon shell rate of each feeding area (20 samples of male and female), and selecting a cocoon quality stage target moth area; 4. selecting individual silkworm cocoons. Selecting X pieces of excellent male and female silkworm cocoon individuals with standard cocoon shapes, uniform cocoon shell thickness and consistent cocoon body sizes from the selected and remained moth areas, weighing the total cocoon weight and the cocoon shell weight of each individual, calculating the cocoon shell rate, comparing the total cocoon weight, the cocoon shell weight and the cocoon shell rate of each individual, and finally selecting Y pieces (Y is less than or equal to X50%) of male and female silkworm cocoons which accord with the inherent characteristics of the variety for mating and seed production and subculture.
The purpose of individual selection in the 4 th stage is that the whole cocoon weight and the cocoon shell weight of each individual are different to different degrees, some cocoons are large, and some cocoons are small because the offspring individuals of the same silkworm variety are influenced by external environment or mulberry leaf quality factors even though the same parent and the same parent are bred; some individuals have high total cocoon content but low cocoon shell content; some individual cocoons are thick, but the total cocoon weight is low, etc. However, the total cocoon weight and the cocoon shell weight are not greatly different among individuals (the total cocoon weight is generally between 0 and 0.5g, and the cocoon shell weight is between 0 and 0.2 g), and even after individual weighing, the selection is difficult to be made by comprehensive consideration, and the selection is generally determined by the subjective impression of a breeder or personal preference. If successive generations are selected blindly, without a quantitative criterion, it is possible that individual cocoons become large when small, thin when thick, and poor when fertile, and vice versa. Meanwhile, correlation exists among properties of the silkworms, the selection of the total cocoon weight and the cocoon shell weight is particularly important, the total cocoon weight is selected to be high, the cocoon shell is selected to be thick, the health performance is reduced, and the cocoon silk fineness is thickened; the selection of the whole cocoon quantity is small, the selection of the cocoon layer is thin, the yield is reduced, the silk quantity is reduced, and the like, and finally the character change of the silkworm variety is influenced. How to select the whole cocoon weight and the cocoon shell weight in a plurality of individual selections without influencing the change of related characters is the key for maintaining the inherent characters of silkworm varieties.
The method for selecting individual silkworm cocoons in the prior art defines a selection standard for the whole cocoon weight, cocoon shell weight and cocoon shell rate of selected varieties, eliminates individuals which cannot meet the specified standard, reserves the selected individuals only when all properties meet the specified standard, and has the advantages of simplicity and easiness.
Controlling the total cocoon weight: the total cocoon weight is selected from the individuals within +/-0.1 g of the average total cocoon weight of all individuals.
Improving the cocoon layer amount: the cocoon weight is selected to be above the average cocoon weight of all individuals.
Improving cocoon layer rate: the cocoon layer rate is selected from individuals above the average cocoon layer rate of all individuals.
The first method for selecting individual silkworm cocoons in the prior art mainly has the following defects:
it is necessary to provide a large selection population to obtain a certain number of selection effects.
Secondly, because the selection of the cocoon shell quantity and the cocoon shell rate is increased, the cocoon shell is easy to thicken, the health and the reproductive capacity of the silkworm are reduced, and the species property is changed.
Thirdly, the artificial subjective factors are more, and wrong selection and selection omission are easily caused.
In the second method for selecting individual silkworm cocoons in the prior art, an index selection method is adopted, and a method for scoring or compiling a selection index is adopted to select the individual cocoons with high comprehensive scores or indexes according to the importance and the quality of the whole cocoon weight, the cocoon shell weight and the cocoon shell rate of the variety to be selected, so that the individual cocoons with high comprehensive scores or indexes are reserved. The method can accurately evaluate the breeding value of the selected material, and can retain individuals with a certain character.
The method has the disadvantages that the scoring or selecting index compiling is complex and the use is inconvenient. Secondly, the selection index can be compiled only when each character needs to be expressed really.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the technical problems, the invention provides a quantifiable silkworm cocoon individual selection method for maintaining the inherent characters of original stock breeder silkworm seeds on the basis of researching more links in silkworm breeding, large data processing capacity, correlation among total cocoon quantity, cocoon shell quantity and cocoon shell rate and maintaining the inherent characters of silkworms, and the invention aims to solve the technical problems that:
the method is simple and feasible: the individual selection of silkworm varieties has the characteristics of multiple varieties, large quantity and tight time requirement, and the technical problems of simple operation and time saving need to be solved.
Secondly, quantization: the individual selection is to select a certain number of target individuals in a population, and because the individual size of the silkworm cocoon is positively and negatively correlated with other economic traits, the large individual or the small individual cannot be simply selected, and the target individual must be selected by a quantifiable numerical range.
Maintaining the inherent characteristics of the silkworm variety: the selection of silkworm individuals is not carried out more and more, but is carried out as much as possible, but the original characters of the variety are kept in the selection process, otherwise, the original characteristics and values of the variety are lost.
The specific technical scheme is as follows:
a quantifiable silkworm cocoon individual selection method for maintaining the inherent characters of silkworm stock seeds comprises the following steps:
(1) selecting X grains of female or male individual of excellent silkworm cocoons with standard cocoon shapes, uniform cocoon shells and consistent cocoon body sizes from the selected and remained moth areas, wherein X is more than or equal to 40 and less than or equal to 100, and the specific grain number can be randomly determined according to actual needs; weighing the whole cocoon weight and the cocoon shell weight of each individual in sequence, calculating cocoon shell rate, numbering according to the weighing sequence and recording data;
(2) respectively finding out the total cocoon weight A from each group of data of the weighed total cocoon weight and cocoon shell weight of female or male individualMaximum valueTotal cocoon weight AMinimum valueCocoon layer amount AMaximum valueCocoon layer amount AMinimum value；
(3) Looking at each group of data as a whole "1", using the two data of golden section ratio 0.618 and 0.382, 2 calculation formulas are established:
total cocoon weight A1Total cocoon weight AMaximum valueX 0.618+ total cocoon weight AMinimum value×0.382；
Total cocoon weight A2Total cocoon weight AMaximum valueX 0.382+ total cocoon weight AMinimum value×0.618；
Cocoon layer amount A1Cocoon layer amount AMaximum valueX 0.618+ cocoon shell amount AMinimum value×0.382；
Cocoon layer amount A2Cocoon layer amount AMaximum valueX 0.382+ cocoon weight AMinimum value×0.618；
Calculating to obtain the total cocoon weight A1Total cocoon weight A2Total cocoon weight A1Greater than the total cocoon weight A2Obtaining cocoon layer amount A1Cocoon layer amount A2Cocoon layer amount A1Cocoon layer amount A2；
(4) Respectively marking the total cocoon weight A greater than the total cocoon weight from the weighed total cocoon weight data2Less than the total cocoon weight A1(ii) an individual of (a);
from the data of the weighed cocoon layer amount, respectively, the amount A of cocoon layer greater than cocoon layer amount is marked2Less than cocoon layer amount A1(ii) an individual of (a);
(5) individuals marked with the whole cocoon weight and the cocoon shell weight are selected target individuals, and the individuals with too large and too small silkworm cocoons caused by uncontrollable factors are eliminated, so that the purpose of maintaining the inherent properties of the variety is achieved.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following technical effects:
the method is simple and feasible: the formula is simple to calculate, and calculation and selection can be performed on a computer.
Secondly, quantization: and a quantifiable number range is used for selecting the target individual, so that the influence of human factors is eliminated.
Maintaining the inherent characteristics of the silkworm variety: the method eliminates individuals with two-stage differentiation of the total cocoon weight and the cocoon shell weight, eliminates individuals with over-high total cocoon weight and over-low cocoon shell weight, and individuals with over-low total cocoon weight and over-high cocoon shell weight, maintains the inherent characteristics of the variety, and comprehensively considers the characteristic performance of the total cocoon weight and the cocoon shell weight.
Detailed Description
The specific technical scheme of the invention is described by combining the embodiment.
The following examples are presented to further illustrate the embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
Operating according to the above method, the data obtained are as follows:
description of the drawings: italic data are total cocoon weight AMaximum valueAnd total cocoon weight AMinimum valueUnderlined data are cocoon weight AMaximum valueAmount of cocoon layer AMinimum valueThe thickening data is between the total cocoon weight A1And total cocoon weight A2Amount of cocoon sheets or cocoon shells A1Amount of cocoon layer A2The data selected in between.
In the table above, the selected individuals with the total cocoon weight and cocoon shell weight marked as bold data are: the female cocoons are selected from No. 3, No. 4, No. 5, No. 6, No. 7, No. 8, No. 9, No. 10, No. 12, No. 14, No. 23, No. 24, No. 25, No. 27, No. 29, No. 31, No. 24, No. 36 and No. 40; the selected individuals in the male cocoons have the numbers of 1, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 11, 13, 14, 18, 19, 20, 25, 27, 28, 30, 36 and 37.
Claims (1)
1. A quantifiable silkworm cocoon individual selection method for maintaining the inherent characters of silkworm stock seeds is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) selecting X grains of female or male individuals of excellent silkworm cocoons with standard cocoon shapes, uniform cocoon shell thickness and consistent cocoon body sizes from a selected and remained moth area, wherein X is more than or equal to 40 and less than or equal to 100, weighing the total cocoon volume and the cocoon shell volume of each individual in sequence, and calculating the cocoon shell rate;
(2) respectively finding out the total cocoon weight A from each group of data of the weighed total cocoon weight and cocoon shell weight of female or male individualMaximum valueTotal cocoon weight AMinimum valueCocoon layer amount AMaximum valueCocoon layer amount AMinimum value；
(3) Looking at each group of data as a whole "1", using the two data of golden section ratio 0.618 and 0.382, 2 calculation formulas are established:
total cocoon weight A1Total cocoon weight AMaximum valueX 0.618+ total cocoon weight AMinimum value×0.382；
Total cocoon weight A2Total cocoon weight AMaximum valueX 0.382+ total cocoon weight AMinimum value×0.618；
Cocoon layer amount A1Cocoon layer amount AMaximum valueX 0.618+ cocoon shell amount AMinimum value×0.382；
Cocoon layer amount A2Cocoon layer amount AMaximum valueX 0.382+ cocoon weight AMinimum value×0.618；
Calculating to obtain the total cocoon weight A1Total cocoon weight A2Total cocoon weight A1Greater than the total cocoon weight A2Obtaining cocoon layer amount A1Cocoon layer amount A2Cocoon layer amount A1Cocoon layer amount A2；
(4) Respectively marking the total cocoon weight A greater than the total cocoon weight from the weighed total cocoon weight data2Less than the total cocoon weight A1(ii) an individual of (a);
from the data of the weighed cocoon layer amount, respectively, the amount A of cocoon layer greater than cocoon layer amount is marked2Less than cocoon layer amount A1(ii) an individual of (a);
(5) individuals marked with the whole cocoon weight and the cocoon shell weight are selected target individuals, so that the individuals with too large and too small silkworm cocoons caused by uncontrollable factors are eliminated, and the purpose of maintaining the inherent properties of the variety is achieved;
(6) cocoon layer rate is used as reference data of selected individual group according to individual selection requirements.
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| CN103243121A (en) * | 2013-05-17 | 2013-08-14 | 苏州大学 | Method for improving egg laying amount of original strain of mulberry silkworm |
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| CN103243121A (en) * | 2013-05-17 | 2013-08-14 | 苏州大学 | Method for improving egg laying amount of original strain of mulberry silkworm |
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| CN107751122A (en) * | 2017-12-12 | 2018-03-06 | 四川省农业科学院蚕业研究所 | With the method for silkworm place soil species seed selection trimolter new material |
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