CN110061445A - One kind coaxial transmission-type CO in three tunnels2Laser ablation apparatus - Google Patents
One kind coaxial transmission-type CO in three tunnels2Laser ablation apparatus Download PDFInfo
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- 238000002679 ablation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
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- 238000000608 laser ablation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 37
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- 230000008030 elimination Effects 0.000 abstract 1
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- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B08—CLEANING
- B08B—CLEANING IN GENERAL; PREVENTION OF FOULING IN GENERAL
- B08B7/00—Cleaning by methods not provided for in a single other subclass or a single group in this subclass
- B08B7/0035—Cleaning by methods not provided for in a single other subclass or a single group in this subclass by radiant energy, e.g. UV, laser, light beam or the like
- B08B7/0042—Cleaning by methods not provided for in a single other subclass or a single group in this subclass by radiant energy, e.g. UV, laser, light beam or the like by laser
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B7/00—Mountings, adjusting means, or light-tight connections, for optical elements
- G02B7/02—Mountings, adjusting means, or light-tight connections, for optical elements for lenses
- G02B7/04—Mountings, adjusting means, or light-tight connections, for optical elements for lenses with mechanism for focusing or varying magnification
- G02B7/09—Mountings, adjusting means, or light-tight connections, for optical elements for lenses with mechanism for focusing or varying magnification adapted for automatic focusing or varying magnification
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B7/00—Mountings, adjusting means, or light-tight connections, for optical elements
- G02B7/28—Systems for automatic generation of focusing signals
- G02B7/282—Autofocusing of zoom lenses
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02G—INSTALLATION OF ELECTRIC CABLES OR LINES, OR OF COMBINED OPTICAL AND ELECTRIC CABLES OR LINES
- H02G1/00—Methods or apparatus specially adapted for installing, maintaining, repairing or dismantling electric cables or lines
- H02G1/02—Methods or apparatus specially adapted for installing, maintaining, repairing or dismantling electric cables or lines for overhead lines or cables
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Abstract
To solve, the overlap joint foreign matter reset mode safety of conventional high-tension electric wire is low, maintenance cost is high, elimination efficiency is low and existing CO2Laser ablation easy device be not suitable for remote or foreign matter it is smaller when removing the technical issues of, the present invention provides one kind coaxial transmission-type CO in three tunnels2Laser ablation apparatus.CO is realized using coaxial light splitting microscope group2Laser beam expanding focusing system, visible light camera and three tunnel of laser ranging system are coaxial, CO2Laser beam expanding focusing system is based on off-axis RC microscope group, and non-stop layer blocks, and lightweight and can meet heavy caliber use demand；The optical axis and CO of visible light camera2The optical axis of laser beam expanding focusing system keeps coaxial, it can be ensured that ablation effect is best；The optical axis and CO of range-measurement system2The optical axis of laser beam expanding focusing system keeps coaxial, it can be ensured that when adjusting maximum negative lens in negative lens group, realizes CO2The remote focusing of laser；It can be realized the search, capture and locking of foreign matter target using visible light camera combination Two Dimensional Rotating mechanism.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of optical non-contact CO2A kind of laser ablation apparatus, and in particular to the coaxial transmission-type in three tunnels
CO2Laser ablation apparatus can be used for the removing of high voltage transmission line foreign matter, is particularly suitable for remote high voltage transmission line foreign matter and removes.
Background technique
High pressure and extra-high voltage grid are the important physical conduction nets that remote large-scale electric energy conveying is carried out in electric system
Network.Power transmission electric network uses a plurality of high pressure, super-pressure physics cable, and insulated aerial is between 20m~100m high pylon.Due to
In the natural environment, objective nature or artificial origin usually make the non-metal foreign bodies such as plastics be overlapped on electricity for cable exposure throughout the year
On the electrical network facilities such as cable, pylon, insulator.Insulating properties between high-tension electricity cable is caused to be deteriorated, there are initiation power line short-circuits
The hidden danger of the failures such as tripping is one of the significant threat that current electric system runs well.
Usual high-voltage fence is in Transmission Line Design, and all there are fixed safe spacings between conducting wire and conducting wire.Normally
In the case of, as long as keeping this air gap between conducting wire, overhead transmission line can be safely operated.If existing between electric wire
Nonisulated object, such as kite string, balloon, plastic cloth other than air etc. easily cause short circuit between line and line, so that power transformation
It stands switch trip.Common foreign matter is the non-metal articles such as kite, balloon, once overlapping between high line power grid, transmission line of electricity will
Tripping leads to electric network fault at once.Even if foreign matter insulating properties is higher, in rainy day or big air humidity, electric current is also possible to lead to
Rainwater (or steam) disruptive discharge is crossed, electric network fault is caused.
The main method of traditional removing high-tension bus-bar overlap joint foreign matter has two major classes: first is that after having a power failure in electrician or robot
Line is extractd；Second is that Equipotential live working is extractd.Both methods requires to put into more human and material resources, and operation procedure
Complicated, time length, great work intensity, safety are low.Even if using the unartificial means such as robot, current removing cable foreign matter
Used time is still longer.To the safe operation of power grid, there are certain prestige in the case where network live for the automation equipments such as robot
The side of body and use of robot, maintenance cost are higher, it is difficult to large-scale promotion application.
The principle that laser clears up foreign matter on cable is to emit laser on the ground, and the accurate laser azimuth that controls keeps its radiation different
Object surface, by radiant section due to absorbing laser energy to which temperature increases, final burning falls off foreign matter, reaches cleaning foreign matter
Purpose.Foreign matter on cable is generally nonmetallic materials, CO2Laser can in the case where burning most foreign matters,
Metallic cable is not caused to damage.Existing CO2Laser ablation easy device needs artificial aiming foreign matter, is not suitable for remote
Or foreign matter it is smaller when removing.
Summary of the invention
Based on background above, to solve, the overlap joint foreign matter reset mode safety of conventional high-tension electric wire is low, maintenance cost is high, clear
Except low efficiency and existing CO2The technology of removing when laser ablation easy device is not suitable at a distance or foreign matter is smaller is asked
Topic, the present invention provides one kind coaxial transmission-type CO in three tunnels2Laser ablation apparatus.
The technical solution of the invention is as follows:
One kind coaxial transmission-type CO in three tunnels2Laser ablation apparatus is characterized in that including CO2Laser beam expanding focuses system
System, coaxial light splitting microscope group, visible light camera, range-measurement system, Two Dimensional Rotating mechanism and display and control terminal；CO2Laser beam expanding focuses
System, visible light camera, range-measurement system and coaxial light splitting microscope group are packaged in one, are set in Two Dimensional Rotating mechanism；
CO2Laser beam expanding focusing system includes CO2Laser and CO2Laser beam expanding Focused Optical system；
CO2Laser beam expanding Focused Optical system is Galilean telescope pattern transmission infrared system, including by positive lens groups
And the approximation that negative lens group is constituted is without burnt or approximate afocal system；
Each negative lens group includes the different negative lens of N number of size for setting gradually along optical path, is successively denoted as negative lens ...
Negative lens；In negative lens group: negative lens size is minimum, is set to CO2On the emitting light path of laser；Negative lens size is maximum,
And position is adjustable；
Each positive lens groups include the different positive lens of N number of size for setting gradually along optical path, are successively denoted as positive lens ...
Positive lens；In positive lens groups: positive lens size is minimum, is set on the emitting light path of negative lens；Positive lens size is maximum；
The size of negative lens is less than the size of positive lens, and the size of positive lens is greater than the size of negative lens；
The N is the natural number less than or equal to 3；
Negative lens group and positive lens groups cascade in such a way that negative, positive lens are arranged alternately, i.e., according to negative lens, just thoroughly
Mirror ... negative lens, positive lens setting；Adjacent negative lens and positive lens are one group, constitute Galilean telescope pattern without burnt or close
Like afocal system, X is the positive integer less than or equal to 3；
The coaxial light splitting microscope group is set on the emitting light path of positive lens；
Coaxial light splitting microscope group includes main road spectroscope disposed in parallel and two-way spectroscope, and main road spectroscope and two-way are divided
Plating is formed with bi-color branch light film on mirror；Double-colored spectro-film on main road spectroscope, to CO2Laser light, to visible light and ranging
Laser reflection；Double-colored spectro-film on two-way spectroscope penetrates range laser, to visible reflectance；
Main road spectroscope is arranged on the emitting light path of positive lens；Defining face of the main road spectroscope far from positive lens is first
Mirror surface, two-way spectroscope are arranged on the reflected light path of the first mirror surface；
The optical axis of visible light camera is coaxial with the outgoing beam optical axis of positive lens；Two-way spectroscope is defined towards main road point
The face of light microscopic is the second mirror surface, it is seen that light position for video camera is on the reflected light path of second mirror surface；
Range-measurement system is located on the transmitted light path of second mirror surface；
Display and control terminal includes display terminal and control executor；
Control executor and CO2Laser beam expanding focusing system, visible light camera, range-measurement system and Two Dimensional Rotating mechanism are equal
It is connected, is used for: adjusts the orientation and pitching of Two Dimensional Rotating mechanism；It will be seen that image and range-measurement system acquired in light video camera
The ranging data of output is sent to display terminal；According to the ranging data of range-measurement system to the negative lens carry out position adjust with
Control CO2Locking of the laser beam expanding focusing system to ablation target, laser ablation；Monitor ablation process.
Further, in the positive lens groups and negative lens group the F number of all lens no more than 4.
Further, the mirror surface diameter D of the positive lens1Minimum value according to formulaIt determines；In formula,
Lm is the farthest operating distance of laser ablation, and d ' is entire CO2The diffraction limited spot size of laser ablation apparatus.
Further, the CO2Laser is continuous or high power pulsed ion beams CO2Laser, power are not less than 100W.
Further, the double-colored spectro-film on main road spectroscope, to CO2The transmitance of laser is greater than 99%, to visible light
And the reflectivity of range laser is greater than 90%；Double-colored spectro-film on two-way spectroscope, is greater than the transmitance of range laser
90%, 90% is greater than to the reflectivity of visible light.
Further, Two Dimensional Rotating mechanism is that azimuth and pitching angular accuracy are superior to 5 " precision rotating mechanism.
Further, Two Dimensional Rotating mechanism has the function of to manually adjust.
Further, positive lens groups and negative lens group are all made of transmissive CO2The Ge material of laser is made.
Further, it is seen that light video camera has zoom function, can be to distant object blur-free imaging, and can be to current
Lock onto target carries out frame choosing.
Beneficial effects of the present invention:
1. the present invention realizes CO using coaxial light splitting microscope group2Laser beam expanding focusing system, visible light camera and laser
Three tunnel of range-measurement system is coaxial, CO2Laser beam expanding focusing system is based on off-axis RC microscope group, and non-stop layer blocks, and lightweight and can meet big
Bore use demand；CO2CO in laser beam expanding focusing system2Laser beam expanding Focused Optical system uses Galilean telescope mirror-type
Formula transmits infrared system and avoids the laser point for occurring high-energy in system without intermediate picture point；The optical axis of visible light camera with
CO2The optical axis of laser beam expanding focusing system keeps coaxial, it can be ensured that ablation effect is best；The optical axis and CO of range-measurement system2Laser
The optical axis for expanding focusing system keeps coaxial, it can be ensured that when adjusting maximum negative lens in negative lens group, realizes CO2Laser
It is remote to focus；It can be realized the search, capture and locking of foreign matter target using visible light camera combination Two Dimensional Rotating mechanism.
In 50m or so, under the conditions of weather is fine, it is arranged using the focusing scheme and optical element, high energy laser capacity usage ratio is high,
Foreign matter can be lighted in 5S；Under extreme weather conditions, and under the conditions of limit operating distance, using the focusing scheme and light
Element setting is learned, high energy laser capacity usage ratio is high, can light foreign matter in 30S.
2. the position of positive lens groups is fixed in the present invention, the position of negative lens group is adjustable, in this way in remote work, only
Fine adjustment is carried out to the position of negative lens group, off-axis element is not adjusted, can guarantee the stability of focusing and coaxial
Property, the focusing for avoiding distant object jumps.
3. the F number of positive lens groups and negative lens group can sufficiently shorten the length of optical system, subtract less than 4 in the present invention
The volume of small ablation device.
4. CO in the present invention2Laser is continuous or high power pulsed ion beams CO2Laser, power are not less than 100W, can satisfy
Remote ablation demand.
5. Two Dimensional Rotating mechanism is that azimuth and pitching angular accuracy are superior to 5 " precision rotating mechanism, it can be ensured that adjust
Precision.
6. lens group uses transmissive CO2The Ge material of laser is made, and further reduced equipment cost.
7. the present invention can complete remote, non-contact ablation task with lower cost, and avoid man-machine injury.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is CO of the present invention2The schematic illustration of laser ablation apparatus.
Fig. 2 is CO of the present invention2The specific implementation case of laser ablation apparatus.
Fig. 3 is CO of the present invention2The hardware block diagram of laser ablation apparatus.
Fig. 4 is CO of the present invention2The software flow pattern of laser ablation apparatus.
Fig. 5 is to carry out the operational flowchart that remote high-voltage electricity foreign matter is removed using the present invention.
Description of symbols:
1-CO2Laser beam expanding focusing system, 11-CO2Laser, 12-CO2Laser beam expanding Focused Optical system, 121- are just saturating
Microscope group, 122- negative lens group, 1211 ..., 121N- positive lens, 1221 ..., 122N- negative lens, 2- visible light camera,
3- range-measurement system, the coaxial light splitting microscope group of 4-, 41- main road spectroscope, 42- two-way spectroscope, 5- Two Dimensional Rotating mechanism, the orientation 51-
Swing mechanism, 52- pitching swing mechanism, 6- power supply, 7- display and control terminal, 71- display terminal, 72- control executor.
Specific embodiment
To make those skilled in the art fully understand technical solution of the present invention, exploitativeness and advantage, first to this
The inventive concept of invention and technology path carry out following explanation.
CO2The main output wavelength range of laser is 10.6 microns, since metal and nonmetallic materials are to the wave band
The laser absorption rate difference of range is very big, and transmitance is higher in an atmosphere for the wave band, thus is suitable for high voltage transmission line (gold
Belong to) on dangle non-metal foreign body remote, contactless removing.
Due to high voltage transmission line set up apart from ground have certain altitude, and partial high pressure power transmission line be erected at mountain top or its
His remote location, it is general farther out with the trouble free service distance that can actually carry out foreign matter clear operation personnel, belong to remote clear
Except operation.By laser transmission formulaWherein λ is optical maser wavelength, and θ is the far field divergence half angle of laser, ω0It is sharp
The waist radius of light hot spot；It is found that beam radius needs are very big, and due to optical maser wavelength to reach the lesser angle of divergence
It is longer, almost several times in visible wavelength, if to CO2Laser directly expands, not can guarantee obtain at a distance it is lesser swash
Light spot size, therefore need to be to the CO transmitted at a distance2Laser beam is focused, to meet the light spot energy requirement of ablation.
In CO2In laser ablation system, the practical diffraction pattern of whole system, which is limited by, expands light-emitting window size, by diffraction
Theory is it is found that diffraction from circular aperture first dark ring diameter dr ' are as follows:
Wherein: λ is optical maser wavelength, and D is the bore for expanding out light of laser ablation system, and f ' is that laser ablation system is burnt
Away from；When taking CO2Laser emitting laser wave λ=10.6 μm will be calculated apart from the distant place laser ablation system 200m spot diameter
It less than Φ 20mm, is calculated through above formula, needing beam expanding lens exit beam diameter is about 258.64mm.By using certain structural type
The beam expanding lens of formula, adjusting, which expands distance between two microscope groups, can be achieved remote hot spot focusing.Ablation is carried out to remote foreign matter
It needs to measure the distance between foreign matter and system by range-measurement system before, then focusing system is accurately controlled, come
Realize CO2Laser facula focuses.
Due to CO2Laser is invisible, and when remote work, even visible light also can not see laser clearly using visual
Hot spot, therefore the present invention is scanned for and is locked to entire foreign matter target using visible light camera, and is supervised to ablation effect
It surveys.
To realize that remote high voltage transmission line foreign matter is removed, it is also necessary to by CO2Laser beam expanding focusing system, range-measurement system and
Visible light camera (monitoring system) these three subsystems carry out organic connections, and organic connections here are not to be simply stacked on
Together.If also, three subsystems want coordinated reach complete the search of long distance laser foreign matter, locking, ablation and its
The purpose of effect detection also there are certain requirements for loading the angle precision of Two Dimensional Rotating mechanism of three subsystems.
To realize that remote high voltage transmission line foreign matter is removed, CO2It is long that system should be able to be shortened in laser beam expanding focusing system
Degree is not present intermediate picture point, avoids the laser point for occurring high-energy in system.When operating distance farther out when, required aperture of objective lens
It is larger, and there are motor adjustment component, the heavy-calibre element and off-axis element in regulating system should be avoided.There are central obscurations
System is not suitable for the system, can inevitably bring the loss of laser energy；Avoid the heavy-calibre element in regulating system
The stability and alignment that can guarantee focusing with off-axis element, avoid the focusing of distant object from jumping.
CO2Laser beam expanding focusing system sheet is as small field of view heavy-caliber optical system, and visible light camera and ranging system
System belongs to the lesser system of visual field larger caliber, due to CO2Laser structure size itself is comparatively huge, need to be arranged
In on main optical path, and visible light camera and range-measurement system are also required to reasonably be arranged in corresponding optical path, therefore reasonable
Light path layout is very crucial.
Due in laser ablation apparatus there are high energy laser, to avoid causing to endanger to operator or periphery biology
Evil, the present invention preferably has the Two Dimensional Rotating mechanism of regulatory function and lock function, and entire ablation device must satisfy centainly
Operating process can just carry out ablation operation.
Based on the above technical concept, below in conjunction with attached drawing, the invention will be further described.
As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2, provided by the present invention to be based on the coaxial transmission-type CO in three tunnels2Laser ablation apparatus includes CO2Swash
Light expands focusing system 1, coaxial light splitting microscope group 4, visible light camera 2, range-measurement system 3, Two Dimensional Rotating mechanism 5, power supply 6 and shows
Control terminal 7.CO2Laser beam expanding focusing system 1, coaxial light splitting microscope group 4, visible light camera 2 and range-measurement system 3 are packaged in one
Body is set in Two Dimensional Rotating mechanism 5.
CO2Laser beam expanding focusing system 1 includes CO2Laser 11 and CO2Laser beam expanding Focused Optical system 12；CO2Laser
Continuous or high power pulsed ion beams CO can be used in device 112Laser；It is possible to be unable to satisfy long distance divorced in view of laser energy is too low
The demand of object ablation, CO2The power of laser 11 is not less than 100W.In order to guarantee to avoid occurring in system high without intermediate picture point
The laser point of energy, CO2Laser beam expanding Focused Optical system 12 is Galilean telescope pattern transmission infrared system, including just thoroughly
Microscope group 121 and negative lens group 122；Each negative lens group 122 includes the different negative lens of N number of size for setting gradually along optical path,
Successively it is denoted as negative lens 122N ... negative lens 1221；Negative lens 122N size is minimum, is set to CO2The outgoing of laser (11)
1221 size of negative lens is maximum in optical path, and position is adjustable；
Each positive lens groups 121 include the different positive lens of N number of size for setting gradually along optical path, are successively denoted as positive lens
121N ... positive lens 1211；Positive lens 121N size is minimum, is set on the emitting light path of negative lens 122N, positive lens 1211
Size is maximum；
To shorten optical path, N is the natural number less than or equal to 3；
When negative lens group and positive lens groups cascade, in such a way that negative, positive lens are arranged alternately, i.e., according to negative lens
122N, positive lens 121N ... negative lens 1221, positive lens 1211 be arranged；Adjacent negative lens 122X and positive lens 122X is one group,
Galilean telescope pattern is constituted without burnt or approximate afocal system, X is the positive integer less than or equal to 3；In this way, the N number of gal constituted
Focusing and amplification needed for benefit slightly telescope pattern completes light beam without burnt or approximate afocal system relay；In all positive and negative lens,
Negative lens 122N size is minimum, and 1211 size of positive lens is maximum, and they constitute without coke or close to afocal system enlargement ratio
It is maximum；
The position of positive lens groups 121 is fixed, and 1221 position of negative lens in negative lens group 122 is adjustable, negative saturating by finely tuning
The position of mirror 1221 can guarantee remote CO2The stability and alignment focused in hot spot focusing avoid remote
The focusing of target jumps.To reduce cost, positive lens groups 121 and negative lens group 122 are all made of transmissive CO2The Ge material of laser
It is made.
In order to shorten optical system length, reduce the volume of ablation device, institute in positive lens groups 121 and negative lens group 122
There is the F number of lens to be preferably respectively less than and is equal to 4.For convenience of design and implementation, the mirror surface diameter D of positive lens groups 1211Minimum value root
According to formulaIt determines；In formula, Lm is the farthest operating distance of laser ablation, and d ' is entire CO2Laser ablation apparatus
Diffraction limited spot size.
Coaxial light splitting microscope group 4 includes main road spectroscope 41 disposed in parallel and two-way spectroscope 42；41 He of main road spectroscope
Plating is formed with bi-color branch light film on two-way spectroscope 42；Double-colored spectro-film on main road spectroscope 41, to CO2Laser light, it is right
Visible light and range laser reflection；Double-colored spectro-film on two-way spectroscope 42 penetrates range laser, to visible reflectance.
Main road spectroscope 41 is arranged in positive lens groups 121 on the emitting light path of positive lens 1211；Main road spectroscope 41 is defined far from just
The face of lens group 121 is the first mirror surface, and two-way spectroscope 42 is arranged on the reflected light path of the first mirror surface；Main road spectroscope 41 with
The relative angular relationship of two-way spectroscope 42, so that CO2Laser beam expanding focusing system 1, visible light camera 2 and range-measurement system 3
Three road light are coaxial, enable CO2The prison of ablation target, the locking of 2 picture centre of visible light camera that laser beam expanding focusing system 1 focuses
Measuring distance of target measured by control target and range-measurement system 3 is consistent.
To improve CO2The capacity usage ratio of laser, the double-colored spectro-film that main road spectroscope 41 is coated with, so that CO2Laser λ1=
Nearby transmissivityτ is greater than 98% to 10.6 mum wavelengths, so that visible light camera λ2The survey of=450nm~750nm and range-measurement system 3
Away from laser λ3Nearby reflectivity ρ is greater than 99% to=1.06 mum wavelengths；Two-way spectroscope 42 is coated with double-colored spectro-film, so that visible light
2 service band of video camera is λ2The light reflectivity ρ of=450nm~750nm is greater than 99%, the range laser λ of range-measurement system 33=
Nearby transmissivityτ is greater than 99% to 1.06 mum wavelengths.
The optical axis of visible light camera 2 is parallel with the outgoing beam optical axis of positive lens 1211；Define 42 face of two-way spectroscope
It is the second mirror surface to the face of main road spectroscope 41, it is seen that light video camera 2 is located on the reflected light path of second mirror surface；Visible light is taken the photograph
Camera 2 is preferably provided with the zoom function of larger multiplying power, can to large range of remote and close-in target blur-free imaging, compared with
Blur-free imaging is used for ablation at a distance on a large scale, and the blur-free imaging of short distance is calibrated for debugging with remote focusing
It is compared and calibrates, and frame choosing can be carried out to Current lock target, that is, have electronic locking objective function；Visible light camera
2 are also connected with display and control terminal 7, and the image that will acquire is sent to display and control terminal 7.
Two Dimensional Rotating mechanism 5 includes orientation swing mechanism 51 and pitching swing mechanism 52, has and manually adjusts, automatically adjusts
And lock function, orientation swing mechanism 51 and pitching swing mechanism 52 can be adjusted with automatic or manual, realized to foreign matter target
It aims at and locks.
Display and control terminal 7 includes display terminal 71 and control executor 72.Control executor 72 and CO2Laser beam expanding focuses system
System 1, visible light camera 2, range-measurement system 3 are connected with Two Dimensional Rotating mechanism 5, are used for: adjusting the orientation of Two Dimensional Rotating mechanism 5
And pitching；It will be seen that the ranging data that image acquired in light video camera 2 and range-measurement system 3 export is sent to display terminal
71；Position adjusting is carried out (by ranging data to the negative lens 1221 in negative lens group 122 according to the ranging data of range-measurement system 3
The method for being converted to the position coordinates of negative lens 1221 specifically refers to document " laser far field focus characteristics experimental study ") with control
CO processed2Locking of the laser beam expanding focusing system 1 to ablation target, laser ablation；Monitor ablation process.
It is provided with camera scaling and focusing button on control executor 72, visible light camera 2 is adjusted by serial ports, makes to regard
Frequency shows clear；Visible light camera 2 is fixed in Two Dimensional Rotating mechanism 5, and manually adjusting Two Dimensional Rotating mechanism is in target
In display terminal 71, foreign matter target is selected in 71 upper ledge of display terminal, control executor is calculated two-dimentional miss distance, passes through serial ports
This miss distance is sent to Two Dimensional Rotating mechanism 5, to control the orientation and pitching of Two Dimensional Rotating mechanism；Target and video hub
After coincidence, start range-measurement system 3, and data are received by serial ports.
The present invention is by CO2These three independent sub-light roads of laser beam expanding focusing system 1, visible light camera 2, range-measurement system 3
It is arranged in Two Dimensional Rotating mechanism 5 jointly, in conjunction with CO2The initial position and visible light camera 2 of laser ablation apparatus are provided
Foreign substance information, adjust Two Dimensional Rotating mechanism 5 orientation swing mechanism 51 and pitching swing mechanism 52, by foreign matter target lock-on in
The center of video image shown by the display terminal 71 of display and control terminal 7.After locking foreign matter target, mentioned according to range-measurement system 3
The ranging information of confession, to CO2The corresponding position of negative lens 1221 carries out fine adjustment in laser beam expanding Focused Optical system 12, comes
The focusing and ablation for completing ablative laser during this, are monitored ablation process using display and control terminal 7, in measurement process
Middle power supply 6 is the power supply of all related systems, common to complete remote, non-contact type high voltage power transmission line foreign matter removing.
As shown in figure 3, visible light camera 2 is connected by USB data line with display terminal 71, real-time transmission of video is extremely
Display terminal 71.In addition, visible light camera 2 is connected by RS485 serial ports with control executor 72, control executor 72 is logical
Scaling and focusing that serial ports sends instruction control visible light camera 2 are crossed, realizes the improvement to video quality.Control executor 72
It is connect by RS485 serial ports with range-measurement system 3, instructs control range-measurement system 3 to realize distance measurement function by sending, and pass through data
Line transmission range parameter is to display terminal 71.Visible light camera 2 is fixed in Two Dimensional Rotating mechanism 5, and control executor 72 is logical
The pitching and rotation for crossing RS485 control Two Dimensional Rotating mechanism 5 can be manual by the real-time video on observation display terminal 71
Two Dimensional Rotating mechanism 5 is adjusted to ideal position, alternatively, it is also possible to send position command automatically by selection target in video
To Two Dimensional Rotating mechanism 5, the adjustment of position is realized.
As shown in figure 4, first determine whether display terminal 71 can real-time display video, then adjust Two Dimensional Rotating mechanism 5 make
Target is located in video, and scaling and the focusing of visible light camera 2 are controlled by control executor 72, keeps picture clear, is regarding
Foreign matter target is selected in frequency, system calculates miss distance automatically and sends instructions to Two Dimensional Rotating mechanism 5 by controlling executor 72,
Finally start range-measurement system 3, obtain real-time range parameter and is shown on display terminal 71.
As shown in figure 5, before preparation, by CO2Laser ablation apparatus is mounted on small transporting vehicle.In vehicle driving mistake
Cheng Zhong has found the foreign matter target on high voltage transmission line.Parking position (generally higher than 20m) is determined according to distance, by CO2Laser is burnt
The exit positions of erosion device are adjusted to be approximately towards foreign matter to be cleaned.
Then the general supply for opening whole equipment, presses " visible light camera " button, powers to visible light camera 2,
The real-time video in display terminal 71 is observed, Two Dimensional Rotating mechanism 5 is manually adjusted, target is made to be generally in the middle area of video
Domain adjusts " scaling " button and " focusing " button on control executor 72, the real-time video center choosing in display terminal 71
Foreign matter target, control executor calculates miss distance (the relative two dimensional displacement that frame chooses the heart and video hub), and controls two dimension
Rotating mechanism 5 automatically adjusts, and target is made to be located at video hub." ranging " button is pressed, range-measurement system 3 starts ranging, and ranging is complete
Cheng Hou obtains distance parameter after display " ranging completion " and shows.Then " burning light focusing " is pressed, negative lens 1221 is adjusted
Position sets the energy parameter of ablative laser according to distance parameter after display " focusing is completed "." starting ablation " button is pressed,
CO2Laser 11 emits superlaser, observes the real-time video in display terminal 71, finely tunes Two Dimensional Rotating mechanism 5, ablation of following up
Position.It observes that foreign matter burning falls off, presses " stopping ablation " button, pass hull closure general supply is finally completed foreign matter removing.
Present invention can apply to remote, non-contact removings to hang on the non-metal foreign body on high voltage transmission line, use
Special Light Electrical structural shape realizes the search, locking and removing of remote foreign matter, it is ensured that device price is comparatively low
It is honest and clean, it can be achieved that degree is high, and ensure man-machine safety.
Claims (9)
1. one kind coaxial transmission-type CO in three tunnels2Laser ablation apparatus, it is characterised in that: including CO2Laser beam expanding focusing system (1),
Coaxial light splitting microscope group (4), visible light camera (2), range-measurement system (3), Two Dimensional Rotating mechanism (5) and display and control terminal (7)；CO2
Laser beam expanding focusing system (1), visible light camera (2), range-measurement system (3) and coaxial light splitting microscope group (4) are packaged in one, if
It is placed on Two Dimensional Rotating mechanism (5)；
CO2Laser beam expanding focusing system (1) includes CO2Laser (11) and CO2Laser beam expanding Focused Optical system (12)；
CO2Laser beam expanding Focused Optical system (12) is Galilean telescope pattern transmission infrared system, including by positive lens groups
(121) and the approximation of negative lens group (122) composition is without burnt or approximate afocal system；
Each negative lens group (122) includes the different negative lens of N number of size for setting gradually along optical path, is successively denoted as negative lens
(122N) ... negative lens (1221)；In negative lens group (122): negative lens (122N) size is minimum, is set to CO2Laser
(11) on emitting light path；Negative lens (1221) size is maximum, and position is adjustable；
Each positive lens groups (121) include the different positive lens of N number of size for setting gradually along optical path, are successively denoted as positive lens
(121N) ... positive lens (1211)；In positive lens groups (121): positive lens (121N) size is minimum, is set to negative lens (122N)
Emitting light path on；Positive lens (1211) size is maximum；
The size of negative lens (122N) is less than the size of positive lens (121N), and the size of positive lens (1211) is greater than negative lens
(1221) size；
The N is the natural number less than or equal to 3；
Negative lens group and positive lens groups cascade in such a way that negative, positive lens are arranged alternately, i.e., according to negative lens (122N), just thoroughly
Mirror (121N) ... negative lens (1221), positive lens (1211) setting；Adjacent negative lens (122X) and positive lens (122X) are one
Group constitutes Galilean telescope pattern without burnt or approximate afocal system, and X is the positive integer less than or equal to 3；
The coaxial light splitting microscope group (4) is set on the emitting light path of positive lens (1211)；
Coaxial light splitting microscope group (4) includes main road spectroscope (41) disposed in parallel and two-way spectroscope (42), main road spectroscope
(41) and on two-way spectroscope (42) plating is formed with bi-color branch light film；Double-colored spectro-film on main road spectroscope (41), to CO2Swash
Light penetrates, and reflects visible light and range laser；Double-colored spectro-film on two-way spectroscope (42) penetrates range laser, right
Visible reflectance；
Main road spectroscope (41) is arranged on the emitting light path of positive lens (1211)；Main road spectroscope (41) are defined far from positive lens
(1211) face is the first mirror surface, and two-way spectroscope (42) is arranged on the reflected light path of the first mirror surface；
The optical axis of visible light camera (2) is coaxial with the outgoing beam optical axis of positive lens (1211)；It defines two-way spectroscope (42)
Face towards main road spectroscope (41) is the second mirror surface, it is seen that light video camera (2) is located on the reflected light path of second mirror surface；
Range-measurement system (3) is located on the transmitted light path of second mirror surface；
Display and control terminal (7) includes display terminal (71) and control executor (72)；
Control executor (72) and CO2Laser beam expanding focusing system (1), visible light camera (2), range-measurement system (3) and two dimension rotation
Rotation mechanism (5) is connected, and is used for: adjusting the orientation and pitching of Two Dimensional Rotating mechanism (5)；It will be seen that light video camera (2) are acquired
Image and range-measurement system (3) output ranging data be sent to display terminal (71)；According to the ranging number of range-measurement system (3)
It adjusts according to position is carried out to the negative lens (1221) to control CO2Laser beam expanding focusing system (1) to the locking of ablation target,
Laser ablation；Monitor ablation process.
2. the coaxial transmission-type CO in three tunnels according to claim 12Laser ablation apparatus, it is characterised in that: the positive lens groups
(121) the F number of all lens is no more than 4 and in negative lens group (122).
3. the coaxial transmission-type CO in three tunnels according to claim 1 or 22Laser ablation apparatus, it is characterised in that: described just saturating
The mirror surface diameter D of mirror (1211)1Minimum value according to formulaIt determines；In formula, Lm is the farthest work of laser ablation
Make distance, d ' is entire CO2The diffraction limited spot size of laser ablation apparatus.
4. the coaxial transmission-type CO in three tunnels according to claim 32Laser ablation apparatus, it is characterised in that: the CO2Laser
Device (11) is continuous or high power pulsed ion beams CO2Laser, power are not less than 100W.
5. the coaxial transmission-type CO in three tunnels according to claim 42Laser ablation apparatus, it is characterised in that: main road spectroscope
(41) the double-colored spectro-film on, to CO2The transmitance of laser is greater than 99%, is greater than to the reflectivity of visible light and range laser
90%；Double-colored spectro-film on two-way spectroscope (42) is greater than 90% to the transmitance of range laser, to the reflectivity of visible light
Greater than 90%.
6. the coaxial transmission-type CO in three tunnels according to claim 52Laser ablation apparatus, it is characterised in that: Two Dimensional Rotating mechanism
(5) 5 are superior to for azimuth and pitching angular accuracy " precision rotating mechanism.
7. the coaxial transmission-type CO in three tunnels according to claim 62Laser ablation apparatus, it is characterised in that: Two Dimensional Rotating mechanism
(5) have the function of to manually adjust.
8. the coaxial transmission-type CO in three tunnels according to claim 72Laser ablation apparatus, it is characterised in that: positive lens groups
(121) and negative lens group (122) is all made of transmissive CO2The Ge material of laser is made.
9. the coaxial transmission-type CO in three tunnels according to claim 82Laser ablation apparatus, it is characterised in that: visible light camera
(2) there is zoom function, can be to distant object blur-free imaging, and frame choosing can be carried out to Current lock target.
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| CN201910198883.4A CN110061445B (en) | 2019-03-15 | 2019-03-15 | Three-way coaxial transmission type CO2Laser ablation apparatus |
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| CN115254805A (en) * | 2022-09-26 | 2022-11-01 | 国网山东省电力公司荣成市供电公司 | Laser clearing range finder for foreign matter in power grid |
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