CN110057873A - A kind of high temperature and high pressure steam mass dryness fraction on-line monitoring system and method - Google Patents
A kind of high temperature and high pressure steam mass dryness fraction on-line monitoring system and method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention belongs to steam quality detection technique fields, and the invention discloses a kind of high temperature and high pressure steam mass dryness fraction on-line monitoring system and methods；Water enters from the inlet, steam generator is injected after water inlet high temperature and pressure measuring electrode detects water inlet temperature, most water are converted into steam in a vapor generator, and steam and remaining water enter gas-liquid separator and carries out gas-liquid separation, and the steam after separation is overflowed through steam passage from water outlet；Water a part after separation is discharged through furnace water passage from water outlet, and a part is discharged by throttle valve and heating tube by water outlet through cooling flow into after water outlet high temperature and pressure measuring electrode detects outlet temperature of condenser pipe, and throttle valve can control export pipeline water-flowing amount.Conductance instrument is connect with inlet and outlet high temperature and pressure measuring electrode, measures water inlet conductivity and water outlet conductivity respectively.The resistance to 450 DEG C of high temperature of one kind proposed by the present invention and under 35MPa hyperbaric environment on-line measurement mass dryness fraction detection method.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to steam quality detection technique field more particularly to a kind of high temperature and high pressure steam mass dryness fraction on-line monitoring systems
System and method.
Background technique
Currently, the immediate prior art: high-temperature steam displacement is development tool important in oilfield exploitation procedure,
It is one of the object of oil-gas field development test primary study；But difference on effect is very in the process of development for the steam of different steam qualitys
Greatly.The most common high-temperature steam generator in laboratory is the steam dryness control based on hot break theory at present.But hot break theory control
System is that control method, the effect without feedback control can not accomplish the feedback regulation to steam quality forward.Laboratory steam
Developmental research is exploited different from on-site steam.Laboratory steam production very little, does not exceed 3Kg/h generally, for measuring greatly
The different reality of the way of sample analysis.Steam quality detection simultaneously does not allow to change steam quality, does not allow to add other substances；Institute
To lack the effective means of high-temperature steam mass dryness fraction detection in high-temperature steam displacement test, let alone it is dry to high temperature and high pressure steam
The real-time control of degree.Current steam displacement test be usually carried out under high-temperature and high-pressure conditions, usually require that temperature 250 DEG C with
On, pressure is in 20MPa or more.Conventional vapor mass dryness fraction detection device and means are put forward higher requirements.
Used steam quality measurement method mainly has heat-exchanging method, capacitance measurement and electricity in science scientific research at present
Conductance method.Heat-exchanging method is a kind of off-line measurement steam quality method, it is desirable that high-temperature steam is sampled sample is carried out it is cold
It is solidifying that mass dryness fraction is calculated by sample size and condensation power, it is larger that risk is sampled in high temperature and high pressure environment；Analytic process is long simultaneously.
This method is not able to satisfy the requirement of on-line analysis.Capacitance method is measured according to the steam conductivity difference of different mass dryness fractions.
But steam conductivity and the relationship of capacitor do not have reasonable formula that can refer to, which by the size of capacitance electrode and divides again
Cloth influences.Capacitance electrode is easy to appear aging and seriously affects experimental repeatability under high-temperature and high-pressure conditions.It is difficult in this way
Accurately measure the true mass dryness fraction of small flow steam, poor repeatability.Conductivity measurement scheme is the survey of newest proposition after 2010
Amount scheme, the conductivity variations meter that this method passes through mineralizer ion in injection water before and after steam generation and outlet vapor residual water
Calculate the mass dryness fraction of outlet vapor.The water source that steam generator uses at present all contains certain density mineralizer ion, can satisfy
The condition that the program uses.This method, which only needs a small amount of residual water to flow into measurement container, can calculate steam quality.But work as
The preceding resistivity measurement mass dryness fraction device occurred is all to carry out off-line analysis to after outlet sample sampling；Small flow steam is taken
It will affect the mass dryness fraction value of steam after outlet remainder water out.There are no the bases under high-temperature and high-pressure conditions for occurring meeting Laboratory Request
In the steam quality on-line measuring device of conductivity measurement.Simultaneously in the market most of resistivity measurement electrode all in temperature
No more than 200 DEG C, it is used below that pressure is no more than 10MPa.It is difficult to meet the needs of steam displacement test.
In conclusion problem of the existing technology is:
(1) heat-exchanging method risk is larger, and the long low efficiency of analytic process is unable to on-line analysis.
(2) capacitance method steam conductivity is influenced by the size of electrode and distribution, and hardly possible accurately measures the true of small flow steam
Degree of doing solid work, poor repeatability.
(3) conductivity measurement will affect the mass dryness fraction value of steam after taking out outlet remainder water for small flow steam.
(4) resistivity measurement electrode in the market is all no more than 200 DEG C in temperature, and pressure is used below no more than 10Mpa,
It is difficult to meet the needs of steam displacement test.
Solve the difficulty of above-mentioned technical problem:
It is measured by mass dryness fraction of the steam quality detection unit to output steam, is mainly needed due to being measured part
On-line checking, while the actual amount of measured medium is quite few, secondly measured medium belongs to close to supercriticality, temperature, pressure phase
Work as height, considerably beyond existing equipment limit requirements.
Solve the meaning of above-mentioned technical problem:
Mass dryness fraction by exporting steam to steam generator detects, and usual unknown data can be integrated to practical displacement of reservoir oil effect
In fruit, relevant further investigation can be carried out for steam flooding method, pass through steam quality and the relevant Data Detection of the displacement of reservoir oil
Mechanism study can be driven for steam with analysis and relevant data supporting is provided, provide laboratory to further investigate various oil displacement efficiencies
The foundation of scope, and pass through experiment instruction situ extraction.
Summary of the invention
In view of the problems of the existing technology, the present invention provides a kind of high temperature and high pressure steam mass dryness fraction on-line monitoring system and
Method.
The invention is realized in this way a kind of high temperature and high pressure steam mass dryness fraction on-line monitoring system, the high temperature and high pressure steam
Mass dryness fraction on-line monitoring system is provided with
Water inlet high temperature and pressure measuring electrode；
Water inlet high temperature and pressure measuring electrode is connect with steam generator and conductance instrument, steam generator and gas-liquid
Separator connection, gas-liquid separator are connect with steam passage, furnace water passage, condenser pipe, and condenser pipe and water outlet high temperature and pressure are surveyed
Electrode connection is measured, water outlet high temperature and pressure measuring electrode is connect with throttle valve and conductance instrument, and throttle valve and heating tube connect
It connects.
Further, the high temperature and pressure measuring electrode includes: water inlet, electrode A, electrode B, lead, water outlet, sealing
Part, insulating materials；
High temperature and pressure measuring electrode insulating materials uses polyimides, and electrode is process surface spraying using Hastelloy
One layer of equadag coating；Sealing element uses metal gasket.
It is disposed with heat insulation layer in the part that the side of arrangement electrode and conducting wire are brought out, the both ends of heat insulation layer are connected by flange
It connects, is sealed between two flanges by high temperature resistant red copper gasket.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a kind of height for realizing the high temperature and high pressure steam mass dryness fraction on-line monitoring system
The water inlet high temperature and pressure of warm high steam mass dryness fraction on-line monitoring method, the high temperature and high pressure steam mass dryness fraction on-line monitoring method is surveyed
Steam generator is injected after amount electrode detection water inlet temperature, most water are converted into steam, steam in a vapor generator
Enter gas-liquid separator with remaining water and carry out gas-liquid separation, the steam after separation is overflowed through steam passage from water outlet；After separation
Water a part be discharged through furnace water passage from water outlet, a part flows into water outlet high temperature and pressure measuring electrode through condenser pipe is cooling
It is discharged by throttle valve and heating tube by water outlet after detection outlet temperature, throttle valve can control export pipeline water-flowing amount；Electricity
Conductance measuring instrument is connect with inlet and outlet high temperature and pressure measuring electrode, measures water inlet conductivity and water outlet electricity respectively
Conductance.
Further, it is as follows to calculate formula for the steam quality of the high temperature and high pressure steam mass dryness fraction on-line monitoring method:
V=(A2-A1)/A2；
Wherein, V is outlet steam quality, and A1 is water inlet steam conductivity；A2 is water outlet steam conductivity；
The A1 measured and A2 must be transformed at identical temperature when measuring, specific as follows:
A1=K1*Q1；
Q22=Q2*f (T1, T2)；
A2=K2*Q22；
V=(A2-A1)/A2=1- (K1*Q1)/(K2*f (Q2, T1, T2))=1-K1/K2* (Q1/f (Q2, T1, T2))；
Wherein, K1 is water inlet electrode shape parameter, and Q1 is water inlet conductance, and T1 is water inlet temperature；K2 is water outlet
Electrode shape parameter, Q2 are water outlet conductance, and Q22 is the water outlet conductance at a temperature of switching to for water inlet, and T2 is water outlet temperature
Degree.Remember that M=K1/K2, M are relative shape parameter.
Further, the high temperature and high pressure steam mass dryness fraction on-line monitoring method determines that relative shape parameter M is specifically included:
So that inlet and outlet electrode is flowed into identical electrolyte solution medium at the same temperature, measures the conductivity of two electrodes
Q1,Q2；Relative shape parameter M calculates as follows:
M=k1/k2=Q2/Q1.
Further, determining temperature change relationship f (T) of the high temperature and high pressure steam mass dryness fraction on-line monitoring method is specifically included: being allowed
Exit electrodes flow into certain electrolyte solution medium, control medium temperature, record and export conductivity Q2 and temperature under different temperatures
T2 corresponding points (Q2i, T2i), i=0 ... N；It is fitted (Qi/Q0, Ti).
Further, the on-line measurement steam quality of the high temperature and high pressure steam mass dryness fraction on-line monitoring method specifically includes: root
According to process connecting pipeline, guarantee that outlet line temperature and suction line temperature are basic by throttle valve control export pipeline water-flowing amount
Difference is no more than 10 DEG C；Inlet and outlet conductivity is measured by conductivity meter, formula is brought into and calculates the steam quality formed in real time.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a kind of height using the high temperature and high pressure steam mass dryness fraction on-line monitoring system
Warm steam generator.
In conclusion advantages of the present invention and good effect are as follows: the present invention carries out high temperature steaming using conductivity measurement principle
Vapour mass dryness fraction on-line checking, while the steam quality set is obtained by automatic adjustment steam generator.Important technical advantage is as follows:
(1) variation of water body conductivity before and after steam generation, measurement essence can be measured using high-precision conductance instrument
Degree is high, reproducible.
(2) inlet and outlet conductivity measurement is carried out using identical measuring electrode, it can be to avoid the shadow of electrode size and shape
It rings, simplifies measurement and improve efficiency.
(3) vapour survey only needs the water body no more than 2ml that can measure to solve asking for small flow vapour survey
Topic.It realizes on-line period and measurement, avoids manually-operated danger.
(4) equipment contains cooling and heating function and approximation may be implemented and import and export conductivity measurement close at temperature, to the greatest extent may be used
It can be reduced the influence of the inconsistent generation of temperature.It is inconsistent to result to thoroughly solve temperature using temperature adjustmemt function simultaneously
It influences.Water body is reverted into steam generator outlet temperature by heating, avoids the influence to steam quality.
(5) regulated and controled by water intake velocity and heating power of the measurement result to steam generator, be may be implemented any
The generation of the steam of mass dryness fraction.
(6) unique electrode design and excellent material are used, may be implemented to 425 DEG C, steam quality is surveyed under the conditions of 34MPa
Amount.
Existing resistivity measurement electrode is all no more than 200 DEG C in temperature, and pressure is used below no more than 10MPa, is difficult
Meet the needs of steam displacement test, and the resistance to 450 DEG C of high temperature of one kind proposed by the present invention and is surveyed online under 35MPa hyperbaric environment
The mass dryness fraction detection method of amount.The present invention is used to carry out the experimental field of steam flooding, by the measurement of different mass dryness fractions, with steaming according to note
Vapour mass dryness fraction and oil displacement efficiency carry out the correlation theory research of oil exploitation.In the field at present not yet similar to the online of high temperature and pressure
Steam quality detection device, conventional equipment can only heatproof be no more than 200 DEG C, viscous crude situ extraction is much not achieved in pressure 10MPa
Heat injection demand.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is high temperature and high pressure steam mass dryness fraction on-line monitoring system structural schematic diagram provided in an embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is high temperature and pressure measuring electrode structural schematic diagram provided in an embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is high temperature and high pressure steam mass dryness fraction on-line monitoring method flow chart provided in an embodiment of the present invention；
In figure, 1, water inlet high temperature and pressure measuring electrode；2, steam generator；3, gas-liquid separator；4, steam passage；5,
Furnace water passage；6, condenser pipe；7, water outlet high temperature and pressure measuring electrode；8, throttle valve；9, heating tube；10, conductance instrument；
11, water inlet；12, electrode A；13, electrode B；14, lead；15, water outlet；16, sealing element；17, insulating materials.
Specific embodiment
In order to make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention clearer, with reference to embodiments, to the present invention
It is further elaborated.It should be appreciated that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present invention, it is not used to
Limit the present invention.
To solve the above problems, the high temperature and high pressure steam mass dryness fraction that the present invention provides a kind of based on conductivity measurement generate and
Measuring device is able to solve the measurement that temperature reaches 425 DEG C, pressure reaches steam quality under the conditions of 35MPa.
Application principle of the invention is explained in detail with reference to the accompanying drawing.
As shown in Figure 1, high temperature and high pressure steam mass dryness fraction on-line monitoring system provided in an embodiment of the present invention includes: water inlet height
Warm high-tension measurement electrode 1, steam generator 2, gas-liquid separator 3, steam passage 4, furnace water passage 5, condenser pipe 6, water outlet are high
Warm high-tension measurement electrode 7, throttle valve 8, heating tube 9, conductance instrument 10.
Water inlet high temperature and pressure measuring electrode 1 is connect with steam generator 2 and conductance instrument 10, steam generator 2
It is connect with gas-liquid separator 3, gas-liquid separator 3 is connect with steam passage 4, furnace water passage 5, condenser pipe 6, condenser pipe 6 and water outlet
Mouth high temperature and pressure measuring electrode 7 connects, and water outlet high temperature and pressure measuring electrode 7 is connect with throttle valve 8 and conductance instrument 10,
Throttle valve 8 is connect with heating tube 9.
Water enters from the inlet, and injects steam generation after water inlet high temperature and pressure measuring electrode 1 detects water inlet temperature
Device 2, most water are converted into steam in steam generator 2, and steam and remaining water enter gas-liquid separator 3 and carries out gas-liquid point
From the steam after separation is overflowed through steam passage 4 from water outlet；Water a part after separation is arranged through furnace water passage 5 from water outlet
Out, a part passes through throttle valve 8 through cooling flow into after water outlet high temperature and pressure measuring electrode 7 detects outlet temperature of condenser pipe 6
It is discharged with heating tube 9 by water outlet, throttle valve 8 can control export pipeline water-flowing amount.Conductance instrument 10 and water inlet high temperature
High-tension measurement electrode 1 and water outlet high temperature and pressure measuring electrode 7 connect, and measure water inlet conductivity and water outlet conductance respectively
Rate.
As shown in Fig. 2, high temperature and pressure measuring electrode provided in an embodiment of the present invention includes: water inlet 11, electrode A 12, electricity
Pole B 13, lead 14, water outlet 15, sealing element 16, insulating materials 17.
High temperature and pressure measuring electrode insulating materials 17 uses polyimides, can bear 600 DEG C of high temperature.Electrode uses Kazakhstan
Alloy, which is process surface one layer of equadag coating of spraying, can be effectively prevented the corrosion of the electrode under the function of current.Sealing element uses
Metal gasket can carry out reliably sealing under high temperature and pressure.
Further, it is as follows to calculate formula for steam quality:
V=(A2-A1)/A2 (1)
Wherein, V is outlet steam quality, and A1 is water inlet steam conductivity；A2 is water outlet steam conductivity.
Conductivity measurement be it is electrometric by leading, in conductance measurement measure temperature be affected to measurement result.?
The A1 measured and A2 must be transformed at identical temperature when measuring, specific as follows:
A1=K1*Q1 (2)
Q22=Q2*f (T1, T2) (3)
A2=K2*Q22 (4)
V=(A2-A1)/A2=1- (K1*Q1)/(K2*f (Q2, T1, T2))
=1-K1/K2* (Q1/f (Q2, T1, T2)) (5)
Wherein, K1 is water inlet electrode shape parameter, and Q1 is water inlet conductance, and T1 is water inlet temperature；K2 is water outlet
Electrode shape parameter, Q2 are water outlet conductance, and Q22 is the water outlet conductance at a temperature of switching to for water inlet, and T2 is water outlet temperature
Degree.Remember that M=K1/K2, M are relative shape parameter.
In order to determine f (T1, T2) parameter, T1 ≈ T2 is made using the type of cooling.It is linear that amendment relationship, which is approximately considered,.
Further, steps are as follows for high temperature and high pressure steam mass dryness fraction on-line monitoring:
S101: relative shape parameter M is determined；
S102: it determines temperature change relationship f (T)；
S103: on-line measurement steam quality.
Further, the determination relative shape parameter M of the first step is specifically included:
So that inlet and outlet electrode is flowed into identical electrolyte solution medium at the same temperature, measures the conductivity of two electrodes
Q1,Q2.Relative shape parameter M calculates as follows:
M=k1/k2=Q2/Q1
Further, determining temperature change relationship f (T) of the second step is specifically included:
It allows exit electrodes to flow into certain electrolyte solution medium, controls medium temperature, record and export conductance under different temperatures
Rate Q2 and temperature T2 corresponding points (Q2i, T2i), i=0 ... N.It is fitted (Qi/Q0, Ti)；
Further, the on-line measurement steam quality of the third step specifically includes:
According to process connecting pipeline, outlet line temperature and inlet tube are guaranteed by throttle valve control export pipeline water-flowing amount
Line temperature differs substantially is no more than 10 DEG C.Inlet and outlet conductivity is measured by conductivity meter, brings what formula calculating was formed in real time into
Steam quality.
Further, the present invention uses AC conductivity measuring technique, and measuring signal frequency is 10Hz.
Further, the principle of high temperature and high pressure steam mass dryness fraction on-line monitoring are as follows: the water in injection steam generator is most
It is converted into steam, due to not containing conductive materials in dry saturated steam, the conductive materials in water inlet remain in the full of gas outlet completely
In water.The moist steam of outlet, which is drained into saturated water in measurement pipeline by gas-liquid separator, can measure outlet saturation
The conductivity of water.It is remained unchanged in the quality for generating conducting medium total in steam course.It can be according to water outlet and water inlet
Conductivity Calculation outlet vapor mass dryness fraction.
Present invention can be implemented in flow steam quality automatic on-line small under high-temperature and high-pressure conditions monitorings.
(1) precise measurement of conductivity variations is realized by heating and cooling control technology and technique for temperature compensation.Test water
Body imports pipeline automatically will not influence outlet steam quality value.
(2) measuring electrode for using special designing can bear high temperature and pressure using special material processing.
(3) steam generator feedback regulation is carried out using measured value, can produce any mass dryness fraction steam.
The foregoing is merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, is not intended to limit the invention, all in essence of the invention
Made any modifications, equivalent replacements, and improvements etc., should all be included in the protection scope of the present invention within mind and principle.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of high temperature and high pressure steam mass dryness fraction on-line monitoring system, which is characterized in that the high temperature and high pressure steam mass dryness fraction is supervised online
Examining system is provided with
Water inlet high temperature and pressure measuring electrode；
Water inlet high temperature and pressure measuring electrode is connect with steam generator and conductance instrument, steam generator and gas-liquid separation
Device connection, gas-liquid separator are connect with steam passage, furnace water passage, condenser pipe, condenser pipe and water outlet high temperature and pressure measurement electricity
Pole connection, water outlet high temperature and pressure measuring electrode are connect with throttle valve and conductance instrument, and throttle valve is connect with heating tube.
2. high temperature and high pressure steam mass dryness fraction on-line monitoring system as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the high temperature and pressure is surveyed
Measuring electrode includes: water inlet, electrode A, electrode B, lead, water outlet, sealing element, insulating materials；
High temperature and pressure measuring electrode insulating materials uses polyimides, and electrode is process surface using Hastelloy and sprays one layer
Equadag coating；Sealing element uses metal gasket；
It is disposed with heat insulation layer in the part that the side of arrangement electrode and conducting wire are brought out, the both ends of heat insulation layer pass through flanged joint,
It is sealed between two flanges by high temperature resistant red copper gasket.
3. a kind of high temperature and high pressure steam mass dryness fraction for realizing high temperature and high pressure steam mass dryness fraction on-line monitoring system described in claim 1 is online
Monitoring method, which is characterized in that the water inlet high temperature and pressure measuring electrode of the high temperature and high pressure steam mass dryness fraction on-line monitoring method
Steam generator is injected after detection water inlet temperature, most water are converted into steam, steam and residue in a vapor generator
Water enters gas-liquid separator and carries out gas-liquid separation, and the steam after separation is overflowed through steam passage from water outlet；Water one after separation
Part is discharged through furnace water passage from water outlet, and a part is detected through the cooling water outlet high temperature and pressure measuring electrode that flows into of condenser pipe
It is discharged by throttle valve and heating tube by water outlet after the temperature of the mouth of a river, throttle valve can control export pipeline water-flowing amount；Conductivity is surveyed
Amount instrument is connect with inlet and outlet high temperature and pressure measuring electrode, measures water inlet conductivity and water outlet conductivity respectively.
4. high temperature and high pressure steam mass dryness fraction on-line monitoring method as claimed in claim 3, which is characterized in that the high temperature and pressure is steamed
It is as follows that the steam quality of vapour mass dryness fraction on-line monitoring method calculates formula:
V=(A2-A1)/A2；
Wherein, V is outlet steam quality, and A1 is water inlet steam conductivity；A2 is water outlet steam conductivity；
The A1 measured and A2 must be transformed at identical temperature when measuring, specific as follows:
A1=K1*Q1；
Q22=Q2*f (T1, T2)；
A2=K2*Q22；
V=(A2-A1)/A2=1- (K1*Q1)/(K2*f (Q2, T1, T2))=1-K1/K2* (Q1/f (Q2, T1, T2))；
Wherein, K1 is water inlet electrode shape parameter, and Q1 is water inlet conductance, and T1 is water inlet temperature；K2 is water outlet electrode
Form parameter, Q2 are water outlet conductance, and Q22 is the water outlet conductance at a temperature of switching to for water inlet, and T2 is outlet temperature；Note
M=K1/K2, M are relative shape parameter.
5. high temperature and high pressure steam mass dryness fraction on-line monitoring method as claimed in claim 3, which is characterized in that the high temperature and pressure is steamed
Vapour mass dryness fraction on-line monitoring method determines that relative shape parameter M is specifically included:
So that inlet and outlet electrode is flowed into identical electrolyte solution medium at the same temperature, measure the conductivity Q1 of two electrodes,
Q2；Relative shape parameter M calculates as follows:
M=k1/k2=Q2/Q1.
6. high temperature and high pressure steam mass dryness fraction on-line monitoring method as claimed in claim 3, which is characterized in that the high temperature and pressure is steamed
Vapour mass dryness fraction on-line monitoring method determines that temperature change relationship f (T) is specifically included: exit electrodes being allowed to flow into certain electrolyte solution Jie
Matter controls medium temperature, records and exports conductivity Q2 and temperature T2 corresponding points (Q2i, T2i), i=0 ... N under different temperatures；
It is fitted (Qi/Q0, Ti).
7. high temperature and high pressure steam mass dryness fraction on-line monitoring method as claimed in claim 3, which is characterized in that the high temperature and pressure is steamed
The on-line measurement steam quality of vapour mass dryness fraction on-line monitoring method specifically includes: according to process connecting pipeline, passing through throttle valve control
Export pipeline water-flowing amount guarantees that outlet line temperature and suction line temperature differ substantially and is no more than 10 DEG C；It is surveyed by conductivity meter
Amount inlet and outlet conductivity, brings formula into and calculates the steam quality formed in real time.
8. a kind of high-temperature steam using high temperature and high pressure steam mass dryness fraction on-line monitoring system described in claim 1~2 any one
Generator.
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| CN111007112A (en) * | 2019-10-24 | 2020-04-14 | 上海交通大学 | System and method for online measurement of steam humidity based on conductivity method |
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