CN111007112B - System and method for online measurement of steam humidity based on conductivity method - Google Patents
System and method for online measurement of steam humidity based on conductivity method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种基于电导率法的在线测量蒸汽湿度的系统及方法,蒸汽发生器的蒸汽出口与汽水分离器的蒸汽入口连接,汽水分离器的循环水出口通过再循环水管与蒸汽发生器的进水口连接,其中,系统包括与汽水分离器的蒸汽出口连接的蒸汽取样系统、与再循环水管连接的再循环水取样系统和测量系统,测量系统包括电连接的电导率仪和仪控终端,所述电导率仪分别用于测量所述冷凝水收集容器内的冷凝水的电导率和所述冷却水收集容器内的再循环水的电导率,所述电导率仪将所测量的数据输送至所述仪控终端,所述仪控终端对数据进行处理以得到蒸汽湿度。本发明原理简单,操作方便,能够对高温高压蒸汽湿度进行在线测量,有效地提高了蒸汽湿度测量的准确性。
The invention relates to a system and method for on-line measurement of steam humidity based on conductivity method. The water inlet is connected, wherein the system includes a steam sampling system connected with the steam outlet of the steam-water separator, a recirculating water sampling system and a measuring system connected with the recirculating water pipe, and the measuring system includes an electrical conductivity meter and an instrument control terminal connected electrically, The conductivity meter is used to measure the conductivity of the condensed water in the condensed water collection container and the conductivity of the recirculated water in the cooling water collection container, respectively, and the conductivity meter transmits the measured data to The instrument control terminal, the instrument control terminal processes the data to obtain the steam humidity. The invention is simple in principle and convenient in operation, can measure the humidity of high temperature and high pressure steam on-line, and effectively improves the accuracy of steam humidity measurement.
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明涉及蒸汽湿度测量技术领域,特别涉及一种基于电导率法的在线测量蒸汽湿度的系统及方法。The invention relates to the technical field of steam humidity measurement, in particular to a system and method for on-line measurement of steam humidity based on a conductivity method.
背景技术Background technique
蒸汽发生器出口的蒸汽湿度是核电站运行过程中的关键参数,其大小直接影响核电系统的安全高效运行。汽水分离器能够对蒸汽发生器中的湿饱和蒸汽进行有效除湿,可极大提高蒸汽发生器出口的蒸汽品质,是核电站运行中的关键设备。The steam humidity at the outlet of the steam generator is a key parameter during the operation of the nuclear power plant, and its size directly affects the safe and efficient operation of the nuclear power system. The steam-water separator can effectively dehumidify the wet saturated steam in the steam generator, which can greatly improve the steam quality of the steam generator outlet. It is the key equipment in the operation of the nuclear power plant.
在汽水分离器的研制过程中需要对其性能进行验证试验,汽水分离器出口的蒸汽湿度是评价其工作性能的重要指标。常见的蒸汽湿度测量方法包括节流法、加热法、示踪剂法等,其中节流法试验比较方便,使用简单,但是无法测量计算节流过程中的热损失,误差较大;加热法的加热器加工工艺复杂,且加热过程中热损失无法准确计算,误差较大;示踪剂法是目前核电站蒸汽湿度的主流测量方法,测量技术成熟,测量精度高,但无法做到在线测量,无法为核电站运行管理提供实时有效的蒸汽湿度数据。During the development of the steam-water separator, it is necessary to carry out a verification test for its performance. The steam humidity at the outlet of the steam-water separator is an important indicator for evaluating its performance. Common steam humidity measurement methods include throttling method, heating method, tracer method, etc. Among them, the throttling method test is more convenient and easy to use, but it cannot measure and calculate the heat loss during the throttling process, and the error is large; The heater processing technology is complex, and the heat loss in the heating process cannot be accurately calculated, and the error is large; the tracer method is the mainstream measurement method of steam humidity in nuclear power plants at present, the measurement technology is mature, and the measurement accuracy is high, but it cannot be measured online. Provide real-time and effective steam humidity data for nuclear power plant operation management.
发明内容SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
本发明的目的在于提供一种基于电导率法的在线测量蒸汽湿度的系统及方法,本发明原理简单,操作方便,能够对高温高压蒸汽湿度进行在线测量,有效地提高了蒸汽湿度测量的准确性。The purpose of the present invention is to provide a system and method for measuring steam humidity on-line based on the conductivity method. The present invention is simple in principle, easy to operate, can measure the humidity of high-temperature and high-pressure steam on-line, and effectively improves the accuracy of steam humidity measurement. .
为了解决上述问题,本发明提供了一种基于电导率法的在线测量蒸汽湿度的系统,蒸汽发生器的蒸汽出口与汽水分离器的蒸汽入口连接,汽水分离器的循环水出口通过再循环水管与蒸汽发生器的进水口连接,所述系统包括:In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a system for measuring the humidity of steam on-line based on the conductivity method. The water inlet of the steam generator is connected, and the system includes:
蒸汽取样系统,其与汽水分离器的蒸汽出口连接;所述蒸汽取样系统包括通过管线依次连接的蒸汽取样装置、冷凝装置和冷凝水收集容器,所述蒸汽取样装置连通在汽水分离器的蒸汽出口管道上,从汽水分离器分离出来的蒸汽经所述冷凝装置冷凝后变成冷凝水并收集至所述冷凝水收集容器内;A steam sampling system, which is connected with the steam outlet of the steam-water separator; the steam sampling system includes a steam sampling device, a condensing device and a condensed water collection container connected in sequence through pipelines, and the steam sampling device is connected to the steam outlet of the steam-water separator On the pipeline, the steam separated from the steam-water separator is condensed by the condensation device and becomes condensed water and collected into the condensed water collection container;
再循环水取样系统,其与所述再循环水管连接,所述再循环水取样系统包括通过管线依次连接的再循环水取样装置、冷却装置和冷却水收集容器,所述再循环水取样装置连通在所述再循环水管上,所述循环水经所述冷却装置冷却后收集至所述冷却水收集容器内;A recirculating water sampling system, which is connected to the recirculating water pipe, the recirculating water sampling system includes a recirculating water sampling device, a cooling device and a cooling water collection container connected in sequence through a pipeline, and the recirculating water sampling device is in communication On the recirculating water pipe, the circulating water is collected into the cooling water collection container after being cooled by the cooling device;
测量系统,其包括电连接的电导率仪和仪控终端,所述电导率仪分别用于测量所述冷凝水收集容器内的冷凝水的电导率和所述冷却水收集容器内的再循环水的电导率,所述电导率仪将所测量的数据输送至所述仪控终端,所述仪控终端对数据进行处理以得到蒸汽湿度。A measurement system comprising an electrical conductivity meter and an instrument control terminal that are electrically connected, the conductivity meters are respectively used to measure the conductivity of the condensed water in the condensed water collection container and the recirculated water in the cooling water collection container The conductivity meter transmits the measured data to the instrument control terminal, and the instrument control terminal processes the data to obtain the steam humidity.
较佳的,所述蒸汽取样装置与冷凝装置之间依次设有第一截止阀和第一减压阀,所述冷凝装置和冷凝水收集容器之间依次设有第一电动调节阀和流量计,所述冷凝水收集容器的下端设置一第二电动调节阀;Preferably, a first shut-off valve and a first pressure reducing valve are arranged between the steam sampling device and the condensing device in sequence, and a first electric regulating valve and a flowmeter are arranged between the condensing device and the condensed water collection container in sequence. , the lower end of the condensed water collection container is provided with a second electric regulating valve;
所述再循环水取样装置与冷却装置之间依次设有第二截止阀和第二减压阀,所述冷却装置和冷却水收集容器之间设有第三电动调节阀,所述冷却水收集容器的下端还设置一第四电动调节阀;A second shut-off valve and a second pressure reducing valve are arranged between the recirculating water sampling device and the cooling device in sequence, and a third electric regulating valve is arranged between the cooling device and the cooling water collection container, and the cooling water is collected A fourth electric regulating valve is also arranged at the lower end of the container;
所述仪控终端分别与所述第一电动调节阀、第二电动调节阀、流量计、第三电动调节阀和第四电动调节阀电连接。The instrument control terminal is respectively electrically connected with the first electric regulating valve, the second electric regulating valve, the flow meter, the third electric regulating valve and the fourth electric regulating valve.
较佳的,所述流量计为质量流量计。Preferably, the flowmeter is a mass flowmeter.
较佳的,所述蒸汽取样装置包括取样管和接管座,所述接管座同轴固套在所述取样管上,所述接管座固定在所述汽水分离器的蒸汽出口管道的外壁上;Preferably, the steam sampling device comprises a sampling pipe and a socket socket, the socket socket is coaxially fixed on the sampling pipe, and the socket socket is fixed on the outer wall of the steam outlet pipe of the steam-water separator;
所述取样管的一端穿过所述蒸汽出口管道的管壁并伸入至管内,在管内,所述取样管的端部呈楔形;所述取样管迎着蒸汽的来流方向,且楔形端部位于蒸汽出口管道的中心轴线上。One end of the sampling pipe passes through the pipe wall of the steam outlet pipe and extends into the pipe. In the pipe, the end of the sampling pipe is wedge-shaped; the sampling pipe faces the inflow direction of the steam, and the wedge-shaped end The part is located on the central axis of the steam outlet pipe.
较佳的,所述再循环水管上设置一开孔;Preferably, an opening is provided on the recirculating water pipe;
所述再循环水取样装置包括一取水管,所述取水管连接在此开孔上,所述冷却装置通过所述取水管与所述再循环水管连通。The recirculating water sampling device includes a water intake pipe, the water intake pipe is connected to the opening, and the cooling device communicates with the recirculation water pipe through the water intake pipe.
较佳的,所述电导率仪包括主机以及与主机电连接的第一路测量端和第二路测量端,所述主机与所述仪控终端电连接;所述第一路测量端包括第一电导电极、第一电导探针、第一温度传感器和第一数据采集器,所述第一电导电极固定在所述冷凝水收集容器内,所述第一电导探针与所述第一电导电极固定连接,所述第一温度传感器和第一数据采集器均与所述主机电连接;Preferably, the conductivity meter includes a main unit, a first measurement terminal and a second measurement terminal that are electrically connected to the main unit, and the main unit is electrically connected to the instrument control terminal; the first measurement terminal includes a first measurement terminal. A conductance electrode, a first conductance probe, a first temperature sensor and a first data collector, the first conductance electrode is fixed in the condensed water collection container, the first conductance probe is connected to the first conductance The electrodes are fixedly connected, and both the first temperature sensor and the first data collector are electrically connected to the host;
所述第二路测量端包括第二电导电极、第二电导探针、第二温度传感器和第二数据采集器,所述第二电导电极固定在所述冷却水收集容器内,所述第二电导探针与所述第二电导电极固定连接,所述第二温度传感器和第二数据采集器均与所述主机电连接。The second measurement end includes a second conductance electrode, a second conductance probe, a second temperature sensor and a second data collector, the second conductance electrode is fixed in the cooling water collection container, and the second conductance electrode is fixed in the cooling water collection container. The conductance probe is fixedly connected to the second conductance electrode, and the second temperature sensor and the second data collector are both electrically connected to the host.
较佳的,所述冷凝装置和冷却装置均为蛇形管式换热器。Preferably, the condensing device and the cooling device are both serpentine heat exchangers.
较佳的,所述冷凝水收集容器和冷却水收集容器均为密闭的金属容器。Preferably, the condensed water collection container and the cooling water collection container are both closed metal containers.
较佳的,所述冷凝水收集容器和冷却水收集容器的材质均为304不锈钢。Preferably, the condensed water collection container and the cooling water collection container are made of 304 stainless steel.
本实施例还提供一种基于电导率法的在线测量蒸汽湿度的方法,使用如上述实施例所述的系统,包括以下几个步骤:This embodiment also provides a method for measuring steam humidity on-line based on the conductivity method, using the system described in the above-mentioned embodiment, including the following steps:
步骤一,在测量之前向再循环水中加入碳酸钾;
步骤二,通过电导率仪分别测量汽水分离器分离出来的蒸汽的冷凝水的电导率和再循环水的电导率;
步骤三,仪控终端将上述两个电导率进行比较,得出蒸汽湿度。
较佳的,在步骤二中,所述电导率仪示数稳定后,此时测得的蒸汽湿度与汽水分离器的蒸汽出口管道内的蒸汽湿度一致。Preferably, in
较佳的,在步骤一中,通过标定得到碳酸钾水溶液的电导率与浓度的关系曲线;Preferably, in
在步骤三中,通过下式得到蒸汽湿度:In
式中:Mst:湿蒸汽质量流量,单位为t/h,通过设置在汽水分离器的蒸汽出口管道内的流量计测得,此流量计与仪控终端电连接;In the formula: M st : mass flow rate of wet steam, the unit is t/h, measured by the flow meter set in the steam outlet pipe of the steam-water separator, and this flow meter is electrically connected to the instrument control terminal;
Mm:蒸汽携带水分质量流量,单位为t/h,通过蒸汽取样系统中的流量计测得,此流量计与仪控终端电连接;M m : the mass flow rate of water carried by the steam, the unit is t/h, measured by the flow meter in the steam sampling system, and the flow meter is electrically connected to the instrument control terminal;
Sfw:湿蒸汽示踪元素的浓度,单位为mg/kg,通过电导率仪得到电导率,根据电导率与浓度的关系曲线得到此浓度;S fw : the concentration of the wet steam tracer element, the unit is mg/kg, the conductivity is obtained by the conductivity meter, and this concentration is obtained according to the relationship curve of the conductivity and the concentration;
Sc:再循环水示踪元素的浓度,单位为mg/kg,通过电导率仪得到电导率,根据电导率与浓度的关系曲线得到此浓度;S c : the concentration of the recirculating water tracer element, the unit is mg/kg, the conductivity is obtained by the conductivity meter, and the concentration is obtained according to the relationship curve of the conductivity and the concentration;
ω:蒸汽湿度,%。ω: Steam humidity, %.
与现有技术相比,本发明存在以下技术效果:Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following technical effects:
1、本发明适用于高温高压蒸汽湿度测量场所,能够实现蒸汽湿度的实时在线测量,且测量原理简单、装置加工工艺容易实现,测量精度高。本发明原理简单,操作方便,能够对高温高压蒸汽湿度进行在线测量,有效地提高了蒸汽湿度测量的实时性和准确性。1. The present invention is suitable for high-temperature and high-pressure steam humidity measurement places, and can realize real-time online measurement of steam humidity, and the measurement principle is simple, the device processing technology is easy to implement, and the measurement accuracy is high. The invention is simple in principle and convenient in operation, can measure the humidity of high-temperature and high-pressure steam on-line, and effectively improves the real-time performance and accuracy of steam humidity measurement.
2、本发明设计了蒸汽取样装置,能够确保取样管始终处于迎流状态,并且通过质量守恒法来保证蒸汽的等速取样。2. The present invention designs a steam sampling device, which can ensure that the sampling pipe is always in an upstream state, and the isokinetic sampling of steam is ensured by the mass conservation method.
当然,实施本发明的任一产品并不一定需要同时达到以上所述的所有优点。Of course, it is not necessary for any product embodying the present invention to achieve all of the above-described advantages simultaneously.
附图说明Description of drawings
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例的技术方案,下面将对实施例描述中所需要使用的附图作简单的介绍,显而易见,下面描述中的附图仅仅是本发明的一些实施例,对于本领域技术人员来讲,在不付出创造性劳动的前提下,还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。附图中:In order to illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention more clearly, the following briefly introduces the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can also be obtained from these drawings without any creative effort. In the attached picture:
图1为本发明的优选实施例提供的一种基于电导率法的在线测量蒸汽湿度的系统的结构示意图;1 is a schematic structural diagram of a system for on-line measurement of steam humidity based on a conductivity method provided by a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
图2为本发明的优选实施例提供的蒸汽取样装置的安装结构示意图。FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the installation structure of the steam sampling device provided by the preferred embodiment of the present invention.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
以下将结合图1至图2对本发明提供的一种基于电导率法的在线测量蒸汽湿度的系统进行详细的描述,本实施例在以本发明技术方案为前提下进行实施,给出了详细的实施方式和具体的操作过程,但本发明的保护范围不限于下述的实施例,本领域技术人员在不改变本发明精神和内容的范围内,能够对其进行修改和润色。A system for online measurement of steam humidity based on conductivity method provided by the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to FIGS. 1 to 2 . This embodiment is implemented on the premise of the technical solution of the present invention, and a detailed Embodiments and specific operation process, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the following examples, those skilled in the art can modify and modify it within the scope of not changing the spirit and content of the present invention.
蒸汽发生器的蒸汽出口与汽水分离器的蒸汽入口通过管道连接。在汽水分离器中,汽水分离器会分离出干净的蒸汽和用于再次循环使用的冷凝水,因此,此冷凝水又称为循环水,此循环水经汽水分离器的循环水出口(也称冷凝水出口)排出,在本发明中,此汽水分离器的循环水出口与蒸汽发生器的进水口通过一再循环水管连接。The steam outlet of the steam generator is connected with the steam inlet of the steam-water separator through pipes. In the steam-water separator, the steam-water separator will separate clean steam and condensed water for reuse. Therefore, this condensed water is also called circulating water, which passes through the circulating water outlet of the steam-water separator (also called the circulating water outlet). In the present invention, the circulating water outlet of the steam-water separator is connected with the water inlet of the steam generator through a recirculating water pipe.
请参考图1,本发明提供一种基于电导率法的在线测量蒸汽湿度的系统,此系统包括:Please refer to FIG. 1 , the present invention provides a system for measuring steam humidity on-line based on conductivity method, the system includes:
蒸汽取样系统1,其与汽水分离器的蒸汽出口连接;所述蒸汽取样系统1包括通过管线依次连接的蒸汽取样装置11、冷凝装置14和冷凝水收集容器17,所述蒸汽取样装置11用于采取经汽水分离器分离出来的蒸汽,即此蒸汽取样装置11连通在汽水分离器的蒸汽出口管道上,所述蒸汽经所述冷凝装置14冷凝后变成冷凝水并收集至所述冷凝水收集容器17内;A
再循环水取样系统2,其与所述再循环水管连接,所述再循环水取样系统2包括通过管线依次连接的再循环水取样装置21、冷却装置24和冷却水收集容器26,所述再循环水取样装置21用于取得经所述汽水分离器分离出来的循环水,即此再循环水取样装置21连通在再循环水管上,所述循环水经所述冷却装置24冷却后收集至所述冷却水收集容器26内;Recirculating
测量系统3,其包括电连接的电导率仪31和仪控终端32,所述电导率仪31分别用于测量所述冷凝水收集容器17内的冷凝水的电导率和所述冷却水收集容器26内的再循环水的电导率,所述电导率仪31将所测量的数据输送至所述仪控终端32,所述仪控终端32对数据进行处理以得到蒸汽湿度。A
进一步的,汽水分离器的蒸汽出口管道内设有第一流量计,所述蒸汽取样装置11与冷凝装置14之间依次设有第一截止阀12和第一减压阀13,所述冷凝装置14和冷凝水收集容器17之间依次设有第一电动调节阀15和第二流量计16,所述冷凝水收集容器17的下端还设置一第二电动调节阀18;Further, a first flow meter is provided in the steam outlet pipeline of the steam-water separator, a
所述再循环水取样装置21与冷却装置24之间依次设有第二截止阀22和第二减压阀23,所述冷却装置24和冷却水收集容器26之间设有第三电动调节阀25,所述冷却水收集容器26的下端还设置一第四电动调节阀;A second shut-off
所述仪控终端32分别与所述第一电动调节阀15、第二电动调节阀18、第二流量计16、第三电动调节阀25和第四电动调节阀27电连接。The
第一减压阀13可以将系统内的压力降低至冷凝装置14的工作压力,第二减压阀23可以将系统内的压力降低至冷却装置24的工作压力。The first
冷凝装置14和冷却装置24均为蛇形管式换热器。Both the condensing
所述冷凝水收集容器17和冷却水收集容器26均为密闭的金属容器,优选材质均为304不锈钢,可以有效的地隔绝空气,消除空气对冷凝水和冷却水电导率的影响。The condensed
上述所述的第一流量计和第二流量计16均优选为质量流量计,通过流量计的示数来判断蒸汽取样是否达到了等速取样。The first flowmeter and the
仪控终端32包括控制处理单元和显示单元,如电脑等。The
请参考图2,所述蒸汽取样装置11包括取样管111和接管座112,所述接管座112同轴固套在所述取样管111上,所述接管座112固定在所述汽水分离器的蒸汽出口管道4的外壁上;Please refer to FIG. 2 , the
所述取样管111的一端穿过所述蒸汽出口管道4的管壁并伸入至管内,在管内,所述取样管111的端部呈楔形;所述取样管111迎着蒸汽的来流方向,且楔形端部位于蒸汽出口管道4的中心轴线上,通过上述结构,能够最大限度地减少取样管111对蒸汽管道内流场的影响,管道内流动的蒸汽能够水平地进入取样管111,不与管道内壁发生碰撞。所述取样管111的另一端通过管道与冷凝装置14连接,第一截止阀12和第一减压阀13设置在此管道上。One end of the
在本实施例中,蒸汽取样装置11优选为可拆卸结构。In this embodiment, the
在本实施例中,所述再循环水管上设置一开孔,此开孔开设在再循环水管的管壁上;所述再循环水取样装置包括一取水管,所述取水管同轴固定在一管套内,此管套的外管壁与此开孔的内侧密封连接,防止水泄露;冷却装置24通过此取水管与再循环水管连通。In this embodiment, an opening is set on the recirculating water pipe, and the opening is opened on the pipe wall of the recirculating water pipe; the recirculating water sampling device includes a water intake pipe, and the water intake pipe is coaxially fixed on the pipe wall. In a pipe sleeve, the outer pipe wall of the pipe sleeve is sealedly connected with the inner side of the opening to prevent water leakage; the
在本实施例中,电导率仪31为多量程仪器,所述电导率仪31包括主机以及与主机电连接的第一路测量端和第二路测量端,所述主机与所述仪控终端32电连接;所述第一路测量端包括第一电导电极、第一电导探针、第一温度传感器和第一数据采集器,所述第一电导电极固定在所述冷凝水收集容器17内,所述第一电导探针与所述第一电导电极固定连接,所述第一温度传感器和第一数据采集器均与所述主机电连接;In this embodiment, the
所述第二路测量端包括第二电导电极、第二电导探针、第二温度传感器和第二数据采集器,所述第二电导电极固定在所述冷却水收集容器26内,所述第二电导探针与所述第二电导电极固定连接,所述第二温度传感器和第二数据采集器均与所述主机电连接。The second measurement end includes a second conductance electrode, a second conductance probe, a second temperature sensor and a second data collector, the second conductance electrode is fixed in the cooling
温度传感器的目的是能够对溶液的电导率进行温度补偿。电导率的大小与电解质在水中的离解度及离子的迁移速度有密切的关系,而离解度及迁移速度又与溶液的温度有关。温度升高,溶液的电导率增加,反之,则电导率减小。为了克服温度的影响,使不同溶液在不同温度下的电导率具有可比性,在测定电导率时,公认以25℃作为基准温度,当溶液温度不为25℃时,就进行温度补偿,补偿至25℃时的电导率。The purpose of the temperature sensor is to enable temperature compensation of the conductivity of the solution. The size of the conductivity is closely related to the dissociation degree of the electrolyte in water and the migration speed of the ions, and the dissociation degree and the migration speed are related to the temperature of the solution. As the temperature increases, the conductivity of the solution increases, and vice versa, the conductivity decreases. In order to overcome the influence of temperature and make the conductivity of different solutions comparable at different temperatures, it is recognized that 25 °C is used as the reference temperature when measuring the conductivity. When the solution temperature is not 25 °C, temperature compensation is performed to compensate to Conductivity at 25°C.
本系统的测量原理如下:The measurement principle of this system is as follows:
碳酸钾水溶液的电导率与溶液中碳酸钾的浓度具有一定的比例关系,通过标定可以得到电导率与浓度的关系曲线;另外,在理想状态下,纯蒸汽冷凝后即为纯水,电导率几乎为零,但实际工况下蒸汽会携带一定量含有导电物质的液滴流向下游,使得蒸汽冷凝后形成的冷凝水具有一定的电导率。因此,在测量之前向再循环水中加入一定质量的碳酸钾,通过计算得到再循环水中碳酸钾的浓度Sc,然后通过测量取样蒸汽冷凝水的电导率得到湿蒸汽中碳酸钾的浓度Sfw,通过下式得到蒸汽湿度:The conductivity of the potassium carbonate aqueous solution has a certain proportional relationship with the concentration of potassium carbonate in the solution. The relationship between the conductivity and the concentration can be obtained by calibration. In addition, in an ideal state, pure water is pure water after condensation of pure steam, and the conductivity is almost is zero, but under actual working conditions, the steam will carry a certain amount of droplets containing conductive substances and flow downstream, so that the condensed water formed after the steam condenses has a certain conductivity. Therefore, a certain mass of potassium carbonate is added to the recirculating water before the measurement, the concentration S c of potassium carbonate in the recirculating water is obtained by calculation, and then the concentration S fw of potassium carbonate in the wet steam is obtained by measuring the conductivity of the condensed water of the sampled steam, The steam humidity is obtained by:
式中:Mst:湿蒸汽质量流量,单位为t/h,通过设置在汽水分离器的蒸汽出口管道内的第一流量计测得,此第一流量计与仪控终端32电连接;In the formula: M st : wet steam mass flow, the unit is t/h, measured by the first flow meter arranged in the steam outlet pipeline of the steam-water separator, and this first flow meter is electrically connected with the
Mm:蒸汽携带水分质量流量,单位为t/h,通过蒸汽取样系统1中的第二流量计测得,此第二流量计与仪控终端32电连接;M m : the mass flow rate of water carried by the steam, in units of t/h, measured by the second flow meter in the
Sfw:湿蒸汽示踪元素的浓度,单位为mg/kg,通过电导率仪31得到电导率,根据电导率与浓度的关系曲线得到此浓度;S fw : the concentration of the wet steam tracer element, the unit is mg/kg, the conductivity is obtained by the
Sc:再循环水示踪元素的浓度,单位为mg/kg,通过电导率仪31得到电导率,根据电导率与浓度的关系曲线得到此浓度;S c : the concentration of the recirculating water tracer element, the unit is mg/kg, the conductivity is obtained by the
ω:蒸汽湿度,%。ω: Steam humidity, %.
一种基于电导率法的在线测量蒸汽湿度的方法,此方法使用上述的系统,包括以下几个步骤:A method for measuring steam humidity on-line based on conductivity method, this method uses the above-mentioned system, and includes the following steps:
步骤一,通过标定得到碳酸钾水溶液电导率与质量浓度的关系式;
步骤二,向再循环水中加入一定质量的碳酸钾,将水中碳酸钾浓度控制在允许值;
步骤三,调节第一截止阀12和第二减压阀23,将冷凝装置14的入口压力调至冷凝装置14的工作压力;
调节冷凝装置14的冷凝水流量,保证进入蒸汽取样系统1的蒸汽全部冷凝至接近常温的冷凝水;Adjust the condensed water flow of the condensing
通过观察第二流量计16的示数来调节第一电动调节阀15和第二电动调节阀18,保证取蒸汽的取样管111内蒸汽流速与汽水分离器的蒸汽出口管道内蒸汽流速一致,同时冷凝水收集容器17中的液位稳定且淹没第一电导电极;Adjust the first
调节第二截止阀22和第二减压阀23,将冷却装置24的入口压力调至冷却装置24的工作压力;Adjust the second shut-off
调节冷却装置24的冷却水流量,保证进入再循环水取样系统2的再循环水全部降温至接近常温的水;Adjust the cooling water flow of the
调节第三电动调节阀25和第四电动调节阀27,保证再循环水缓缓流入冷却水收集容器26,且液位稳定并淹没第二电导电极;Adjust the third
步骤四,电导率仪31示数稳定后冷凝水收集容器17和冷却水收集容器26中的水置换完成,此时测得的蒸汽湿度与主蒸汽管道内蒸汽湿度一致;Step 4, after the
步骤五,仪控终端32对电导率仪31测得的蒸汽冷凝水和再循环水的电导率进行处理,得到蒸汽湿度ωIn step 5, the
式中:Mst:湿蒸汽质量流量,单位为t/h,通过设置在汽水分离器的蒸汽出口管道内的第一流量计测得,第一流量计与仪控终端32电连接;In the formula: M st : the mass flow rate of wet steam, the unit is t/h, measured by the first flow meter arranged in the steam outlet pipeline of the steam-water separator, and the first flow meter is electrically connected with the
Mm:蒸汽携带水分质量流量,单位为t/h,通过蒸汽取样系统1中的第二流量计16测得,此第二流量计16与仪控终端32电连接;M m : the mass flow rate of water carried by the steam, in units of t/h, measured by the
Sfw:湿蒸汽示踪元素的浓度,单位为mg/kg,通过电导率仪31得到电导率,根据电导率与浓度的关系曲线得到此浓度;S fw : the concentration of the wet steam tracer element, the unit is mg/kg, the conductivity is obtained by the
Sc:再循环水示踪元素的浓度,单位为mg/kg,通过电导率仪31得到电导率,根据电导率与浓度的关系曲线得到此浓度;S c : the concentration of the recirculating water tracer element, the unit is mg/kg, the conductivity is obtained by the
ω:蒸汽湿度,%。ω: Steam humidity, %.
以上公开的仅为本申请的一个具体实施例,但本申请并非局限于此,任何本领域的技术人员能思之的变化,都应落在本申请的保护范围内。The above disclosure is only a specific embodiment of the present application, but the present application is not limited thereto, and any changes that can be conceived by those skilled in the art should fall within the protection scope of the present application.
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