CN110057413A - Flow measurement device and its method based on dynamic grid - Google Patents
Flow measurement device and its method based on dynamic grid Download PDFInfo
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- CN110057413A CN110057413A CN201910107685.2A CN201910107685A CN110057413A CN 110057413 A CN110057413 A CN 110057413A CN 201910107685 A CN201910107685 A CN 201910107685A CN 110057413 A CN110057413 A CN 110057413A
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- 238000012806 monitoring device Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000000691 measurement method Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000008054 signal transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000010865 sewage Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002262 irrigation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003973 irrigation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002604 ultrasonography Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01F—MEASURING VOLUME, VOLUME FLOW, MASS FLOW OR LIQUID LEVEL; METERING BY VOLUME
- G01F1/00—Measuring the volume flow or mass flow of fluid or fluent solid material wherein the fluid passes through a meter in a continuous flow
- G01F1/002—Measuring the volume flow or mass flow of fluid or fluent solid material wherein the fluid passes through a meter in a continuous flow wherein the flow is in an open channel
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01F—MEASURING VOLUME, VOLUME FLOW, MASS FLOW OR LIQUID LEVEL; METERING BY VOLUME
- G01F1/00—Measuring the volume flow or mass flow of fluid or fluent solid material wherein the fluid passes through a meter in a continuous flow
- G01F1/66—Measuring the volume flow or mass flow of fluid or fluent solid material wherein the fluid passes through a meter in a continuous flow by measuring frequency, phase shift or propagation time of electromagnetic or other waves, e.g. using ultrasonic flowmeters
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A90/00—Technologies having an indirect contribution to adaptation to climate change
- Y02A90/30—Assessment of water resources
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Measuring Volume Flow (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to middle-size and small-size open channel flow rate fields of measurement, it is flow measurement device and its method based on dynamic grid, solves the problems, such as big without flow velocity method measurement error in the prior art.The present invention includes being respectively arranged at the ultrasonic transducer group of open channel two sides to be measured, microcontroller, water level monitoring device, apparatus for automatically lifting；Ultrasonic transducer is provided on the apparatus for automatically lifting；The ultrasonic transducer group, water-level detecting device and apparatus for automatically lifting are separately connected microcontroller.A kind of flow measurement device and its method based on dynamic grid disclosed by the invention is based on the flow-measuring method of dynamic grid by region division grid to be measured, dynamic adjusts the size and quantity of grid, pass through algorithm for reconstructing, the mean flow rate for rebuilding the flow velocity in each grid improves the precision of flow relocity calculation；It is called and is calculated by more ultrasonic transducer routes to the apparent region of change rate or grid, further increase the raising of flow velocity precision.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of flow measurement of small and medium-sized open channels, in particular to a flow measurement device and a flow measurement method based on a dynamic grid.
Background
The open channel flow measurement system is suitable for measuring the flow of rectangular and trapezoidal open channels and culverts such as reservoirs, rivers, hydraulic engineering, urban water supply, sewage treatment, farmland irrigation, water administration water resources and the like.
The existing open channel flow measurement methods such as radar wave flow meters, ultrasonic open channel flow meters, acoustic Doppler open channel measurement instruments and other water measurement technologies mostly adopt a point flow velocity method, one point or a plurality of points represent the flow velocity of layers, and the approximate flow velocity of water flow is calculated according to the velocity of each layer, so that the precision is very low, and the development of the open channel flow meter with low cost, high precision, convenient operation and simple structure has important practical significance for reasonably utilizing water resources and treating sewage.
The flow state of the open channel is very complicated, there are rapid flow, slow flow, turbulent flow, etc., and the flow state is also different in different positions of the same bedding plane, the existing method mostly adopts a point flow velocity method or a bedding plane average flow velocity method, i.e. the average flow velocity of the whole bedding plane is represented by the flow velocity of a limited measuring point, which is very inaccurate.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a flow measurement device and method based on a dynamic grid, and solves the problem of large measurement error of a point-free flow velocity method in the prior art.
The technical scheme of the invention is realized as follows: the flow measuring device based on the dynamic grid comprises ultrasonic transducer groups, a microcontroller, a water level monitoring device and an automatic lifting device, wherein the ultrasonic transducer groups are respectively arranged on two sides of an open channel to be measured, and are uniformly distributed in the depth direction of the open channel; the automatic lifting device is provided with an ultrasonic transducer; the automatic lifting device is arranged in the vertical direction of the ultrasonic transducer groups on the two sides of the open channel and is parallel to the water surface of the open channel; the ultrasonic transducer group, the water level detection device and the automatic lifting device are respectively connected with the microcontroller.
Furthermore, an ultrasonic transducer is arranged at the bottom of the open channel and is arranged in parallel with an ultrasonic transducer arranged on the automatic lifting device.
Furthermore, the number of the ultrasonic transducers arranged at the bottom of the automatic lifting device and the bottom of the open channel is not less than two.
Further, the device also comprises a communication device and a remote control device, wherein the communication device is connected with the microcontroller and the remote control device.
The invention discloses a flow measurement method based on a dynamic grid, which comprises the following steps: a, setting an ultrasonic transducer: ultrasonic transducer groups are respectively arranged on two sides of an open channel to be measured; arranging an automatic lifting device in the open channel, wherein the automatic lifting device is provided with an ultrasonic transducer; arranging a water level detection device; b, adjusting the position of the automatic lifting device: the water level is monitored by a water level monitoring device, and the automatic lifting device is controlled by a microcontroller, so that an ultrasonic transducer on the automatic lifting device is immersed in water; c, setting a dynamic grid: dynamically calling a flow field grid through a microcontroller according to an ultrasonic transducer immersed in water; d, flow field reconstruction: generating a flow field through the operation of a microcontroller; e, signal transmission: the signal is transmitted to the remote control device by the communication device.
Further, step a further includes arranging an ultrasonic transducer at the bottom of the open channel, parallel to the direction of the automatic lifting device.
Further, the step D is specifically to judge the change rate of the flow field, call the region where the change rate is obviously changed by the ultrasonic transducer, dynamically change the size and number of the mesh and call the ultrasonic transducer line, and realize the reconstruction of the flow field through an algorithm.
Further, the method also comprises the step F of monitoring in real time: repeating steps C, D and E, transmitting the real-time traffic field to the remote control device through the communication device; and the step F is arranged after the step E.
The invention discloses a flow measuring device and method based on dynamic grids, which divides a region to be measured into grids, dynamically adjusts the size and the number of the grids, reconstructs the average flow velocity of the flow velocity in each grid through a reconstruction algorithm, and improves the accuracy of flow velocity calculation; the flow speed accuracy is further improved by calling and calculating the lines of the multiple ultrasonic transducers in the area or the grid with obvious change rate.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1: an ultrasound transducer layout;
FIG. 2: dividing the sound wave transmission path and the grid;
FIG. 3: and dividing the transmission path of the sound wave and the grid into a graph after the sound wave is dynamically changed.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
As shown in an arrangement diagram of ultrasonic transducers in fig. 1, the flow measuring device based on the dynamic grid disclosed by the invention comprises ultrasonic transducer groups, a microcontroller, a water level monitoring device and an automatic lifting device, wherein the ultrasonic transducer groups are respectively arranged at two sides of an open channel to be measured, and are uniformly distributed in the depth direction of the open channel; the automatic lifting device is provided with an ultrasonic transducer; the automatic lifting device is arranged in the vertical direction of the ultrasonic transducer groups on the two sides of the open channel and is parallel to the water surface of the open channel; the ultrasonic transducer group, the water level detection device and the automatic lifting device are respectively connected with the microcontroller. The black dots represent ultrasonic transducers, the ultrasonic transducers 11,12 and 13 are placed on the automatic lifting device, the positions of the ultrasonic transducers 11,12 and 13 are changed, so that the size and the number of reconstruction areas and grids are dynamically changed, the transducers are determined by measuring the water level, the optimal path is used in a self-adaptive manner, and the purpose of quick reconstruction is achieved.
Furthermore, an ultrasonic transducer is arranged at the bottom of the open channel and is arranged in parallel with an ultrasonic transducer arranged on the automatic lifting device.
Furthermore, the number of the ultrasonic transducers arranged at the bottom of the automatic lifting device and the bottom of the open channel is not less than two.
Further, the device also comprises a communication device and a remote control device, wherein the communication device is connected with the microcontroller and the remote control device.
The invention discloses a flow measurement method based on a dynamic grid, which comprises the following steps: a, setting an ultrasonic transducer: ultrasonic transducer groups are respectively arranged on two sides of an open channel to be measured; arranging an automatic lifting device in the open channel, wherein the automatic lifting device is provided with an ultrasonic transducer; arranging a water level detection device; b, adjusting the position of the automatic lifting device: the water level is monitored by a water level monitoring device, and the automatic lifting device is controlled by a microcontroller, so that an ultrasonic transducer on the automatic lifting device is immersed in water; c, setting a dynamic grid: dynamically calling a flow field grid through a microcontroller according to an ultrasonic transducer immersed in water; d, flow field reconstruction: generating a flow field through the operation of a microcontroller; e, signal transmission: the signal is transmitted to the remote control device by the communication device.
Further, step a further includes arranging an ultrasonic transducer at the bottom of the open channel, parallel to the direction of the automatic lifting device.
Further, the step D is specifically to judge the change rate of the flow field, call the region where the change rate is obviously changed by the ultrasonic transducer, dynamically change the size and number of the mesh and call the ultrasonic transducer line, and realize the reconstruction of the flow field through an algorithm.
Further, the method also comprises the step F of monitoring in real time: repeating steps C, D and E, transmitting the real-time traffic field to the remote control device through the communication device; and the step F is arranged after the step E.
As shown in fig. 2, the sound wave transmission path diagram of the present invention divides the region to be measured into a plurality of small meshes, 6 × 6 meshes, i.e., dynamic meshes. As shown in the graph of dividing the acoustic transmission path and the mesh after the dynamic change in fig. 3, when the water level changes, the path of the ultrasonic wave and the number of meshes in the reconstruction region also change dynamically, and the arrangement mode can realize the measurement of the flow velocity of multiple meshes and accurately measure the real-time flow.
In the using process, when the water level is over the No. 1 and No. 6 ultrasonic transducers, all the ultrasonic waves are put into operation, and all the areas are rebuilt; when the water level is between the transducers 1 and 2, the transducers 1 and 6 are stopped, and the reconstruction area is changed into an area consisting of 2, 5, 10 and 7; the water level sequentially decreases and the number of reconstruction areas and grids is also sequentially reduced; similarly, the sludge is stopped from being used by the sludge height increasing parts 5 and 10, and the reconstruction area is correspondingly reduced to the area consisting of 1, 4, 9 and 6. Through the water level detection device, the reconstruction plane and the ultrasonic path are adjusted in real time to achieve accurate restoration of the two-dimensional flow velocity field.
The principle of ultrasonic two-dimensional flow measurement is as follows:
assuming that the distance from the sound wave emitting point A to the receiving point B is L (in m), the sound wave flight time delta t (in s) in the static water is
cABIs the average speed of sound (in m/s) of the sound wave on path AB. If there is a component v of the flow velocity in the direction of propagationABIf present, then there are
Wherein v isABThe component of the fluid velocity along path AB is given in m/s.
When the sound wave transmitting/receiving points are exchanged, the flying time (unit is s) from the point B to the point A is
Wherein v isABThe component of the fluid velocity along path AB is given in m/s.
If the two flight times are subtracted:
since the measured object is smaller than c by more than 3 orders of magnitude, the denominator is middleMay be omitted.
If the included angle between the acoustic wave flight path and the water flow direction is theta, w is v/cos theta, where w is the speed of the water flow
By LkiDenotes the length of the k-th path through the i-th trellis, wiRepresenting the average velocity of the sound wave in the first three-dimensional grid, the time difference of flight of the sound wave along the k-th path
The least squares method is to minimize the sum of the squares of the equations
AT·A·W＝AT·t
Wherein W ═ W1,...,wn)T，t＝(Δt1,...,Δtm)T，
Wherein,
wherein theta iskiIs the angle between the kth path in the ith grid and the water flow direction, and c is the sound wave velocity.
wnDl is the differential of the acoustic transmission path for the ith flow velocity.
W＝(AT·A)-1·AT·t
The water level is obtained by the water level measuring device, the size of the two-dimensional flow velocity field is adjusted and reconstructed in real time, the data of the two-dimensional flow velocity field is reconstructed in real time, and the final flow is
Wherein, wiRepresents the average flow velocity in the ith grid, SiDenotes the area of the ith mesh, n denotes the divided meshThe number of the grids.
The invention discloses a flow measuring device and method based on dynamic grids, which divides a region to be measured into grids, dynamically adjusts the size and the number of the grids, reconstructs the average flow velocity of the flow velocity in each grid through a reconstruction algorithm, and improves the accuracy of flow velocity calculation; the flow speed accuracy is further improved by calling and calculating the lines of the multiple ultrasonic transducers in the area or the grid with obvious change rate.
It is understood that various changes and modifications may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, and it is intended to cover in the appended claims all such changes and modifications.
Claims (8)
1. Flow measuring device based on dynamic net, including ultrasonic transducer group, ultrasonic transducer group sets up respectively in the open channel both sides of awaiting measuring, and ultrasonic transducer group evenly distributed is in open channel depth direction, its characterized in that: the water level monitoring device is characterized by also comprising a microcontroller for control and operation, a water level monitoring device and an automatic lifting device;
the automatic lifting device is provided with an ultrasonic transducer; the automatic lifting device is arranged in the vertical direction of the ultrasonic transducer groups on the two sides of the open channel and is parallel to the water surface of the open channel;
the ultrasonic transducer group, the water level detection device and the automatic lifting device are respectively connected with the microcontroller.
2. The dynamic mesh-based flow measurement device of claim 1, wherein: and the bottom of the open channel is also provided with an ultrasonic transducer which is arranged in parallel with the ultrasonic transducer arranged on the automatic lifting device.
3. The dynamic mesh-based flow measurement device of claim 2, wherein: the number of the ultrasonic transducers arranged at the bottom of the automatic lifting device and the bottom of the open channel is not less than two.
4. A dynamic mesh-based flow measurement device according to any one of claims 1-3, wherein: the remote control system also comprises a communication device and a remote control device, wherein the communication device is connected with the microcontroller and the remote control device.
5. The flow measuring method based on the dynamic grid is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
a, setting an ultrasonic transducer: ultrasonic transducer groups are respectively arranged on two sides of an open channel to be measured; arranging an automatic lifting device in the open channel, wherein the automatic lifting device is provided with an ultrasonic transducer;
arranging a water level detection device;
b, adjusting the position of the automatic lifting device: the water level is monitored by a water level monitoring device, and the automatic lifting device is controlled by a microcontroller, so that an ultrasonic transducer on the automatic lifting device is immersed in water;
c, setting a dynamic grid: dynamically calling a flow field grid through a microcontroller according to an ultrasonic transducer immersed in water;
d, flow field reconstruction: generating a flow field through the operation of a microcontroller;
e, signal transmission: the signal is transmitted to the remote control device by the communication device.
6. The dynamic mesh-based flow measurement method of claim 5, wherein: the step A also comprises arranging an ultrasonic transducer at the bottom of the open channel in a direction parallel to the automatic lifting device.
7. The dynamic mesh-based flow measurement method of claim 6, wherein: and D, specifically, judging the change rate of the flow field, calling an area with obvious change rate of the ultrasonic transducer, dynamically changing the size and the number of grids and calling the ultrasonic transducer lines, and realizing the reconstruction of the flow field through an algorithm.
8. The dynamic mesh-based flow measurement method of claim 6, wherein: the method also comprises the following steps of F real-time monitoring: repeating steps C, D and E, transmitting the real-time traffic field to the remote control device through the communication device;
and the step F is arranged after the step E.
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| CN201910107685.2A CN110057413B (en) | 2019-02-02 | 2019-02-02 | Flow measuring device and method based on dynamic grid |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN111089627A (en) * | 2019-12-23 | 2020-05-01 | 太原理工大学 | Multi-resolution open channel automatic flow measuring device based on area flow velocity method |
| CN111881599A (en) * | 2020-06-24 | 2020-11-03 | 江苏大学 | Flow measurement device and method based on finite element method |
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| CN111881599A (en) * | 2020-06-24 | 2020-11-03 | 江苏大学 | Flow measurement device and method based on finite element method |
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