CN105157771B - A kind of transit-time ultrasonic flow measuring method and device - Google Patents
A kind of transit-time ultrasonic flow measuring method and device Download PDFInfo
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- CN105157771B CN105157771B CN201510387517.5A CN201510387517A CN105157771B CN 105157771 B CN105157771 B CN 105157771B CN 201510387517 A CN201510387517 A CN 201510387517A CN 105157771 B CN105157771 B CN 105157771B
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 abstract description 31
- 230000006854 communication Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000000644 propagated effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 21
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 20
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012937 correction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002706 hydrostatic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01F—MEASURING VOLUME, VOLUME FLOW, MASS FLOW OR LIQUID LEVEL; METERING BY VOLUME
- G01F1/00—Measuring the volume flow or mass flow of fluid or fluent solid material wherein the fluid passes through a meter in a continuous flow
- G01F1/66—Measuring the volume flow or mass flow of fluid or fluent solid material wherein the fluid passes through a meter in a continuous flow by measuring frequency, phase shift or propagation time of electromagnetic or other waves, e.g. using ultrasonic flowmeters
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Abstract
A kind of transit-time ultrasonic flow measuring method and device, belong to a kind of flow-measuring method and device.The VELOCITY DISTRIBUTION of real fluid is relevant with fluidised form, and VELOCITY DISTRIBUTION during laminar flow on pipe cross section is rotary parabolic type, and VELOCITY DISTRIBUTION when turbulent on pipe cross section is boss type；Ultrasonic wave has just carried the information of rate of flow of fluid when being propagated in the fluid of flowing, detect the flow velocity of fluid by the ultrasonic wave can received, and be converted into flow；Transit time ultrasonic flow meters are exactly by measuring time difference of the ultrasonic beam in following current and adverse current communication process come the outflow that converts.To uniformly larger measurement error be produced when the flowing velocity on ultrasonic wave propagation path is assumed to be, the flow drawn according to the method for the present invention is then much more accurate.Advantage：Party's law theory is reliable, and device is simple, and method is reliable, and it is convenient to realize, measurement accuracy is high, and measurement result can be made to improve 5%~33%, is adapted to all ultrasonic flowmeters based on propagation time difference measurement flow.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of flow-measuring method and device, particularly a kind of transit-time ultrasonic flow measuring method and
Device.
Background technology
Time difference ultrasonic flowmeter is to determine measured stream by measuring ultrasonic wave with the propagation time difference of adverse current and following current
The flow velocity of body, ultrasonic wave have just carried the information of rate of flow of fluid, have passed through the ultrasonic wave received when being propagated in the fluid of flowing
Time difference can detects the flow velocity of fluid, and is converted into flow.At present, transit time ultrasonic flow meters assume that ultrasonic wave
Fluid-flow rate of the beam on propagation path is uniform, and the VELOCITY DISTRIBUTION of actual upper fluid is relevant with fluidised form, during laminar flow
VELOCITY DISTRIBUTION on pipe cross section is rotary parabolic type, and VELOCITY DISTRIBUTION when turbulent on pipe cross section is boss type, therefore
Necessarily cause larger measurement error.
The content of the invention
Simple the invention aims to provide a kind of device, it is convenient to realize, the high transit-time ultrasonic flow of measurement accuracy
Measuring method and device, solve current transit-time ultrasonic flow meter do not consider VELOCITY DISTRIBUTION it is non-homogeneous caused by error ask
Topic.
The object of the present invention is achieved like this：The flow-measuring method is as follows：
Propagation time difference of the ultrasonic beam along following current and adverse current be：
When tested flowing be laminar flow, by laminar velocity distribution substitution (1) formula, integrate the time difference is：
Wherein, R is the radius of tested pipeline；umFor conduit axis Peak Flow Rate；θ is ultrasonic beam and fluid flow direction
Angle；C is spread speed of the ultrasonic wave in detected fluid；
Then flow during laminar flow is：
Wherein, 1,2,4 are taken respectively to three kinds of Z-type, V-type, W types different mounting means, COEFFICIENT K；
The heterogeneity of VELOCITY DISTRIBUTION is not considered, it is poor according to average speed calculating ultrasonic propagation time, then it is measured
Flow is：
Obviously have：
When tested flowing for it is turbulent when, turbulent velocity is distributed (1) formula of substitution, integrate the time difference is：
Wherein, n is the empirical index number of turbulent velocity distribution, is typically increased with the increase of Reynolds number；
Flow when then turbulent is
Without considering that the obtained flow of inhomogeneities of VELOCITY DISTRIBUTION is：
Then have
Flow measurement device includes：Measured pipeline section, host scm, radiating circuit, downstream ultrasonic transducer, upstream surpass
Sonic sensor, the first receiving processing circuit, the second receiving processing circuit, time difference measurement, clock, memory, keyboard and LCD show
Show；Downstream ultrasonic transducer, upstream ultrasonic transducer are connected to measured pipeline section upstream and downstream ultrasonic sensor
Output end is connected by the input of the first receiving processing circuit and time difference measurement, and the output end of upstream ultrasonic transducer passes through
The input of second receiving processing circuit and time difference measurement connects；The output end of time difference measurement connects with host scm both-way communication
Connect；Clock, memory, keyboard and LCD show and be connected with host scm, the output end of host scm and the input of radiating circuit
End connection, the output end of the output end of radiating circuit respectively with downstream ultrasonic transducer and upstream ultrasonic transducer are connected.
After host scm sends measuring command, radiating circuit produces certain waveform, then synchronous first to counter O reset
Start radiating circuit triggering ultrasonic transducer transmitting ultrasonic pulse, passed using downstream ultrasonic transducer, upstream ultrasonic
Sensor, the first receiving processing circuit, the second receiving processing circuit and time difference measurement, the downstream propagation times of ultrasonic wave can be obtained
With the adverse current propagation time；Host scm is counted using digital filtering and is filtered processing to these time signals, and according to reality
Situation calculates corresponding flow velocity and flow, is saved in memory, and is sent to LCD and shows and show.
For the VELOCITY DISTRIBUTION type in the flow regime and cross section in tested pipeline, host scm uses integral algorithm
Calculate flow velocity and flow.
Beneficial effect, as a result of such scheme, it is assumed to be uniformly when by the flowing velocity on ultrasonic wave propagation path
Will produce larger measurement error, it is then much more accurate according to the flow that draws of method of the present invention.In order to eliminate due to speed
Measurement error caused by skewness, is calculated by theory deduction, draws the correction factor for different flow regimes, and set
Set of device is counted, realizes time difference ultrasonic measurement.Solve current transit-time ultrasonic flow meter and do not consider VELOCITY DISTRIBUTION
Error problem caused by non-homogeneous.
Advantage：Party's law theory is reliable, and device is simple, and method is reliable, and it is convenient to realize, measurement accuracy is high, with it is existing when
Differential type ultrasonic measurements are compared, and measurement result can be made to improve 5%~33%, are adapted to all to be surveyed based on propagation time difference
Measure the ultrasonic flowmeter of flow.
Brief description of the drawings：
Fig. 1 is that ultrasonic sensor of the present invention presses Z-type arrangement figure.
Fig. 2 is that ultrasonic sensor of the present invention presses V-type arrangement figure.
Fig. 3 is that ultrasonic sensor of the present invention presses W type arrangement figures.
Embodiment
The invention will be further described with specific implementation below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
Embodiment 1：The flow-measuring method is as follows：
Propagation time difference of the ultrasonic beam along following current and adverse current be：
When tested flowing be laminar flow, by laminar velocity distribution substitution (1) formula, integrate the time difference is：
Wherein, R is the radius of tested pipeline；umFor conduit axis Peak Flow Rate；θ is ultrasonic beam and fluid flow direction
Angle；C is spread speed of the ultrasonic wave in detected fluid；
Then flow during laminar flow is：
Wherein, 1,2,4 are taken respectively to three kinds of Z-type, V-type, W types different mounting means, COEFFICIENT K；
The inhomogeneities of VELOCITY DISTRIBUTION is not considered, it is poor according to average speed calculating ultrasonic propagation time, then it is measured
Flow is：
Obviously have：
Laminar flow measured by existing transit-time ultrasonic flow meter is 1.33 times that flow is measured by the inventive method,
Its error is apparent.
When tested flowing for it is turbulent when, turbulent velocity is distributed (1) formula of substitution, integrate the time difference is：
Wherein, n is the empirical index number of turbulent velocity distribution, is typically increased with the increase of Reynolds number；
Flow when then turbulent is
Without considering that the obtained flow of inhomogeneities of VELOCITY DISTRIBUTION is：
Then have
The empirical index number n of turbulent velocity distribution is generally 4~10, then disorderly measured by existing transit-time ultrasonic flow meter
It is 1.16~1.05 times that flow is measured by the inventive method to flow flow, and its error is apparent.
Flow measurement device includes：Be measured pipeline section 1, host scm 2, radiating circuit 3, downstream ultrasonic transducer 4, on
Swim ultrasonic sensor 5, the first receiving processing circuit 6, the second receiving processing circuit 7, time difference measurement 8, clock 9, memory 10,
Keyboard 11 and LCD show 12；Downstream ultrasonic transducer 4, upstream ultrasonic transducer 5 be connected on measured pipeline section 1,
The output end of downstream ultrasonic transducer 4 is connected by the first receiving processing circuit 6 with the input of time difference measurement 8, and upstream surpasses
The output end of sonic sensor 5 is connected by the second receiving processing circuit 7 with the input of time difference measurement 8；Time difference measurement 8 it is defeated
Go out end to be connected with the both-way communication of host scm 2；Clock 9, memory 10, keyboard 11 and LCD show that 12 connect with host scm 2
Connect, the output end of host scm 2 is connected with the input of radiating circuit 3, the output end of radiating circuit 3 respectively with downstream ultrasonic
Sensor 4 connects with the output end of upstream ultrasonic transducer 5.
After host scm 2 sends measuring command, radiating circuit 3 produces certain waveform, first to counter O reset, then together
Step starts radiating circuit 3 and triggers ultrasonic transducer transmitting ultrasonic pulse, utilizes downstream ultrasonic transducer 4, upstream ultrasonic
Wave sensor 5, the first receiving processing circuit 6, the second receiving processing circuit 7 and time difference measurement 8, can obtain the following current of ultrasonic wave
Propagation time and adverse current propagation time；Host scm 2 is counted using digital filtering and these time signals is filtered with processing, and
Corresponding flow velocity and flow are calculated according to actual conditions, is saved in memory 10, and is sent to LCD and shows and shown on 12
Come.
For the VELOCITY DISTRIBUTION type in the flow regime and cross section in tested pipeline, host scm 2 is calculated using integration
Method calculates flow velocity and flow.
Specifically：
Illustrated in Fig. 1, so that Z-type is arranged as an example.Described ultrasonic sensor is by Z-type arrangement：Downstream surpasses
Sonic sensor 4 is located at downside, and upstream ultrasonic transducer 5 is located at the upside of the front end of downstream ultrasonic transducer 4.
As shown in figure 1, flow measurement device includes：It is measured pipeline section 1, host scm 2, radiating circuit 3, downstream ultrasonic
Sensor 4, upstream ultrasonic transducer 5, the first receiving processing circuit 6, the second receiving processing circuit 7, time difference measurement 8, clock
9th, memory 10, keyboard 11 and LCD show 12；Downstream ultrasonic transducer 4, upstream ultrasonic transducer 5 be connected to by
The output end for measuring the upstream and downstream ultrasonic sensor 4 of pipeline section 1 passes through the input of the first receiving processing circuit 6 and time difference measurement 8
Connection, the output end of upstream ultrasonic transducer 5 are connected by the second receiving processing circuit 7 with the input of time difference measurement 8；When
The output end of difference measurements 8 is connected with the both-way communication of host scm 2；Clock 9, memory 10, keyboard 11 and LCD show 12 with master
Single-chip microcomputer 2 is connected, and the output end of host scm 2 is connected with the input of radiating circuit 3, the output end of radiating circuit 3 respectively with
Downstream ultrasonic transducer 4 connects with the output end of upstream ultrasonic transducer 5.
After host scm 2 sends measuring command, radiating circuit 3 produces certain waveform, first to counter O reset, then together
Step starts radiating circuit 3 and triggers ultrasonic transducer transmitting ultrasonic pulse, utilizes downstream ultrasonic transducer 4, upstream ultrasonic
Wave sensor 5, receiving processing circuit I6, receiving processing circuit II7 and time difference measurement 8, the downstream propagation of ultrasonic wave can be obtained
Time and adverse current propagation time.Host scm 2 is counted using digital filtering and these time signals is filtered with processing, and according to
Actual conditions calculate corresponding flow velocity and flow, are saved in memory 10, and are sent to LCD and show and shown on 12.
For the VELOCITY DISTRIBUTION type in the flow regime and cross section in tested pipeline, host scm 2 is calculated using integration
Method calculates flow velocity and flow.
Because ultrasonic wave is when following current or adverse current are propagated, its spread speed is equal to the hydrostatic velocity of sound plus or minus flow of fluid
Speed.Therefore, after ultrasonic wave is from a sensor emission, fluid layer different in flow rate is will be travelling through, namely ultrasonic wave is being propagated through
Speed in journey is change.In order to accurately measure the downstream propagation times of ultrasonic wave and adverse current propagation time difference, it is necessary to use
The method of integration.Ultrasonic beam is drawn along the propagation time difference of following current and adverse current by such as lower integral：
Wherein, R is the radius of tested pipeline；U is distributed for velocity in pipes；θ is the folder of ultrasonic beam and fluid flow direction
Angle；C is spread speed of the ultrasonic wave in detected fluid.
For example, for laminar flow, the VELOCITY DISTRIBUTION on pipe cross section is：
Wherein, umFor conduit axis Peak Flow Rate.
By laminar velocity be distributed substitute into (1) formula, integrate the time difference is：
Then the flow of Z-type mounting means is during laminar flow：
And discounting for the heterogeneity of VELOCITY DISTRIBUTION, it is poor to calculate ultrasonic propagation time according to average speed, then institute
The flow of measurement is：
Obviously have：
Laminar flow measured by existing transit-time ultrasonic flow meter be by the inventive method measure flow 1.16~
0.39 times, its error is apparent.
When tested flowing for it is turbulent when, turbulent velocity is distributed (1) formula of substitution, integrate the time difference is：
Wherein, n is the empirical index number of turbulent velocity distribution, is typically increased with the increase of Reynolds number.
Flow when then turbulent is
Without considering that the obtained flow of inhomogeneities of VELOCITY DISTRIBUTION is：
Then have
The empirical index number n of turbulent velocity distribution is generally 4~10, then disorderly measured by existing transit-time ultrasonic flow meter
It is 1.16~1.05 times that flow is measured by the inventive method to flow flow, and its error is apparent.
Embodiment 2：In Fig. 2, V-type arrangement, downstream ultrasonic transducer 4 and upstream ultrasonic are pressed for ultrasonic sensor
The same side of wave sensor 5, downstream ultrasonic transducer 4 are located at the downside of upstream ultrasonic transducer 5；It is other same with embodiment 1.
Embodiment 3：Fig. 3 is that ultrasonic sensor of the present invention presses W type arrangement figures.Downstream ultrasonic transducer 4 with it is upper
Swim ultrasonic sensor 5 the same side, downstream ultrasonic transducer 4 be located at the V-arrangement of downside two of upstream ultrasonic transducer 5 away from
From；It is other same with embodiment 1.
Claims (1)
1. a kind of transit-time ultrasonic flow measuring method, it is characterized in that：The flow-measuring method is as follows：
Propagation time difference of the ultrasonic beam along following current and adverse current be：
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When tested flowing be laminar flow, by laminar velocity distribution substitution (1) formula, integrate the time difference is：
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Wherein, 1,2,4 are taken respectively to three kinds of Z-type, V-type, W types different mounting means, COEFFICIENT K；
The heterogeneity of VELOCITY DISTRIBUTION is not considered, poor, the then measured flow Q that calculates ultrasonic propagation time according to average speed0
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Priority Applications (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510387517.5A CN105157771B (en) | 2015-07-03 | 2015-07-03 | A kind of transit-time ultrasonic flow measuring method and device |
| PCT/CN2015/089218 WO2017004887A1 (en) | 2015-07-03 | 2015-09-09 | Method and apparatus for measuring time-difference-type ultrasonic flow |
| ZA2016/04937A ZA201604937B (en) | 2015-07-03 | 2016-07-15 | Time-difference ultrasonic flow measurement method and apparatus |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510387517.5A CN105157771B (en) | 2015-07-03 | 2015-07-03 | A kind of transit-time ultrasonic flow measuring method and device |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN105157771A CN105157771A (en) | 2015-12-16 |
| CN105157771B true CN105157771B (en) | 2018-04-03 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN201510387517.5A Expired - Fee Related CN105157771B (en) | 2015-07-03 | 2015-07-03 | A kind of transit-time ultrasonic flow measuring method and device |
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| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN105157771B (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2017004887A1 (en) |
| ZA (1) | ZA201604937B (en) |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108168630B (en) * | 2016-12-07 | 2019-11-01 | 辽宁思凯科技股份有限公司 | A kind of ultrasonic water meter detection device and measuring method |
| CN106996811A (en) * | 2017-03-30 | 2017-08-01 | 山东思达特测控设备有限公司 | A kind of metering method of the intelligent liquid ultrasonic low of high accuracy |
| EP3388794B2 (en) * | 2017-04-13 | 2022-03-09 | SICK Engineering GmbH | Measuring device for measuring a flow speed of a fluid |
| CN108120481B (en) * | 2017-11-10 | 2023-10-31 | 天津新科成套仪表有限公司 | Ultrasonic flow metering method and metering processing device |
| CN108414039A (en) * | 2018-05-18 | 2018-08-17 | 广东万家乐燃气具有限公司 | A kind of water flow, water temperature detection method and water flow sensor |
| CN109506727B (en) * | 2018-12-24 | 2023-12-26 | 西安安森智能仪器股份有限公司 | Ultrasonic flow measurement method and low-power consumption ultrasonic flowmeter |
| CN110375818A (en) * | 2019-04-12 | 2019-10-25 | 宁夏隆基宁光仪表股份有限公司 | Total temperature range ultrasonic flow rate measuring high-precision low-power consumption compensation method |
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| ZA201604937B (en) | 2022-05-25 |
| WO2017004887A1 (en) | 2017-01-12 |
| CN105157771A (en) | 2015-12-16 |
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