CN110055528A - A kind of annular coaxial dust feeder for ultrahigh speed laser melting coating - Google Patents
A kind of annular coaxial dust feeder for ultrahigh speed laser melting coating Download PDFInfo
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- CN110055528A CN110055528A CN201910436560.4A CN201910436560A CN110055528A CN 110055528 A CN110055528 A CN 110055528A CN 201910436560 A CN201910436560 A CN 201910436560A CN 110055528 A CN110055528 A CN 110055528A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C24/00—Coating starting from inorganic powder
- C23C24/08—Coating starting from inorganic powder by application of heat or pressure and heat
- C23C24/10—Coating starting from inorganic powder by application of heat or pressure and heat with intermediate formation of a liquid phase in the layer
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Abstract
The present invention is applied to field of laser processing, provide a kind of annular coaxial dust feeder for ultrahigh speed laser melting coating, it include: laser optical system, and sequentially connected top component, middle section, the first conical component and the second conical component, the axle center mouthful perforation of the top component, the middle section, first conical component and second conical component form laser chamber from top to bottom；The present invention completes the deceleration to powder using twice front wall surface, powder is uniformly dispersed into powder through-hole and longitudinal direction into two fraction powder program of powder through-hole using transverse direction, shrinking chamber by taper accelerates carrier gas to provide powder power, it is small to be finally reached powder focus, converge highly concentrated effect, and divide powder program that uniform spatial distribution at powder focus position can be improved using this, so that the Coating Surface Roughness of preparation is smaller.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to field of laser processing, more particularly to a kind of annular coaxial powder feeding for ultrahigh speed laser melting coating
Device.
Background technique
The high-end equipment critical component in the fields such as vehicle naval vessel, Ferrous Metallurgy and derived energy chemical often to surface have it is wear-resisting,
Anti-corrosion equal performance requirements need to carry out specially treated.Common technology category mainly has plating, thermal spraying, built-up welding and laser melting coating
Technology, wherein electroplating technology prepares coating is thin, is usually no more than 100 μm, is easy to lead because of coating failure under specific condition
Cause entire part failure.And coating is poor in conjunction with substrate, is usually no more than 100Mpa, and poor corrosion resistance is easy to peel off.Separately
Outside, it will cause the serious wasting of resources in process of production and environmental pollution be to be badly in need of the industry of substitution.Plasma spray technology preparation
Coating and matrix between be mechanical bond, binding force is weak, generally 100~200MPa, be easy peel off.And the coating prepared
Stomata is more, is often prepared using plane SH wave, causes processing efficiency lower.In process of production, powder and gas consumption
Larger, powder using efficiency only has 60% or so.The coating of technique for overlaying preparation is generally thicker, up to 2~3mm, in preparation process
Middle substrate needs to preheat, and heat input is big, and heat affected area is big, be easy to cause part moderate finite deformation, degradation.Laser melting coating skill
Art has bond strength high, and heat input is small, deforms the advantages that small, and can obtain by adjusting powdered ingredients qualitative with one
The coating of energy, therefore practical application is obtained in a variety of industries.But this technology cladding rate is generally 0.5~3m/min,
Processing efficiency is low, while powder utilization efficiency is low, and generally 50% or so.Laser energy is concentrated on shape on substrate by this technology
At molten bath, powder enters molten bath fusing, coating is formed after cooling, so that utilization ratio of laser energy is lower, and coating roughness
It is larger.Since its efficiency is lower, high production cost, it is current urgent problem to be solved that extensive industrial application is limited.
German Fraunhofer laser technology research institute (Fraunhofer ILT) and Aachen University of Technology (RWTH-
Aachen ultrahigh speed laser melting and coating technique) has been developed jointly, which obtains dilution rate < 1% under the laser power of 3KW, thick
Degree is the coating that 10~250um has metallurgical bonding characteristic, and for cladding rate up to 200m/min, cladding efficiency is 500cm2/
Min provides new idea and method for the exploitation of wear-and corrosion-resistant coating process.This technology makes laser form approximation in the sky
Even power density area, powder this region by irradiated heat so that fusing, fall into molten bath in the form of liquid or semi liquid state
After rapidly cool to form coating, compared with conventional laser melting and coating technique, cladding rate is fast, general up to 25~200m/min；It is molten
Cover high-efficient, generally 0.5~3m2/h；Coating quality is high, is in metallurgical bonding with substrate, and dilution rate is low；Save the energy, powder
Utilization rate is high.
Ultrahigh speed laser coating and powder feeding device is mostly that conventional laser cladding dust feeder improves to obtain, and mostly pin type is coaxially sent
Powder device mainly utilizes multi beam powder stream to intersect the characteristics of converging region powder concn highest.Since powder feeding needle needs to tilt
Certain angle is simultaneously put around central axis annular, and in the production process, difficulty of processing is big, high rejection rate, therefore manufacturing cost is higher,
And it is influenced by machining accuracy, not can guarantee each powder feeding needle, to go out powder effect completely the same.It is mostly hollow additionally, due to powder feeding needle
Straight tube, production is difficult, and is limited by processing conditions, and pinhole size is limited, leads to pin type coaxial powder feeding apparatus powder convergence property
Difference, convergence focus is larger, and powder concn is lower, and losing constraint after stream needle outlet, there are certain angles of divergence；And powder feeding needle
The distance between tilt angle and each needle can not obtain optimized parameter, so that powder convergence concentration is low, powder flies in laser
The row time shortens, and can not melt, powder is caused to waste.
Summary of the invention
The present invention provides a kind of annular coaxial dust feeder for ultrahigh speed laser melting coating, to overcome above-mentioned technology to ask
Topic, have it is easy to process, powder focus is small, converges highly concentrated effect.
To solve the above-mentioned problems, the invention discloses a kind of annular coaxial powder feeding dresses for ultrahigh speed laser melting coating
It sets, comprising:
Laser optical system, and from top to bottom sequentially connected top component, middle section, the first conical component and
Second conical component, the axis of the top component, the middle section, first conical component and second conical component
Pit of the stomach perforation composition laser chamber, in which:
The coaxially connected laser optical system in axle center mouthful of the top component, the upper surface of the top component is set
Multiple powder entering holes are equipped with, the powder entering hole extends vertically through the top component；
The upper surface of the middle section forms powder mixing chamber, the powder after combining with the lower end surface of the top component
Last mixing chamber is communicated with the powder entering hole；One is additionally provided between the axle center of the powder mixing chamber and the middle section mouthful
The nested unit of a annular is provided with multiple transverse directions into powder through-hole in the circumferential wall of the nested unit；
The upper surface of first conical component is also provided with multiple longitudinal directions into powder through-hole, and the multiple longitudinal direction is into powder through-hole
It is distributed along the axle center of first conical component mouthful edge and is communicated with the transverse direction into powder through-hole in a ring；
Second conical component constitutes taper and shrinks chamber after combining with first conical component, the taper is shunk
Chamber is communicated with the longitudinal direction into powder through-hole, and the taper shrinks the powder convergence focus of chamber and swashing for the laser chamber
Light focus point is located at same point.
Further, the lower end surface of the middle section is provided with first annular groove, first conical component it is upper
End face is provided with second annular groove, constitutes level-one annular water after the first annular groove and second annular groove assembling
Cold chamber；
Be provided with water injection hole on the end face of the top component and the middle section, the top component and it is described in
The water injection hole of portion's component communicates and is passed through the level-one annular water cooling chamber.
Further, the lower end surface of the top component is provided with sealing rubber ring, and the sealing rubber ring is for making institute
Water injection hole is stated to be isolated with the powder mixing chamber.
Further, the lower end surface of the middle section also sets up two the first sealing rings, described two first sealing rings
The two sides of the first annular groove are separately positioned on, for making the level-one annular water cooling chamber be isolated from the outside.
Further, the upper surface of first conical component is provided with the second sealing ring, and it is close that lower end surface is provided with third
Seal ring, second sealing ring is for being isolated the laser chamber and the longitudinal direction into powder through-hole；The third sealing ring is used for
Make the taper shrink chamber to be isolated from the outside.
Further, including being installed on the bottom part of second conical component lower end, the bottom part with it is described
Ring-shaped air chamber is constituted after the combination of second conical component, the outlet of the ring-shaped air chamber is higher than the lower end of second conical component
Face；
The top component, the middle section, first conical component and second conical component end face on
It is provided with the venthole for extending vertically through ontology, the top component, the middle section, first conical component and described
The venthole of second conical component is sequentially communicated and is passed through the ring-shaped air chamber.
It further, further include the water cooled housing for being installed on the bottom part lower end, the minimum point of the water cooled housing
Second level annular water is constituted higher than the lower end surface of second conical component, and after the water cooled housing and bottom part assembling
Cold chamber；
Be provided with inlet and outlet on the outer wall of the water cooled housing, the water inlet and the water outlet respectively with
The second level annular waterway room communicates.
Further, the lower end surface of the bottom part is provided with the 4th sealing ring, and the upper surface of the water cooled housing is set
The 5th sealing ring, the 4th sealing ring and the 5th sealing ring are equipped with for making the second level annular waterway room and the external world
Isolation.
Further, the upper surface of the water cooled housing is also evenly distributed with multiple location holes, and the location hole is for same
First conical component described in axis connection and second conical component.
Further, the upper surface of the top component is provided with multiple connection positioning spiro pits, and the connection positions spiral shell
Pit is used for coaxially connected with the laser optical system.
Compared with prior art, the present invention includes the following advantages:
The coaxial powder feeding apparatus of the embodiment of the present invention completes deceleration to powder using twice front wall surface, using transverse direction into
Powder is uniformly dispersed by powder through-hole and longitudinal direction into two fraction powder program of powder through-hole, passes through taper and shrinks chamber acceleration carrier gas offer powder
Last power, it is small to be finally reached powder focus, converges highly concentrated effect, and divide powder program that powder focus position can be improved using this
Locate uniform spatial distribution, so that the Coating Surface Roughness of preparation is smaller.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is that a kind of stereochemical structure of the annular coaxial dust feeder for ultrahigh speed laser melting coating of the embodiment of the present invention is shown
It is intended to；
Fig. 2 is that a kind of cross-section structure of the annular coaxial dust feeder for ultrahigh speed laser melting coating of the embodiment of the present invention shows
It is intended to；
Fig. 3 a is the schematic perspective view of top component of the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 3 b is the schematic diagram of the section structure of top component of the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 4 a is the schematic perspective view of middle section of the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 4 b is the schematic diagram of the section structure of middle section of the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 5 a is the schematic perspective view of the first conical component of the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 5 b is the schematic diagram of the section structure of the first conical component of the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 6 a is the schematic perspective view of the second conical component of the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 6 b is the schematic diagram of the section structure of the second conical component of the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 7 a is the schematic perspective view of bottom part of the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 7 b is the schematic diagram of the section structure of bottom part of the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 8 a is the schematic perspective view of water cooled housing of the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 8 b is the schematic diagram of the section structure of water cooled housing of the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 9 is the schematic perspective view of nested unit of the embodiment of the present invention.
Description of symbols:
1- top component, 2- middle section, the first conical component of 3-, the second conical component of 4-, 5- laser chamber, 6- is into powder
Hole, 7- powder mixing chamber, 8- nested unit, 9- is laterally into powder through-hole, and 10- is longitudinal into powder through-hole, and 11- taper shrinks chamber, 12-
First annular groove, 13- second annular groove, 14- water injection hole, 15- bottom part, 16- ring-shaped air chamber, 17- venthole, 18-
Water cooled housing, 19- second level annular waterway room, 20- water inlet, 21- water outlet.
Specific embodiment
In order to make the foregoing objectives, features and advantages of the present invention clearer and more comprehensible, with reference to the accompanying drawing and specific real
Applying mode, the present invention is described in further detail.
Referring to Fig.1, a kind of annular coaxial dust feeder for ultrahigh speed laser melting coating of the embodiment of the present invention is shown
Schematic perspective view；Referring to Fig. 2, a kind of annular coaxial powder feeding for ultrahigh speed laser melting coating of the embodiment of the present invention is shown
The annular coaxial dust feeder of the schematic diagram of the section structure of device, the embodiment of the present invention includes:
Laser optical system, and sequentially connected top component 1, middle section 2, the first conical component from top to bottom
3 and second conical component 4, the top component 1, the middle section 2, first conical component 3 and second taper
The axle center mouthful perforation composition laser chamber 5 of component 4, in which:
The coaxially connected laser optical system in axle center mouthful of the top component 1, the upper surface of the top component 1
Multiple powder entering holes 6 are provided with, the powder entering hole 6 extends vertically through the top component 1；
The upper surface of the middle section 2 forms powder mixing chamber 7, institute after combining with the lower end surface of the top component 1
Powder mixing chamber 7 is stated to communicate with the powder entering hole 6；Between the axle center of the powder mixing chamber 7 and the middle section 2 mouthful also
It is provided with an annular nested unit 8, is provided with multiple transverse directions into powder through-hole 9 in the circumferential wall of the nested unit 8；
The upper surface of first conical component 3 is also provided with multiple longitudinal directions into powder through-hole 10, and the multiple longitudinal direction is into powder
Through-hole 10 is distributed in a ring along the axle center of first conical component 3 mouthful edge and communicates with the transverse direction into powder through-hole 9；
Second conical component 4 constitutes taper after combining with first conical component 3 and shrinks chamber 11, the taper
It shrinks chamber 11 to communicate with the longitudinal direction into powder through-hole 10, and the powder convergence focus of taper contraction chamber 11 swashs with described
The laser focus point of optical cavity room 5 is located at same point.
The coaxial powder feeding apparatus of the embodiment of the present invention includes at least top component 1, middle section 2,3 and of the first conical component
Second conical component 4.
Referring to Fig. 3 a, the schematic perspective view of top component of the embodiment of the present invention 1 is shown；Referring to Fig. 3 b, show
The schematic perspective view of 1 section of top component of the embodiment of the present invention；
Referring to Fig. 4 a, the schematic perspective view of middle section of the embodiment of the present invention 2 is shown；Referring to Fig. 4 b, show
The schematic perspective view of 2 section of middle section of the embodiment of the present invention；
Referring to Fig. 5 a, the schematic perspective view of the first conical component of the embodiment of the present invention 3 is shown；Referring to Fig. 5 b, show
The schematic perspective view of 3 section of the first conical component of the embodiment of the present invention is gone out；
Referring to Fig. 6 a, the schematic perspective view of the second conical component of the embodiment of the present invention 4 is shown；Referring to Fig. 6 b, show
The schematic perspective view of 4 section of the second conical component of the embodiment of the present invention is gone out.
The upper surface of the top component 1 is provided with multiple connection positioning spiro pits, and the connection positioning spiro pit is used for
It is coaxially connected with the laser optical system.Laser optical system described in the embodiment of the present invention is existing such as high
Power (4000W-10000W) optical fiber laser, the surface laser which is mainly used for various shaft elements are strengthened.Even
It connects positioning spiro pit and is preferably arranged 4, and be evenly distributed on the upper surface of top component 1, with this in guarantee and laser
While optical system is coaxially connected, also there is higher stability, so that connecting between top component 1 and laser optical system
What is connect is stronger.
Wherein, top component 1, middle section 2, the first conical component 3 and the second conical component 4 successively connect from top to bottom
Connect, the axle center of embodiment of the present invention mouth refers to the mouth that the center position along component is opened, top component 1, the middle section 2,
The channel that perforation composition laser in the axle center of first conical component 3 and second conical component 4 mouthful is passed through, i.e. laser cavity
Room 5.
The lower end surface of the top component 1 is evenly arranged with multiple first positioning spiro pits, first positioning spiro pit
For at least with the middle section 2 it is coaxially connected；
Multiple the second positioning spiro pits through ontology, the second positioning spiral shell are evenly arranged in the middle section 2
Pit is at least coaxially connected with the top component 1 and first conical component 3；
Multiple third positioning spiro pits through ontology are evenly arranged in first conical component 3, the third is fixed
Position threaded hole is at least coaxially connected with the middle section 2 and second conical component 4；
Multiple the 4th positioning spiro pits through ontology are evenly arranged in second conical component 4, the described 4th is fixed
Position threaded hole is at least coaxially connected with first conical component 3 and the bottom part.
The connection type of above-mentioned several components may include: (1), the first positioning spiro pit, the second positioning spiro pit, third
The quantity of positioning spiro pit and the 4th positioning spiro pit is 4, and is evenly distributed on all parts, and the one of 4 connecting screws
The second positioning spiro pit, third positioning spiro pit and the 4th positioning spiro pit are run through in end, so that middle section 2, the first tapered portion
Part 3 and the second conical component 4 is coaxially connected is integrated, while being connect again with subsequent parts such as bottom part, the other end and first
Positioning spiro pit connection, with this by top component 1 also it is coaxially connected together.(2), the first positioning spiro pit, the second positioning spiral shell
The quantity of pit is 4, and the quantity of third positioning spiro pit and the 4th positioning spiro pit is 8.It is equipped with 8 connection spiral shells
Bar, 4 connecting screws are sequentially connected the first positioning spiro pit, the second positioning spiro pit, third positioning spiro pit and the 4th positioning
Threaded hole, by top component 1, middle section 2, the first conical component 3 and the second conical component 4 is coaxially connected is integrated；Other 4
One end of root connecting screw is sequentially connected remaining third positioning spiro pit and the 4th positioning spiro pit, and the other end connects subsequent portion
Part reinforces the connection of the first conical component 3 and the second conical component 4 with this again, to improve 3 He of the first conical component
The fastness of second conical component 4 connection, increases its stability at work.(3), the quantity of the second positioning spiro pit is 4
A, the quantity of the first positioning spiro pit, third positioning spiro pit and the 4th positioning spiro pit is 8, is equipped with 8 connection spiral shells
Bar, 4 connecting screws are sequentially connected the first positioning spiro pit, the second positioning spiro pit, third positioning spiro pit and the 4th positioning
Threaded hole, by top component 1, middle section 2, the first conical component 3 and the second conical component 4 is coaxially connected is integrated；Other 4
Root connecting screw is sequentially connected the first positioning spiro pit, third positioning spiro pit and the 4th positioning spiro pit, to top component 1,
First conical component 3 and the second conical component 4 reinforce connection again.Three of the above mode is that the present invention connects several components
A small amount of citing of mode can be realized of the invention by top component 1, middle section 2, the first conical component 3 and the second taper
The positioning spiro pit that component 4 sequentially coaxially connects from top to bottom is arranged and connection type is in the protection scope of this programme,
Not described here any more.
The coaxial powder feeding apparatus of the embodiment of the present invention is several independent components, makes its connection in such a way that stratiform cooperates
It is integrated, is easy to keep dust feeder and laser guarantee coaxial, most parts are of less demanding to processing technology, avoid with angled
Deep hole machining, high yield rate can be substantially reduced gap when dust outlet compared with prior art, and processing cost is lower.In addition it adopts
The problem of being cooperated with stratiform, avoiding integral type because of a parts damages, cause whole part rejections, damage parts are easily replaced, and are saved
Manpower and material resources.
For specific implementation, the assembling of top component 1, middle section 2, the first conical component 3 and the second conical component 4
Mode can be with are as follows: opens up ring-shaped step slot along the lower end of top component 1, is then set in middle section 2 along ring-shaped step slot
In top component 1, there are certain seams between meeting and the periphery wall of top component 1 after middle section 2 is set in top component 1
Gap, i.e. powder channel；First conical component 3 is divide into upper part and lower part, and top is divided into discoid, and lower part is divided into centrum shape, and first
The discoid upper part of conical component 3 and the lower end surface of top component 1 are directly connected to, and then the lower part of centrum shape is set in
Inside two conical components 4；The upper part of second conical component 4 be also it is discoid, lower part is divided into centrum shape, when connection, the second cone
The upper part of shape component 4 and the upper part of the first conical component 3 are fixed, and lower part subpackage wraps the lower part of the first conical component 3
Taper is constituted after combination shrinks chamber 11.
Based on above-mentioned assembling mode, the building form of powder mixing chamber 7, which can be, opens up one in the upper surface of middle section 2
A annular groove is formed after then combining with the lower end surface of top component 1；Be also possible to middle section 2 upper surface and
The lower end surface of top component 1 opens up an annular groove, and two annular grooves form after two components connect.In the powder
An annular nested unit 8 is additionally provided between the axle center of last mixing chamber 7 and the middle section 2 mouthful, Fig. 9 is of the invention real
The schematic perspective view of a nested unit is applied, the mounting means of nested unit 8 specifically can be on the end face of middle section 2
An annular slot is opened, the bottom end of nested unit 8 is stuck on annular slot.The axle center mouthful of the upper surface of first conical component 3 is straight
The axle center mouthful diameter of the lower end surface of diameter and top component 1 etc. is big, longitudinal into 10 face middle section 2 of powder through-hole and top in this way
The powder channel that is formed after assembling between part 1 is provided with multiple transverse directions into powder through-hole 9, laterally in the circumferential wall of nested unit 8
It is communicated into powder through-hole 9 with powder mixing chamber 7 and powder channel.
Therefore, the powder feeding path of the embodiment of the present invention are as follows: powder is from equally distributed 4 road in 1 upper surface of top component into powder
Hole 6 flows into, and then vertically falls into powder mixing chamber 7, and powder enters powder mixing chamber 7 and stopped to slow down by front wall surface, and
Complete the dispersion in each position of powder mixing chamber 7.It completes to disperse for the first time into powder through-hole 9 by transverse direction, then powder is along horizontal
It falls into powder channel into powder through-hole 9, is slowed down again by narrow collision with wall, so that powder keeps low velocity movement,
Then it is uniformly dispersed by longitudinal into powder aperture, the subsequent finely dispersed powder of low speed enters taper and shrinks chamber 11.At this time
Powder speed mainly provides power by compression by carrier gas, and powder particles speed and taper shrink 11 angle parallel of chamber, reduce powder
The angle of divergence behind outlet is left at end, finally sprays the powder focus that convergence is high concentration from outlet.The powder of taper contraction chamber 11
The laser focus point of end convergence focus and laser chamber 5, which is located at same point, becomes cladding layer finally by laser heating and melting.
To sum up, the embodiment of the present invention completes deceleration to powder using twice front wall surface, using transverse direction into 9 He of powder through-hole
It is longitudinal that powder is uniformly dispersed into 10 liang of fraction powder programs of powder through-hole, chamber 11 is shunk by taper and accelerates carrier gas offer powder dynamic
Power, it is small to be finally reached powder focus, converges highly concentrated effect.And divide powder program that sky at powder focus position can be improved using this
Between distributing homogeneity so that preparation Coating Surface Roughness it is smaller.
In a preferred embodiment, the lower end surface of the middle section 2 is provided with first annular groove 12, described
The upper surface of first conical component 3 is provided with second annular groove 13, and the first annular groove 12 and second annular are recessed
Slot 13 constitutes level-one annular water cooling chamber after assembling；
Water injection hole 14,1 He of top component are provided on the end face of the top component 1 and the middle section 2
The water injection hole 14 of the middle section 2 communicates and is passed through the level-one annular water cooling chamber.
The lower end surface of the top component 1 is provided with sealing rubber ring, and the sealing rubber ring is for making the water injection hole
14 are isolated with the powder mixing chamber 7.The lower end surface of the middle section 2 also sets up two the first sealing rings, and described two
One sealing ring is separately positioned on the two sides of the first annular groove 12, for make the level-one annular water cooling chamber and it is extraneous every
From.
The preferred embodiment of the present invention can effectively reduce the first taper by setting water injection hole 14 and level-one annular water cooling chamber
The high temperature that stimulated radiation generates when component 3 works, is conducive to protect annular coaxial dust feeder of the invention.Sealing rubber ring
It can be effectively isolated external environment with the first sealing ring, and avoid water from entering powder mixing chamber 7 and powder is caused to stick together, lead to powder feeding
The problem of path blocks.
Meanwhile the upper surface of first conical component 3 is provided with the second sealing ring, lower end surface is provided with third sealing
Ring, second sealing ring is for being isolated the laser chamber 5 and the longitudinal direction into powder through-hole 10；The third sealing ring is used for
Make the taper shrink chamber 11 to be isolated from the outside.The embodiment of the present invention is substantially increased whole by the setting of multiple sealing rings
The leakproofness of a each function of device, reduces external environmental interference.And since sealing ring generally uses silica gel or rubber resistance to
It grinds flexible material to be made, moreover it is possible to reinforce the stability connected between all parts.
In the prior art, due to ultrahigh speed laser coating and powder feeding device, i.e. pin type coaxial powder feeding apparatus powder feeding relies primarily on
Powder feeding needle realizes that the powder source direction of focus is limited by powder feeding needle number, although being capable of forming the biggish area of powder concn
Domain, but it is extremely uneven in region powder inside spatial distribution, cause the Coating Surface Roughness of preparation larger.Since ultrahigh speed swashs
There is a large amount of rebound powder in light melting and coating technique, easily adhere to, use in meal outlet bottom and outer surface during prepares coating
Pin type coaxial powder feeding apparatus often occurs blocking up the critical components such as powder or even scaling loss powder feeding needle at meal outlet, production is caused to stop
The phenomenon that.
In view of the above-mentioned problems, the inventor of this programme is after carefully studying and testing, also in the coaxial of the embodiment of the present invention
Dust feeder further includes the bottom part 15 for being installed on 4 lower end of the second conical component, the bottom part 15 and described the
Ring-shaped air chamber 16 is constituted after the combination of two conical components 4, the outlet of the ring-shaped air chamber 16 is higher than under second conical component 4
End face；
The end of the top component 1, the middle section 2, first conical component 3 and second conical component 4
The venthole 17 for extending vertically through ontology, the top component 1, the middle section 2, first tapered portion are provided on face
Part 3 and the venthole 17 of second conical component 4 are sequentially communicated and are passed through the ring-shaped air chamber 16.Referring to Fig. 7 a, show
The schematic perspective view of bottom part of the embodiment of the present invention 15；Referring to Fig. 7 b, bottom part of the embodiment of the present invention 15 is shown
The schematic perspective view of section.
By above-mentioned setting, gas passes sequentially through top component 1, middle section 2, the first conical component 3 and the second taper
For venthole 17 on component 4 vertically into ring-shaped air chamber 16, gas is formed circular curtain, ring in exit by after compression
The outlet of shape gas chamber 16 is higher than the lower end surface of the second conical component 4, to make the lower end surface of circular curtain the second conical component 4 of package
Lower part easily adheres to the outer surface and lower end surface of rebound powder, when the powder that rebounds enters gas curtain region, by airflow function, thus
It is blown away, achievees the purpose that protect dust feeder, the probability for blocking up powder at meal outlet can be substantially reduced with this.
In addition, the coaxial powder feeding apparatus of the embodiment of the present invention further includes being installed on outside the water cooling of 15 lower end of bottom part
Shell 18, the minimum point of the water cooled housing 18 are higher than the lower end surface of second conical component 4, the water cooled housing 18 with it is described
Bottom part 15 constitutes second level annular waterway room 19 after assembling；
Water inlet 20 and water outlet 21, the water inlet 20 and the water outlet are provided on the outer wall of the water cooled housing 18
Mouth 21 is communicated with the second level annular waterway room 19 respectively.Referring to Fig. 8 a, water cooled housing of the embodiment of the present invention 18 is shown
Schematic perspective view；Referring to Fig. 8 b, the schematic perspective view of 18 section of water cooled housing of the embodiment of the present invention is shown.
The embodiment of the present invention is by setting second level annular waterway room 19, and cooling water is flowed into from water inlet 20, from water outlet
21 outflows can effectively reduce dust feeder close to machining area hull-skin temperature, have the function that protect dust feeder.Outside water cooling
The minimum point of shell 18 is higher than the lower end surface of second conical component 4, moreover it is possible to the problem of further decreasing rebound powder adherency.
The lower end surface of the bottom part 15 is provided with the 4th sealing ring, and the upper surface of the water cooled housing 18 is provided with
Five sealing rings, the 4th sealing ring and the 5th sealing ring for make the second level annular waterway room 19 with it is extraneous every
From.The embodiment of the present invention substantially increases the leakproofness of second level annular waterway room 19 by the setting of multiple sealing rings, reduces
External environmental interference.
The upper surface of the water cooled housing 18 is also evenly distributed with multiple location holes, and the location hole is used for coaxially connected institute
State the first conical component 3 and second conical component 4.The setting of location hole on water cooled housing 18, by with the first tapered portion
Part 3 and the second conical component 4 are directly connected to, and can further improve the stability of water cooled housing 18 at work.
A kind of annular coaxial dust feeder for ultrahigh speed laser melting coating provided by the present invention has been carried out in detail above
Thin to introduce, used herein a specific example illustrates the principle and implementation of the invention, and above embodiments are said
It is bright to be merely used to help understand the core idea of the present invention；At the same time, for those skilled in the art, according to the present invention
Thought, there will be changes in the specific implementation manner and application range, in conclusion the content of the present specification should not be construed as
Limitation of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of annular coaxial dust feeder for ultrahigh speed laser melting coating characterized by comprising
Laser optical system, and sequentially connected top component (1), middle section (2), the first conical component from top to bottom
(3) and the second conical component (4), the top component (1), the middle section (2), first conical component (3) and institute
State axle center mouthful perforation composition laser chamber (5) of the second conical component (4), in which:
The coaxially connected laser optical system in axle center mouthful of the top component (1), the upper surface of the top component (1)
It is provided with multiple powder entering holes (6), the powder entering hole (6) extends vertically through the top component (1)；
The upper surface of the middle section (2) forms powder mixing chamber (7) after combining with the lower end surface of the top component (1),
The powder mixing chamber (7) communicates with the powder entering hole (6)；In the axis of the powder mixing chamber (7) and the middle section (2)
It is additionally provided with an annular nested unit (8) between the pit of the stomach, is provided with multiple cross in the circumferential wall of the nested unit (8)
To into powder through-hole (9)；
The upper surface of first conical component (3) is also provided with multiple longitudinal directions into powder through-hole (10), and the multiple longitudinal direction is into powder
Through-hole (10) is distributed in a ring and with the transverse direction into powder through-hole (9) phase along the axle center mouthful edge of first conical component (3)
It is logical；
Second conical component (4) constitutes taper after combining with first conical component (3) and shrinks chamber (11), the cone
Shape is shunk chamber (11) and is communicated with the longitudinal direction into powder through-hole (10), and the taper shrinks the powder convergence focus of chamber (11)
It is located at same point with the laser focus point of the laser chamber (5).
2. annular coaxial dust feeder according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the lower end surface of the middle section (2)
It is provided with first annular groove (12), the upper surface of first conical component (3) is provided with second annular groove (13), described
Level-one annular water cooling chamber is constituted after first annular groove (12) and the second annular groove (13) assembling；
Water injection hole (14), the top component are provided on the end face of the top component (1) and the middle section (2)
(1) it communicates with the water injection hole (14) of the middle section (2) and is passed through the level-one annular water cooling chamber.
3. annular coaxial dust feeder according to claim 2, which is characterized in that the lower end surface of the top component (1)
It is provided with sealing rubber ring, the sealing rubber ring is for being isolated the water injection hole (14) with the powder mixing chamber (7).
4. annular coaxial dust feeder according to claim 2, which is characterized in that the lower end surface of the middle section (2)
Two the first sealing rings are also set up, described two first sealing rings are separately positioned on the two sides of the first annular groove (12),
For making the level-one annular water cooling chamber be isolated from the outside.
5. annular coaxial dust feeder according to claim 1, which is characterized in that first conical component (3) it is upper
End face is provided with the second sealing ring, and lower end surface is provided with third sealing ring, and second sealing ring is for being isolated the laser cavity
Room (5) and the longitudinal direction are into powder through-hole (10)；The third sealing ring for make the taper shrink chamber (11) and it is extraneous every
From.
6. annular coaxial dust feeder according to claim 1, which is characterized in that including being installed on second tapered portion
The bottom part (15) of part (4) lower end, the bottom part (15) constitute annular gas after combining with second conical component (4)
Room (16), the outlet of the ring-shaped air chamber (16) are higher than the lower end surface of second conical component (4)；
The top component (1), the middle section (2), first conical component (3) and second conical component (4)
End face on be provided with the venthole (17) for extending vertically through ontology, it is the top component (1), the middle section (2), described
The venthole (17) of first conical component (3) and second conical component (4) is sequentially communicated and is passed through the ring-shaped air chamber
(16)。
7. annular coaxial dust feeder according to claim 6, which is characterized in that further include being installed on the bottom part
(15) water cooled housing (18) of lower end, the minimum point of the water cooled housing (18) are higher than the lower end of second conical component (4)
Face, and second level annular waterway room (19) are constituted after the water cooled housing (18) and the bottom part (15) assembling；
It is provided with water inlet (20) and water outlet (21) on the outer wall of the water cooled housing (18), the water inlet (20) and described
Water outlet (21) is communicated with the second level annular waterway room (19) respectively.
8. annular coaxial dust feeder according to claim 7, which is characterized in that the lower end surface of the bottom part (15)
It is provided with the 4th sealing ring, the upper surface of the water cooled housing (18) is provided with the 5th sealing ring, the 4th sealing ring and institute
The 5th sealing ring is stated for making the second level annular waterway room (19) be isolated from the outside.
9. annular coaxial dust feeder according to claim 7, which is characterized in that the upper surface of the water cooled housing (18)
Multiple location holes are also evenly distributed with, the location hole is for coaxially connected first conical component (3) and second cone
Shape component (4).
10. annular coaxial dust feeder according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the upper surface of the top component (1)
Multiple connection positioning spiro pits are provided with, the connection positioning spiro pit is used for coaxially connected with the laser optical system.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910436560.4A CN110055528B (en) | 2019-05-23 | 2019-05-23 | Annular coaxial powder feeding device for ultra-high-speed laser cladding |
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910436560.4A CN110055528B (en) | 2019-05-23 | 2019-05-23 | Annular coaxial powder feeding device for ultra-high-speed laser cladding |
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| CN110055528B CN110055528B (en) | 2020-06-12 |
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| CN111254431A (en) * | 2020-01-19 | 2020-06-09 | 浙江工业大学 | Light-powder co-path powder feeding nozzle for atmosphere protection |
| CN111411355A (en) * | 2020-03-17 | 2020-07-14 | 天津大学 | Conical powder feeding device for ultrahigh-speed plasma cladding and ultrahigh-speed plasma cladding method |
| CN111519183A (en) * | 2020-04-28 | 2020-08-11 | 苏州大学 | Laser ultra-high-speed cladding head, laser ultra-high-speed cladding system and laser ultra-high-speed cladding method |
| CN116043211A (en) * | 2022-11-30 | 2023-05-02 | 成都青石激光科技有限公司 | Small inner hole laser cladding nozzle |
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