CN104611696B - A kind of laser melting-painting nozzle - Google Patents
A kind of laser melting-painting nozzle Download PDFInfo
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- CN104611696B CN104611696B CN201510058197.9A CN201510058197A CN104611696B CN 104611696 B CN104611696 B CN 104611696B CN 201510058197 A CN201510058197 A CN 201510058197A CN 104611696 B CN104611696 B CN 104611696B
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- powder
- cylinder
- laser
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- light
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C24/00—Coating starting from inorganic powder
- C23C24/08—Coating starting from inorganic powder by application of heat or pressure and heat
- C23C24/10—Coating starting from inorganic powder by application of heat or pressure and heat with intermediate formation of a liquid phase in the layer
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
- B05B7/00—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas
- B05B7/16—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas incorporating means for heating or cooling the material to be sprayed
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of laser melting-painting nozzle, belongs to field of laser processing.Beam of laser is become two beam laser by spectroscopical effect and enters molten bath from both sides laser channeling by the nozzle.Powder sends into powder chamber from multiple directions; move downward under small blast fan effect; and uniform powder stream is formed in the presence of point dressing sieve; shielding gas is collimated by a circle around powder to ensure to converge precision; being arranged on the angular transducer in the middle of nozzle can increase protection tolerance in nozzle inclination; reduce the segregation that powder is caused due to gravity as far as possible, spray nozzle front end periphery also has ring protection gas to carry out shrouding protection to molten bath, and intermediate noxzzle is cooled down to nozzle using spiral cooling-water duct.The protective cover of end be conducive to laser be fully reflected back workpiece and powder is fully used, also be provided with cooling water channel on protective cover and cool down in time.The laser melting-painting nozzle simple structure, powder converge high precision, improve the precision of light powder coupling, improve the collimation of powder and the utilization rate of powder.
Description
Technical field
A kind of the present invention relates to field of laser processing, more particularly to laser melting-painting nozzle.
Background technology
Laser melting and coating technique was risen the eighties in 20th century, was a kind of advanced metal parts surface peening, modified and repair
Recovering technology.Specifically refer to be applied on matrix surface the coating material for placing selection in different filler modes, through laser spoke
According to being allowed to matrix surface a thin layer while melt, and formed after rapid solidification dilution factor extremely low and with matrix material into metallurgical junction
The face coat of conjunction, so that significantly improve the process of the wear-resisting, anti-corrosion, heat-resisting of substrate material surface, antioxidation etc..
The most frequently used automatic powder feeding system of laser melting and coating technique is synchronous powder feeding system.Including paraxonic automatic powder feeding system and coaxial powder-feeding
Mode.Paraxonic automatic powder feeding system is met farther out due to the outlet of powder and the outlet of light, and powder is preferable with the controllability of light, will not go out
Now block the phenomenon of light-emitting window because of powder fusing too early, thus the initial stage in laser melting and coating technique development, paraxonic powder feeding side
Formula is widely used.But as which is only suitable for the motion of linear track, be not suitable for the motion of complicated track, therefore not
Can guarantee that all directions size is consistent with performance, cannot finally meet Production requirement.
Compared to paraxonic powder feeding, coaxial powder-feeding is that powder stream and laser beam are coaxially coupled and export the production that can more meet now
Demand, and coaxial powder-feeding nozzle becomes the research heat of each scientific research institution as one of most crucial part in coaxial powder feeding apparatus
Point.In currently available technology, most typical structure is that comparatively the defeated powder of four pipes or conical ring type powder conveying device, powder can provide
Uniform and stable and convergence powder stream of good performance.But powder stream is sent into for inclining after all, the powder when convergent point is converged
Mutually collide, while shielding gas can also have the air-flow of disorder upsets powder convergence, a variety of factors cause powder in actual convergence
During effect unsatisfactory.And most nozzle design excessively complexity, do not utilize production application.
Content of the invention
For problems of the prior art, the technical problem to be solved in the present invention is to provide a kind of laser melting coating spray
Mouth, this nozzle arrangements are simple, and powder converges high precision, improve the precision of light powder coupling, it is ensured that the collimation of powder and
The utilization rate of powder.
To achieve these goals, the technical solution used in the present invention is：A kind of laser melting-painting nozzle, including cylinder, institute
The top and bottom for stating cylinder open up light inlet and light-emitting window respectively, set gradually expansion from top to bottom in cylinder at light inlet
Shu Jing, spectroscope, the spectroscope longitudinal section is triangle and minute surface towards light inlet, the cylinder inboard wall of the spectroscope both sides
On be respectively provided with illuminator, the illuminator minute surface is relative with spectroscope minute surface, also sets up reflective with two on the cylinder inboard wall
Corresponding condenser lenses distinguished by mirror, make to enter back into molten bath from the light of illuminator directive light-emitting window after condenser lenses convergence,
It is characterized in that：Powder chamber is fixedly installed below the spectroscope, the upper and lower opening that is of the powder chamber is arranged, on powder chamber
Multiple powdering inlets being spaced apart are set on the side wall at end, and the powdering inlet is uniformly distributed on same circumference, powder chamber
Small blast fan is set at upper shed, and powder chamber under shed is meal outlet；The meal outlet connects duff pipe, and the duff pipe is
Extend to the straight tube at cylinder light-emitting window；The junction of the powder chamber and duff pipe arranges a point dressing sieve, and described point of dressing sieve is thin
Tabular, arranges some points of powder holes thereon；Appendix is cased with outside the duff pipe, through slightly larger than outside duff pipe in the appendix
Footpath, arranges collimation shielding gas conveying entrance on appendix；The duff pipe end arranges out powder mouth, if described go out powder mouth on arrange
The dry flour opening flowed out for powder, the flour opening is up big and down small bellmouth.
Enter from the light inlet of cylinder, first pass through beam expanding lens and expanded, so by adopting above-mentioned technical proposal, laser beam
By spectroscope light splitting, it is divided into two beams equity light beam, then the reflection focusing entrance molten bath through reflecting mirror, condenser lenses, this kind
Light channel structure design can well using the space in cylinder, it is to avoid laser beam direct irradiation is saved in the internal structure of cylinder
The design of cooling water channel has been gone, the internal structure design of cylinder has been simplified；The nozzle conveys powder by powder chamber and duff pipe,
Multiple powdering inlets are set on powder chamber, are made powder be divided into multiply and is entered powder chamber, it is to avoid powder aggregation causes the flowing of powder
Not smooth, while arranging small blast fan above powder chamber, small blast fan makes powder flowing downward go forward side by side to air blast in powder room
One step increases the mobility of powder；Powder enters duff pipe through point powder hole on undue dressing sieve, through the powder stream after undue dressing sieve
Become uniform, speed is also consistent, it is ensured that the stable and precision of powder feeding, while annular collimation shielding gas, the ring is arranged outside powder feeding pipe
The parallel powder feeding pipe of surrounding of shape collimation shielding gas is exported downwards, the powder from duff pipe output is converged in the annular ring, it is ensured that
The convergence precision of powder；Duff pipe end arranges out powder mouth, and the taper gone out on powder mouth goes out convergence of the powder mouth beneficial to powder.
The present invention is further arranged to, and arranges angular transducer, when nozzle run-off the straight, angle in described cylinder
Sensor sends signal, and the conveying capacity of control increase collimation shielding gas reduces the segregation of powder.By the setting, send out in nozzle
During raw inclination, angular transducer sends signal to air supply plant, air supply plant is suitably increased when nozzle inclination works
Collimation protection tolerance, makes powder still keep certain deflection, reduces the dispersion of powder, meets different angles in actual production
Cladding need, solve the problems, such as that existing nozzle powder when certain angle cladding is carried out is affected by gravity well serious.
The present invention is further arranged to, and the lower end of the cylinder arranges to arrange in protective cover, the protective cover and surrounds cylinder
The annular collimation shielding gas of body light-emitting window.By the setting, during cladding, protective cover with reflection laser and can block the powder for disorderly splashing,
Improve laser utilization and powder using efficiency, effective protection equipment and personal security；And, annular collimation shielding gas enters one
Step prevents powder from splashing, while causing whole molten bath to be located under shielding gas, completely cuts off external environment condition, the generation of anti-oxidation.
The present invention is further arranged to, and the cylinder lower end arranges the spiral cooling water channel around appendix.
The present invention is further arranged to, and arranges cooling-water duct on described protective cover.
It is divided to inside and outside two jacket water roads to be respectively acting on cylinder lower end and guarantor by adopting above-mentioned technical proposal, cooling water channel
Shield, is cooled down in time to key position herein, prevents the powder stream that splashes or too high heat from causing damage component.
Inner cold water path adopts spiral design, cooling water to flow into from top, and lower section is flowed out, and improves the spray of cooling effectiveness effective protection
Mouth, outer cooling water are mainly cooled down to outer protective cover.
The present invention is further arranged to, and the described powder mouth that goes out is to be detachably arranged in duff pipe end.
The present invention is further arranged to, and the described powder mouth that goes out is made up of red copper.
By adopting above-mentioned technical proposal, described go out powder mouth be detachable setting, it is higher using laser reflectivity to go out powder mouth,
The preferable red copper of heat conductivility is made；Because going out powder mouth near molten bath, strong laser is inevitable during prolonged use
The end is caused damage, the output effect of powder stream is affected.So end can be changed in time in infringement, improve
Production efficiency.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of path channels of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of powder chamber of the present invention；
Fig. 4 is the structural representation that the present invention goes out powder mouth.
Label implication in figure：1- cylinders；11- light inlets；12- light-emitting windows；2- beam expanding lens；3- spectroscopes；4- illuminators；5-
Condenser lenses；6- powder chambers；61- powdering inlets；62- meal outlets；7- small blast fans；8- duff pipes；9- point of dressing sieve；10- is defeated
Trachea；101- collimation shielding gas conveying entrances；13- goes out powder mouth；131- flour openings；14- angular transducers；15- protective covers；16-
Annular collimation shielding gas；17- spiral cooling water channels；18- cooling water channels.
Specific embodiment
With reference to the accompanying drawings and examples, the specific embodiment of the present invention is described in further detail.Hereinafter implement
Example is for illustrating the present invention, but is not limited to the scope of the present invention.
As shown in Fig. 2 a kind of laser melting-painting nozzle, including cylinder 1, the top and bottom of the cylinder 1 open up respectively into
Optical port 11 and light-emitting window 12, set gradually beam expanding lens 2, spectroscope 3 in cylinder 1 and at close light inlet 11 from top to bottom, described
3 longitudinal section of spectroscope be triangle and minute surface towards light inlet 11, be respectively provided with 1 inwall of cylinder of 3 both sides of the spectroscope
Illuminator 4, two illuminators, 4 minute surface are relative with two minute surfaces of spectroscope 3 respectively, also set up and two on 1 inwall of the cylinder
Corresponding condenser lenses 5 distinguished by illuminator 4, make from the light of 4 directive light-emitting window 12 of illuminator after the convergence of condenser lenses 5 again
Enter molten bath；Laser beam is entered from the light inlet of cylinder 1, is first passed through beam expanding lens 2 and is expanded, then through 3 light splitting of spectroscope, point
Into two beams equity light beam, then the reflection focusing entrance molten bath through reflecting mirror, condenser lenses 5, this kind of light channel structure design can be very
Space in good utilization cylinder 1, it is to avoid laser beam direct irradiation eliminates cooling water channel in the internal structure of cylinder 1
Design, simplifies the internal structure design of cylinder 1.
As shown in Figures 1 to 4, powder chamber 6 is fixedly installed, the powder chamber 6 is upper and lower to be out below the spectroscope 3
Mouth is arranged, and arranges multiple powdering inlets 61 being spaced apart on the side wall of 6 upper end of powder chamber, and the powdering inlet 61 is in same circle
It is uniformly distributed on week, small blast fan 7 is set at 6 upper shed of powder chamber, 6 under shed of powder chamber is meal outlet 62, and powder passes through
Powdering inlet 61 is divided into multiply and enters powder chamber 6, it is to avoid powder aggregation causes the flowing of powder not smooth, while above powder chamber 6
The small blast fan 7 of setting makes the mobility of powder flowing downward progressive increase powder, minidrum to air blast in powder chamber 6
Blower fan 7 can provide different wind speed and meet different demands；Meal outlet 62 is connected with duff pipe 8, and the duff pipe 8 is to extend to
Straight tube at 1 light-emitting window 12 of cylinder, the powder in powder chamber 6 send into molten bath by duff pipe 8；The powder chamber 6 and duff pipe 8
Junction a point dressing sieve 9 is set, described point of dressing sieve 9 is the thin plate being arranged between powder chamber 6 and duff pipe 8, arranges on thin plate
Some equal in magnitude and equally distributed point of powder hole 91, powder enter duff pipe 8 through point powder hole 91 on undue dressing sieve 9, pass through
The powder stream that divides after dressing sieve 9 becomes uniform, and speed is also consistent, it is ensured that the stable and precision of powder feeding；It is cased with outside the duff pipe 8 defeated
Trachea 10, through the straight tube slightly larger than 8 external diameter of duff pipe, 10 upper end closed lower ending opening of appendix, gas transmission in the appendix 10
10 upper end of pipe arranges collimation shielding gas conveying entrance 101, is supplied gas into appendix 10 by air supply plant, and collimation shielding gas is parallel
Surround powder feeding pipe to export downwards, form the annular collimation shielding gas for surrounding duff pipe 8, converge the powder from the output of duff pipe 8
In the annular ring, it is ensured that the convergence precision of powder；8 end of the duff pipe arranges out powder mouth 13, described go out powder mouth 13 on set
The flour opening 131 that some confession powder flow out is put, the flour opening 131 is up big and down small bellmouth, beneficial to the convergence of powder, goes out
Powder hole 131 can provide that quantity is indefinite, and the indefinite multiple via design schemes of size, to meet the needs of various productions.
Angular transducer 14 is set in cylinder 1, when nozzle run-off the straight, angular transducer 14 sends letter to air supply plant
Number, air supply plant is controlled to the output of shielding gas after receiving signal, enables air supply plant when nozzle inclination works
Tolerance protected by enough appropriate collimations that increases, and makes powder still keep certain deflection, reduces the dispersion of powder, meet actual production
The cladding of middle different angles needs, and solves existing nozzle powder when certain angle cladding is carried out well and is affected by gravity sternly
The problem of weight.
The lower end of cylinder 1 arranges protective cover 15, arranges the annular collimation for surrounding 1 light-emitting window 12 of cylinder in the protective cover 15
Shielding gas 16.By the setting, during cladding, protective cover 15 with reflection laser and can block the powder for disorderly splashing, and improve laser utilization
Rate and powder using efficiency, effective protection equipment and personal security；And, the annular collimation shielding gas 16 further prevents powder
Splash, while causing whole molten bath to be located under shielding gas, completely cut off external environment condition, the generation of anti-oxidation.
1 lower end of cylinder arranges the spiral cooling water channel 17 around appendix 10, is also provided with cooling-water duct on protective cover 15
18.By the setting, cooling water channel is divided to inside and outside two jacket water roads to be respectively acting on 1 lower end of cylinder and protective cover 15, to herein
Key position cooled down in time, prevent splash powder stream or too high heat component is caused damage.Inner cold water path
Using spiral design, cooling water is flowed into from top, and lower section is flowed out, and improves cooling effectiveness effective protection nozzle, outer cooling water
Mainly outer protective cover 15 is cooled down.
Go out powder mouth 13 for being detachably arranged in 8 end of duff pipe, the described powder mouth 13 that goes out is made up of red copper, red copper laser
Reflectance is higher, and heat conductivility is preferable.Described go out powder mouth 13 be threaded connection with duff pipe 8 because going out powder mouth 13 near molten
Pond, strong laser necessarily cause damage to the end during prolonged use, affect the output effect of powder stream.This
Sample end can be changed in time in infringement, improve production efficiency.
The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, it is noted that for the ordinary skill people of the art
For member, on the premise of without departing from the technology of the present invention principle, some improvement and modification can also be made, above-mentioned hypothesis these
Improve and modification also should be regarded as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of laser melting-painting nozzle, including cylinder, the top and bottom of the cylinder open up light inlet and light-emitting window, cylinder respectively
Beam expanding lens, spectroscope are set gradually at light inlet in vivo from top to bottom, and the spectroscope longitudinal section is triangle and minute surface
Towards light inlet, on the cylinder inboard wall of the spectroscope both sides, illuminator is respectively provided with, the illuminator minute surface and spectroscope mirror
Face is relative, also sets up and the two illuminators corresponding condenser lenses of difference, make from illuminator directive light-emitting window on the cylinder inboard wall
Light through condenser lenses convergence after enter back into molten bath, it is characterised in that：Powder chamber, institute is fixedly installed below the spectroscope
State the upper and lower opening that is of powder chamber to arrange, multiple powdering inlets being spaced apart, the powder are set on the side wall of powder chamber upper end
Last entrance is uniformly distributed on same circumference, arranges small blast fan at powder chamber upper shed, and powder chamber under shed is meal outlet；
The meal outlet connects duff pipe, and the duff pipe is to extend to the straight tube at cylinder light-emitting window；The powder chamber and duff pipe
Junction a point dressing sieve is set, described point of dressing sieve is lamellar, arranges some points of powder holes thereon；Gas transmission is cased with outside the duff pipe
Through being slightly larger than duff pipe external diameter in pipe, the appendix, collimation shielding gas conveying entrance is set on appendix；The duff pipe end
End arranges out powder mouth, described go out powder mouth on the flour opening that some confession powder flow out is set, the flour opening is up big and down small cone
Shape hole.
2. a kind of laser melting-painting nozzle according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Angle sensor is set in described cylinder
Device, when nozzle run-off the straight, angular transducer sends signal, and the conveying capacity of control increase collimation shielding gas reduces powder
Segregation.
3. a kind of laser melting-painting nozzle according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterised in that：The lower end of the cylinder is arranged to be protected
The annular collimation shielding gas for surrounding cylinder light-emitting window is set in shield, the protective cover.
4. a kind of laser melting-painting nozzle according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterised in that：The cylinder lower end arranges and surround
The spiral cooling water channel of appendix.
5. a kind of laser melting-painting nozzle according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The described powder mouth that goes out is removably to set
It is placed in duff pipe end.
6. a kind of laser melting-painting nozzle according to claim 5, it is characterised in that：The described powder mouth that goes out is made up of red copper.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510058197.9A CN104611696B (en) | 2015-02-02 | 2015-02-02 | A kind of laser melting-painting nozzle |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510058197.9A CN104611696B (en) | 2015-02-02 | 2015-02-02 | A kind of laser melting-painting nozzle |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN104611696A CN104611696A (en) | 2015-05-13 |
| CN104611696B true CN104611696B (en) | 2017-03-15 |
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| CN201510058197.9A Active CN104611696B (en) | 2015-02-02 | 2015-02-02 | A kind of laser melting-painting nozzle |
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| CN105499791A (en) * | 2015-12-22 | 2016-04-20 | 中国航空工业集团公司北京航空制造工程研究所 | Split laser focusing and coaxial fusing laser head and coaxial laser fused modeling device |
| CN105821408B (en) * | 2016-05-03 | 2018-06-05 | 中国航空工业集团公司北京航空材料研究院 | The process of TC4-DT titanium alloys is repaired using laser melting coating |
| CN106929847B (en) * | 2017-05-12 | 2022-11-25 | 温州大学 | Atmosphere protection assembly and laser cladding atmosphere protection device |
| CN107130240A (en) * | 2017-06-29 | 2017-09-05 | 温州大学 | Laser melting-painting nozzle, laser cladding apparatus and laser cover melting method |
| US11022987B2 (en) * | 2017-07-21 | 2021-06-01 | Carlisle Fluid Technologies, Inc. | Systems and methods for improved control of impingement mixing |
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| CN110438492A (en) * | 2019-09-01 | 2019-11-12 | 陕西天元智能再制造股份有限公司 | A kind of recyclable laser cladding apparatus recycled of reflected light |
| CN110424011B (en) * | 2019-09-06 | 2021-07-30 | 武汉洛克斯模具技术有限公司 | Laser cladding powder feeding device |
| CN110791757B (en) * | 2019-12-09 | 2021-10-29 | 安徽省春谷3D打印智能装备产业技术研究院有限公司 | Deep hole laser cladding head convenient to dismouting |
| CN111005016A (en) * | 2019-12-27 | 2020-04-14 | 浙江工业大学 | Scanning galvanometer-assisted supersonic laser composite high-speed deposition device |
| CN110923706A (en) * | 2019-12-31 | 2020-03-27 | 华南理工大学 | Laser cladding device based on 3D prints and nozzle thereof |
| FR3118598B1 (en) | 2021-01-04 | 2023-06-23 | Sotimeco | LASER 3D PRINTING HEAD |
| CN113930758A (en) * | 2021-09-23 | 2022-01-14 | 苏州大学 | High-adaptability anti-oxidation laser cladding device |
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