CN110331396A - Ring type coaxial powder-feeding laser nozzle - Google Patents
Ring type coaxial powder-feeding laser nozzle Download PDFInfo
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- CN110331396A CN110331396A CN201910598695.0A CN201910598695A CN110331396A CN 110331396 A CN110331396 A CN 110331396A CN 201910598695 A CN201910598695 A CN 201910598695A CN 110331396 A CN110331396 A CN 110331396A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C24/00—Coating starting from inorganic powder
- C23C24/08—Coating starting from inorganic powder by application of heat or pressure and heat
- C23C24/10—Coating starting from inorganic powder by application of heat or pressure and heat with intermediate formation of a liquid phase in the layer
Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of ring type coaxial powder-feeding laser nozzle; including nozzle body and the amyloid plaque regulating device being arranged on nozzle body, the dust feeder for conveying powder, the protection device of air for conveying protection gas and for carrying out cooling cooling device to nozzle, the nozzle body includes interior mouth, intermediate sleeve and the shell being sequentially coaxially socketed from the inside to the outside；The dust feeder include powder inlet, into powder channel, powder accelerating cavity and ring taper converge chamber；The powder inlet is opened on the top side wall of intermediate sleeve, it is described into powder channel be your tubular structure of farad, it is set to the tangential direction of the powder accelerating cavity outer circle, the powder accelerating cavity is located at the top of the convergence chamber, and the convergence chamber is made of the ring tapered gaps between the internal taper hole of intermediate sleeve and the male cone (strobilus masculinus) of interior mouth；The present invention can converge intracavitary formation cyclone, and realize that powder feeding diameter is adjustable by amyloid plaque regulating device, meet the hand work requirement of laser melting coating.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the coaxial powder-feeding technical fields of laser melting coating, more specifically, are related to a kind of ring type coaxial powder-feeding
Laser nozzle.
Background technique
Laser melting and coating technique is a kind of new process for modifying surface, has and does not almost have with matrix in the selection of metallurgical bonding powder
It is restricted, it the advantages that material consumption is few, high degree of automation, has a wide range of applications in industries such as aviation, automobile, electric power.
The supply method part of cladding material in laser melting coating is divided into two kinds of powder feeding dresses of coaxial powder-feeding and non-coaxial powder feeding
It sets.Wherein, the structure of traditional coaxial cladding head are as follows: to converge laser beam by the fixed lens group of central axes, along same
The symmetrical powder feeding runner in central axes realizes the convergence of powder stream, and laser beam and powder stream all converge on same axis.
But in practical applications, existing coaxial powder feeding apparatus there are powder feeding not enough uniformly and amyloid plaque diameter not
Adjustable drawback.
So needing a kind of adjustable laser nozzle of amyloid plaque diameter.
Summary of the invention
In view of the above problems, in laser melting coating and laser fast shaping, in order to which alloy powder is precisely sent to, the present invention
Devise a kind of ring type coaxial powder-feeding laser nozzle.
Ring type coaxial powder-feeding laser nozzle provided by the invention, including nozzle body and the powder being arranged on nozzle body
Spot regulating device, the dust feeder for conveying powder, for convey protection gas protection device of air and for nozzle into
The cooling cooling device of row, nozzle body includes interior mouth, intermediate sleeve and the shell being sequentially coaxially socketed from the inside to the outside；Dust feeder
Chamber is converged including powder inlet, into powder channel, powder accelerating cavity and ring taper；Powder inlet is opened on the top side wall of intermediate sleeve,
It is la farr pipe shape structure into powder channel, is set to the tangential direction of powder accelerating cavity outer circle；Powder accelerating cavity is located at convergence chamber
Top, convergence chamber be made of the ring tapered gaps between the internal taper hole of intermediate sleeve and the male cone (strobilus masculinus) of interior mouth；Wherein, laser beam passes through
By interior mouth axis, focuses on workpiece to be processed and form laser molten pool；Powder is entered under carrier gas effect by powder inlet, by into powder
Channel enters powder accelerating cavity, forms tornado cyclone in powder accelerating cavity, cyclone sprays annular powder after converging chamber
Stream, annular powder stream converge to laser molten pool and form cladding layer.
Preferably, amyloid plaque regulating device includes for adjusting interior mouth to realize interior mouth along the longitudinal direction that nozzle-axis moves up and down
Adjust unit and for realizing interior mouth along the lateral adjustments bolt moved perpendicular to nozzle-axis direction；Longitudinal adjustment mechanism includes
Adjusting knob, driving member and the central axis for connecting adjusting knob and driving member；Driving member passes through the top of spline and interior mouth
Portion is meshed.
Preferably, nozzle body is fixed on laser head by mounting blocks, and lateral adjustments bolt is along perpendicular to nozzle-axis
Direction pass through mounting blocks side wall, the front end of lateral adjustments bolt connects longitudinal adjustment mechanism；Lateral adjustments bolt is symmetrical
On mounting blocks；Mounting blocks are bolted on laser head.
Preferably, protection device of air is opened in intermediate sleeve, and protection device of air includes protection gas import, ring protection gas point
Gas channel is protected with chamber and ring taper；Ring protection gas distribution cavity is set to the top in protection gas channel, and protection gas channel is surround
It is set to the outside of convergence chamber；Protection gas self-shield gas import enters protection gas distribution cavity, molten in laser through overprotection gas channel
The periphery in pond forms the protection compression ring of a back taper.
Preferably, cooling device includes water inlet, water outlet and the heat exchange chamber for being connected to water inlet and water outlet；Shell
The outside of convergence chamber is socketed in hollow back taper；Heat exchange chamber is formed between shell and intermediate sleeve；Heat exchange chamber is by partition
It is divided into the cold chamber of semi-circular and the hot chamber of semi-circular, cold chamber and hot chamber are symmetricly set on nozzle-axis two sides, are arranged on partition useful
In the limbers for being connected to cold chamber and hot chamber.
Preferably, shell is copper piece；Powder inlet and water inlet are provided in intermediate sleeve；Also, in powder inlet and water inlet
Sealing ring is provided at mouthful.
Preferably, interior mouth is connected through a screw thread with intermediate sleeve, and intermediate sleeve is bolted with shell.
Preferably, the setting quantity of lateral adjustments bolt is 2-6 group.
Preferably, protection gas import is provided in intermediate sleeve；Also, protection gas entrance is provided with sealing ring.
Using the above-mentioned adjustable coaxial powder feeding head of amyloid plaque diameter, by the way that shear cyclone structure is arranged, in laser melting coating and swash
When light rapid shaping, alloy powder is precisely sent to inside laser molten pool, meets the requirement of laser melting coating retrofit technique；This hair
It is bright to improve efficiency reduction production cost, while expanding technique application range, effective protection cladding layer, and then improve cladding
The quality of production.
To the accomplishment of the foregoing and related purposes, one or more aspects of the present invention includes the spy being particularly described below
Sign.Certain illustrative aspects of the invention is described in detail in the following description and the annexed drawings.However, these aspect instructions are only
It is that some of the various ways in the principles of the present invention can be used.In addition, the present invention is intended to include all such aspects with
And their equivalent.
Detailed description of the invention
By reference to the explanation below in conjunction with attached drawing, and with a more complete understanding of the present invention, of the invention is other
Purpose and result will be more clearly understood and understood.In the accompanying drawings:
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram according to the ring type coaxial powder-feeding laser nozzle of the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the structural schematic diagram according to the amyloid plaque regulating device of the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is the structural schematic diagram according to the longitudinal adjustment mechanism of the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 4 is the structural schematic diagram according to the dust feeder of the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 5 is the structural schematic diagram according to the protection device of air of the embodiment of the present invention.
Appended drawing reference therein includes:
Identical label indicates similar or corresponding feature or function in all the appended drawings.
11, interior mouth；12, intermediate sleeve；13, shell；14, laser beam；15, focus；16, interior mouth outer wall；20, amyloid plaque adjusts dress
It sets；21, adjusting knob；22, driving member；23, mounting blocks；24；Lateral adjustments bolt；25, external screw thread；41, into powder channel；42,
Powder accelerating cavity；43, chamber is converged；44, powder inlet；45, cyclone；46, annular powder stream；51, gas import is protected；52, gas is protected
Distribution cavity；53, gas channel is protected；54, compression ring is protected；55, protection gas outlet；61, cooling water inlet；62, heat exchange chamber.
Specific embodiment
In the following description, for purposes of illustration, it in order to provide the comprehensive understanding to one or more embodiments, explains
Many details are stated.It may be evident, however, that these embodiments can also be realized without these specific details.
In other examples, one or more embodiments for ease of description, well known structure and equipment are shown in block form an.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that, term " center ", " longitudinal direction ", " transverse direction ", " length ", " width ",
" thickness ", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom" "inner", "outside", " up time
The orientation or positional relationship of the instructions such as needle ", " counterclockwise ", " axial direction ", " radial direction ", " circumferential direction " be orientation based on the figure or
Positional relationship is merely for convenience of description of the present invention and simplification of the description, rather than the device or element of indication or suggestion meaning must
There must be specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, therefore be not considered as limiting the invention.
The present invention utilizes the adjustable coaxial powder feeding head of amyloid plaque diameter, by the way that shear cyclone structure is arranged, in laser melting coating and
When laser fast shaping, alloy powder is precisely sent to inside laser molten pool, meets the requirement of laser melting coating retrofit technique.
Ring type coaxial powder-feeding laser nozzle of the invention is applied in laser melting and coating process, wherein laser melting coating has 3 weights
The technological parameter wanted, laser power, spot diameter and cladding speed；And amyloid plaque regulating device of the invention can be adapted to it is different
Spot diameter；Dust feeder can influence cladding speed.
Hereinafter, specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 shows the structural schematic diagram of ring type coaxial powder-feeding laser nozzle according to an embodiment of the present invention.
As shown in Figure 1, ring type coaxial powder-feeding laser nozzle provided in this embodiment, including nozzle body and setting are in nozzle
Amyloid plaque regulating device 20 on ontology, the dust feeder for conveying powder, for convey protection gas protection device of air and
For carrying out cooling cooling device to nozzle, constitute interior mouth 11, intermediate sleeve 12 and the shell 13 of nozzle body from the inside to the outside according to
Secondary coaxial socket；In a specific implementation of the invention, interior mouth 11 is connected through a screw thread with intermediate sleeve 12, also, in Nei Zui
11 are provided with sealing ring with the junction of intermediate sleeve 12；Intermediate sleeve 12 is bolted with shell 13.
In laser coaxial powder feeding cladding process:
Laser beam 14 focuses in the focus 15 of workpiece to be processed via the axis of interior mouth 11, forms laser molten pool.
Powder is entered under carrier gas effect by powder inlet 44, by into after powder channel 41, powder accelerating cavity 42, convergence chamber 43
Annular powder stream 46 is sprayed, annular powder stream 46 converges to laser molten pool and forms cladding layer.
It protects gas to form a back taper compression ring in the periphery of laser molten pool, intersects with workpiece to be processed surface, form one
A closed space, contacts with laser molten pool to completely cut off outside air, prevents cladding layer from aoxidizing at high temperature, and it is molten to play protection
The effect of coating.
The periphery of interior mouth 11 is arranged in cooling device, for cooling down nozzle, and then achievees the purpose that protect nozzle.
Wherein, it should be noted that laser molten pool refers to the alloyed powder that pond shape is fused into because of laser irradiation and base material portion
The liquid metal with certain geometrical shape being formed by workpiece when dividing cladding is called laser molten pool.
Focus 15 is located at the surface of workpiece to be processed；And laser beam 14 meets at focus 15 with annular powder stream 46, and
It is brought rapidly up fusing, after laser molten pool fusion, quickly forms cladding layer.
Fig. 2 shows the structural schematic diagrams of amyloid plaque regulating device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
As shown in Fig. 2, the amyloid plaque regulating device 20 in the present embodiment includes for adjusting interior mouth 11 to realize interior 11 edge of mouth
Longitudinal adjustment mechanism that nozzle-axis moves up and down and for realizing interior mouth 11 along the transverse direction moved perpendicular to nozzle-axis direction
Adjust bolt 24；
Specifically, gap of the lateral adjustments bolt 24 for mouth and intermediate sleeve in lateral adjustments.
Nozzle body is fixed on laser printhead or on the protection curtain of laser Machining head by mounting blocks 23；Mounting blocks
23 by bolt pattern be fixed on laser head or laser protect gas curtain on.Lateral adjustments bolt 24 is along perpendicular to nozzle shaft
The direction of line passes through 23 side wall of mounting blocks, and the front end of lateral adjustments bolt 24 connects longitudinal adjustment mechanism；Longitudinal adjustment mechanism is logical
Bolt is crossed to be fixed on mounting blocks 23.
In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the setting quantity of lateral adjustments bolt 24 is 1-6 group；Wherein, lateral adjustments
The best setting quantity of bolt 24 is 2 groups；Every group of quantity is 2；4 lateral adjustments bolts 24 symmetrical (uniform) are distributed in peace
It fills on block 23.
Amyloid plaque regulating device 20 may be implemented by adjusting cross bolts 24 for amyloid plaque regulating device 20 and mounting blocks 23 are opposite
Displacement, to realize the focus of laser beam 14 and being overlapped for amyloid plaque focus.
Fig. 3 shows the structural schematic diagram of longitudinal adjustment mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention.
As shown in figure 3, longitudinal adjustment mechanism include adjusting knob 21, driving member 22 and for connect adjusting knob 21 with
The central axis of driving member 22；Driving member 22 is meshed by spline with the top of interior mouth 11.By in the centre of adjusting knob 21
Central axis is set, to realize the rotation regulatory function of amyloid plaque regulating device 20.Specifically, interior mouth 11 passes through the outer spiral shell of column part
Line 25 is connected with the outer wall of powder accelerating cavity 42.Further, the setting of powder accelerating cavity 42 is in intermediate sleeve 12, intermediate sleeve
12 junction is provided with sealing ring.
By amyloid plaque regulating device 20 for being adapted to different spot diameters, it should be noted that spot diameter, laser beam
It is generally circular in cross section in laser fast shaping.Cladding layer width depends primarily on the spot diameter of laser beam, and spot diameter increases,
Cladding layer broadens.Spot size difference can cause clad layer surface Energy distribution to change, cladding layer pattern and tissue obtained
Performance has bigger difference.In general, under small size hot spot, quality of cladding layer is preferable, as spot size increases, cladding layer
Quality decline.But spot diameter is too small, is unfavorable for obtaining the cladding layer of large area.Therefore, the present invention passes through amyloid plaque regulating device
20 powder convergent points and the relative position of laser spot 15 can vertically, radially adjust, and suitability is stronger, and it is more convenient to operate.
In conclusion the adjusting knob 21 and driving member 22 by longitudinal adjustment mechanism drive interior mouth 11 to rotate, intermediate sleeve
12 is motionless, and then realizes the upper and lower displacement of interior mouth 11, and the gap size for converging chamber 43 by ring taper is adjustable, reaches adaptation cladding
The technical effect of the powder of different granularities.
Fig. 4 shows the structural schematic diagram of dust feeder according to an embodiment of the present invention.
As shown in figure 4, the dust feeder in the present embodiment include powder inlet 44, into powder channel 41, powder accelerating cavity 42 with
And ring taper converges chamber 43；Powder inlet 44 is opened on the top side wall of intermediate sleeve 12, is set to powder accelerating cavity into powder channel 41
The tangential direction of outer circle is la farr pipe shape into powder channel 41, and powder accelerating cavity 42 is located at the top of convergence chamber 43, converges chamber 43
It is made of the ring tapered gaps between the internal taper hole of intermediate sleeve 12 and the male cone (strobilus masculinus) (mouth outer wall 16 in namely) of interior mouth 11.
It should be noted that the quantity into powder channel 41 can be designed as 2-6, and in the preferred embodiment, into powder
The quantity in channel is 4；That is, 4 tangential powder inlets (i.e. into powder channel 41), and powder is arranged in powder accelerating cavity 42
Channel long enough is conducive to the uniformity for improving the convergence of powder.Alloy powder is output to distributing valve by powder feeder, in distributing valve
It is inside uniformly assigned to via 4 powder inlets of nozzle corresponding into powder channel 41.
Wherein, it should be noted that the flow and flow rate for adjusting compressed gas is the key that realize material pneumatic conveying skill
Art factor；Widened jet pipe after first shrinking, is called la farr pipe.By changing the minimum flow area of inlet, and then adjust
Flow through the gas flow of la farr pipe；When conveying material in closed conduit, sky stable in pipeline is provided using dragging method pipe
Throughput, and then adjust the working efficiency and proportioning accuracy of air-transport system.
That is, carry powder gas by la farr pipe shape structure into venturi effect can be generated behind powder channel 41, it is high
Speed carries powder gas and enters powder accelerating cavity 42 from 4 directions of 42 tangent line of powder accelerating cavity, is formed after high-speed rotating cyclone again
Shaping is converged into ring taper convergence chamber 43.
It should be noted that Venturi effect, also referred to as venturi effect.This phenomenon is with its finder, Italian physics
Family's venturi (Giovanni Battista Venturi) is named.The effect shows restricted flow in the overcurrent by reducing
When section, there is the phenomenon that flow velocity increase in fluid, and flow velocity is inversely proportional with flow section.And the increasing of flow velocity is known by Bernoulli's theorem
The big reduction with Fluid pressure, i.e., common venturi phenomenon.Generally, this effect refers in swiftly flowing fluid
Low pressure can be nearby generated, to generate suction-operated.That is, fluid in the catheter can increase in caliber narrow part flow velocity
Add, the reduction of the adjoint Fluid pressure of the increase of flow velocity.
Specifically, cyclone is by quickly rotating and the air-flow of upright hollow tubular being caused to be formed.Shape is generally all in
Up big and down small funnel-form, lower part generally with ground face contact.Its formation is related with low pressure and the wind direction of rotation.
It is uniformly distributed into powder channel 41 along 42 excircle of powder accelerating cavity (outer wall) for ring type nozzle, with formed rationally and
Adjustable gas powder runner to guarantee the continuous, stable and uniform of powder feeding, and can guarantee the accurate convergence of powder.
It should be noted that carrying powder gas using inert gas, but carries powder gas deficiency and think that laser molten pool mentions
It is hidden to must be provided with dedicated protection gas conveying device for enough protections.In the particular embodiment, protection gas and load powder gas
Body is nitrogen, argon gas or helium.
According to Fig.4, with the lasting input for carrying powder gas, cavity pressure keeps high-pressure state, in the knot of inner cone
The funnel-form high speed rotation cyclone for being similar to cyclone form is formed under the influence of structure, the pressure moment when leaving convergence chamber 43 and exporting
Reduce, carries powder gas and again speed up, and converge within laser molten pool.
In conclusion powder is entered under carrier gas effect by powder inlet 44, by entering powder accelerating cavity into powder channel 41
42, tornado cyclone 45 is formed in powder accelerating cavity 42, cyclone 45 sprays annular powder stream 46, annular after converging chamber 43
Powder stream 46 converges to laser molten pool and forms cladding layer.
Fig. 5 shows the structural schematic diagram of protection device of air according to an embodiment of the present invention.
As shown in figure 5, in the present embodiment protect device of air be opened in intermediate sleeve 12, protection device of air include protection gas into
Mouth 51, ring protection gas distribution cavity 52, tapered array protection gas channel 53 and protection gas outlet 55；Ring protection gas distribution cavity
52 are set to the top in protection gas channel 53, and protection gas channel 53 is around the outside for being set to convergence chamber 43；Protect gas self-shield
Gas import 51 enters protection gas distribution cavity 52, through overprotection gas channel 53, sprays at self-shield gas outlet 55, in laser molten pool
Periphery forms the protection compression ring 54 of a back taper；Protecting gas and carrying powder gas is nitrogen, argon gas or helium.
Wherein, protection gas channel 53 is arranged in 62 inside of heat exchange chamber, converges in the outboard cone of chamber 43, protects gas channel
53 tops are provided with the hollow protection gas distribution cavity 52 of circular ring shape, and protection gas distribution cavity 52 is connected with protection gas channel 53, protect
53 array parallel of gas channel is protected in convergence 43 outer wall of chamber；Protecting gas channel 53 is parallel port array (the i.e. taper battle array of back taper
Column protection gas channel), protection gas can expand after spraying at protection gas outlet 55 because of the reduction of pressure to become larger, to make array
The hardware gap of interchannel can quickly fill under the action of protection gas mutual extrusion upon inflation, form the gas of a back taper
Ring.
Meanwhile because of the reason of carrying powder gas pressure, generated gas pressure is much larger than outside compression ring among compression ring
Pressure, make protective gas will not to contract (will affect clad layer surface molding), only can after being contacted with workpiece surface to
External diffusion completely cuts off contact of the laser molten pool with outside air, plays protection laser to form a hollow back taper compression ring
The effect in molten bath.
In conclusion in the prior art, protection gas, which directly sprays to laser molten pool, can dispel alloy powder, so as to cause reduction
Powder using efficiency increases manufacturing cost, while reducing production efficiency, also affects the surface layer molding effect of cladding layer.And
Above-mentioned technical proposal forms protection compression ring 54 through the invention, it will be able to effectively solve the above problems.
Because nozzle head is closer away from laser molten pool when working, nozzle head is in laser molten pool hyperthermia radiation and laser reflection light
It can be rapidly heated under double action, and because the gap of convergence chamber 43 is relatively small, the powder under high temperature can block convergence 43 He of chamber
Meal outlet forces processing to be cut off, it is therefore desirable to cooling device be arranged.
Cooling device includes water inlet 61, water outlet and the heat exchange chamber 62 for being connected to water inlet 61 and water outlet；Shell
The outside of convergence chamber 43 is socketed in hollow back taper；Heat exchange chamber 62 is formed between shell 13 and intermediate sleeve 12；Heat exchange
Chamber 62 is divided into the cold chamber of semi-circular and the hot chamber of semi-circular by partition, and cold chamber and hot chamber are symmetricly set on nozzle-axis two sides, on partition
Limbers for being connected to cold chamber Yu the hot chamber is set.Cooling water enters 12 by the limbers of cold chamber and hot chamber and carries out hot friendship
It changes jobs.
In short, heat exchange chamber 62 is set to nozzle head lowest part, when work, is located near laser molten pool.Heat exchange chamber 62 is in
Hollow back taper is enclosed in around convergence chamber 43, and (thermal conductivity is good, laser reflectivity using oxygen-free copper for the shell of heat exchange chamber 62
It is high) it is made, cooling water termination can be delivered thermal energy to by way of heat transfer and cooling water carries out heat exchange, and cooling water is being handed over
It is abundant to change chamber internal flow, it is big with 62 contact area of heat exchange chamber, it can preferably realize the protection to feeding head and guarantee cladding
Everything goes well with your work carries out.
In one particular embodiment of the present invention, during powder inlet 44, water inlet 61 and protection gas import 51 are provided with
Between set 12 on, be provided with sealing ring in powder inlet, water inlet.
In conclusion laser coaxial powder feeding cladding process of the invention includes that laser beam 14 is focused on via nozzle-axis
Focus 15；Alloy powder is sprayed and is converged in carrier gas effect lower edge convergence chamber 43, is met at laser spot 15 with laser beam 14
And it is brought rapidly up fusing, cladding layer is formed with rapid condensation after laser molten pool fusion.Peripheral shape of the protective gas in laser molten pool
At the protection compression ring 54 of a back taper, intersect with workpiece surface, form a closed space, completely cuts off outside air and laser
Molten bath contact prevents cladding layer from aoxidizing at high temperature, plays the role of protecting cladding layer.
The knot of ring type coaxial powder-feeding laser nozzle according to the present invention is described in an illustrative manner above with reference to Fig. 1-Fig. 5
Structure.It will be understood by those skilled in the art, however, that for the ring type coaxial powder-feeding laser nozzle that aforementioned present invention is proposed, also
Various improvement can be made on the basis of not departing from the content of present invention.Therefore, protection scope of the present invention should be by appended
The content of claims determines.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of ring type coaxial powder-feeding laser nozzle is adjusted including nozzle body and the amyloid plaque being arranged on the nozzle body
Device, the dust feeder for conveying powder protect the protection device of air of gas and for cooling down to nozzle for conveying
Cooling device, which is characterized in that
The nozzle body includes interior mouth, intermediate sleeve and the shell being sequentially coaxially socketed from the inside to the outside；
The dust feeder include powder inlet, into powder channel, powder accelerating cavity and ring taper converge chamber；The powder inlet opens up
On the top side wall of the intermediate sleeve, it is described into powder channel be la farr pipe shape structure, be set to outside the powder accelerating cavity
Round tangential direction；The powder accelerating cavity is located at the top of the convergence chamber, and the chamber that converges is by the inner cone of the intermediate sleeve
Ring tapered gaps between hole and the male cone (strobilus masculinus) of the interior mouth are constituted；Wherein,
Laser beam focuses on workpiece to be processed and forms laser molten pool via the interior mouth axis；Powder carrier gas effect under by into
Powder mouth enters, and enters the powder accelerating cavity into powder channel by described, forms tornado cyclone in the powder accelerating cavity,
The cyclone sprays annular powder stream after the convergence chamber, the annular powder stream converge to the laser molten pool formed it is molten
Coating.
2. ring type coaxial powder-feeding laser nozzle according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the amyloid plaque regulating device includes
The longitudinal adjustment mechanism that is moved up and down for adjusting the interior mouth with realizing the interior mouth along the nozzle-axis and for realizing
The interior mouth is along the lateral adjustments bolt moved perpendicular to the nozzle-axis direction；
The longitudinal adjustment mechanism includes adjusting knob, driving member and for connecting the adjusting knob and the driving member
Central axis；The driving member at the top of spline and the interior mouth by being meshed.
3. ring type coaxial powder-feeding laser nozzle according to claim 2, which is characterized in that the nozzle body passes through installation
Block is fixed on laser head, and the lateral adjustments bolt passes through mounting blocks side wall, institute along the direction perpendicular to the nozzle-axis
The front end for stating lateral adjustments bolt connects the longitudinal adjustment mechanism；The lateral adjustments bolt is symmetrically distributed in the mounting blocks
On.
4. ring type coaxial powder-feeding laser nozzle according to claim 1, which is characterized in that
The protection device of air is opened in the intermediate sleeve, and the protection device of air includes protection gas import, ring protection gas
Distribution cavity and ring taper protect gas channel；The ring protection gas distribution cavity is set to the top in the protection gas channel, described
Protection gas channel is around the outside for being set to the convergence chamber；
Gas is protected to enter the protection gas distribution cavity from the protection gas import, by the protection gas channel, in the laser
The periphery in molten bath forms the protection compression ring of a back taper.
5. ring type coaxial powder-feeding laser nozzle according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the cooling device includes water inlet
The heat exchange chamber of mouth, water outlet and the connection water inlet and the water outlet；
The shell is socketed in the outside of the convergence chamber in hollow back taper；It is formed between the shell and the intermediate sleeve
Heat exchange chamber；The heat exchange chamber is divided into the cold chamber of semi-circular and the hot chamber of semi-circular by partition, and the cold chamber and the hot chamber are symmetrical
It is arranged in the nozzle-axis two sides, the limbers for being connected to the cold chamber Yu the hot chamber is provided on the partition.
6. ring type coaxial powder-feeding laser nozzle according to claim 5, which is characterized in that
The shell is copper piece；
The powder inlet and water inlet are provided in the intermediate sleeve；Also, it is respectively provided in the powder inlet and water inlet
There is sealing ring.
7. ring type coaxial powder-feeding laser nozzle according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the interior mouth and the intermediate sleeve
It is connected through a screw thread, the intermediate sleeve is bolted with the shell.
8. ring type coaxial powder-feeding laser nozzle according to claim 3, which is characterized in that the lateral adjustments bolt is set
Setting quantity is 2-6 group.
9. ring type coaxial powder-feeding laser nozzle according to claim 4, which is characterized in that the protection gas import is provided with
In the intermediate sleeve；Also, the protection gas entrance is provided with sealing ring.
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| CN201910598695.0A CN110331396B (en) | 2019-07-04 | 2019-07-04 | Ring type coaxial powder feeding laser nozzle |
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| CN201910598695.0A CN110331396B (en) | 2019-07-04 | 2019-07-04 | Ring type coaxial powder feeding laser nozzle |
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| CN111118497A (en) * | 2020-02-18 | 2020-05-08 | 浙江工业大学 | Split magnetic field auxiliary coaxial laser cladding device with adjustable field intensity distribution |
| CN111139470A (en) * | 2020-01-15 | 2020-05-12 | 南京辉锐光电科技有限公司 | High-speed laser cladding nozzle and laser cladding equipment |
| CN111286732A (en) * | 2020-02-24 | 2020-06-16 | 厦门大学 | Efficient laser cladding head capable of self-preheating powder feeding in hollow light |
| CN111850547A (en) * | 2020-07-24 | 2020-10-30 | 西安建筑科技大学 | Multi-shaft ultrahigh-speed laser cladding nozzle |
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| CN111118497A (en) * | 2020-02-18 | 2020-05-08 | 浙江工业大学 | Split magnetic field auxiliary coaxial laser cladding device with adjustable field intensity distribution |
| CN111286732A (en) * | 2020-02-24 | 2020-06-16 | 厦门大学 | Efficient laser cladding head capable of self-preheating powder feeding in hollow light |
| CN111850547A (en) * | 2020-07-24 | 2020-10-30 | 西安建筑科技大学 | Multi-shaft ultrahigh-speed laser cladding nozzle |
| CN111850547B (en) * | 2020-07-24 | 2024-04-12 | 西安建筑科技大学 | Multi-shaft ultra-high-speed laser cladding spray head |
| CN112139502A (en) * | 2020-10-23 | 2020-12-29 | 南京航空航天大学 | Inner wall additive manufacturing coaxial powder feeding nozzle with self-cleaning function |
| CN113463085A (en) * | 2021-05-31 | 2021-10-01 | 鲍克伦 | Shower nozzle is used in laser cladding restoration |
| CN113802116A (en) * | 2021-08-24 | 2021-12-17 | 华南理工大学 | Heterogeneous multi-material laser cladding nozzle and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN113857497A (en) * | 2021-09-29 | 2021-12-31 | 重庆理工大学 | Carrier gas powder mixing type coaxial powder feeding nozzle for additive manufacturing |
| CN113618086A (en) * | 2021-10-05 | 2021-11-09 | 哈尔滨理工大学 | Coaxial powder feeding nozzle device with high precision and high stability |
| CN114086171A (en) * | 2021-10-07 | 2022-02-25 | 江苏大学 | Multi-station coaxial powder feeding type nozzle suitable for ultrahigh-speed laser cladding |
| CN115537801A (en) * | 2022-08-24 | 2022-12-30 | 安徽中科春谷激光产业技术研究院有限公司 | Real-time online detection anti-blocking powder device of laser cladding equipment |
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