CN113618086A - Coaxial powder feeding nozzle device with high precision and high stability - Google Patents

Coaxial powder feeding nozzle device with high precision and high stability Download PDF

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Publication number
CN113618086A
CN113618086A CN202111167376.8A CN202111167376A CN113618086A CN 113618086 A CN113618086 A CN 113618086A CN 202111167376 A CN202111167376 A CN 202111167376A CN 113618086 A CN113618086 A CN 113618086A
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laser
precision
powder feeding
nozzle device
stability
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张元�
陈瑶
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Harbin University of Science and Technology
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Harbin University of Science and Technology
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Priority to CN202111167376.8A priority Critical patent/CN113618086A/en
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22FWORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F12/00Apparatus or devices specially adapted for additive manufacturing; Auxiliary means for additive manufacturing; Combinations of additive manufacturing apparatus or devices with other processing apparatus or devices
    • B22F12/50Means for feeding of material, e.g. heads
    • B22F12/53Nozzles
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22FWORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F10/00Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
    • B22F10/20Direct sintering or melting
    • B22F10/25Direct deposition of metal particles, e.g. direct metal deposition [DMD] or laser engineered net shaping [LENS]
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B33ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
    • B33YADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
    • B33Y30/00Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02PCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P10/00Technologies related to metal processing
    • Y02P10/25Process efficiency

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Laser Beam Processing (AREA)

Abstract

本发明提供了一种高精度高稳定性的同轴送粉喷嘴装置,该装置包括激光部分、传感器部分、可调间隙结构部分、冷却保护部分;其特征在于:多激光束的控制与选择、传感器部分与可调结构配合,负责装置的稳定性;本发明的基本技术方案是:控制激光束的数量满足不同尺寸精度的工件要求;通过传感器测量加工位置信息与可调间隙结构的配合,稳定粉末焦点浓度和直径,从而为3D打印提供一种高精度高稳定性的同轴送粉喷嘴装置。

Figure 202111167376

The invention provides a high-precision and high-stability coaxial powder feeding nozzle device. The device includes a laser part, a sensor part, an adjustable gap structure part, and a cooling protection part; it is characterized by: control and selection of multiple laser beams, The sensor part cooperates with the adjustable structure and is responsible for the stability of the device; the basic technical scheme of the present invention is: controlling the number of laser beams to meet the requirements of workpieces with different dimensional accuracy; measuring the processing position information through the sensor and the coordination of the adjustable gap structure, stable Powder focus concentration and diameter, thus providing a high-precision and high-stability coaxial powder feeding nozzle device for 3D printing.

Figure 202111167376

Description

Coaxial powder feeding nozzle device with high precision and high stability
Technical Field
The invention is used for 3D printing, and belongs to the field of mechanical structure design, and relates to a 3D printing coaxial powder feeding nozzle device for processing a workpiece with high precision and high stability, in particular to a device for adjusting the clearance of a powder nozzle, the quantity of powder spraying and controlling the quantity of laser beams by feedback information of a sensor so as to improve the precision and the processing stability of the workpiece. Meanwhile, the nozzle can be efficiently cooled in time in a large-area annular sleeve water cooling mode, the effect of a cladding molten pool and laser heat radiation on the nozzle is reduced, and the service life of the nozzle is prolonged. Thereby for 3D prints and provides a coaxial powder feeding nozzle device of processing high accuracy, high stability.
Background
At present, the research on 3D printing equipment in China is rapidly developed, the application of the 3D printing equipment relates to a plurality of fields of aerospace, automobiles, biomedical treatment, buildings and the like, but the current 3D printing products have the disadvantages of low speed, low workpiece precision, poor working stability and difficult processing of workpieces with complex shapes in the processing process. The product quality problem greatly increases the limitation of the application of the 3D printing technology in various fields. The machining precision and other requirements in the fields of medical treatment, aerospace and the like are high, and the standard is difficult to reach.
The invention solves the defects to a great extent by the characteristics of high efficiency, stability, accuracy, applicability and the like, and improves the precision of 3D printing workpieces. In the aspect of processing, workpieces with different sizes can be efficiently processed by adjusting the powder spraying gap and controlling the quantity of laser beams, the processing precision is improved, the material waste is reduced, and the cost and the time are saved. The powder focusing concentration can be adjusted through different powder nozzle gaps, so that the powder utilization rate is improved.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a coaxial powder feeding spray head device for processing a high-precision workpiece;
the basic technical scheme is as follows: the clearance of the manual adjustment powder nozzle is calculated through the information fed back by the sensor measurement to meet the requirements of efficient and stable processing of workpieces with different precisions; the powder utilization rate is improved by adjusting the focal concentration and the diameter of different powder flows; the purpose of timely and rapid cooling is achieved through the large-area water cooling channel, and therefore the novel coaxial powder feeding nozzle device which is high in working efficiency, wide in processing range and good in product quality is provided for 3D printing.
The invention has the advantages that: the processing stability is improved by adjusting the size of the gap of the powder nozzle through feedback information of the distance sensor, so that energy-saving and environment-friendly additive manufacturing can be realized, the powder utilization rate is improved, and the processing cost is reduced; the concentration and the diameter of the powder flow focus are adjusted in real time according to different processing requirements, and the processing efficiency is correspondingly improved; meanwhile, the water cooling channel is sleeved with the large-area ring sleeve to cool the nozzle more directly and quickly, so that the nozzle can normally work at a proper temperature for a long time, and a feasible nozzle device is provided for processing products with high precision and stable quality.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a front view of a coaxial powder feeding nozzle device with high precision and high stability.
FIG. 2 is a top view of a coaxial powder feeding nozzle device with high precision and high stability.
FIG. 3 is a side view of a high precision and high stability coaxial powder feeding nozzle device.
FIG. 4 is a half-sectional view of a coaxial powder feeding nozzle device with high precision and stability.
FIG. 5 is a quarter sectional view of a coaxial powder feeding nozzle device with high precision and high stability.
FIG. 6 is a schematic axial view of a coaxial powder feeding nozzle device with high precision and high stability.
Wherein: 1 air hole, 2 connecting cylinders, 3 powder feeding holes, 4 powder cylinders, 5 protective air cylinders, 6 protective air holes, 7 inner cones, 8 middle cones, 9 outer cones, 10 central laser tubes, 11 outer ring laser tubes, 12 water inlets, 13 water outlets, 14 first sensor probes, 15 second sensor probes
The specific implementation mode is as follows:
the matching relationship and the function of the parts of the invention are explained below with the accompanying drawings:
as shown in fig. 1 and 4: the connecting cylinder 2 is connected with the powder cylinder 4 through a telescopic sleeve; the powder cylinder 4 is in threaded connection with the protection gas cylinder 5; the inner cone 7, the middle cone 8 and the outer cone 9 are respectively in threaded connection with the connecting cylinder 2, the powder cylinder 4 and the protection gas cylinder 5.
As shown in fig. 1, 4, and 5: a central laser tube 10 and eight outer ring laser tubes 11 are respectively connected with the connecting cylinder 2 and the inner cone 7 at the lower end part, and the upper end part is connected with a laser; the lower ends of the six powder feeding holes 3 are communicated with the spray head, the upper ends are connected with the powder feeding device, and the lower ends are connected with a powder spraying channel between the powder barrel 4 and the connecting barrel 2; the lower ends of the four cooling protective gas pipes 6 are connected with a protective gas channel between the powder cylinder 4 and the protective gas cylinder 5 and connected with a protective gas conveying device.
The working mode of the invention is explained below with the attached drawings:
as shown in fig. 1, 4, and 5: the sensor probes 14 and 15 feed back the detected powder focus diameter to an external device to calculate a reasonable gap, and then the telescopic sleeve between the connecting cylinder 2 and the powder cylinder 4 is manually controlled to adjust the powder spraying gap. The smaller powder spraying gap can improve the powder spraying speed and reduce the focal radius, but increases the kinetic energy loss and influences the flow of powder, an exact numerical value needs to be given through calculation and analysis, and the ideal adjusting range is within 1.5 mm-3.5 mm.
As shown in fig. 4 and 5: the laser controls the amount of laser beams according to the size and precision requirements of a workpiece, the laser beams are emitted from the nozzle after passing through the central laser tube 10 and the outer ring laser tube 11, and the laser beams are converged with metal powder at a processing point. The metal powder is conveyed to the powder feeding hole 3 by the powder storing and spraying device and is sprayed out. When the six powder feeding holes spray powder, the protective gas holes 6 convey protective gas, and cooling water is introduced into the water cooling channel to implement rapid water cooling so as to protect the nozzles.

Claims (3)

1.一种高精度高稳定性的同轴送粉喷嘴装置,包括传感器部分、手动调控部分、激光控制部分和冷却保护部分;其特征在于:传感器部分负责采集焦点位置信息,手动调控部分调整伸缩套筒结构负责将喷粉间隙调整到指定数值;激光控制部分负责控制激光束的数量与冷却保护部分配合对工件进行加工。1. A high-precision and high-stability coaxial powder feeding nozzle device, comprising a sensor part, a manual regulation part, a laser control part and a cooling protection part; it is characterized in that: the sensor part is responsible for collecting focal position information, and the manual regulation part adjusts telescopic The sleeve structure is responsible for adjusting the powder spray gap to the specified value; the laser control part is responsible for controlling the number of laser beams and the cooling protection part to process the workpiece. 2.根据权利要求1所述的一种高精度高稳定性的同轴送粉喷嘴装置,其特征还在于:激光由激光器根据加工件的尺寸及精度要求来控制激光束的多少,通过中心激光孔路(10)和外环激光孔路(11)后从喷嘴射出,在加工点处与金属粉末汇聚。2. A high-precision and high-stability coaxial powder feeding nozzle device according to claim 1, further characterized in that: the laser is controlled by the laser according to the size and precision requirements of the workpiece, and the laser beam is passed through the center laser. The hole path (10) and the outer ring laser hole path (11) are then ejected from the nozzle and converge with the metal powder at the processing point. 3.根据权利要求2所述的一种高精度高稳定性的同轴送粉喷嘴装置,其特征还在于:低温保护气可通过气孔(1)和保护气孔(6)输送至喷嘴进行冷却,并在喷射后起到保护及汇聚的作用;大面积环套水冷通道输送冷却水进行实时快速水冷,保护喷嘴。3. A high-precision and high-stability coaxial powder feeding nozzle device according to claim 2, further characterized in that: the cryogenic protective gas can be transported to the nozzle through the air hole (1) and the protective air hole (6) for cooling, And it plays the role of protection and convergence after spraying; the large-area annular water cooling channel transports cooling water for real-time rapid water cooling to protect the nozzle.
CN202111167376.8A 2021-10-05 2021-10-05 Coaxial powder feeding nozzle device with high precision and high stability Pending CN113618086A (en)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN115609016A (en) * 2022-09-16 2023-01-17 中航天地激光科技有限公司 A micro-additive device for laser spraying surface

Citations (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4724299A (en) * 1987-04-15 1988-02-09 Quantum Laser Corporation Laser spray nozzle and method
CN2707772Y (en) * 2004-06-15 2005-07-06 华南理工大学 Ring type coaxial laser cladding nozzle
CN201823642U (en) * 2010-08-17 2011-05-11 华东理工大学 Laser cladding coaxial powder delivery nozzle comprising guide protective air flow
CN102061467A (en) * 2010-11-02 2011-05-18 中国石油大学(华东) Adjustable laser coaxial powder-feeding nozzle
CN102245343A (en) * 2008-11-13 2011-11-16 通快激光与系统工程有限公司 Method and laser processing machine with means for determining a misalignment of a powder feed nozzle of the laser processing machine
CN107303607A (en) * 2016-04-22 2017-10-31 中国科学院沈阳自动化研究所 A kind of powder feeding formula laser 3D printing optical fiber feeding head
US20190193334A1 (en) * 2015-12-31 2019-06-27 Ecole Centrale De Nantes Method and system for adjusting an additive manufacturing device
CN110331396A (en) * 2019-07-04 2019-10-15 包头市三泰激光科技有限公司 Ring type coaxial powder-feeding laser nozzle
CN111926328A (en) * 2020-09-14 2020-11-13 哈尔滨理工大学 Powerful's novel coaxial powder feeding device
CN216502365U (en) * 2021-10-05 2022-05-13 哈尔滨理工大学 An adjustable and high-stability coaxial powder feeding nozzle device

Patent Citations (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4724299A (en) * 1987-04-15 1988-02-09 Quantum Laser Corporation Laser spray nozzle and method
CN2707772Y (en) * 2004-06-15 2005-07-06 华南理工大学 Ring type coaxial laser cladding nozzle
CN102245343A (en) * 2008-11-13 2011-11-16 通快激光与系统工程有限公司 Method and laser processing machine with means for determining a misalignment of a powder feed nozzle of the laser processing machine
CN201823642U (en) * 2010-08-17 2011-05-11 华东理工大学 Laser cladding coaxial powder delivery nozzle comprising guide protective air flow
CN102061467A (en) * 2010-11-02 2011-05-18 中国石油大学(华东) Adjustable laser coaxial powder-feeding nozzle
US20190193334A1 (en) * 2015-12-31 2019-06-27 Ecole Centrale De Nantes Method and system for adjusting an additive manufacturing device
CN107303607A (en) * 2016-04-22 2017-10-31 中国科学院沈阳自动化研究所 A kind of powder feeding formula laser 3D printing optical fiber feeding head
CN110331396A (en) * 2019-07-04 2019-10-15 包头市三泰激光科技有限公司 Ring type coaxial powder-feeding laser nozzle
CN111926328A (en) * 2020-09-14 2020-11-13 哈尔滨理工大学 Powerful's novel coaxial powder feeding device
CN216502365U (en) * 2021-10-05 2022-05-13 哈尔滨理工大学 An adjustable and high-stability coaxial powder feeding nozzle device

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN115609016A (en) * 2022-09-16 2023-01-17 中航天地激光科技有限公司 A micro-additive device for laser spraying surface

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Application publication date: 20211109