CN106637195B - Hot spot and the coaxial powder-feeding nozzle of powder feeding position can be automatically adjusted - Google Patents
Hot spot and the coaxial powder-feeding nozzle of powder feeding position can be automatically adjusted Download PDFInfo
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- CN106637195B CN106637195B CN201611159063.7A CN201611159063A CN106637195B CN 106637195 B CN106637195 B CN 106637195B CN 201611159063 A CN201611159063 A CN 201611159063A CN 106637195 B CN106637195 B CN 106637195B
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- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 45
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 21
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000013307 optical fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 abstract description 12
- 230000033001 locomotion Effects 0.000 abstract description 11
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 abstract description 11
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 abstract description 10
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 abstract description 9
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 abstract description 8
- 238000005253 cladding Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000010309 melting process Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000004372 laser cladding Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 9
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011796 hollow space material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 241000233855 Orchidaceae Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010410 dusting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000005069 ears Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008439 repair process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C24/00—Coating starting from inorganic powder
- C23C24/08—Coating starting from inorganic powder by application of heat or pressure and heat
- C23C24/10—Coating starting from inorganic powder by application of heat or pressure and heat with intermediate formation of a liquid phase in the layer
- C23C24/103—Coating with metallic material, i.e. metals or metal alloys, optionally comprising hard particles, e.g. oxides, carbides or nitrides
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of coaxial powder-feeding nozzle automatically adjusting hot spot and powder feeding position, which can be used for field of laser cladding.Its structure includes mainly：Connecting cylinder, nozzle body, variable light path system, adjustable powder feeding position system and nozzle, the outside of nozzle have the mounting ear of cooling jacket and four-bar mechanism, interior protection gas air inlet are provided in upper end.All moving parts of nozzle are driven by servo motor, and the linear motion of sliding block is converted rotational motion by ball-screw.The present invention can continuously change spot diameter and powder feeding position, and facula position can be adjusted to be allowed to overlap with powder stream convergence focus, it solves the contradiction in laser melting coating between cladding efficiency and cladding precision well, helps to realize complex-curved laser melting and coating process.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to laser processing application field, it is related to laser stereoforming and laser melting coating more particularly to laser is molten
Hot spot and the coaxial powder-feeding nozzle of powder feeding position are automatically adjusted in covering.
Background technology
Laser melting and coating technique refers to being melted metal powder using high energy laser beam, and deposit to matrix surface, formed with
The metal coating that matrix metallurgically combines.Piece surface can be strengthened using the technology, repair part and be damaged
Region or directly accumulation produce the material object parts with labyrinth.One maximum advantage of laser melting and coating technique is can
Complicated part is directly manufactured, but faces many insoluble problems in practical operation.On complicated part
Feature is more, and there is also differences for structure size.If smaller hot spot is selected to be processed, it can no doubt ensure machining accuracy,
But processing efficiency is reduced；Step effect present in laser melting coating drastically influences the surface quality of processing part, this is not
Profit influence to it is complex-curved progress cladding when performance it is more prominent.
Invention content
Technical problem to be solved by the present invention lies in prior art defect is overcome, provide one kind simple in structure, Neng Goulian
It is continuous to change laser melting coating spot diameter size and powder feeding position, and can ensure that powder stream convergence focus and laser beam convergence are burnt
What point overlapped automatically adjusts hot spot and the coaxial powder-feeding nozzle of powder feeding position.
In order to solve the above technical problem, the present invention provides a kind of the coaxial of hot spot and powder feeding position that automatically adjust give
Powder nozzle, including：Connecting cylinder, nozzle body, changeable optical path system, adjustable powder feeding position system and nozzle；
The connecting cylinder upper end is connect with optical fiber laser, and lower end is connect with nozzle body；
The nozzle is made of nozzle inner cylinder and cooling jacket；The nozzle inner cylinder upper design has the peace of protection eyeglass
Holding position and the flanged joint portion being connect with nozzle body, at middle part column part be designed with equally distributed protective gas into
Gas port, conical section be symmetrically provided with cooling water intake and and water outlet, be uniformly distributed mounting ear in periphery；Described is cold
But water jacket, is in back taper, and water layer is divided in inside with annular；
The nozzle body is hollow cylinder, and nozzle body both sides are provided with the notch parallel with cylinder axis；Nozzle
Servo motor A and servo motor B, ball-screw A and ball-screw B and cylinder are designed on the mounting plate of main body upper and lower ends
The installation position of guide rail A and cylindrical guide B；And equipped with the interface being connect respectively with connecting cylinder and nozzle inner cylinder；
The changeable optical path system includes position regulating system and light path system two parts；
The position regulating system is mounted on nozzle body by two groups of identical structure compositions, two groups of symmetrical configurations
Mounting plate on；Every group of structure can self-movement, be respectively used to adjust the position of lens A and lens B；Every group of structure is all wrapped
It includes cylinder and leads A, lens tabletting, lens holder, guide rail slide block A, leading screw support base A, servo motor A, shaft coupling A, ball-screw
A, ball-screw nut A, guide rail slide block B；
The servo motor is bolted together on the mounting plate of nozzle body upper end, and the leading screw support base A is fixed on spray
On the mounting plate of head lower body；The servo motor A is connected with shaft coupling A；The one end the ball-screw A and shaft coupling A phases
Even, other end is connected with leading screw support base A；Ball-screw nut A is installed on ball-screw A；
The both ends the cylindrical guide A have screw thread, are fixed in nozzle body by nut；The guide rail slide block A tools
There are one connectors, are mounted on cylindrical guide A；The notch and lens that the connector of guide rail slide block A passes through nozzle body side
One end of bracket connects；There are two connectors for the guide rail slide block B tools, are mounted on above the cylindrical guide A of symmetrical side, wherein
One connector is connect with ball-screw nut A, another connector is another by the notch of cylindrical drum side and lens holder
Outer one end connection；
The light path system is made of beam expanding lens, convex lens A and convex lens B, their center point-blank, and
Ensure that the distance between lens A and lens B is more than convex lens A in adjustment process（3.4）With convex lens B（3.5）Focal length it
With；Convex lens A and convex lens B is mounted on lens holder, is fixed by lens tabletting；Convex lens is driven when guide rail slide block moves
Mirror moves in the hollow space of nozzle body, changes light path.
In order to ensure the stationarity of lens movement in the position regulating system, lens holder is by guide rail slide block A and guide rail
Slide block B connects；In order to simplify structure, the guide rail slide block A and guide rail slide block B of homonymy share a cylindrical guide A.
The variable powder feeding position system includes：Push and pull system and regulating mechanism two parts；
The push and pull system is made of multiple four-bar mechanisms.Each four-bar mechanism includes pin, swing rod, bolt and nut
Auxiliary connection, connecting rod, swing rod, guide plate, adjusting block A and adjusting block B；Adjusting block A and adjusting block B is solid by bolt and nut auxiliary connection
Among the sliding slot of guide plate；With the mounting ear on nozzle inner cylinder with pin connection, the other end and adjusting block B are logical for one end of connecting rod
Bolt and nut auxiliary connection is crossed to fix；With adjusting block A by pin connection, other end is connected with guide rail slide block C by pin for swing rod one end
It connects；
The guide plate end is all fixed, and there are one discharge tubes；The guide plate and with adjusting block A and adjusting block, adjust
It is fixed with bolt and nut auxiliary connection between block B and connecting rod, it can be by changing the distance between adjusting block A and adjusting block B and connecting
Angle between bar and guide plate obtains the four-bar mechanism of Different structural parameters so that powder-supplying spray head has multiple and different powder
It is optional that the later and decadent stage of a school of thought converges focal length variations section so that powder feeding position is more diversified；
The identical structure composition for the both sides that the regulating system is symmetrically mounted on nozzle body by two groups, component part include
Servo motor B, shaft coupling B, ball-screw B, ball-screw nut B, leading screw support base B, cylindrical guide B, guide rail slide block C, cross
Bar A and cross bar B；Servo motor B, shaft coupling B, ball-screw B, ball-screw nut B, leading screw support base B, cylindrical guide B and
The mounting means of guide rail slide block C and the foregoing description can brightness-changing system each corresponding intrument of position regulating system connection type phase
Together；There are two connecting interfaces for the guide rail slide block C equally tool, one of them connect with one end of cross bar A, at the same cross bar A with
Ball-screw nut B connections；Two groups of structures of the regulating system are rigidly connected with cross bar B, ensure that all powder feeding pipes are being adjusted
It can move synchronously in the process.Linear motion is changed by the rotary motion of ball-screw adjutant's motor in this way, and drives and leads
Rail sliding block C is for linear motion along cylindrical guide B, changes the angle between swing rod and nozzle body axis with this.
As an improvement, the upper end of the connecting cylinder is equipped with external screw thread, connecting cylinder is connect by external screw thread with optical fiber laser
As an improvement, the lower end of the connecting cylinder has the connecting flange being connect with nozzle body, connecting cylinder to pass through connection method
Orchid connect with nozzle body.
As an improvement, the nozzle inner cylinder is connected with cooling jacket by way of welding or being threadedly coupled.
As an improvement, the quantity of the air inlet is three.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are：（1）The present invention is first item can adjust the straight of powder feeding position and hot spot simultaneously
Diameter size, the Coaxial nozzle for accurately controlling facula position.It is continuous to become spot diameter design, solve laser melting coating efficiency and processing
Existing contradiction between precision；The design of variable powder feeding position can be directed to different powder and choose best powder feeding position, protect
Demonstrate,prove convergence and the stability of powder；Facula position can be accurately controlled, it is ensured that powder stream converges the coincidence of focus and hot spot,
Improve the utilization rate of metal powder；
（2）The present invention abandons the mentality of designing for changing spot diameter size using defocus method completely, using by beam expanding lens
With two convex lens groups at path adjustable optical, can effectively realize the continuous diameter for changing hot spot and accurately control hot spot
The purpose of position.Can in due course change spot diameter size as needed, be to solve laser melting coating precision and cladding efficiency
Effective way；
1. powder feeding position regulating system uses link mechanism, simple and reliable for structure, and the parameter of link mechanism is adjustable
's.Under different link parameters, there is different powder streams to converge focus adjustment section, focal length continuously becomes in each adjusting section
Change.Increase adaptability of the nozzle to the larger metal powder of nature difference.
2. not only overall structure is simple, but also each parts shape is also relatively simple easy to manufacture.The main portion of nozzle
To be detachably connected between part, easy maintenance and replacement easily worn part.It is ball that actuator, which has selected servo motor, transmission parts,
Lead screw pair, guiding parts are cylindrical guide, ensure that control accuracy and kinematic accuracy.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the overall construction drawing of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the changeable optical path system construction drawing of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is the optical path adjusting principle schematic of the present invention；
Fig. 4 is the adjustable powder feeding location system structure figure of the present invention；
Fig. 5 is the four-bar mechanism structure chart of the present invention；
Fig. 6 is the nozzle arrangements figure of the present invention；
In figure：1, connecting cylinder, 1.1, beam expanding lens, 2, nozzle body, 3, changeable optical path system, 3.1, cylindrical guide A, 3.2,
Lens tabletting, 3.3, lens holder, 3.4 convex lens A, 3.5 convex lens B, 3.6, guide rail slide block A, 3.7, leading screw support base A,
3.8, servo motor A, 3.9, shaft coupling A, 3.10, ball-screw A, 3.11, ball-screw nut A, 3.12, guide rail slide block B,
3.13, soket head cap screw, 3.14, hex nut, 4, adjustable powder feeding position system, 4.1, servo motor B, 4.2, shaft coupling B,
4.3, cylindrical guide B, 4.4, ball-screw B, 4.5, ball-screw nut B, 4.6, cross bar A, 4.7, cross bar B, 4.8, guide rail slides
Block C, 4.9, leading screw support base B, 4.10, pin, 4.11, swing rod, 4.12, adjusting block A, 4.13, bolt and nut auxiliary connection, 4.14,
Connecting rod, 4.15, guide plate, 4.16, adjusting block B, 4.17, discharge tube, 5, nozzle, 5.1, air inlet, 5.2, mounting ear, 5.3, protect
Protecting lens, 5.4, flanged joint portion, 5.5, nozzle inner cylinder, 5.6, cooling water intake, 5.7, cooling jacket, 5.8, cooling water goes out
The mouth of a river.
Specific implementation mode
The invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
It should be noted that：Unless specifically stated otherwise, otherwise positioned opposite, the numerical value of component described in the present embodiment
Etc. being not limited to the scope of the present invention.Preferably, in this embodiment, 4.17 quantity of discharge tube is selected as four, spy
As long as its other quantity can form complete annular powder curtain all within protection scope of the present invention during dusting, quantity
Not concrete restriction；The number of corresponding mounting ear 5.2 and four-bar mechanism is designed to four, opposite with 4.17 number of discharge tube
It answers；Preferably, the air inlet 5.1 of protective gas is designed as three.
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of coaxial powder-feeding nozzle automatically adjusting hot spot and powder feeding position, including：Connecting cylinder, nozzle
Main body, changeable optical path system, adjustable powder feeding position system and nozzle.
As shown in fig. 6, the nozzle 5 is made of nozzle inner cylinder 5.5 and cooling jacket 5.7；The nozzle inner cylinder 5.5
The flanged joint portion 5.4 that upper design has the installation site of protection eyeglass 5.3 and connect with nozzle body 2, the cylinder at middle part
Part be designed with three uniformly distributed protective gas air inlets 5.1, conical section be symmetrically provided with cooling water intake 5.6 and and
Water outlet 5.8 is evenly distributed with four mounting ears 5.2 in periphery；The cooling jacket 5.7 is in back taper, and inside has annular to divide water
Layer；The nozzle head 5.5 is connected with cooling jacket 5.7 by way of welding or being threadedly coupled, and constitutes nozzle 5 together.
The nozzle body 2 is hollow cylinder, and the notch parallel with cylinder axis is provided in cylinder both sides；Its
Upper and lower ends, which are designed with, to provide the mounting plate of installation site for the other components of nozzle, and be designed with respectively with connecting cylinder 1
Connecting interface between nozzle inner cylinder 5.5.
As shown in Fig. 2, the changeable optical path system 3 includes mainly light path system and position regulating system two parts.It is described
Light path system be made of beam expanding lens 1.1, convex lens A 3.4 and convex lens B 3.5, their center is point-blank；Expand
Beam mirror 1.1 is installed among connecting cylinder 1.1, fixed.Ensure between lens A 3.4 and lens B 3.5 in adjustment process
Distance is more than the focal length of convex lens A 3.4.
The position regulating system is symmetrically arranged on the installation of nozzle body 2 by two groups of identical structure compositions
On plate.Every group can self-movement, be respectively used to adjust the position of lens A 3.4 and lens B 3.5.Each group all by cylinder
Guide rail A 3.1, lens tabletting 3.2, lens holder 3.3, guide rail slide block A 3.6, leading screw support base A3.7, servo motor A3.8,
Shaft coupling A3.9, ball-screw A3.10, ball-screw nut A3.11 and guide rail slide block B 3.12 are formed.The servo motor
A3.8 is bolted together on the upper junction plate of nozzle body 2, and servo motor A3.8 is connected with shaft coupling A3.9；The ball wire
The one end thick stick A3.10 is connect with shaft coupling A3.9, other end and the leading screw support base being fixed on 2 lower connecting plate of nozzle body
A3.7 connections, are equipped with feed screw nut A3.11 thereon；3.1 both ends cylindrical guide A have screw thread, are bolted
In nozzle body 2；There are one connectors for the tools of guide rail slide block A 3.6, are mounted on cylindrical guide A 3.1, guide rail is slided
The connector of block A 3.6 is connect by the notch of cylindrical drum side with one end of lens holder 3.3；The guide rail slide block B 3.12
There are two connectors for tool, are mounted on above the cylindrical guide A 3.1 of symmetrical side, one of connector and ball-screw nut
A3.11 connections, another connector are connect by the notch of cylindrical drum side with the other end of lens holder 3.3；Convex lens
A3.4 and convex lens B3.5 is mounted on 3.3 on lens holder, is compressed by lens tabletting 3.2, lens holder 3.3 and lens tabletting
3.2 to be bolted.Convex lens A3.4 and convex lens B3.5 is driven as guide rail slide block A 3.6 and guide rail slide block B3.12 movements
It is moved in the hollow space of nozzle body 2, changes light path.
In order to ensure the stationarity of lens movement in the position regulating system, 3.3 both sides of lens holder are respectively with one
A guide rail slide block A is connected with guide rail slide block B；Guide rail slide block A and guide rail slide block B in order to simplify structure homonymy share one respectively
Cylindrical guide A.
Fig. 3, which gives, realizes the continuous principle schematic for changing spot diameter size and accurately controlling facula position.It expands
There are two effects for mirror 1.1：One is reducing the angle of divergence of laser beam, improve the convergence of light beam, the second is laser beam is expanded
Beam makes lasing beam diameter become larger, and is suitable for the adjusting of subsequent optical path.Comparison（b）With（c）, it can be seen that keeping convex lens A 3.4
In the case that relative position is constant between convex lens B 3.5, change convex lens A 3.4 and convex lens B 3.5 and beam expanding lens
Relative position between 1.1 can change the position of hot spot in the case where keeping spot diameter size constant；Comparison（a）With
（c）As can be seen that the relative position between changing convex lens A 3.4 and convex lens B 3.5, so that it may continuously to change hot spot
The size of diameter, while adjusting convex lens A 3.4 appropriate and the relative position between convex lens B 3.5 and beam expanding lens 1.1, just
The position of hot spot can be kept constant while continuously changing spot diameter size.
The adjustable powder feeding position system 4 includes push and pull system and regulating system two parts as shown in Figure 4.The company
There are four four-bar mechanisms to form for lever system.As shown in figure 5, the four-bar mechanism is by pin 4.10, swing rod 4.11, adjusting block
A 4.12, bolt and nut auxiliary connection 4.13, connecting rod 4.14, guide plate 4.15 and adjusting block B4.16 compositions.Adjusting block A 4.12
Among being fixed on the sliding slot of guide plate 4.15 with adjusting block B 4.16 with bolt and nut auxiliary connection 4.13, one end of connecting rod 4.14 with
Mounting ear 5.2 on nozzle inner cylinder is connected with pin 4.10, and the other end and adjusting block B 4.16 are fixed with nut auxiliary connection 4.13；Pendulum
4.11 one end of bar and 4.12 pin connections of adjusting block A, other end are connect with guide rail slide block C 4.8 with pin 4.10.
The identical structure composition that the regulating system is symmetrically mounted on 2 both sides of nozzle body by two groups.Each group all by
Servo motor B 4.1, shaft coupling B4.2, cylindrical guide B, 4.3, ball-screw B4.4, ball-screw nut B4.5, cross bar A
4.6, cross bar B 4.7, guide rail slide block C 4.8 and leading screw support base B4.9 compositions.The servo motor B 4.1, shaft coupling
B4.2, ball-screw B4.4, ball-screw nut B4.5, leading screw support base B4.9, cylindrical guide B 4.3 and guide rail slide block C
4.8 mounting means and the foregoing description can the connection type of each corresponding intrument of position regulating system of brightness-changing system it is identical；It is described
The equally tools of guide rail slide block C 4.8 connect with one end of cross bar A 4.6 and cross bar B 4.7 respectively there are two connecting interface；Cross bar
A 4.6 is connected with ball-screw nut B4.5.Two groups of identical structures of the regulating system are rigidly connected with cross bar B 4.7, are protected
Four powder feeding pipes of card can move synchronously in adjustment process.Pass through ball-screw B4.4 and ball-screw nut B4.5 groups in this way
At the rotary motion of ball-screw adjutant's motor be changed into linear motion, and drive guide rail slide block C 4.8 along cylindrical guide B
4.3 is for linear motion, changes the angle between 2 axis of swing rod 4.11 and nozzle body with this.
It is described that in each 4.15 end of guide plate, fixed there are one discharge tubes 4.17；The guide plate
It 4.15 and is fixed with bolt and nut auxiliary connection 4.13 between adjusting block A 4.12, adjusting block B 4.16 and connecting rod 4.14, it can be with
By changing the angle between the distance between adjusting block A 4.12 and adjusting block B 4.16 and connecting rod 4.14 and guide plate 4.15
Obtain the four-bar mechanism of Different structural parameters so that powder-feeding nozzle has multiple and different powder stream convergence focal length variations sections can
Choosing.
The connecting cylinder 1 has external screw thread that can be connect with optical fiber laser on top, and lower end has to be connect with nozzle body 2
Connecting flange, inside beam expanding lens 1.1 is installed.
Therefore the present invention can continuously change spot diameter and powder feeding position, and facula position can be changed and be allowed to and powder
The later and decadent stage of a school of thought converges focus and overlaps, and solves the contradiction between cladding efficiency and cladding precision in laser melting coating well, contributes to multiple
The realization of miscellaneous curved surface laser melting and coating process.
It is obvious to a person skilled in the art that invention is not limited to the details of the above exemplary embodiments, Er Qie
In the case of without departing substantially from spirit or essential attributes of the invention, the present invention can be realized in other specific forms.Therefore, no matter
From the point of view of which point, the present embodiments are to be considered as illustrative and not restrictive, and the scope of the present invention is by appended power
Profit requires rather than above description limits, it is intended that all by what is fallen within the meaning and scope of the equivalent requirements of the claims
Variation is included within the present invention.Any reference signs in the claims should not be construed as limiting the involved claims.
The above, only presently preferred embodiments of the present invention, are not intended to limit the invention, it is noted that for this skill
For the those of ordinary skill in art field, several improvement can also be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, it is every according to
According to the technical spirit of the present invention to any trickle amendment, equivalent replacement and improvement made by above example, this should be included in
Within the protection domain of inventive technique scheme.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of coaxial powder-feeding nozzle automatically adjusting hot spot and powder feeding position, it is characterised in that：It is connected with optical fiber laser
Connecting cylinder（1）, nozzle body（2）, changeable optical path system（3）, adjustable powder feeding position system（4）And nozzle（5）；
The connecting cylinder（1）Upper end is connect with optical fiber laser, lower end and nozzle body（2）Connection；
The nozzle（5）By nozzle inner cylinder（5.5）And cooling jacket（5.7）Composition；Nozzle inner cylinder（5.5）Top is equipped with protective glass
Piece（5.3）Installation site and and nozzle body（2）The flanged joint portion of connection（5.4）, the column part at middle part is equipped with equal
The air inlet of even distribution（5.1）, cooling water intake is symmetrically provided in conical section（5.6）And water outlet（5.8）, in outside
It is designed with mounting ear（5.2）；The cooling jacket（5.7）In back taper, water layer is divided in inside with annular；
The nozzle body（2）For hollow cylinder, nozzle body（2）Both sides are provided with the notch parallel with cylinder axis, spray
Head main body（2）Upper and lower ends are equipped with mounting plate, and equipped with respectively with connecting cylinder（1）And nozzle inner cylinder（5.5）The interface of connection；
The changeable optical path system（3）Including position regulating system and light path system；
The position regulating system is respectively symmetrically mounted on nozzle body by two groups of identical structure compositions（2）Mounting plate on；
Every group of structure can self-movement, component part includes cylindrical guide A (3.1), lens tabletting (3.2), lens holder
(3.3), guide rail slide block A (3.6), leading screw support base A (3.7), servo motor A（3.8）, shaft coupling A（3.9）, ball-screw A
（3.10）, ball-screw nut A（3.11）With guide rail slide block B (3.12)；
The servo motor A (3.8) is fixed on the mounting plate of nozzle body (2) upper end, the leading screw support base A（3.7）Gu
It is scheduled on the mounting plate of nozzle body (2) lower end；The servo motor A（3.8）With shaft coupling A（3.9）It is connected；The ball wire
Thick stick A（3.10）One end and shaft coupling A（3.9）Connection, other end and leading screw support base A（3.7）Connection；Ball-screw A
（3.10）On ball-screw nut A is installed（3.11）；
The cylindrical guide A（3.1）It is fixed on nozzle body（2）On；The guide rail slide block A（3.6）Mounted on left side, cylinder is led
Rail A（3.1）On, guide rail slide block A（3.6）Both ends respectively with lens holder（3.3）With ball-screw nut A（3.11）Connection；Institute
State guide rail slide block B（3.12）Mounted on right side cylindrical guide A（3.1）On, guide rail slide block B (3.12) both ends respectively with lens holder
（3.3）With ball-screw nut A（3.11）Connection；The lens holder（3.3）Both sides respectively with guide rail slide block A（3.6）With lead
Rail slide block B（3.12）Connection；Guide rail slide block A in homonymy（3.6）With guide rail slide block B（3.12）A cylinder is shared respectively to lead
Rail A（3.1）；
The light path system includes beam expanding lens（1.1）, convex lens A（3.4）With convex lens B（3.5）, their center is straight at one
On line；The convex lens A（3.4）With convex lens B（3.5）All it is mounted on lens holder（3.3）On, by lens tabletting（3.2）
It is fixed；The beam expanding lens（1.1）It is installed on connecting cylinder（1）Among；
The adjustable powder feeding position system (4) includes push and pull system and regulating system two parts；
The push and pull system is made of multiple four-bar mechanisms；
The four-bar mechanism includes pin（4.10）, swing rod（4.11）, adjusting block A（4.12）, bolt and nut auxiliary connection（4.13）、
Connecting rod（4.14）, guide plate（4.15）With adjusting block B（4.16）；The adjusting block A（4.12）With adjusting block B（4.16）Pass through spiral shell
Bolt nut auxiliary connection（4.13）It is fixed on guide plate（4.15）；The connecting rod（4.14）One end and nozzle inner cylinder（5.5）Peace
Fill ear（5.2）Pass through pin（4.10）Connection, the other end and adjusting block B（4.16）Pass through bolt and nut auxiliary connection（4.13）It is fixed；
The swing rod（4.11）One end and adjusting block A（4.12）Pass through pin（4.10）Connection, other end and guide rail slide block C（4.8）It is logical
Cross pin（4.10）Connection；The guide plate（4.15）End is fixed with discharge tube（4.17）；
The regulating system is symmetrically mounted on nozzle body by two groups（2）The identical structure composition of both sides, component part include watching
Take motor B（4.1）, shaft coupling B（4.2）, cylindrical guide B（4.3）, ball-screw B（4.4）, ball-screw nut B（4.5）, it is horizontal
Bar A（4.6）, cross bar B（4.7）, guide rail slide block C（4.8）With leading screw support base B（4.9）；The servo motor B（4.1）, shaft coupling
Device B（4.2）, ball-screw B（4.4）, ball-screw nut B（4.5）, leading screw support base B（4.9）, cylindrical guide B（4.3）With
Guide rail slide block C（4.8）Mounting means with it is described can brightness-changing system（3）Each corresponding intrument of position regulating system connection type
It is identical；The guide rail slide block C（4.8）Respectively with cross bar A（4.6）And cross bar B（4.7）One end connection；The cross bar A（4.6）
With ball-screw nut B（4.5）Connection；Two groups of structures of the regulating system pass through cross bar B（4.7）Rigid connection.
2. the coaxial powder-feeding nozzle according to claim 1 for automatically adjusting hot spot and powder feeding position, it is characterised in that：Institute
State connecting cylinder（1）Upper end is equipped with external screw thread, connecting cylinder（1）It is connect with optical fiber laser by external screw thread.
3. the coaxial powder-feeding nozzle according to claim 1 or 2 for automatically adjusting hot spot and powder feeding position, feature exist
In：The connecting cylinder（1）Lower end is equipped with connecting flange, connecting cylinder（1）Pass through connecting flange and nozzle body（2）Connection.
4. the coaxial powder-feeding nozzle according to claim 1 or 2 for automatically adjusting hot spot and powder feeding position, feature exist
In：The nozzle inner cylinder（5.5）And cooling jacket（5.7）By welding or being threadedly coupled.
5. the coaxial powder-feeding nozzle according to claim 1 or 2 for automatically adjusting hot spot and powder feeding position, feature exist
In：The air inlet（5.1）Quantity be three.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201611159063.7A CN106637195B (en) | 2016-12-15 | 2016-12-15 | Hot spot and the coaxial powder-feeding nozzle of powder feeding position can be automatically adjusted |
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| CN201611159063.7A CN106637195B (en) | 2016-12-15 | 2016-12-15 | Hot spot and the coaxial powder-feeding nozzle of powder feeding position can be automatically adjusted |
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| CN106637195B true CN106637195B (en) | 2018-09-14 |
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